"Waves" vs. "particles" in the atmosphere's phase space: A pathway to long-range forecasting? -- Data Supplement - Supporting Figures -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Supporting information for Ghil and Robertson (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99 (Suppl. 1), 2493–2500. (10.1073/pnas.012580899)

Supporting Figure 7 Fig. 7.
Observed intraseasonal oscillations: log-linear spectral plot of banded atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) as calculated from National Meteorological Center data and averaged over 13 years (1976–1988) and all seasons. (a) The NH extratropics. (b) The tropics. (c) The Southern Hemisphere extratropics. Each spectrum is compared with the appropriate red-noise process (i.e., an auto-regressive process of order one with the same variance and lag-one auto-correlation as the corresponding time series), and the mean and 95% confidence limits of this process are indicated. Note the difference in the linear scale on the ordinate, from panel to panel. [Reproduced with permission from Dickey, J. O., Ghil, M. & Marcus, S. L. (1991) J. Geophys. Res. 96, 22643–22658 (Copyright 1991, American Geophysical Union).]