Iqbal et al. 10.1073/pnas.0606805103. |
Fig. 5. The effects of potential TNFa actions on osteoblasts in the presence of OPG. OPG was applied starting at 24 days, and the effects on responding osteoblasts (A), active osteoblasts (B), and active osteoclasts (C) are depicted by the line drawings. The effects of two possible TNFa actions to explain the increase in osteoblast function seen in TNF-transgenic mice treated with OPG are increased active osteoblast survival (blue arrows) and increased amounts of responding osteoblasts (green arrows). For a detailed description of the model parameters please see ref. 1.
1. Lemaire V, Tobin FL, Greller LD, Cho CR, Suva LJ (2004) J Theor Biol 229:293-309.
Table 2. Additional bone changes in transgenic TNF-overexpressing mice
Mice | Osteoclast precursors* (CFU-M colonies from sorted CD11bhi cells) | Trabecular bone mineral density, mg/cm3 | Deoxypyridinoline levels, ng/ml | Osteocalcin levels, ng/ml |
Wild type | 25 (1, 2) | 392 (3) | 3.75 (3) | 10 (3) |
TNF-Tg | 45 (1, 2) | 250 (3) | 6 (3) | 15 (3) |
TNF-Tg + etanercept injection | 22 (2) | |||
Wild type + OPG injection | 526 (3) | 2 (3) | 4 (3) | |
TNF-Tg + OPG injection | 711 (3) | 1.5 (3) | 10 (3) |
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3. Schett G, Redlich K, Hayer S, Zwerina J, Bolon B, Dunstan C, Gortz B, Schulz A, Bergmeister H, Kollias G, et al. (2003) Arthritis Rheum 48:2042-2051.