Fig. 6. Graphical display of the annual model (A; Eq. 3) and the seasonal bivariate model (B; Eqs. s1 and s2). The true population abundances are linked to the observations through an observation model. The arrows represent prior conditional dependence (stochastic relationship) between nodes (i.e., data observations or unknown parameters in the model). Observed nodes are represented by square boxes, and unknown quantities are represented by ellipses. There is one sheet for each year t. Quantities without the index t are common for all years.