Fig. 8. Procedure and apparatus for in vivo and in vitro electroporation. (A) Schematic illustration showing the in vivo electroporation method. (B) The electrodes used in this study are shown. Tweezer-type electrodes (a) are placed to hold the head of newborn (P0) rat or mouse (b). (C) A micro-chamber used for in vitro electroporation is shown.