van NieukerkenErik J.WagnerDavid L.BaldessariMarioMazzonLucaAngeliGinoGirolamiVicenzoDusoCarloDoorenweerdCamiel Antispila oinophylla new species (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae), a new North American grapevine leafminer invading Italian vineyards: taxonomy, DNA barcodes and life cycle Zookeys22220122012170297710.3897/zookeys.170.2617 Antispila ampelopsifoliella http://species-id.net/wiki/Antispila_ampelopsifoliella ChambersFigs 3542, 435356Antispila ampelopsifoliella Chambers, 1874a: 168. Syntypes: leafmines [USA: Kentucky, Covington] on Ampelopsis quinquefolia [= Parthenocissus quinquefolia], “pseudotypes”, Kentucky, Covington (MCZ) [examined].Antispila ampelopsisella Chambers, 1874a: 197. Subsequent incorrect spelling.Antispila ampelopsiella Chambers, 1874a: 198. Subsequent incorrect spelling.Antispila ampelopsifoliella; Needham et al. 1928: 289 [partim]; Davis 1983: 4 [partim].Antispila ampelopsiella; Dyar et al. 1903: 539 [partim]; Barnes and McDunnough 1917: 181 [partim]; Forbes 1923: 226; McDunnough 1939 [partim]: 91; Brower 1984: 29 [partim].Differential diagnosis.

We cannotseparate Antispila ampelopsifoliella (Fig. 35) from Antispila oinophylla based on external characters: it may average a bit smaller, but our samples are too few in number to make statistical comparisons. In the male genitalia (Figs 42–43), uncus not bilobed; valva with pecten with ca. 11–13 comb spines, base of valva with rounded lobe, not triangular; juxta rather wide, with lateral groups of spines; phallus with much shorter terminal spines and a comb of rather short triangular spines near phallotrema. Female genitalia (Fig. 53): ovipositor only with 3 cusps at either side. Vestibulum with some spines.

Holocacista and Antispila adult habitus in dorsal or lateral(40, 41)view. 33 Holocacista rivillei, male, Italy 34 Antispila voraginella, male, USA: Arizona, genitalia slide EJvN3918 35 Antispila ampelopsifoliella, female, USA, Vermont: Salisbury, genitalia slide JCK15220 36 Antispila hydrangaeella, female, USA: Georgia, Chattahoochee NF 37 Antispila cf viticordifoliella, female, Canada: Ottawa 38, 39 Antispila cf isabella, male, upper and underside (39) with androconial scales, USA: Connecticut, Mansfield, DLW90J8 40 Antispila “vitis1”, female, USA: Florida, genitalia slide EJvN4205 41 Antispila cf viticordifoliella, female, USA: Florida, genitalia slide EJvN4207. Arrows indicate white tipped antennae in Antispila hydrangaeella and cf viticordifoliella.

Antispila species, male genitalia. 42–43 Antispila ampelopsifoliella, USA, New York state, genitalia slide EJvN4200 44–45 Antispila voraginella, USA, holotype, genitalia slide EJvN3916 46 Antispila cf isabella, USA: Kentucky, Morehead, genitalia slide CNC MIC1859 47 Antispila hydrangaeella, USA: North Carolina, NP Great Smoky Mts., genitalia slide EJvN4198.

Holocacista rivillei, male and female genitalia, Antispila ampelopsifoliella, female genitalia(53). 48–50 Male genitalia, Italy, slides RMNH.INS.15248, 15250, 15251 51–52Female genitalia, slide RMNH.INS.15252 53 Ovipositor and tergum 8, genitalia slide JCK15220.

Biology.

Hostplant: Parthenocissus quinquefolia.

Leafmines

(Fig. 56). Egg usually inserted in leaf under- or upperside close to a vein, mine starting with a relatively long contorted gallery with thin broken frass, or when it runs along margin in a straighter course, later abruptly enlarged into elongate blotch or wide gallery; frass dispersed in middle. The early narrow gallery may be as long as the elongate blotch. The mine can be found in any part of the leaf. Larva yellowish white, black head, cut-out ca 3.5–4 mm long. The mine resembles that of Antispila hydrangaeella. It was most frequently found in the larger and thinner ground leaves of Virginia creeper.

Holocacista rivillei and Antispila species, life history. 54–55 Holocacista rivillei on Vitis vinifera, Italy: Rovereto 56 Antispila ampelopsifoliella on Parthenocissus quinquefolia, USA: Button Bay SP, 16.ix.2011 57 Antispila cf viticordifoliella on Phyllonorycter quinquefolia, same locality 58, 60 Antispila cf isabella on Vitis riparia, USA: Button Bay SP, 16.ix.2011 59, 61Antispila “vitis2” on Vitis riparia, samelocality. In the last four photos also parts are visible of gallery mines of Phyllocnistis vitegenella.

Distribution.

Eastern North America, confirmed from USA: Connecticut, Kentucky, New York, Vermont and Canada: Ontario.

NeedhamJGFrostSWTothillBH (1928) Leaf- mining insects. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, viii, 351 pp. http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5890390DavisDR (1983) Heliozelidae. In: Hodges RW, Dominick T, Davis DR, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Munroe EG, Powell JA (Eds) Check list of the Lepidoptera of America north of Mexico, including Greenland. Classey, London, 4.DyarHGFernaldCHHulstGDBusckA (1903) A list of North American Lepidoptera and key to the literature of this order of insects. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 52: i-xix, 1–723. http://biostor.org/reference/57795BarnesWMcDunnoughJ (1917) Check list of the Lepidoptera of boreal America. Herald Press, Decatur, Ill., viii + 392 pp.ForbesWTM (1923) The Lepidoptera of New York and neighboring states. Primitive forms Microlepidoptera, Pyraloids, Bombyces. Memoirs of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station 68: 1–792. http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19819699McDunnoughJ (1939) Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America, 2. Microlepidoptera.Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 2: 1-171.BrowerAE (1984) A list of the Lepidoptera of Maine, part 2. The Microlepidoptera. Section 2. Cosmopterigidae through Hepialidae. Technical Bulletin Maine Agricultural Experiment Station 114: i-x, 1–70.