BertaniRogérioRevision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) Zookeys23102012201223019410.3897/zookeys.230.3500 Typhochlaena paschoali urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:962A2C3A-127A-4656-9D3E-E9A1A9639CAD http://species-id.net/wiki/Typhochlaena_paschoali sp. n.Figs 7, 27–28Diagnosis.

The females differ from those of all other Typochlaena spp. by an almost straight, broad and short spermathecae, with a multilobular distal portion (Fig. 7). Male unknown. Additionally, females have cephalothorax and legs brown, abdomen black with dorsum with a central longitudinal white pattern having zigzag border (Fig. 27).

Etymology.

The specific name is a patronym in honour of Elbano Paschoal de Figueiredo Moraes, a Brazilian environmentalist who was died early on April 2011. He was one of the founders of the NGO “GAMBA – Grupo Ambientalista da Bahia”, and was well known for his efforts in preserving Brazilian Atlantic rainforest remnants in the state of Bahia, Brazil.

Types.

Holotype female and immature paratype, Brazil, state of Bahia, Camacan [15°24'S, 39°30'W], no further data (MNRJ 13723); Paratypes 1 female, 1 subadult male, 9 immatures, Brazil, state of Bahia, Jussari [15°10'S, 39°29'W], no further data (MNRJ 12928 – R2981).

Additional material examined.

Brazil, Pernambuco: Tapera [8°23'S, 38°05'W], 1 female, no further data (MNRJ 13615) (probably mislabeled); Bahia: Uruçuca, Faz. S. Teresa [14°35'S, 39°17'W], 2 females, 1 immature, no further data (MNRJ 12919 – R 2955); (CEPLAC), 1 subadult male, N. Tingarine (MNRJ 13761).

Description.

Holotype female (MNRJ 13723). Carapace 6.4 long, 6.0 wide, chelicerae 3.0. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 4.6, 3.3, 3.2, 2.4, 2.0, 15.5. II: 4.2, 2.8, 3.3, 2.4, 2.1, 14.8. III: 3.6, 2.6, 2.6, 2.5, 1.6, 12.9. IV: 4.6, 2.9, 3.7, 3.5, 1.8, 16.5. Palp: 3.5, 2.4, 2.1, –, 2.2, 10.2. Mid-widths (lateral): femora I –IV = 1.5, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, palp = 0.9; patellae I–IV = 1.3, 1.4, 1.3, 1.3, palp = 1.2; tibiae I–IV = 1.3, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, palp = 1.1; metatarsi I–IV = 1.3, 1.2, 0.9, 0.8; tarsi I–IV = 1.2, 1.1, 0.9, 0.7, palp = 1.2. Abdomen 6.4 long, 4.7 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.5 long, 0.4 wide, 0.1 apart; PLS, 0.9 basal, 0.5 middle, 0.5 domed distal; mid-widths (lateral), 0.7, 0.6, 0.4, respectively. Carapace: length to width 1.0. Fovea 1.5 wide. Eyes: tubercle 0.1 high, 1.1 long, 1.8 wide. Clypeus 0.2. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.3, ALE 0.4, PME 0.2, PLE 0.3, AME–AME 0.4, AME–ALE 0.2, AME–PME 0.2, ALE–ALE 1.3, ALE–PME 0.3, PME–PME 1.1, PME–PLE 0.1, PLE–PLE 1.5, ALE–PLE 0.3, AME–PLE 0.4. Ratio of eye group width to length 2.4. Maxillae: length to width: 1.7. Cuspules: 64 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 0.9 long, 1.3 wide, with 76 cuspules spaced by one diameter from each other on the anterior half. Labio-sternal groove shallow, flat, sigilla not evident. Chelicerae: basal segments with 8 teeth having similar size and well spaced from each other. Sternum: 3.1 long, 3.0 wide. Legs: leg formula: IV I II III. Scopula: tarsi I–III fully scopulate, IV divided by row of 6 setae. Metatarsi I–II 4/5 scopulate; III 2/3, IV 1/4 distal scopulate. IV divided by six wide row of setae. Spines: two apical spines on ventral metatarsus IV. Urticating hairs type II (0.32 to 0.4 long, 0.01 wide) on the abdomen dorsum. Genitalia: paired broad spermathecae very slightly curved outwards, ending in multilobular apex (Fig. 7). Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): carapace and chelicerae brown. Legs and palps light brown, except for tarsi and metatarsi I–III and tarsi of palp and leg IV, darker. Coxae, maxillae and labium light brown. Sternum dark brown. Longitudinal stripes on dorsum of femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi inconspicuous. Distal femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi with white rings. Abdomen black, dorsum with a central longitudinal white pattern having zigzag border. Cephalic area and chelicerae with long stiff setae. Abdomen dorsum with several scattered, very long, white guard-hairs (Fig. 27).

Distribution.

Known from southern state of Bahia, Brazil. A single record for Tapera, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil is probably a label mistake (Fig. 28).

Natural history.

No data available.

1–5 Typhochlaena seladonia C. L. Koch, 1841 1–3 male (IBSP 4551) left palpal bulb prolateral 2 retrolateral 3 frontal 4–5 females, spermathecae 4 exuvium (IBSP 4551) 5 female (IBSP 109718) 6 Typhochlaena curumin sp. n. holotype female (IBSP 8701) spermathecae 7 Typhochlaena paschoali sp. n., paratype female (MNRJ 12928), spermathecae. Scale bar = 1mm.

22–23 Typhochlaena seladonia C. L. Koch, 1841, habitus 22 female, Santa Luzia do Itanhy, state of Sergipe 23 immature inside its retreat in tree bark, same locality 24 Typhochlaena amma sp. n., female, Santa Teresa, state of Espirito Santo 25 Typhochlaena costae sp. n., female, Palmas, state of Tocantins 26 Typhochlena curumim sp. n., female, Areia, state of Paraiba 27 Typhochlaena paschoali sp. n., preserved female, Camacam, state of Bahia (holotype MNRJ 13723). Photos: R. Bertani.

Map showing records of Typhochlaena species in Northestern, Central western and Southeastern Brazil. Star = Typhochlaena seladonia C. L. Koch, 1841, square = Typhochlaena costae sp. n., diamond = Typhochlaena curumim sp. n., triangle = Typhochlaena paschoali sp. n., circle = Typhochlaena amma sp. n. The gray area represents the approximate original distribution of Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. White area represents open environment (cerrado and caatinga).