Files in this Data Supplement:
Movie 1. Computer simulation of Tc-eve dynamics in the blastoderm. Tc-eve expression (shown in blue) in the blastoderm is modeled by an array of oscillators along the horizontal axis (representing the AP axis; posterior to the right). Each oscillator runs independently with a frequency determined by a spatial gradient (shown in red). The frequency gradient starts with zero value at 20% from the anterior and increases linearly to reach a maximum value of 100% (1 cycle per unit time) at the posterior end. The simulation runs for 2.5 cycles, corresponding to the cycles of Tc-eve expression that occur in the blastoderm (see Fig. 3A). The simulation was performed using Matlab (see supplementary material Appendix S1).
Movie 2. Time-lapse recording of nuclear GFP in Tribolium blastoderm and early germband. The movie captures >11 hours of development at 26-28°C, at 5 minutes per frame. Two waves of mitotic divisions in early blastoderm (at 00:15 and 2:00 hours) and a burst of mitosis in the condensing germ rudiment (∼6:35 hours) appear as a transient loss of GFP nuclear localization. We estimate that stages prior to Tc-eve expression (B0) correspond to 0:00 to 2:30, and Tc-eve stripes 1 and 2 (B1-B7) are generated between 2:30 and 6:30; class B9 is estimated to be at 8:15. Colored circles show the tracked nuclei (see Materials and methods).
Movie 3. Computer simulation of phase shifts between Tc-eve transcript and Tc-EVE protein distributions in the blastoderm. Upper panel represents Tc-eve mRNA expression in the blastoderm, similar to Movie 1 (mRNA expression in red; the frequency gradient, thick black line). The middle panel represents Tc-EVE protein distribution (shown in green), and was produced by introducing a delay of 4×10−4 unit time relative to Tc-eve mRNA expression. The merge of Tc-eve expression and Tc-EVE distribution is shown in the lower panel; yellow represents the overlap between them. Note the progressive decrease in the phase shift between Tc-eve mRNA and Tc-EVE protein. The phase shift in more mature stripes is smaller than that in younger stripes. Anterior to the left. The simulation was performed using Matlab (see supplementary material Appendix S1).