Table ST1: Details of microsatellite markers used in thestudy. References: BhagavatulaJ, Singh L(2006)Genotypingfaecal samples of Bengal tigerPanthera tigris tigris forpopulation estimation: apilot study. BMC Genet 7:48 Menotti-Raymond M, David VA, Lyons LA et al (1999)A geneticlinkagemap of microsatellites in thedomesticcat (Felis catus). Genomics 57:9–23 Table ST2: Effectiveno. ofmigrants. Contemporarymeasures of Nem areabovethe diagonal (calculated in GENEPOP), and historicmeasures ofNem arebelow the diagonal (calculated from MIGRATE). Effectiveno. migrants Satpura Melghat Pench Kanha Satpura -- 2.6 5.3 3.1 Melghat 5.5 -- 3.3 4.7 Pench 8.7 5.0 -- 2.8 Kanha 7.9 4.2 5.3 -- Locus Reference Speciesisolated Chromosomeno Forward Reverse E7 Bhagavatula&Singh2006 Tigers - NA- GCCCCAAAGCCCTAAAATAA GCATGTCGGACAGTAAAGCA FCA008 Menotti-Raymondetal1999 Domesticcat A1 ACTGTAAATTTCTGAGCTGGCC TGACAGACTGTTCTGGGTATGG FCA126 Menotti-Raymondetal2000 Domesticcat B1 GCCCCTGATACCCTGAATG CTATCCTTGCTGGCTGAAGG FCA279 Menotti-Raymondetal2001 Domesticcat C1 AGCCAAGTAATATTCCTCTGTG GTCCATCCGCAGATGAATG FCA304 Menotti-Raymondetal2002 Domesticcat A2 TCATTGGCTACCACAAAGTAGG CTGCATGCCATTGGGTAAC FCA672 Menotti-Raymondetal2003 Domesticcat F2 AAGTTGCTTGCACACACTGC TCCAAGAGCCTTTTCAGTTAGG F42 Menotti-Raymondetal2004 Domesticcat A1 CCCACGTGGCTAATCAAAT CACTGCACAAATTAAGAGGC