Table A Changes from baseline at one month in separate groups. Values are means (95% confidence intervals)
| Outcome | Whole cohort (n=269) | Booklet + low sodium salt + prompts (n=32) | Booklet + low sodium salt (n=32) | Booklet + prompts (n=40) | Booklet (n=38) | Prompts + low sodium salt (n=31) | Low sodium salt (n=30) | Prompts (n=31) | Control (n=35) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg)*: | |||||||||
| Systolic (n=268) | − 3.3 (− 1.8 to 4.9) | − 0.71 (− 6.0 to 4.6) | − 4.8 (− 0.15 to − 9.40) | − 1.9 (− 5.7 to 1.8) | − 4.2 (− 7.6 to − 0.85) | 0.19 (− 4.5 to 4.9) | − 6.0 (− 12 to 0.24) | − 3.2 (− 8.2 to 1.9) | − 6.0 (− 10.3 to − 1.8) |
| Diastolic (n=268) | − 2.9 (− 1.9 to − 3.9) | − 3.9 (− 0.4 to 7.4) | − 4.6 (− 7.96 to − 1.14) | − 1.1 (− 3.8 to 1.6) | − 2.4 (− 4.7 to − 0.21) | − 1.9 (− 5.1 to 1.3) | − 1.9 (− 5.1 to 1.3) | − 4.0 (− 6.8 to − 1.3) | − 3.9 (− 6.7 to − 1.1) |
| Weight (kg) (n=264) | − 0.31 (− 0.07 to 0.54) | − 0.42 (0.32 to − 1.17) | − 0.19 (− 0.84 to 0.46) | − 0.28 (− 0.80 to 0.23) | 0.33 (− 0.44 to 1.1) | − 0.62 (− 1.4 to 0.14) | − 0.39 (− 0.98 to 0.20) | − 0.86 (− 01.6 to 0.15) | − 0.15 (− 0.85 to 0.55) |
| Cholesterol:HDL ratio (n=246) | − 0.04 (− 0.12 to 0.05) | − 0.01 (0.24 to − 0.26) | 0.10 (− 0.05 to 0.24) | 0.12 (− 0.13 to 0.36) | − 0.14 (− 0.33 to 0.06) | − 0.15 (− 0.47 to 0.16) | − 0.03 (− 0.30 to 0.24) | − 0.22 (− 0.60 to 0.16) | 0.03 (− 0.22 to 0.28) |
| Low density lipoprotein (n=204) | − 0.07 (− 0.14 to 0.01) | − 0.13 (− 0.35 to 0.10) | − 0.03 (− 0.24 to 0.17) | 0.01 (− 0.19 to 0.21) | − 0.11 (− 0.29 to 0.06) | − 0.11 (− 0.37 to 0.15) | 0.11 (− 0.14 to 0.35) | − 0.20 (− 0.42 to 0.02) | 0.05 (− 0.28 to 0.16) |
| Carotenoid concentration (mmol/l) (n=235) | 100 (50 to 151) | 192 (− 33 to 418) | 50 (− 72 to 173) | 126 (− 18 to 270) | 139 (− 7 to 286) | 39 (− 79 to 156) | − 18 (− 107 to 71) | 68 (− 100 to 236) | 180 (62 to 300) |
| Na:K ratio (n=260) | − 0.31 (− 0.14 to − 0.48) | − 0.60 (− 1.27 to 0.08) | − 0.37 (− 0.83 to 0.08) | 0.19 (− 0.24 to 0.62) | − 0.27 (− 0.64 to 0.10) | − 0.47 (− 1.04 to 0.10) | − 0.46 (− 1.1 to 0.14) | 0.06 (− 0.40 to 0.28) | 0.57 (− 1.13 to − 0.08) |
| Food frequency questionnaire: | |||||||||
| Total fat (g/day )(n=219) | − 12.1 (− 6.2 to 18.1) | − 25.4 (− 9.3 to − 41.4) | − 9.0 (− 21.9 to 4.0) | − 16.4 (− 33.8 to 0.9) | − 3.2 (− 19.7 to 13.2) | − 23.6 (− 44.0 to − 3.2) | − 19.4 (− 4.1 to − 34.6) | − 11.6 (− 28.0 to 4.8) | 9.7 (− 12 to 31) |
| % energy from fat (n=202) | − 3.1 (− 2.0 to − 4.1) | − 4.7 (− 8.9 to − 0.53) | − 2.9 (− 5.1 to − 0.68) | − 3.4 (− 5.7 to − 1.0) | − 2.3 (− 4.8 to 0.25) | − 4.3 (− 7.9 to − 0.59) | − 1.2 (− 4.9 to 2.6) | − 3.4 (− 7.1 to 0.26) | − 2.7 (− 0.28 to − 5.13) |
| Non-starch polysaccharide (g/day) (n=202) | 1.4 (0.2 to 2.6) | 4.1 (1.3 to 6.9) | 2.3 (− 1.9 to 6.5) | 0.85 (− 1.9 to 3.6) | 2.0 (− 1.9 to 5.9) | 0.13 (− 3.9 to 3.7) | − 3.2 (− 6.7 to 0.35) | 3.9 (0.64 to 7.2) | 1.5 (− 1.7 to 4.7) |
| Fruit and vegetables (g/day) (n=219) | 90 (56 to 123) | 170 (95 to 246) | 42 (− 86 to 169) | 124 (48 to 201) | 82 (12 to 152) | 97 (11 to 183) | − 80 (− 166 to 6) | 220 (90 to 348) | 63 (− 31 to 157) |
| Anxiety (hospital anxiety and depression scale) (n=219) | 0.07 (− 0.14 to 0.29) | − 0.33 (− 1.2 to 0.52) | 0.43 (− 0.10 to 0.96) | − 0.65 (− 1.1 to 0.19) | 0.72 (0.16 to 1.3) | 0.30 (− 0.24 to 0.85) | 0.48 (− 0.29 to 1.2) | − 0.26 (− 1.0 to 0.53) | − 0.08 (− 0.60 to 0.45) |
HDL=high density lipoprotein.
Numbers for outcomes vary due to missing values.
Table B Changes from baseline at six months in separate groups. Values are means (95% confidence intervals)
| Outcome | Whole cohort (n=245) | Booklet + low sodium salt + prompts (n=28) | Booklet + low sodium salt (n=27) | Booklet + prompts (n=36) | Booklet (n=37) | Prompts + low sodium salt (n=30) | Low sodium salt (n=30) | Prompts (n=27) | Control (n=30) |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg): | |||||||||
| Systolic (n=244) | − 5.0 (− 3.1 to 7.0) | − 4.0 (− 8.7 to − 0.56) | − 3.7 (− 9.6 to 2.3) | − 5.2 (− 10.4 to − 0.03) | − 3.5 (− 8.3 to 1.3) | − 2.5 (− 8.5 to 3.59) | − 6.4 (− 0.52 to − 12.3) | − 4.7 (− 12.6 to 3.1) | − 10.3 (− 15.8 to − 4.8) |
| Diastolic (n=244) | − 3.2 (− 4.3 to − 2.1) | − 2.1 (− 4.2 to 0.0) | − 2.0 (− 5.6 to 1.6) | − 3.6 (− 6.5 to − 0.69) | − 4.4 (− 4.7 to 0.95) | − 2.8 (− 6.7 to 0.97) | − 1.7 (− 5.2 to 1.8) | − 3.3 (− 7.2 to 0.65) | − 5.1 (− 8.2 to − 2.0) |
| Weight (kg) (n=240) | − 0.31 (− 0.86 to 0.23) | 0.00 (− 1.54 to 1.54) | 0.98 (− 2.3 to 4.3) | − 1.8 (− 3.26 to − 0.37) | 0.39 (− 0.48 to 1.3) | − 0.58 (− 1.7 to 0.55) | − 0.42 (− 1.7 to 0.80) | − 1.1 (− 2.8 to 0.63) | 0.20 (− 0.54 to 0.93) |
| Cholesterol:HDL ratio (n=246) | − 0.03 (− 0.13 to 0.06) | − 0.01 (− 0.28 to 0.26) | 0.20 (− 0.07 to 0.47) | − 0.03 (− 0.23 to 0.30) | − 0.15 (− 0.38 to 0.08) | − 0.16 (− 0.50 to 0.17) | − 0.21 (− 0.47 to 0.05) | − 0.16 (− 0.44 to 0.11) | 0.30 (0.03 to 0.56) |
| Low density lipoprotein (n=204) | 0.00 (− 0.08 to 0.08) | − 0.14 (− 0.40 to 0.11) | 0.07 (− 0.21 to 0.36) | − 0.09 (− 0.29 to 0.10) | − 0.05 (− 0.29 to 0.18) | 0.10 (− 0.12 to 0.32) | 0.11 (− 0.12 to 0.35) | − 0.05 (− 0.33 to 0.24) | 0.09 (− 0.19 to 0.37) |
| Carotenoid concentration (mmol/l) (n=235) | 130 (58 to 202) | 106 (− 141 to 353) | 124 (− 3 to 251) | 263 (56 to 470) | 143 (− 63 to 349) | 156 (− 30 to 342) | 35 (− 226 to 296) | 137 (− 131 to 404) | 39 (− 140 to 218) |
| Na:K ratio (n=260) | − 0.21 (− 0.39 to − 0.03) | − 0.15 (− 0.84 to 0.54) | − 0.32 (− 0.74 to 0.09) | 0.22 (− 0.35 to 0.78) | − 0.41 (− 0.88 to 0.06) | − 0.36 (− 0.78 to 0.07) | − 0.22 (− 0.77 to 0.32) | 0.18 (− 0.28 to 0.62) | − 0.56 (− 1.2 to 0.08) |
| Food frequency questionnaire: | |||||||||
| Total fat (g/day) (n=219) | − 9.6 (− 15.8 to − 3.3) | − 17.4 (− 32.7 to − 2.0) | 4.3 (− 14.0 to 5.5) | − 20.9 (− 36.4 to − 5.5) | − 7.5 (− 26.9 to 11.9) | − 18.1 (− 36.0 to − 0.2) | 0.33 (− 27.9 to 27.3) | − 0.99 (− 24.5 to 22.5) | − 4.4 (− 15.0 to 6.2) |
| % energy from fat (n=202) | − 2.4 (− 1.3 to − 3.5) | − 3.4 (− 0.40 to − 6.4) | − 2.5 (− 5.7 to 0.8) | − 4.0 (− 2.2 to − 5.9) | − 0.03 (− 2.9 to 2.9) | − 3.2 (− 6.9 to 0.55) | − 1.2 (− 5.3 to 2.8) | − 2.0 (− 5.6 to 1.8) | − 2.9 (− 6.3 to 0.53) |
| Non-starch polyssacharide (g/day) (n=202) | 1.2 (− 0.01 to 2.3) | 3.1 (0.45 to 5.7) | 1.3 (− 1.5 to 4.1) | 1.5 (− 1.4 to 4.4) | − 0.22 (− 3.5 to 3.1) | − 0.43 (− 4.5 to 3.6) | 0.57 (− 4.7 to 3.6) | 4.9 (1.1 to 8.7) | 0.82 (− 3.0 to 4.6) |
| Fruit and vegetables (g/day) (n=219) | 86 (53 to 119) | 156 (65 to 246) | 66 (− 62 to 194) | 122 (36 to 210) | 127 (58 to 196) | 6 (− 78 to 66) | 42 (− 150 to 66) | 183 (74 to 292) | 80 (− 20 to 181) |
| Anxiety (hospital anxiety and depression scale) (n=202) | 0.0 (− 0.25 to 0.24) | − 0.38 (− 1.3 to 0.51) | 0.20 (− 0.55 to 0.95) | − 0.30 (− 0.97 to 0.37) | 0.83 (0.21 to 1.5) | − 0.13 (− 0.73 to 0.47) | − 0.05 (− 0.90 to 0.80) | − 0.09 (− 0.75 to 0.56) | − 0.31 (− 0.97 to 0.36) |
HDL=high density lipoprotein.
Numbers for outcomes vary due to missing values.