Table 3. PCR targets and primers used in screening poultry litter

Target	Primer sequences (5'-3')	Detection limit (copies)*	Amplicon size, bp	References
16S	1369F: CGG TGA ATA CGT TCY CGG 1492R: GGW TAC CTT GTT ACG ACT T	100	142	1
sul1	F: TTG GGG CTT CCG CTA TTG GTC T R: GGG TTT CCG AGA AGG TGA TTG C	1	187	This study
intI1	F: CCT CCC GCA CGA TGA TC R: TCC ACG CAT CGT CAG GC	10	280	2
qacED 1	F: AAG TAA TCG CAA CAT CCG R: AAA GGC AGC AAT TAT GAG	10	250	2
aadA	F: GTA CGG CTC CGC AGT GGA R: GCG CTG CCA TTC TCC AAA	1	244	This study
intI2	F: ACG GCT ACC CTC TGT TAT C R: TTA TTG CTG GGA TTA GGC	10	233	3
tnsB	F: TGA GGT TGT GCT ATT TGA TAA R: AGA ATC TAC AGA CGG CTC TTC	10	205	This study

*One Escherichia coli genome = 10 fg DNA; other genes are at single copy in all standard strains employed. Standard strains used were E. coli SK1592 (R100) and E. coli J53::Tn7.

1. Suzuki, M. T., Taylor, L. T. & DeLong, E. F. (2000) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 4605-4614.

2. Bass, L., Liebert, C. A., Lee, M.D., Summers, A. O., White, D. G., Thayer, S. G. & Maurer, J. J. (1999) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43, 2925-2929.

3. Goldstein, C., Lee, M. D., Sanchez, S., Hudson, C., Phillips, B., Register, B., Grady, M., Liebert, C., Summers, A. O., White, D. G. & Maurer, J. J. (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45, 723-726.