AnimaliaHymenopteraFigitidaevan NoortSimonBuffingtonMatthew L.ForshageMattiasAfrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)Zookeys1420152015493117610.3897/zookeys.493.6353 Phaenoglyphis Förster, 1869Remarks.

Not uncommon in South Africa.

Diagnosis.

Similar to Alloxysta, but usually with a habitus more resembling other figitids. Easily recognised among charipines through the possession of a mesopleural carina.

Phaenoglyphis species (South Africa). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorso-lateral view C pronotum, dorso-anterior view.

Distribution.

Worldwide, but most abundant in Holarctic. Afrotropical records: South Africa (Gaston et al. 2003). Seemingly introduced.

Biology.

Hyperparasitoids attacking aphelinid and aphidiine wasps on aphids (Kierych 1979; Quinlan and Evenhuis 1980; Fergusson 1986).

Species richness.

Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig, 1841) (Xystus) (South Africa; this species is widespread throughout the world (Pujade-Villar et al. 2007)

GastonKJJonesAGHänelCChownSL (2003) Rates of species introduction to a remote oceanic island.Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences270: 1091–1098.KierychE (1979) Notes on the genera Dilyta Förster, 1869, and Glyptoxysta Thomson, 1877 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Alloxystidae) part 1.Annales Zoologici34: 453–460.QuinlanJEvenhuisHH (1980) Status of the subfamily names Charipinae and Alloxystinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae).Systematic Entomology5: 427–430. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.1980.tb00426.xFergussonNDM (1986) Charipidae, Ibaliidae & Figitidae: Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea.Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, vol 8, pt 1c. London, 1–55.