AnimaliaHymenopteraFigitidaevan NoortSimonBuffingtonMatthew L.ForshageMattiasAfrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)Zookeys1420152015493117610.3897/zookeys.493.6353 Pycnostigmus Cameron, 1905Remarks.

Revised by Buffington and van Noort (2007).

Diagnosis.

Within the Afrotropical region, Pycnostigmus can be confused with Tylosema. However, Pycnostigmus species lack notauli on the mesoscutum, an easily observable and reliable character. Outside the Afrotropical region, Pycnostigmus is more readily confused with Trjapitziniola; presently, this latter taxon is only known from the Palearctic region (Armenia, UAE), but it may be present in the Afrotropical region.

Pycnostigmus rostratus (South Africa). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorsal view C head, anterior view.

Distribution.

Endemic to South Africa (Buffington and van Noort 2007).

Biology.

Hosts unknown. The phylogeny of Buffington et al. (2012) suggest the host might be a gall-inducing hymenopteran.

Species richness.

Pycnostigmus fossilensis Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)

Pycnostigmus hoerikwaggoensis Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)

Pycnostigmus incognito Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)

Pycnostigmus mastersonae Buffington & van Noort, 2007 (South Africa)

Pycnostigmus rostratus Cameron, 1905 (South Africa)

BuffingtonMLvan NoortS (2007) A world revision of the Pycnostigminae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) with descriptions of seven new species.Zootaxa1392: 1–30.BuffingtonMLBradySMoritaSvan NoortS (2012) Divergence estimates and early evolutionary history of Figitidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea).Systematic Entomology37: 287–304. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00617.x