- IPNI: Afrotysonia pilosicaulis R.R.Mill -- Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 43(3): 472. 1986 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Holotype: Tanzania: Ufipa distr., Sumbawanga, Mbesi forest, in very rough grassland, stem leaves broad, calyx greyish, hairy, flowers white, 2400m, 13.3.1957, H.M.Richards 8679 (K) [from protologue] *
- IPNI: Anchusa zeylanica Vahl ex Hornem. -- Hort. Bot. Hafn. i. 176. 1813 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum zeylanicum (Lehm.) Brand
- STATUS: nom. illeg. [homonym]
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Myosotis zeylanica Lehm.1817
≡ Echinospermum zeylanicum (Lehm.) Lehm. 1818
≡ Cynoglossum denticulatum var. zeylanicum (Lehm.) Clarke 1883
≡ Cynoglossum zeylanicum (Lehm.) Brand 1915 - BASIS: Original material: in Herb. Vahl asservatur sub nomine Anch. zeylanicae [from protologue]. Holotype: C (foto in Kew Bull. 43: 344. 1988); probable isotype: [Sri Lanka] ad littora maris solo arenoso inter Gale et Mature, Koenig, L (foto in Kew Bull.43: 346. 1988)
- COMMENTS: First published as a nom. nud. in Hornem., Enum. Pl. Hort. Hafn. 1807 (not seen; see Verdcourt in Kew Bull. 43: 343. 1988); then with a minimal description in 1813. Anchusa zeylanica J. Jacq., Ecl. Pl. Rar.: 47. 1812, might perhaps be considered as an earlier isonym rather than homonym, as its protologue includes reference to the holotype of the to-be A. zeylanica Hornem.; but as Jacquin’s correlated illustration (l.c.: t. 29), the currently accepted lectotype, is an entirely different plant (Bothriospermum zeylanicum (J. Jacq.) Druce), treating the two names as independent is the better answer. Two specimens in C (C10008678*, C10008679*) declared to be types of Anchusa zeylanica are not from the Vahl Herbarium and belong to Bothriospermum. They are original material for A. tenella Hornem. (B. tenellum (Hornem.) Fisch. & C. A. Mey.), a taxonomic synonym of B. zeylanicum.
- IPNI: Cerinthopsis Kotschy ex Paine -- Palestine Explor. Soc. Third Statem. 114. 1875 [Jan 1875] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: gen. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Type [probably first designated on ING card, date 1996-02-09]: Cerinthopsis foliosa Paine
- COMMENTS: Cerinthopsis originally comprised two species, one described at length, the second briefly diagnosed; but the only descriptive statement referring to the genus reads: “By the addition of this species Cerinthopsis is confirmed as a good genus, differing from Solenanthus chiefly in the stamens.” The stamens are not explicitly mentioned in the description of Cerinthopsis foliosa, but the anthers are (“antheris linearibus fauci corollae insertis subsessilibus lobis aequilongis”), so that by a generous interpretation of the rules one can accept the generic name (and with it the two binomials) as validly published.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Cynoglossum cheirifolium L.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Cynoglossum divaricatum Steph. ex Lehm.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Lappula Moench
- STATUS: stat. nov. [genus to subdivison of genus]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: not designatedBasionym: Lappula Moench
- COMMENTS: Published without stated rank as one of four “subdivisiones” (a term here used colloquially, not as rank designator). No reference is made to the basionym, but the type of both names is the same (see ICN Art. 22.6) and the subdivisional epithet coincides with the generic name, indicating Wallroth’s intent (ICN Art. 41.4).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: no name [ICN Art. 35.2]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: Regel & Smirn. described an unnamed “sectio II” with Lindelofia Lehm. as synonym.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Omphalodes Mill.
- STATUS: taxon nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type (ICN Art. 22.6): Cynoglossum omphaloides L. (Omphalodes verna Moench, nom. illeg., nom. cons. prop.)
- COMMENTS: Published without stated rank as one of four “subdivisiones” (a term here used colloquially, not as rank designator) of Cynoglossum. Validated by its own description. Might be regarded as a replacement name (nom. nov.) for the homotypic Omphalodes Mill. (1754), except for the fact that the latter was not then typified as yet. Raised to generic rank as Omphalium (Wallr.) Roth (1827).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: subg. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Cynoglossum viridiflorum Pall.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: comb. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Basionym [implicit]: Omphalodes sect. Paracaryum A. DC.
- COMMENTS: Kerner's opinion to reduce Paracaryum to Cynoglossum sect. Paracaryum, but apparently no formal combination. Sentence in subjunctive.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: nom. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Replaced synonym: Rindera Pall.
- COMMENTS: Published without stated rank as one of four “subdivisiones” (a term here used colloquially, not as rank designator). Best regarded as a replacement name (nom. nov.) for the homotypic Rindera Pall., the types being the same (see ICN Art. 22.6).
- IPNI: Cynoglossum aequinoctiale T.C.E.Fr. -- Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 416. 1923 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Specimen originale: Rob. E. et Th. C. E. Fries n. 303 in museo botanico Upsaliensi [fig. 6] … Britisch Ost-Afrika: W.-Lenya Forest Station auf der Themeda-Steppe ca 2300 m. ü. d. M. Mit Frucht am 25. Dezember 1921 [+ 1 paratype] [from protologue]— [Fig. 6.]. Holotype: UPS *; isotypes: BR (BR0000008865335*), S (S11-34494*)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum albanicum Degen & Bald. -- Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. vi. 337. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Solenanthus albanicus (Degen & Bald.) Degen & Bald. 1903 - BASIS: Original material: In aridis alpestribus ad fontem Bocikopoulon distr. Pogoni, ubi fructiferam die 8 Julii detexi! Num. collect. 188. [from protologue]. Hab. In Epiro boreali. In aridis alpestribus ad fontem Bocikipoulon district. Pogoni die 8 Juli 1896 fructiferum detexit amiciss. Dr. Ant. Baldacci (exsicc, ex itinere albanico – [epirotico] quarto 1896 No. 188.) [Degen in Magyar Bot. Lapok 2: 315. 1903]. Syntypes : BM (BM000752673), FI?, WU (WU0043275) *
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J.R.Drumm. -- Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906(6): 202. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: China. Yunnan, Maengtsze, Hancock 133; Szemao, 1350 m., Henry, 9365; Szecuan, Tatsienlu, Soulié, 861; 2700–4050 m., Pratt, 887; without precise locality, cultivated and communicated by Max Leichtlin [from protologue]. Lectotype (Verdcourt in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boragin.: 104. 1991): Hancock 133 (K); isotypes: BM, C, GH, HK, LE, NY, OXF, P, US
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J. R. Drumm.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cultivated at Kew … grown as an annual … sown in April 1947 [from protologue]. Original specimens: A (A00096678*), E (E00288407*, E00288408*), G (G00177266*), K, US (US00110903*, US01013752*). Lectotype (to be designated elsewhere by König et al.): Herbarium experimental grounds, K. 2492, seed from Ceylon, 15 July 1947, anon. (K)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J.R.Drumm. f. ruberum X.D.Dong -- Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 17(2): 141. 1997 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J. R. Drumm.]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Holotype gathering: Yunnan: Dali, Cangshan, alt. 2100m, 20 Jun. 1994, Dong Xiao–dong, No.[0089], 0090 (Typus in Herb. Department of Biology, Dali Teacher's college, Yunnan) [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Two specimens are designated as holotype, but as they are obviously part of the same gathering (same taxon, same locality, same date, same collector) and are kept in the same institution, the name is validly published (ICN Art. 40.2 & 6–7). The diagnosis refers to “floribus rubris” (not “ruberis”), so that the original spelling of the epithet is considered a correctable (orthographical or typographical) error.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum amplifolium Hochst. ex DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 149. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (species accepted)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: (Hochst.! pl. Schimp. abyss. sect. 2. n. 564) in mediâ regione montium Abyssiniae [from protologue]. Holotype: Ethiopia, between Endschetcap and Schoata, Schimper 564 (G-DC); isotypes: BM, BR*, HBG*, K*, L*, M*, MPU*, S*, UPS, W*
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Mattia punctata]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum asperrimum Nakai -- Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1923, xxxvii. 6. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracynoglossum asperrimum (Nakai) Popov 1953 - BASIS: Original material: Quelpaert: Hallasan (T. Nakai); Corea. In insula Hokitsuto (T. Nakai); Kiusiu: Wakasugiyama prov. Chikuzen (K.Nagano); Shikoku: Koyabiramura prov. Awa (J.Nikai n. 1331); Hondo: Nikko prov. Shimotsuke (J. Matsumura). Aidzu prov. Iwashiro (R.Yatabe et J. Matsamura). Usuitoge prov. Shinano (J. Matsamura). Sone prov. Rikuzen (Y. Yabe). ontake prov. Shinano (G. Koidzumi); Yeso: Hakodate prov. Oshima (Baehmer) [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum asperrimum Nakai]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Yeso: Moiwa prov. Ishikari (T.Nakai). Sapporo (K. Miyabe) Yubarisan (G. Koidzumi). Jyozankei (J. Matsamura). Asahigawa (G. Koidzumi) [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
Cynoglossum berteroi Colla, Herb. Pedem. 4: 256. 1835 [Aug]; & in Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino 38: 129. 1835 [Nov-Dec]
(‘berteri’)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum birkinshawii J.S.Mill. -- Adansonia ser. 3, 27(1): 115 (-118; figs. 1-2). 2005 [30 Jun 2005]
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Birkinshaw 915, Madagascar, Prov. Antsiranana, Tsaratanana Massif, Mahatsabory Mica, 12 km N of Mangindrano, around dried-up lake and adjacent mid-elevation humid evergreen forest, 2050 m, 14°09’09”S, 48°57’21”E, fl., 15 Oct. 2001 (holo-, MO!, iso-, TAN), + several paratypes [from protologue]. Holotype: MO (MO5789723*); isotype: TAN
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum borbonicum Bory]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in Mauritio aut Borbonia (A. DC. v. s. comm. a Mus. par.) [from protologue]. Holotype: G-DC (G00205655)
- COMMENTS: The reference to Mauritius is incorrect: the species is endemic to La Réunion (Borbonia).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum borbonicum Bory]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: La Réunion, Plaine des Cafres [from Bory, Voy. Iles Afrique 2: 382. 1804]; (v. s. cum fl. et fr.) [from protologue]. Type specimens in G-DC*
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum borbonicum Bory]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: La Réunion, Plaine des Cafres [from Bory, Voy. Iles Afrique 2: 382. 1804].(v. s. sine fr. maturo) [from protologue]. Type specimens in G-DC*
- IPNI: Cynoglossum boreale Fernald -- Rhodora 7: 250. 1905 (GCI)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (“Cynoglossum” virginianum subsp. boreale (Fernald) A. Haines)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum virginianum var. boreale (Fernald) Cooperr. 1984
≡ Cynoglossum virginianum subsp. boreale (Fernald) A. Haines 2010 - BASIS: Original material: Quebec, beneath Larix in sandy alluvial woods. Little Cascapedia River, July 17, 1905 Williams, Collins & Fernald): New Brunswick, gorge of Aroostook River, July 17, 1902 (Williams, Collins & Fernald): Maine, woods, Orono, June 17, 1873 (F. Lamson-Scribner), June 5, 1898 (E. D. Merrill); open woods. South Chesterville, June 23, 1902 (Z. O. Eaton); Harrison (A. P. Chute): New Hampshire, Franconia, June 16, 1886, June 14, 1887 (E. & C. E. Faxon): Vermont, Bristol, May 26, 1898, and woods near Lake Dunmore, Salisbury, June 2, 1898 (E. Brainerd): New York, Salamanca (G. W. Clinton): Michigan, Sault Ste. Marie, June, 1831 (Houghton); Copper Harbor, August, 1885 (O. A. Farwell, no. 295): Ontario, sandy woods, Nipigon River, July 3, 1884 (J. Macoun): British Columbia, Donald, Columbia Valley, July 3, 1885 (J. Macoun) [from protologue]. Syntypes: GH (GH00096670*, GH00096671*), etc.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: An unbebauten und Schuttstellen. Časlau, 1807, Opiz [from protologue]
- IPNI: Cynoglossum canescens Willd. -- Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 1: 180. 1809 [Apr 1809] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain [“Cynoglossum” lanceolatum Forssk.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum hispidum Jacq. ex Desf.1815, nom. illeg. - BASIS: Original material: in India orientali. C. [grown in hothouse] [from protologue]. Original specimens: B-W (B-W03335-01-0*, B-W03335-01-0*); Verdcourt (in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boragin.: 112. 1991)
- COMMENTS: In synonymy, Willdenow cited Cynoglossum micranthum Desf. [inval.] and “C. hispidum Jacquin” which does not existed. The latter citation is an error for “Cynoglossum hirsutum sensu Jacquin” and may be taken to refer to Jacquin’s illustration (Hort. Schoenbrunn.: t. 489. 1804), which is also original material for Willdenow’s name. The type designated by Verdcourt (in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boragin.: 112. 1991), however, is not original material and has no standing.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: C. pictum, F. F. Iparraguirre, hb. Habitat in dumetis. – Lecta Guadalajara. – 17 Maj. 1878. F. Fernández, in schedula [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: The epithet is a spelling variant of zeylanicum, subsequently validated in various combinations; see Anchusa zeylanica Vahl ex Hornem. (1813).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum cheirifolium subsp. heterocarpum (Kunze) Font Quer]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in incultis littoris rhiphaei, pr. Marsa Saguira; Font Quer 493 [from protologue]. Isotype: MPU (MPU006272*)
- COMMENTS: Validly published on printed herbarium label (ICN Art. 29.1 & 30.7).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum cheirifolium L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: trouvée à Nismes [from protologue]. Holotype: G-DC (G00205645 p.p., dissected flowers in bag)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum mathezii Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: comb. & stat. nov. [species to variety]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Basionym: Anchusa lanata L.
- COMMENTS: Published in the format: Cynoglossum cheirifolium β Anchusa (lanata), correctable as above under ICN Art. 24.4.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum cheirifolium subsp. heterocarpum (Kunze) Font Quer]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Callitriaies et chênaies du Grand Atlas occidental chez les Ida-ou-Tanan, sur calcaire, 1200–1600 m, en fleurs en avril [from protologue]. Holotype: MPU (MPU003681*)
- COMMENTS: Authorship of the name ascribed to “Maire & Wilczek” on type label.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum coeruleum Hochst. ex DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 148. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (species accepted)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracynoglossum afrocaeruleum R. R. Mill 1984, nom. illeg.
≡ Cynoglossum afrocaeruleum Riedl 1985, nom. illeg. - BASIS: Original material: in agris Abyssiniae; pl. Schimper abyss. sect. 2. n. 542 [from protologue]. Lectotype (Mill Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb.: 481. 1984) Ethiopia, Endschedcap, Schimper 542, G-DC (G00202098*); isolectotypes: BM (BM000930344*), BR (BR0000008359049*), K (K000418927*), S (S11-34573*), STU (STU000395*)
- COMMENTS: Erroneously believed by Mill & Miller (in Notes Royal Bot Gard. Edin. 41: 474. 1984) to be a later (para)homonym of Cynoglossum caeruleum of Buchanan-Hamilton [pro syn.], which was not validly published.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain [“Cynoglossum” coeruleum subsp. kenyense Verdc.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Ostafrika: zwischen Mairoti und dem ostafrikanischen Graben, überall auf der Hochebene (Winkler n. 4183) [from protologue]. Holotype: B†; isotype: WRSL (fide Verdcourt in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boragin.: 112. 1991)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Rindera columnae (Ten.) Roem. & Schult. 1819
≡ Mattia columnae (Ten.) G. Don 1838 - BASIS: Original material: “B. Encyclop. p. 238. Column. ecphr. pars pr. pag. 178” [from protologue]; referring to (1) an unnamed Cynoglossum cristatum var. ß in Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 238. 1786 and (2) the illustration of Cynoglossa altera media fructu κοτυλώδης siue λυχνιώδης, mont. in Colonna, Ekphr. 1: 178. 1606. This illustration, also cited by Lamarck, is the obvious choice for a type. The lectotype designated by Selvi & Cecchi (in Taxon 58: 621, 2009): “Cynoglossum columnae Ten./in pascuis montanis” Tenore, FI, is hardly appropriate as it was probably collected long after 1811, having been sent to Florence in 1844, and moreover consists of two plants in different stages of development, which probably represent two distinct gatherings
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum columnae Ten.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in saxosis pr. Mon. Korona P[indi]. D[olopici]. [from protologue]. Original specimen: JE (JE00016096*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum nebrodense Guss.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Madonie (Todaro f[lora]. s[icula]. e[xsiccata].), Salto della Botte (Herb. Palermo's), Monte Scalone (Herb. Mina), Ferro soprano (Herb. Mina c. spec.). April-Juni. Dr. Mina und Todaro f. sic. exsicc. Nr. 1224 … auch am M. S. Anelo bei Neapel [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Intended to be based on Cynoglossum nebrodense of Jan (“1826” [1831]) which, however, was not validly published.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Cynoglossum montanum var. asiaticum]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Cynoglossum montanum subvar. natolicum]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum controversum Sennen -- Diagn. Nouv. 159, 197. 1936 [Jul 1936] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum cheirifolium subsp. heterocarpum (Kunze) Font Quer]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum cheirifolium var. controversum (Sennen) Maire 1936 - BASIS: Original material: Maroc: Melilla et Tafersit – Sennen & Mauricio … dans le Rif oriental, et an delà du Muluya (Beni-Snassen) … Du Muluya au Nékor … Hidum, Yazinen, Taurirt, Beni-Sicar, Sidi-Had el Hach, Cabo Tres Forças, Segangan, Muley-Rechid, Beni-Medien; Ain-Zora, Kadia, Dar-Kebdani, dj. Kerker, Berkane, … Taforalt [from protologue]. Syntypes: MPU (MPU008427*, MPU009370*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum creticum Mill.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Maroc: Beni-Sicar; Bco. de Hidum. Abonde à Taforalt, Zegzel (Beni-Snassen) [from protologue]. Syntype: Hidum, Sennen & Mauricio 9487, MPU (MPU009431*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum creticum Mill.]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Maroc oriental: Martimprey du Kiss (A. Faure). Syntypes: Faure s.n., 18.4.1937 MPU (MPU004014*, MPU004015*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum creticum Mill.]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: R. Sidi Mohammed Zekri (F.-Q. et Maire) [from protologue]. Holotype: 21.6.1929, MPU (MPU001215*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum creticum Mill.]
- STATUS: subvar. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: hauptsächlich auf Kreta, wo die typische Form anscheinend fehlt (Sieber, Weiß usw.). Außerdem in Griechenland hin und wieder: Euboea (Beck), Nauplia (Berger), “Napoli di Romaniaˮ (Herb. Zuccarini). Auch in Palästina: Saida (Gaillardot n. 5), Damar (Gaillardot n. 2082), Ghezir (Gaillardot n. 2996) [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: [isonym]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: Even though Lamarck does not mention Schreber’s Cynoglossum cristatum explicitly, the species he so names comprises the two very same elements: Tournefort’s plant from the Orient and, as an unnamed var. β, Colonna’s Italian one.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum cristatum Schreb. -- Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 3: 476. 1767; Lam. Tabl. Encyc. 1: 400. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Omphalodes cristata (Schreb.) Schrank 1812
≡ Rindera cristata (Schreb.) Roem. & Schult. 1819
≡ Mattia cristata (Schreb.) G. Don 1838
≡ Paracaryum cristatum (Schreb.) Boiss. 1856
≡ Mattiastrum cristatum (Schreb.) Brand 1915 - BASIS: Original material: In montibus Vulvensium, prope oppidum Anversan, inque Oriente locis saxosis apricis … Column. Ecphras. I. p. 177, t. 178.b. … Moris. Hist. 3. p. 449. S. II. t. 30. f. 7. ex Columna … Cynoglossum orientale, buglossi folio fructo umbilicato, cristato, Tournef. cor. 7 Original specimen: M (M0174163*)
- COMMENTS: Schreber’s species comprised two discordant elements: Tournefortʼs plant from the Orient of which Schreber had a specimen, presumably through Gundelsheimer, and the plant from Anversa degli Abruzzi illustrated by Colonna, which subsequently became the basis of Cynoglossum columnae Ten. (1811). In conformity with generally accepted practice, the former is to be regarded as the type.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum wallichii G. Don]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Ejusd. [Edgeworth] N. 390 partim [in Emodi apricis inter 4 et 10 000 ped. alt.] [from protologue]. Holotype: G-DC (G00205540*)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum furcatum Wall. -- Roxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. ii. 6 (1824). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: A native of Nepala, and from thence introduced in 1818 into the Bontanic Garden where it blossoms during the rainy season [from protologue]. Lectotype (Verdcourt in Kew Bull. 43: 347. 1988, as “holotype”): Wallich 919.2, herb. Wallich, K; isotypes: A (A00096679*), BM (BM001124577*), E (E00288392*) G-DC (G00205533*)
- COMMENTS: The initials “N.W.” at the end of the last paragraph of the description on page 7 demonstrate Wallich’s authorship (see also TL-2 #9724, Note).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum furcatum Wall.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Mussooree [from protologue]
- IPNI: Cynoglossum geometricum Baker & C.H.Wright -- Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 4(2.1): 52. 1905 [Dec 1905] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (“Cynoglossum” lanceolatum subsp. geometricum (Baker & C. H. Wright) Brand)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum lanceolatum subsp. geometricum (Baker & C. H. Wright) Brand 1921
≡ Paracynoglossum geometricum (Baker & C. H. Wright) R. R. Mill 1984 - BASIS: Original material: Nile Land. Uganda: Ruwenzori,7000 ft., Doggett! British East Africa: between Eldama Ravine and Mau Plateau, 7000--8000 ft., Whyte!; Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Zomba, Purves, 1901! Mount Chiradzulu, Whyte! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 1145 [from protologue]. Lectotype (Hilliard & Burtt in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 43: 348. 1986): Malawi, Mt. Chiradzulu, Whyte, K (K000418916)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum gileadense Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. -- Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 761. 1819 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum apenninum L.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Herb. Willd. [from protologue]. Holotype: B-W
- COMMENTS: The whole paragraph comprising the protologue (i.e., both the name and the diagnosis) is ascribed to “Willd. MSS”; hence the author of the name is Willdenow alone. Roemer & Schultes (l.c.) place Willdenow’s species under Cynoglossum mollissimum Lehm., which was obviously, though not demonstrably, based on the very same specimen. Willdenow’s epithet suggests an origin from Jordanian Gilead, whereas C. mollissimum is said to originate fron “Djilan” (Gilan) in NW Iran: Both provenances are erroneous (see Brand in Engler, Pflanzenr. 78 (IV.252): 154. 1921), but the (wrong) label associated with the type had Gilan, not Gilead.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum glochidiatum Benth. -- Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 306. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum wallichii G. Don]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum wallichii var. glochidiatum (Wall. ex Benth.) Kazmi 1971
≡ Paracynoglossum glochidiatum (Wall. ex Benth.) Valdés 2011 - BASIS: Original material: Wall. Cat. n. 922; C. vesiculosum. Wall. Cat. n. 920. Also the Nepal specimens of C. canescens. Wall. Cat. n. 918 [from protologue]. Syntypes: A (A00096677*), G-DC (G00205527*, G00205528*), GZU (GZU000106063*), K (K000942367, K000942368*), M (M0174199*). Lectotype (to be designated elsewhere by König et al.): [India, West Bengal], “Tundua” [Pundua], F. Del. [F. De Silva], Wallich 922 (K000942368*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Cynoglossum canescens]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Cynoglossum canescens]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossopsis latifolia (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Brand]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Eritrea: Samhar a Salomonà m. 450 c. 10. IV. 1910 (Pappi n. 8672); Assaorta, Valle Avero 5. IV. 1892 (Terracciano e Pappi n. 17); tra Cualo ed Enrot m. 500 c. 18. III. 1893 (Pappi n. 3050); Habab ad Oazat 21. IV. 1909 (Pappi n. 8338) [from protologue]. Syntypes: FT?
- IPNI: Cynoglossum krasniqii Wraber -- Candollea 41(1): 145 (1986). (IK)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [type inappropriate]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: The presumed holotype consists of two specimens belonging to two different gatherings (as defined in ICN Art. 8.2): one in flower collected in April and one in fruit collected in July, and fails to meet the requirements of ICN Art. 40.1-2 for valid publication. The name does not appear to have ever been validated. As it is definitely needed, we take the liberty of validating it here in the name of its author.
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- BASIS: Jugoslavija, Srbija, Kosovo: In pratis declivitatis meridionalis montis Paštrik supra vicum Gorožup prope oppidum Prizren. Solo calcareo, 1520 m s.m., 30.4.1983 (flor.), Leg. T. Wraber. Holotype: BEO; isotypes: LJU (LJU 111943 p.p., flowering plant), G (00177124 p.p., flowering plant)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain [“Cynoglossum” lanceolatum Forssk.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Comoren: Ohne nähere Angabe (Humblot n. 97) [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [basionym not cited, ICN Art. 41.5]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: By implication, the intended basionym was Cynoglossum formosanum Nakai.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum lateriflorum Aubr. -- Prog. Morb. x. 25. (IK)
- STATUS: [isonym]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: Macbride (in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 51: 543. 1916) based what he thought to be a new combination on this misapplied name: Omphalodes lateriflora Macbride, an illegitimate name for O. littoralis Lehm. (1818) that it was intended to replace.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum laxum G.Don -- Gen. Hist. iv. 356. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Hackelia uncinata (Royle ex Benth.) C. E. C. Fischer]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: H. [in hothouse]. Native of Emodus and Gosainsthan, in Nipaul. Rindèra glochidàta, Wall. cat. no. 926. Picòtia glochidàta, Wall. mss. [from protologue]. Syntypes: Wallich 926, E (E00288382*), GZU (GZU000106060*), NY (NY00335204*)
- COMMENTS: The protologue of both Cynoglossum laxum and Cynoglossum uncinatum Royle ex Benth. included reference to the gathering(s) Wallich 926, designated as Rindera glochidiata of Wallich; however, the latter also included Royle’s own material, and as the name itself was not cited by Don, nor was it typified as yet, C. laxum is a legitimate name.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum limense Willd. -- Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1(2): 762. 1798 [Jul 1798] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (species accepted)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum decurrens var. limense (Willd.) DC. 1846 - BASIS: Original material: C. foliis nervosas acutissimis. Feuill. Peruv.“1” [2] p. “71” [765] t. 49. Habitat in Lima [from protologue]. Holotype: illustration in Feuillée, J. Obs. 2: t. 49. 1714. An asterisk, in the protologue, indicates that Willdenow saw no specimen
- COMMENTS: According to Johnston (Contr. Gray Herb. 78: 110. 1927) Feuillée found the plant in the “vallée dʼYlo”, near the southern boundary of Peru, not near Lima as Willdenow’s inappropriate specific name would suggest. As the plant has not been reported from within 500 miles of Ylo but from Concepcion (Chile) it is possible that its reputed occurrence there is the result of some confusion.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum lowryanum J.S.Mill. -- Adansonia ser. 3, 27(1): 122 (115; figs. 2-3). 2005 [30 Jun 2005]
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Perrier de la Bâthie 2206, Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, bassin du l’Onive-Mangoro, Forêt d’Andasibe, 1400 m, 18°56’S, 48°25’E, fl., fr., Nov. 1911 (holo-, P!) [from protologue]. Holotype: (P00319882 = PL03494374*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Cynoglossum uncinatum var. laxiflorum]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum macrostylum Bunge -- Lehm. Reliq. Bot. (1847) 236. (IK)
- STATUS: non-existent (bibliographic error)
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: Bunge in 1847 (in Arbeiten Naturf. Vereins Riga 1: 117—253) published only the first part of Lehmann’s Reliquiae. The second part, together with a second edition of the first, was published in 1852 under a different main title (Beitr. Fl. Russl.).
- IPNI: Cynoglossum marifolium Roxb. -- Hort. Bengal. 13 (1814), nomen; Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall., ii. 8 (1824); Fl.Ind., ed. Carey, i. 457 (1832). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Bothriospermum zeylanicum (J. Jacq.) Druce]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: eastern parts of Bengal [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Described without any reference to the earlier Heliotropium marifolium, with which it has been synonymised by general agreement following Clarke (in Hooker, Fl. India 4: 152. 1885). However, Roxburgh’s original description does not readily lend itself to such an interpretation (e.g., flowers borne singly between the leaves; corolla with throat closed by scales). The novel interpretation given above will be justified elsewhere (Greuter, in prep.).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov. [but see comments]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Reverchon exs. l. c. [Plantes d’Espagne] 1903, 1904 y 1905 [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Pau describes this taxon as one of four “pequeñas especies” placed under Cynoglossum valentinum “Lge.”, one of the four being C. valentinum Lag. itself. Two (including the present one) he terms “psp.” (prospecies), rather than species, but as they are coordinate with two species, and all are referred to as “small species” in the preceding paragraph, we consider them to be published as binomials not as ternary (infraspecific) combinations.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain [“Cynoglossum” limense Willd.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in Himalaya and Nilgiri Mountains (?) [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: The reference to Moon (Cat. Pl. Ceylon: 12. 1824) is to a misapplication of the name of a S. American plant (Cynoglossum decurrens Ruiz & Pav.) to a Ceylonese taxon.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum microglochin Royle ex Benth.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Kaschmir: Marganpaß, 3000 m ü. M. (Meebold n. 4181, Herb. Breslau) [from protologue]. Presumed holotype: WRSL
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud., fide Grande in Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli 4: 171. 1913]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum montanum L. -- Demonstr. Pl. 5. 1753 [3 Oct 1753] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossa media altera, virente folio, rubro flore, montana frigidarum regionum. Col. Ecphr. 1. p. 176. t.. 175 [from protologue]. Lectotype (Lacaita in Bull. Orto Bot. Regia Univ. Napoli 3 : 291. 1913): illustration in Colonna, Ekphrasis: 175. 1616 ; epitype (Selvi in Taxon 57: 297. 2008): Abruzzo, radure e margini di faggeta attorno al Lago di Campotosto (Aquila), 1200 m, suolo arenaceo, 23 Jun 2003, Bigazzi & Selvi 03.08 (FI)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum alpinum (Brand) Riedl
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum alpinum (Brand) Riedl 1985 - BASIS: Original material: Abyssinien: auf allen Alpen von 1300 m bis 3500 m ü. M. (Schimper n. 49). Auf Berg Gunna (Schimper n. 1194 vom 15. Sept. 1863). Ohne nähere Angabe (Schimper n. 227). Galla-Gebiet: Ego (Ellenbeck n. 374a); Hararmaja See (Ellenbeck n. 464); Gara Mulata (Ellenbeck n. 549); Schoa: Sequala (Ellenbeck n. 1656) [from protologue]. Lectotype (Riedl in Linzer Biol. Beitr. 17: 318. 1985, as “Holotypus”): Schimper 49, W; paralectotypes: Schimper 227, K (K000418934*), Schimper 1194, K (K000418933*)
- COMMENTS: The designation of Schimper 1194 (K) as lectotype by Burtt, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 43: 345. 1986, being later, has no standing.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum montanum L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: In Vorderasien. In Syrien auf dem Libanon und Antilibanon … am Sannin (Ehrenberg; Kneucker n. 124); im Zedernwalde oberhalb Bscherre (Schweinfurth n. 418; Bornmüller n. 12186). … Pisidien (Heldreich n. 661). Lycien: auf dem Berge Elmalu (Bourgeau). Karien: Tmolus (Boissier). Auf dem Ida (Sintenis n. 689). Bithynien: Keschischdagh (Bornmüller n. 5326). Pontus: Trapezunt (C. Koch). Jildindagh (Bornmüller n. 24 44) usw. Armenien: Kharput: Schuschnas (Sintenis n. 299). Egin (Sintenis n. 2419, fälschlich bestimmt als C. Columnae). Gümüschchane (Sintenis n. 5677). Nördliches Persien: Westlicher Elburs im Tale Lur (Bornmüller n. 7733)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum montanum L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Kurdistan: Mardin: Khurs (Sintenis n. 1053) [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum montanum L.]
- STATUS: subsp. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: More than 20 syntypes cited in the protologue, from peninsular Italy, Croatia, Bosnia, Greece, Hungary, and Caucasia
- COMMENTS: Even though, from the provenance of the cited specimens, the area given, and particularly the choice of epithet, it is abundantly clear that Brand considers this to be the “typical” subspecies of Cynoglossum montanum, he does not explicitly cite either that name itself nor its previously designated type under that subspecies. Therefore C. montanum subsp. linnaeanum, even though for all events and purposes a synonym of subsp. montanum, is a validly published name.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum dioscoridis Vill.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum dioscoridis var. maroccanum (Brand) Maire 1931 - BASIS: Original material: Nordwestafrika: Auf dem Atlas und seinen Vorbergen. Marokko: zwischen Mogador und Marokko (Ball). Gebirge im Südwesten der Stadt Marokko (Ibrahim). Djebel Labgurt (Ibrahim). Im Tale Ait Mesun (Ball): Zweifellos … auch ... Algier: Djurdjura, Behni Sahla, Monzaïa usw. [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum montanum L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum montanum subvar. natolicum (Bornm.) Brand 1921 - BASIS: Original material: Amasia (Bornm. Exsicc. No. 751), … Tossia (prope Dikmen 10.V.1892, leg. Sintenis; no 5260), … Ineboli in Paphlagonien (prope Ibras 30.iv.1892 leg. Sint. No. 3735) und Güllek-Tepe in Cilicien (leg. Siehe, no. 415) [from protologue]. Original specimens preumably: B, JE; probable isosyntype: Bornmüller, PH (PH00009266)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum montanum L.]
- STATUS: subsp. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: C. officinale Ten. – Ital. mer. Sard. [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Validated by indirect reference to Tenore’s description of Cynoglossum officinale (Fl. Napol. 3: 180. 1824—1826).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: described from Bohemia [book title], no locality given in protologue
- COMMENTS: For the uppermost infraspecific category used in this work, designated by lower-case Greek letters, the authors occasionally (e.g. in a Note on p. 158), and as it seems consistently, use the term “Abart”, which is the 19th Century German equivalent of varietas.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Au-dessus de Couzon, au pied des carriers [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: nom. illeg. [homonym]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: none indicated in protologue
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: no name [ICN Art. 35.2]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: From the typography (italic rather than roman type) and the fact that Tenore further down consistently refers to the taxon as “var. A” it is clear that the words “Canescens. Tomentosum” are here used to describe an unnamed variety. See also comments under Cynoglossum officinale var. minus of Tenore.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: not specified in protologue
- COMMENTS: Contrary to the treatment in Tenore’s Flora napolitana, varietal epithets in the Sylloge (if any) are in italics but are set off by a semicolon from the descriptive text. In this case, canescens is the epithet and tomentosum the validating description.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: nom. illeg. [homonym, ICN Art. 53.4]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Czech Republic] Radotín , Karlstein , Srbsko [Domin] [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Icon. SPENN. in NEES gen. pl. xvii. n. 5. Sow.engl. bot. pl. 92. f. 1. MATTH. sopra Diosc. ed. cit. p. 1250 [from protologue] vidi spec. orig. in herb Visianii [Degen 1937 under C. parvifolium (Vis.) Degen, Fl. Veleb. 2: 566. 1937]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum barbaricinum Arrigoni & Selvi]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Korsika: Evisa (Reverchon 7./5., 6./7. 85). Im Buchenwalde bei La Fove de Vizzavoni (Kuegler) [from protologue]. Syntypes: Reverchon in Baenitz, Herb. Eur., B, BM, BR, E, FI, FR (FR00360780!, FR00360781!), K, MPU, P (Selvi & Sutorý in Pl. Biosystems 146: 476. 2012). Lectotype (designated here): Fl. Corsica: Evisa, [6 July] 1885, Reverchon in Baenitz, Herbarium europaeum, FR (FR00360781!)
- COMMENTS: Selvi & Sutorý (l.c.) do not consider this name to be validly published. Indeed it is not accompanied by a proper description. Brand writes: Flores ut in C. creticum; fructus ut in C. officinale. We accept this to be an unambiguous reference to the simultaneously published descriptions of the flowers and fruits, respectively, of the two named species.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov. [ICN Art. 37.4]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: au Pic de Gard
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Czech Republic] Strakonice (Velenovský, Veselý), Buschberg bei Liebshausen , Radotín , Karlstein , Srbsko [Domin] [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Czech Republic] Laun, Kožov, Vorlík, Kamaik [Domin] [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: comb. & stat. nov. [species to forma]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Basionym: Cynoglossum hybridum Thuill.
- COMMENTS: Brand erroneously cites the basionym from the first edition (1790) of Thuillier’s Flora rather than from the second (1799).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: infravar. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossum officinale Kostelecký im Prager gemein. Herbar F. E. Dittrich! in sched.
- COMMENTS: In this Flora an unconventional system of infravarietal classification is used, with sometimes several hierarchically arranged, unnamed ranks.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: infravar. nov. [homonym, non Opiz, l.c.: 157]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossum officinale Ed. Erxleben! im gemeinsch. Herbar Prags
- COMMENTS: In this Flora an unconventional system of infravarietal classification is used, with sometimes several hierarchically arranged, unnamed ranks. Repetitive use of the same epithet for different but identically characterised taxa, as here, is not uncommon. Only one of these names can be used, in abidance to the decision of a (future?) first reviser (ICN Art. 53.6).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: infravar. nov. [homonym, non Opiz, l.c.: 156]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Opiz! herb. n. 6033 (1810) [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: In this Flora an unconventional system of infravarietal classification is used, with sometimes several hierarchically arranged, unnamed ranks. Repetitive use of the same epithet for different but identically characterised taxa, as here, is not uncommon. Only one of these names can be used, in abidance to the decision of a (future?) first reviser (ICN Art. 53.6).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: „var. vel subsp.“ nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cerdagne: Estavar, Angoustrine, Val de Llo, etc. 1220–1700 m. environ [from protologue]. Syntype: Sennen 6631; original specimen: Cerdagne, Estavar, 24 Jun 1924, Sennen s.n., PH (PH00009260*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: In Tenore’s C. officinale var. ‘minor’ the latter word appears as a true epithet, not as a descriptive term as in the preceding var. A (see comments under Cynoglossum officinale var. canescens as ascribed to Tenore). However, the intended name was not validly publihed because the associated description of Sicilian plants, borrowed from Gussone’s Cynoglossum nebrodense Guss. (Fl. Sic. Prodr. 1: 216. 1827) was considered to doubtfully apply to the new variety (from Aspromonte in Calabria). Soon after, Tenore used the same name and description of Gussone, without question mark, to validate the name C. officinale var. humile, intended to designate a different plant from Abruzzo.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in Catal. (c. Berga, Lérida. CSTA.!) atque in agro Madrit. (ad casa de Campo, CUT., LGE.! forma albiflora) [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: The phrase “forma albiflora” is used colloquially (a white-flowered form), not as the epithet in the name of a forma.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: none indicated in protologue
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: à Saint-Germain-en-Laye, au Val [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [ICN Art. 26.2]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: In the protologue, Domin writes: “wobei man die häufigste var. transiens als typische Form anzusehen hat“. Even though “typical” in this context, is more likely to mean “characteristic” than “including the type of the species name”, we opt for a formalistic approach and consider the name as not validly published.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Czech Republic] Strakonice (Velenovský, Veselý), Buschberg bei Liebshausen [Domin] [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [ICN Art. 26.2]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum paniculatum Hook. & Arn. -- Bot. Beechey Voy. 37. 1830 [Dec 1830] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (species accepted)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Chile], Conception . Mr. Macrae has sent specimens to the Horticultural Society, which he gathered at Murillo Bay in Peru [from protologue]. Syntypes: Conception, Beechey, K (K000573727*); Murillo Bay, Peru, Macrae, K (K000573726*)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum papillosum Thunb. -- Fl. Cap. ii. 352. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Lobostemon glaucophyllus (Jacq.) Buek]
- STATUS: comb. nov. [or nom. nov.?]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: [S. Africa], no original material indicated in protologue.
Basionym [or replaced synonym?]: Echium papillosum Thunb. (1818) [tentatively accepted here as being earlier than Echium papillosum Lehm. (1818 (Sep–Oct))]Basionym: Echium papillosum Thunb. - COMMENTS: This new combination (or, should Lehmann’s Echium papillosum prove to have priority: replacement name) first appears among a set of Corrigenda in a rather mysterious instruction: “Echium papillosum deleatur & pro Cynoglossum uvineatum legatur: Cynoglossum papillosum.” C. uvineatum is a non-existent name, and pro commands the ablative not the accusative case. The only plausible – if conjectural – explanation, which also justifies the treatment in Schultes’ 1823 re-edition of the book (Thunb., Fl. Cap., ed. [2]: 162. 1823), is that the printer misread Thunberg’s last-minute scrawl, which had muricatum instead of uvineatum (see also Juel, Pl. Thunb.: 322. 1818), and post instead of pro. The instruction, thus corrected, translates: “delete Echium papillosum and [instead], after Cynoglossum muricatum, read: Cynoglossum papillosum”.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum creticum Mill.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Spain, Madrid], dans le parc royal de la Casa de Campo
- COMMENTS: The cited publication is, at least in part, a separately paged preprint, not a reprint as TL-2 suggests. Page 17, with the locality data, also appears in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 73. 1884; but page 45, with the validating description, only in 1888 (l.c. 35: 122).
- IPNI: Cynoglossum racemosum Schreb. -- Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 3: 475. 1767 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum racemosum (Schreb.) Britten 1906
≡ Mattiastrum racemosum (Schreb.) Brand 1915 - BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossum orientale minus, flore campanulato caeruleo. Tourn. cor. 7. in Oriente [from protologue]. Presumed holotype: Tournefort or Gundelsheimer, M; likely isotypes (Mill in Davis, Fl. Turkey 6: 286. 1978, as “type”): herb. Tournefort 657, P-TRF; Cynoglossum angustifolium, “Roestel”, B-W (BW03337010*)
- COMMENTS: Tournefort’s phrase name from the Corollarium (p. 7, 1707) is cited in the protologue of no less than three Cynoglossum names: Cynoglossum racemosum Schreb. (1767), Cynoglossum emarginatum Lam. (1791) and Cynoglossum angustifolium Willd. (1789). The three specimens used by the authors of these names were likely duplicates of a single gathering made by Tournefort and his companion Gundelsheimer during their travel through the Orient. However, as none of these names were typified at that time, and the later authors did not cite any earlier name in synonymy, the three names are heterotypic and legitimate.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum hirsutissimum Lehm.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: No indication in protologue. If, as conjectured below, this is the result of a slip of the pen (or of memory) of one of the Candolles, the type would be the same as for Cynoglossum hirsutissimum Lehm.
- COMMENTS: A mysterious name, not even listed in Buek’s Index. It appears in a note under Cynoglossum leptostachyum DC., a new species, as follows: “An [C. leptostachyum] var. C. ramosissimi sed pubescens nec villoso-hirsutum …” [perhaps a variety of C. r. but pubescent rather than villous-hirsute …]; which, as the words “villoso-hirsutum” diagnose C. ramosissimum against C. leptostachyum, suffices to validate the former name. From the context, it is likely that C. ramosissimum is an error for Cynoglossum hirsutissimum Lehm., the next following entry, but as this cannot be proven, C. ramosissimum must be considered a legitimate name.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum robustum Hassk. -- in Ver. Nat. Ver. Nederl. Ind. i. (1856) 44. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum sp. (species dubia)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in horto Tjipannas [sic!] culta, origine mihi ignota [from protologue]. In a subsequent publication [extract from a letter of Hasskarl dated 6. April 1856, in Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 5: 94. 1857] this reads, more sensibly: “Teysmann, hortulanus, reperit in Javae orientalis montibus altioribus”
- COMMENTS: From the description, this might well be Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & J. R. Drumm., which for priority reasons it would then threaten to displace.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum rochelia A.DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 152. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in montibus et campis editioribus Mauritii (Bojer! Bouton!) et Borbonis (Bouton!) nec non ad fretum Bass Novae-Hollandiae [from protologue]. Syntypes: Mauritius, Bojer, G-DC (G00205654*); id., Bouton, G-DC (G00205651*); Réunion, Bouton, G-DC (G00205653*); Détroit de Bass, Urville, G-DC (G00205671*)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum salesianorum Sennen & Sennen -- Bol. Soc. Iber. 1930, xxix. 75, descr. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted as hybrid
- STATUS: hybr. nov. [C. cheirifolium × C. creticum)
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Sennen, Pl. Espagne] No. 3116. Barcelone, coteaux de Vallcarca, sur le calcaire, inter parentes [from protologue]. Syntype: MPU (MPU019684*)
- COMMENTS: According to Aizpuru (in Castroviejo, Fl. Iber. 11: 463. 2012) the name already appears, as nom. nud., in Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 18: 176. 1918.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum germanicum Jacq.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: in Böheim [Bohemia] (nach Römer und Schultes S. Mert. und Koch Deut. Flora 2. p. 68.) [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Appears as an unnumbered entry preceded by the sign +, after the numbered entry Cynoglos[s]um montanum; but, as shown by other, parallel examples in the same work, it is nevertheless considered a species, not an infraspecific taxon subordinate to the latter. The inclusion, in synonymy, of the names C. sylvaticum (ascribed to Besser) and C. haenkei Schult. does not make C. scabrum illegitimate, because the type of C. sylvaticum Haenke is at the same time excluded by being cited under the preceding species, C. montanum.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum spelaeum Hilliard & B.L.Burtt -- Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 287. 1979 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain (species accepted)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Natal. Underberg distr., cobham Forest Reserve, Polele valley, in loose sandy soil at edge of overhang, flowers white, 20 iii 1977, Hilliard & Burtt 9728 (holo, E; iso. NU) [+ numerous paratypes]. Isotypes: K (K000418899*), NU (NU0016515-0*), PRE (PRE0659059-0*, PRE0724426-0*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Ortigosa y Nieva de Cameros. – Julio 1905 [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Pau describes this taxon as one of four “pequeñas especies” placed under Cynoglossum valentinum “Lge.”, one of the four being C. valentinum Lag. itself. Two (including the present one) he terms “psp.” (prospecies), rather than species, but as they are coordinate with two species, and all are referred to as “small species” in the preceding paragraph, we consider them to be published as binomials not as ternary (infraspecific) combinations.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum subalpinum T.C.E.Fr. -- Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 415. 1923 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain [“Cynoglossum” amplifolium Hochst. ex A. DC.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum amplifolium var. subalpinum (T. C. E. Fr.) Verdc. 1991 - BASIS: Original material: W.-Kenia: in der Hagenia-Hypericum-Region ca. 2900–3000 m ü.d.M. sehr häufig: Blühend und mit Frucht am 31. Januar 1922, ROB. E. et TH. C. E. FRIES n. 1331. –- Mt. Aberdare: ca. 2900 m ü. d. M. in feuchtem Gebüsch. Mit Frucht am 15. März 1922, ROB. E. et TH. C. E. FRIES n. 2423. --- Im Hagenia-Hypericum-Wald am Fuße des Sattima sehr häufig. Blühend und mit Frucht am 1. und 2. April 1922, ROB. E. et TH. C. E. FRIES n. 2684 und 2776. --- Kilmandjaro VOLKENS n. 2022 [from protologue]. Lectotype (Verdcourt in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Africa. Boragin.: 106. 1991, as “holotype”): Fries & Fries 1331, S; isolectotypes: BR (BR0000008865793), K (K000418926*), S; paralectotype: Fries & Fries 2776, K (K000418925*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Cynoglossum officinale]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: [isonym]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum troodi H.Lindb. -- Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 27 (1946); K. H. Rechinger in Svensk Bot. Tidskr. xliii. 38 (1949), descr. ampl. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: specimina in Herb. Lund a P. SINTENIS lecta (“n. 828 auf dem Gipfel des Troodos, 18.6.1880”, sub. nom. “Paracaryum myosotoides Boiss.” et a E. W. KENNEDY (“n. 695 Chionistra, 28.5.37” sub nom. “Cynoglossum montanum L.”) et in Herb. Helsingfors a E. W. KENNEDY lecta (“n. 694 Kryos Potamos, 24.5.37”). M. Troodos, in glareosis in declivi montis Chionistra. In pinet (P. pallasiana) et in ruderatis juxta “Olympus Camp Hotel” et in pineto juxta “Military Camp” [LINDBERG] [from protologue]. Lectotype (Meikle, Fl. Cyprus: 1126. 1985): Sintenis & R igo 828, LD (LD1420386*); isolectotypes: Sintenis 828, K, LD (LD1410366*), MPU (MPU019685*); paralectotypes: H*, LD*, S* (see also Väre in Phytotaxa 47: 37. 2012)
- IPNI: Cynoglossum tsaratananense J.S.Mill. -- Adansonia ser. 3, 27(1): 126 (115; figs. 2, 5). 2005 [30 Jun 2005]
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Perrier de la Bâthie 16465, Madagascar, Prov. Antsiranana, massif de Tsaratanana, près des eaux, 2600 m, 13°57’S, 48°52’E, fl., fr., Apr. 1929 (holo-, P!; iso-, MO!, P!) [from protologue]. Holotype: P (P00465860*); isotypes: MO, P (P00465859*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud., fide Sutorý in Acta Bot. Hung. 54: 212. 12012]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum sp. (doubtful species)
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Alsatia], in monte prope Masmünster reperi & in hortum Illust. Principis transtuli: postmodum inter Rappelschvvilam & S. Mariam … unde Lutetiam & Stutgardiam in Illustr. Ducis hortum transmisi [I. Bauhin in C. Bauhin, Phytopinax: 496. 1596). Original specimen perhaps in herb. C. Bauhin, BAS
- COMMENTS: As explained by Linnaeus (l.c.) in a statement on p. 475, the names listed in the Flora monspeliensis thesis refer to species entries in Magnol’s Botanicon monspeliense – if one numbers them sequentially by hand in that book. Cynoglossum virens, which in the thesis is listed at the end among the “[species] obscuriores” (rather obscure species), is linked via its number (1284) to an entry in the Appendix of Magnol (Bot. Monsp.: 294. 1676): “Cynoglossa folio virenti I. B.” [I. Bauhin & al., Hist. Pl. 3: 600. 1651]. In spite of all this uncertainty, the diagnostic statement “folio virenti” just suffices to validate the Linnean binomial (which has not been dealt with by the Linnean Plant Name Typification Project). Original material must be sought among elements used by either Magnol [none extant] or I. Bauhin to coin that “description”. However, the illustration in Bauhin & al. (l.c.), a good likeness of Asperugo procumbens L., is not original material. Magnol (l.c.) states “figura transposita est”, and Bauhin & al. (l.c.) explain: “sculptor autem ineptus corrupit bonam fig. C. Bauh. phyt. Cynogl semper virens: Cynoglossum folio viridi Ioh. Bauhino”. The reference is to C. Bauhin (Phytopinax: 496. 1596), where “Cynoglossum semperuiuens is described, but there is no illustration of it, nor could we find one anywhere in the published writings of either of the Bauhin brothers.
- IPNI: Cynoglossum viride Eastw. -- Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, 6: 428, pl. 59. 1896 (GCI)
- ASSESSMENT: Not Cynoglossum s. l.; genus uncertain [“Cynoglossum” occidentale A. Gray]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Collected by Mrs. R. M. Austin, in the Cascade Mountains, Oregon … by Mr. Brandegee, at the Calaveras Grove of Big Trees … by the writer [Eastwood] at Sequoia Mills, Fresno County, May 20, 1894 … by Mr. Brandegee, at Frazer’s Mills. Type specimens all in the Herbarium of the California Academy of Sciences. Duplicates have been sent to the Gray Herbarium and to the National Herbarium [from protologue]. Syntype: 20 May 1895, Eastwood, CAS (CAS 0007280*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: H. W. [herb. Willdenow]; [Siberia] in locis arenosis prope Schemanaika et prope Schulba [Pallas] (v. s.) [from protologue]. Holotype: HAL (HAL0115101)
- COMMENTS: The specimen in HAL comes from the Herbarium Willdenow, where the species is lacking. The sheet is annotated in Willdenow’s handwriting: “Cynoglossum viridiflorum in humosis Sibiria Pallas Willd.” The source of Lehmann’s locality data should be looked for in Pallas (Reise Russ. Reich. 1771—1776).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum officinale L.]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossum foliis ovato-lanceolatis. Linn. h. Cliff. 47. corollis calycem aequantibus Roy. lugdb. 406. [from Gorter, Fl. Gelro-Zutph.: 32. 1745]. Original specimens: herb. Clifford, BM; herb. Royen, L.
- COMMENTS: There is no descriptive matter in the thesis, but the name (overlooked by the Linnean Plant Name Typification Project) is validated by numerical references to the treatments in two earlier works, by Commelijn (Cat. Pl. Indig. Hollandiae. 1709; not seen) and Gorter (1745; cited above). For all events and purposes Cynoglossum vulgare is a synonym of, and likely error for, C. officinale L. (1753); but it is technically legitimate, as the latter name is not mentioned, nor had its type been designated. The current lectotype of C. officinale qualifies as possible lectotype of C. vulgare, which would make the two names homotypic.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Cynoglossum wallichii G.Don -- Gen. Hist. iv. 354. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Native of Nipaul, in Gosainsthan. C. calycinum, Wall. cat. no. 923 [from protologue]. Lectotype (Kazmi in J. Arnold Arbor. 52: 345. 1971, as “type”): Wallich 923, K ; possible isotypes: A (A00092800*), BM (BM000603178*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: comb. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Basionym: Myosotis zeylanica Lehm.; Replaced synonym: Anchusa zeylanica Vahl ex Hornem., non Anchusa zeylanica J. Jacq.
- COMMENTS: Lacking direct reference to the basionym, which is referred to indirectly (via “Cynoglossum zeylanicum Thunb.”, mentioned as a synonym in the protologue of Myosotis zeylanica). ICN Art. 41.4 also ensures valid publication of the intended new combination.
- IPNI: Lindelofia Lehm. -- in Hamb. Gartenz. vi. (1850) 351. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: gen. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Type (Riedl in Rechinger, Fl. Iranica 48: 137. 1967): Lindelofia spectabilis Lehm.
- COMMENTS: We agree with Mill (in Edinburgh J. Bot. 67: 143. 2010) in rejecting the previous type designation by Riedl (in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 109: 385. 1962) as ineffective, not being definitely accepted by that author. But there is no valid reason to dismiss the subsequent type designation(s), as done by Mill (l.c.).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original elements: Lindelofia albida (Wettst.) Brand, L. lanata (L.) Brand, L. tubiflora (Murb.) Brand; type not designated
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Type: see type discussion in Mill (2010) Edinburgh J. Bot. 67 (1): 141—154
- COMMENTS: Popov (l.c.) refers to “Adelocaryum Brand … [tantum quoad speciem primam: A. anchusoides]”; which means that Brand’s Latin description of Adelocaryum cannot be used to validate Popov’s sectional name; and neither can that of Adelocaryum anchusoides itself, given in the key (ICN Art. 38.11(b)).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Lindelofia aspera Rech.f. -- in Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien lviii. 48 (1951). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum anchusoides subsp. asperum (Rech. f.) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Lindelofia anchusoides subsp. aspera (Rech. f.) F. Sadat 1989
≡ Cynoglossum anchusoides subsp. asperum (Rech. f.) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Afghanistan, Bandar, 6000', along stream, plant 20 inches high, flowers purple-blue, 9. X. 1939. (Koelz no.14107, Typus in hb. Nation. Arbor. Beltsville, fragm. in hb. Mus. Wien) + two paratypes [from protologue]. Holotype: BARC; isotype, W (W1966-0019196, fragm.); paratype: W (W1966-0019191)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum mathezii Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Algeria], Hammam Rbira (Kuegler, Herb. Haussknecht, z.T.) [from protologue]. Holotype: JE (JE00016091*)
- IPNI: Lindelofia longifolia Hort. -- ex Wien. Ill. Gart.-Zeit. xiii. (1888) 326. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum longifolium (Leichtlin ex Beck & F. Abel) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum longifolium (Leichtlin ex Beck & F. Abel) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: [cultivated plant of unknown origin introduced by Max Leichtlin through his private botanical garden in Baden-Baden, Germany] [inferred from protologue]
- COMMENTS: The name appears in a section of miscellanies (“Miscellen”) under the subtitle “Leichtlin’sche Neuheiten” (novelties from Leichtlin). We accept the names appearing in this portion without authorship as implicitly ascribed to Leichtlin, but the description must be credited to the journal editors, G. Beck von Mannagetta and Friedrich Abel. The name is likely due to a lapsus for Lindelofia longiflora (a combination then not yet made), but this cannot be proved. What was presumably the same plant was, in subsequent years, distributed by Leichtlin under yet another synonym, Lindelofia spectabilis (see e.g. Garden & Forest 6: 246. 1893; 7: 247. 1894). Even now it is occasionally grown under Leichtlin’s name (see e.g. T. Meyer).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: nom. illeg. [homonym, ICN Art. 48.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Three named species are included, Mattia umbellata, Mattia lanata, and Mattia staminea. The former should logically be regarded as the type, but has not yet been formally designated as such
- COMMENTS: The automatic type (ICN Art. 7.5) of Rindera Schult., Rindera tetraspis, is excluded by implication, being treated as a synonym of Rindera laevigata in Rindera, a separate genus (ICN Art. 48.1).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Rindera lanata f. cyanoptera (Bornm.) Brand 1921 - BASIS: Original material: [Turkey] extra fines Persiae: Cappadociae ad radices montis Argaei (Bornm. pl. exsicc. Anatoliae orient. no. 2829) [from protologue]. Syntypes: B (B100365435*, B100365436*), JE (JE00011961*), PH (PH00017093*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Rindera lanata f. euryptera (Bornm.) Brand 1921 - BASIS: Original material: Sintenis exsicc. (no. 2357; prope Egin. VI. 1890 lect.). Extra fines Persiae: Kurdistania, Egin [from protologue]. Syntypes: JE (JE, JE00011964*), P (P00622865*, P00622866*)
- COMMENTS: Bornmüller seemingly ascribes the name to Haussknecht, but at the end adds: “pro specie”, therefore crediting Haussknecht with the species name (never published), not with the varietal name.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Rindera lanata f. macrophylla (Bornm.) Brand 1921 - BASIS: Original material: Chomeïn, in motosis; VII. 1896, [Strauss] [from protologue]. Syntypes: B (B100365431*), JE (JE00011962*, JE00011963*)
- COMMENTS: Bornmüller seemingly ascribes the name to Haussknecht, but then adds: (spec.), therefore crediting Haussknecht with the species name (never published), not with the varietal name.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Rindera lanata var. stenophylla (Bornm.) Bornm. 1911 - BASIS: Original material: Sultanabad, in montosis, VI. 1890. – In monte Raswend, prope Asna; 4. VI. 1892 et VI. 1897; – In monte Schahsinde; VI. 1897. Prope Chomeïn; VI. 1896. In monte Schuturun-kuh; 1899. Hamadan, in latere meridionali alpium Elwend; VI. 1902 et 16. VI. 1895, [Strauss] [from protologue]. Syntype: Hamadan, 6.1902, B (B100250760*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: subsect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Mattiastrum tibeticum (C. B. Clarke) Brand
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: subsect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Mattiastrum multicaule Rech. f. & Riedl
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: subsect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Mattiastrum polyanthum Riedl
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum sect. Macromattiastrum (Brand) Popov 1953 - BASIS: Original elements: Mattiastrum aucheri (A. DC.) Brand, M. velutinum (Post) Brand, M. glastifolium (Willd.) Brand, M. racemosum (Schreb.) Brand, M. corymbiforme (DC. & A. DC) Brand, M. incanum (Ledeb.) Brand, M. longipes (Boiss.) Brand, M. erysimifolium (Boiss.) Brand , M. ancyritanum (Boiss.) Brand, M. calycinum (Boiss. & Balansa) Brand, M. leptophyllum (A. DC.) Brand, Cynoglossum angustifolium Willd., C. emarginatum Lam., Paracaryum azureum Boiss. & Heldr., P. erigerifolium Schott & Koschy ex Boiss., Omphalodes pontica K. Koch; type not designated,
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: subg. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Mattiastrum dielsii Bornm.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. prov., ICN Art. 36.1 (b)]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: Described, in German, in a discussion but named only provisionally.
- IPNI: Mattiastrum crista-galli Rech.f. & Riedl -- Biol. Skr. xiii. No. 4 (Symb. Afghan. v.) 207 (963). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum crista-galli (Rech. f. & Riedl) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum crista-galli (Rech. f. & Riedl) Kamelin & Raenko 1985
≡ Cynoglossum crista-galli (Rech. f. & Riedl) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Fig. 158. Persia: E: Khorasan: Kuh-e Nishapur, Darreh Abshar supra Akhlomat, 1600-1800m (RECHINGER f. [& al] 4502, Typus, W) [+ 1 paratype] [from protologue]. Holotype: W (W 1966-0019587*; see protologue, fig. 158); isotypes: E (E00284798*),G (G00177873*), M (M0174164*), MO (MO-150758*), S (S-G-3971*), US (US00110908*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum sp.
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Badchis: Kette des Paropamisus, sehr gemein auf den Hügeln und Abhängen bis zu 1700 m ü. M. (Aitchison n. 382, Herb. Boissier) [from protologue]. Holotype: G-BOIS; isotype: GH (GH00097547*), K, LE
- IPNI: Mattiastrum flaviflorum Rech.f. & Riedl -- Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 122. 1967 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum flaviflorum (Rech. f. & Riedl) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum flaviflorum (Rech. f. & Riedl) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Tab. 19, fig. 8. Typus: RECH. 18446, W. Afghanistan: C: Bamian: Band-i Amir, ad lacum Band-i Zolfikar, 2900 m, 15. 7. 1962, RECH. 18446 [+ 6 paratypes] [HOLO: W; ISO: G, M fide Sadat 1989: 92] [from protologue]. Syntypes: W (W1966-0019530*, W1966-0019531*, W1966-0019532*); isosyntypes: G (G00177795*), M (M0174162*)
- IPNI: Mattiastrum formosum Rech.f. & Riedl -- Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 119. 1967 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum rechingeri Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum rechingeri Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Tab. 23; tab. 45, fig. 2. Typus: RECH. 31422, W. Afghanistan: E: Kabul: In declivibus australibus jugi Salang, 2700-3300 m, substr. granit., 25. VI. 65, RECH. 31422 [+ 1 paratype] [HOLO: W; ISO: G, K, M fide Sadat 1989: 90] [from protologue]. Holotype: W (W1966-0019669; see protologue, t. 23); isotypes: B (B100365405*), C (C10008751*), G (G00177796*), GZU (GZU000272977*), LD (LD1217701*), M (M0174732*), MO (MO-176907*), MSB (MSB002969*), S (S-G-3972*), US (US00110909*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lamprocarpum (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: H. [mont Hermon]: [Aaronsohn] 7096, Mezra'a, 27. VI. 1906 (fl. et fr.). Deux exemplaires de l’Herbier Boissier, “inter Rasheyia et Damas” et “ad Souk Wadi Barrada” [from protologue]
- IPNI: Mattiastrum paphlagonicum Bornm. -- Magyar Bot. Lapok 1931, xxx. 69. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum paphlagonicum (Bornm.) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum paphlagonicum (Bornm.) R. R. Mill 1977
≡ Cynoglossum paphlagonicum (Bornm.) Greuter & Burdet 1981 - BASIS: Original material: [Turkey], Paphlagonia austr.: In regionis aridae planitie et in collibus glareosis sterilibus prope Koč-hissar alt. 1000 m sm, 23. VI. 1929 BORNM. No. 14414 [from protologue]. Syntypes: B (B100365404*), BM (BM001014421*), E (E00296263*), G (G00236075*), GH (GH00097550*), JE (JE00011692*, JE00011693*), S (S-G-3973*)
- IPNI: Mattiastrum sessiliflorum Rech.f. & Riedl -- Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 125. 1967 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum sessiliflorum (Rech. f. & Riedl) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum sessiliflorum (Rech. f. & Riedl) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Tab. 19, fig. 11; tab. 27. Typus: RECH. 17385, W. Afghanistan: E: Ghazni: In monte ad occidentem jugi Sardalu, inter Qarabagh et Sang-i Masha, substr. gyps., 2600 m, 30. VI. 1962, RECH. 17385 [from protologue]. Holotype: W (W1966-0019533); isotypes: B (B100365403*), G (G00177624*), K (), LD (LD1210761*), M (M0174167*), MO (MO-176909*)
- IPNI: Myosotidium hortensia (Decne.) Baill. -- Hist. Pl. (Baillon) 10: 383, adnot. 1. 1890 [Jul-Aug 1890] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: comb. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Basionym: Myosotis hortensia Decne.
- COMMENTS: Considered the correct name of the heterotypic synonym Cynoglossum nobile Hook. f. 1858. Heenan & Schönberger (in New Zealand J. Bot. 47: 124) consider hortensia a three-ending adjective and “correct” Baillon’s Myosotidium hortensia to M. ‘hortensium’. They err. The epithet Hortensia, also a well known generic name, is a noun in apposition and does not take the gender of the generic name (ICN Art. 23.5); if proof be needed, in the basionym protologue it is written with a capital initial letter.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Omphalodes longiflora A. DC.
- IPNI: Omphalodes cariensis Boiss. -- Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 4: 41. 1844 [Jun 1844] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum lithospermifolium subsp. cariense (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum cariense (Boiss.) Boiss. 1849
≡ Paracaryum lithospermifolium subsp. cariense (Boiss.) R. R. Mill 1977
≡ Cynoglossum lithospermifolium subsp. cariense (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet 1981
≡ Mattiastrum lithospermifolium subsp. cariense (Boiss.) Valdés 2011 - BASIS: Original material: Omphalodes myosotoides Boiss. in pl. Cariens. Pinardi; in pinguibus regionis alpinae Cadmi orientalis ubi legi Jun. 1842, in Cariâ interiori Pinard 1843 [from protologue]. Syntypes: 1842, Boissier, G-BOIS (G00330309*), G-DC (G00205801*, G00205802*); 1843, Pinard, G (G00236074*), G-BOIS (G00330308*), G-DC (G00205808*)
- IPNI: Omphalodes micrantha DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 159. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Microparacaryum intermedium (Fresen.) Hilger & Podlech]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum micranthum (DC.) Boiss. 1849 - BASIS: Original material: ad montem Sinai (Schimp. 123), et ad montem Horeb (Auch. n. 2288). Omphal. intermedia Schimp. un. itin. n. 123, non Decen. [recte: Decne.] [from protologue]. Syntypes: Aucher-Eloy 2288, G-DC (G00205805*); Schimper 123, G-DC (G00205755*); isosyntypes: E (E00296261*, E00296262*), G (G00177622*, G00177623*), HAL (HAL0115147*), HOH (E00296262*), HBG (HBG503053*, HBG503054*), M (M0174160*), MPU (MPU005447*)
- IPNI: Omphalodes papillosa DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 159. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Microparacaryum intermedium (Fresen.) Hilger & Podlech]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum micranthum var. urceolatum Boiss. 1849
≡ Paracaryum papillosum (DC.) Gürke 1894
≡ Paracaryum intermedium var. papillosum (DC.) Kazmi 1971 - BASIS: Original material: ad montem Sinai (Schimp 123), et ad montem Horeb (Auch. n. 2288). Omphal. intermedia Schimp. un. itin. n. 123, non Decen. . [recte: Decne.] (v. s.) [from protologue]. Lectotype (Hilger & al. in Pl. Syst. Evol. 148: 304. 1985, as “G”: Schimper 123, G-DC (G00205755*); isosyntypes: E (E00296261*, E00296262*), G (G00177622*, G00177623*), HAL (HAL0115147*), HOH (E00296262*), HBG (HBG503053*, HBG503054*), M (M0174160*), MPU (MPU005447*); Paralectotype: Aucher-Eloy 2288, G-DC (G00205805*)
- IPNI: Omphalodes persica Boiss. -- Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 7: 30. 1846 [Jul-Oct 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum persicum (Boiss.) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum persicum (Boiss.) Boiss. 1849
≡ Paracaryum rugulosum subsp. persicum Bornm. 1906
≡ Cynoglossum persicum (Boiss.) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: in declivibus montium prope Persepolim Kotschy No. 241 (specimina fructifera … florifera ad aliam speciem spectant) [from protologue]. Holotype: G-BOIS
- COMMENTS: Riedl (in Rechinger, Fl. Iranica 48: 101. 1967) designated the material of Kotschy 241 in Vienna (W) as “typus”. That statement has no standing. According to the protologue, Boissier considered Kotschy 241 as mixed, i.e., comprising two distinct gatherings (ICN Art. 8.2). Of the two sheets in W only one (W1889-0013125; not W0018231, which Riedl labelled as type) bears, in the centre, a fragment of the fruiting plant described by Boissier. Indeed, most of the plants distributed as Kotschy 241 by Hohenacker in 1845, with a printed label, “Omphalodes persica Boiss. n. sp.”, are not yet fruiting and have a softly villous indumentum; therefore, even when labelled as type, they are not part of the original material.
- IPNI: Omphalodes rugulosa DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 160. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum rugulosum (DC.) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Paracaryum rugulosum (DC.) Boiss. 1849
≡ Cynoglossum rugulosum (DC.) Greuter & Burdet 1981 - BASIS: Original material: ad montem Horeb Arabiae Petraea (Auch!), et in valle Nahamme monti Sinai vicina (Schimp.!) [from protologue]. Syntypes: Aucher-Eloy 143, G-DC (G00200457*); Aucher-Eloy 2286, G (G00096140*), G-BOIS (G00150248*), G-CD (G00200456*), MPU (MPU013309*); Schimper 403, G (G00096138*, G00096139*), G-BOIS (G00150249*), G-CD (G00200459*), HBG (HBG503052*, HBG503057*), JE (JE00011983*), MPU (MPU005448*, MPU013308*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Mattiastrum (Boiss.) Brand 1915
≡ Paracaryum subg. Mattiastrum (Boiss.) R. R. Mill 1977 - BASIS: Original elements: Paracaryum myosotoides Boiss. (Cynoglossum lithospermifolium Lam.), P. cariense (Boiss.) Boiss., P. lamprocarpum Boiss., P. aucheri (A. DC.) Boiss., P. glastifolium (Willd.) Boiss., P. angustifolium Boiss., P. leptophyllum (A. DC.) Boiss., P. cristatum (Schreb.) Boiss., P. corymbiforme (DC. & A. DC.) Boiss., P. azureum Boiss. & Heldr., P. longiflorum (DC.) Boiss.. Type (designated here): “Mattiastrum aucheri (A. DC.) Brand” (Cynoglossum aucheri (A. DC.) Greuter & Burdet)
- COMMENTS: Riedl (in Rechinger, Fl. Iranica 48: 111. 1967) designated Mattiastrum calycinum (Boiss. & Balansa) Brand as type, which, however, is not an original element.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Paracaryum heliocarpum]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [pro syn. sub Paracaryum crista-galli]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum lamprocarpum (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: nom. illeg. [superfl.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Replaced synonym: Paracaryum lamprocarpum Boiss.
- COMMENTS: In conformity with Boissier’s own later treatment (Fl. Orient. 4: 258. 1875), supported by the spelling used on the holotype label, we consider the original spelling of the epithet, lamprocarium, as a correctable typographical error. Under ICN Art. 61.4, the correction is retroactive. Bunge independently corrected the spelling to lamprocaryum. When as in this case there are conflicting corrections to the same epithet, the Code does not enforce priority of publication as the criterion for choosing among them. We therefore feel free to follow established custom and prefer the author’s (Boissier’s) to Walpers’ emended spelling. As καρπός (fruit) and κάρυον (nut) are not variants but different words with distinct meanings, the earlier but less appropriate correction, curiously, results in an illegitimate name.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [ICN Art. 26.2]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Paracaryum petrophilum Pavl. ex Golosk. -- Fl. Rast. Res. Kaz. 77. 1975 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Microparacaryum intermedium (Fresen.) Hilger & Podlech]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Typus: Montes Karatau, cacumina lapidosa et declivia rupium remanentium in fluxu superiore rivuli Taldyk, 15.V 1939, n°324, fl. et fr., N. Pavlov legit. In Herbario Universitatis Mosquensis (MW) conservatur. Isotypus in Herbario Ínstituti Botanicae Acad. Sci. RSS Kazachstaniae (Alma-Ata, AA) conservatur [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Initially described in Russian, but not validly named, as Lappula petrophila Pavlov (in Bot. Zhurn. SSSR 30: 190. 1945) and again by Popov (in Komarov, Fl. SSSR 19: 473. 1953).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum rugulosum (DC.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Persia austro-orientalis, Kerman, in collibus aridis ad urbem Kerman, 2000-2200 m s. m. legi (Bornm. exsicc. no. 4975) [from protologue]. Syntypes: B (B 10 0250761*, B 10 0250763*), JE (JE00011984*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum persicum (Boiss.) Greuter & Stier]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Sultanabad, in fauce Girdu; 4. VI. 1889. – In monte Schasinde; VI. 1897. – In monte Raswend; VII. 1897 et 1898. – Hamadan, in monte Elwend; VI. 1902 [Strauss] [from protologue]. Syntypes: JE (JE00011952*, JE00011953*, JE00011955*, JE00011956*, JE 00011959*, JE00011954*)
- IPNI: Paracaryum serpentinicum Rech.f. & Riedl -- Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 107. 1967 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: [Microparacaryum intermedium (Fresen.) Hilger & Podlech]
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Tab. 19, Fig. 5. Typus: RECH. 31459, W. Afghanistan: E: Kabul: 50 km a Kabul versus Gardez, substr. serpent., 1900 m, RECH. 31459 (W) [from protologue]. Holotype: W; isotypes: B (B100365439*), G (G00236143*), LD (LD1217761*), M (M0174158*), MO (MO176992*), US (US00110910*)
- IPNI: Paracaryum sintenisii Hausskn. ex Bornm. -- Beih. Bot. Centralbl. xx. II. 191 (1906). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum sintenisii (Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum sintenisii (Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Greuter & Burdet 1981 - BASIS: Original material: [Iran] Prope Deh-surch (inter Kengower et Sanneh); 6. V. 1903 [Strauss]; an verschiedenen Plätzen des nördlichen Mesopotamien … Egin am Euphrat, 17. V. 1890, [Sintenis] no. 2358 …; Diarbeckir, 26. V. 1888, [Sintenis] no. 710 …; Mardin, 29. V. 1888, [Sintenis] no. 740 …; Kharput, 6. V. 1889, [Sintenis] no. 295…; Kharput, 23. V. 1889, [Sintenis] no. 361 [from protologue]. Syntypes: Sintenis 295, JE (JE00011981*), LD (LD1219590*, LD1219650*), P (P00622873*, P00622874*), PH (PH00019064*), S (S-G-4549*); Sintenis 361, JE (JE00011980*), LD (LD1219470*), S (S-G-4550*); Sintenis 740, JE (JE00011979*); Sintenis 2358, BR (BR0000006968038*), G (G0023607*), GH (GH00097340*), JE (JE00011982*), LD (LD1219710*, LD1222928*), S (S-G-4548*)
- COMMENTS: Just liminally validated by the description of flowers as “ziemlich ansehnliche schön-blaue Blüten”, which, being used deliberately as diagnostic against Paracaryum hirsutum (DC.) Boiss., cannot be dismissed as a “purely aesthetic feature” (ICN Art. 38.3).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum sintenisii (Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Türkisches Armenien: Charput: Miadun (Sintenis n. 361), Schuschnas (Sintenis n. 295). Westliches Persien: Auf dem Berg Kuh-i-Marab, Paintagh (Strauß), auf dem Berge Kuh-i-Ritschab bei Kerind (Strauß) [from protologue]. Syntypes: Sintenis 295, JE (JE00011981*), LD (LD1219590*, LD1219650*), P (P00622873*, P00622874*), PH (PH00019064*), S (S-G-4549*); Sintenis 361, JE (JE00011980*), LD (LD1219470*), S (S-G-4550*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum sintenisii (Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Türkisches Armenien: Egin, auf felsigen Abhängen am Euphrat (Sintenis n. 2358). Hier die Nordwestgrenze der Art. Kurdistan: Riwandous (an der Grenze Persiens) auf dem Berge Sakri-Sakran, 1600 m ü. M. (Bornmüller n. 1616) [from protologue] Syntypes: Sintenis 2358, BR (BR0000006968038*), G (G00236071*), GH (GH00097340*), JE (JE00011982*), LD (LD1219710*, LD1222928*), S (S-G-4548*); Bornmüller 1616, B (B100267995*)
- IPNI: Paracaryum turcomanicum Bornm. & Sint. -- Beih. Bot. Centralbl. xx. II. 193 (1906). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum turcomanicum (Bornm. & Sint.) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Mattiastrum turcomanicum (Bornm. & Sint.) Brand 1915
≡ Cynoglossum turcomanicum (Bornm. & Sint.) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Sintenis exsicc. no. 103 (Aschabad, 4. V. 1900 lect.) [from protologue]. Syntypes: B (B100365402*), G (G00236080*), GH (GH00097551*), JE (JE00011948*, JE00011949*, JE00011950*), LD (LD1219950*, LD1214729*), M (M0174165*), S (S11-28535*, S-G-4551*), US (US00110911*, US00664125*)
- IPNI: Pectocarya lateriflora DC. -- Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 10: 120. 1846 [8 Apr 1846] (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: comb. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Basionym: Cynoglossum lateriflorum Lam.
- COMMENTS: In a footnote to the treatment of that species by his father, Alphonse de Candolle explains in a somewhat cryptic manner what he did: he had concluded, based on published illustrations, that Lamarck’s Cynoglossum lateriflorum and Cynoglossum pilosum Ruiz & Pav. are one and the same species; and accordingly he changed the epithet in his father’s manuscript (which must have been pilosa) to lateriflora. Therefore the combination Pectocarya lateriflora must be credited to A. DC., with Cynoglossum lateriflorum Lam. as basionym.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original elements: Rindera austroechinata Popov, Rindera coechinata Popov, Rindera cristulata Lipsky, Rindera echinata Regel, Rindera oblongifolia Popov, Rindera turkestanica Kusn.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original elements: Rindera cristata Roem. & Schult., Rindera glastifolia Roem. & Schult., Rindera graeca Boiss. & Heldr.
- COMMENTS: Based, by implication, on Mattia Schult. (1809), nom. illeg., but excluding its type, Rindera tetraspis Pall.; therefore to be treated as the name of a new section (ICN Art. 48.1). Of the 10 species included by Bunge in that section, 7 were not validly named owing to lack of an even indirect reference to the intended basionym; the type must be chosen from among the three others, listed above.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Rindera fornicata Pazij
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Rindera neubaueri (Rech. f.) Rech. f. & Riedl (Moltkia neubaueri Rech. f.)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat.; ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-05)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Rindera oblongifolia Popov
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original elements: Rindera ferganica Popov, Rindera tianschanica Popov, Rindera tschotkalensis Popov
- IPNI: Rindera alaica Lazkov -- Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(8): 116. 2000 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum alaicum (Lazkov) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum alaicum (Lazkov) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Typus: Kirghiz SSR, Prov. Osch, distr. Alaj, Alaj vallis, ripa dextra Kok-su fluminis in vincinitate pagi Czak „Czon-Alaj“ sovchoz, declivum orientale lapidoso-rubro-argillaceum in denudationibus, 8 VII 1964, Ajdarova, Gorbunova (LE, isotypi – FRU, MW) [from protologue]. Holotype: LE
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum racemosum Schreb.]
- STATUS: spec. nov. [ICN Art. 48.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: H. [hothouse]. Native of Armenia
- COMMENTS: Validated by reference to the description of Mattia angustifolia by G. Don (Gen. Hist. 4: 310. 1837–1838), but excluding its basionym (Cynoglossum angustifolium Willd.) which is referred to Paracaryum angustifolium (Willd.) Boiss. (see Jackson, Index Kew. 1: 686. 1893; 2: 423. 1894).
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum caespitosum (A. DC.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Türkisches Armenien: auf dem Bingöldagh, zwischen Geröll (Kotschy Suppl. n. 695) [from protologue]. Syntype: JE (JE00013771*)
- IPNI: Rindera cristulata Lipsky -- Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada xxvi. 570 (1910). (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum cristulatum (Lipsky) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum cristulatum (Lipsky) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Сыръ-Дар. Обд.: Кеңдыръ-аүсъ ңа Анґреңъ, ЦВ. И ПЛ.. 18 мая 1880 (Myca! въ ґерб. А. Реґеля) [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: At our request, A. Sennikov (Helsinki) has kindly looked into the question of relative priority of the competing heterotypic synonyms, Rindera turkestanica Kusn. and R. cristulata Lipsky. His results can be summarised as follows. The journal volume in which R. turkestanica appears is dated as printed in March 1910; the tome with R. cristulata only bears the date 1910 but was received in Tartu later: In the bibliographic section of Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Jurievsk. Univ. (vol. 11. 1910), the former is mentioned on p. 288 (fasc. 3), the latter on p. 383 (fasc. 4). This is consistent with publication in March and some time in summer, respectively (as here assumed), and supports the choice of names operated by Popov (in Komarov, Fl. SSSR 19: 583. 1953). The tricky question is whether Lipsky’s work, titled “Materialy dlja flory Srednej Azii III” and bearing dual (journal and separate) pagination, might have been published separately in advance. It bears a second title page with dates 1907—1909, and on p. 118 = (4) Lipsky states that the work, largely ready by 1906, was printed gradually: pp. 119—437 in 1907, pp. 437—616 in 1909; that he gave printed pages to “other persons”, and that his unpublished [sic!] work had already been cited. However, circumstantial evidence suggests that what was distributed (to at least Boris Fedčennko and perhaps a few others) is best regarded as proofs and, as such, was not effectively published. Under Cynoglossum the question is fortunatly irrelevant, as the epithet turkestanicum is no longer available in that genus.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum graecum (A. DC.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. P. [in herbario Petropolitano, LE]. M[attia] graeca var. bracteata BOISS. et ORPH. In hrb. ORPHANIDEO sub. N° 511. In Euboea, in cacumine montis Delphi, alt. 5500’, ORPHAN [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum graecum (A. DC.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Samos: auf dem Berge Ambelos (Forsyth Major n. 410; Herb. Boiss.) Mykale (Forsyth Major n. 665) [from protologue]. Isosyntype: Major 410, GH (GH00097202*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. A. P. J. Th.; in Armenia rossica. – In Schuragel prope Humri, c. 4500’ et pr. Aschtarak versus m. Alagös. JE 693. C. KOCH. Annawank. KOCH. Dshelach-Oglu. WILHELMS. Alexandropol. LAGOWSKI. Ssuchoi Fontan, dist. Novo-Bajaset, prov. Erivan. MYLOW. Inter m. Ararat major. Et minor. BGE. Urmus. CHRISTOPH [from protologue]
- COMMENTS: Allegedly based on the illegitimate Mattia eriantha Ledeb., but better considered as the name of a new taxon with its own description and original material, as cited.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. A. P. Rindera punctata et Mattia punctata HELDR. in sched. in Lycaonia, in silvaticis et arenosis vulcanicis m. Karadagh. HELDREICH [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. P. A. in Armenia rossica et Persia boreali. Sorab-chan. MASSALSKY. In herbidis montium vallis Koschadara. N° 416. SZOVITZ. In alpinis montis Ssahend, prov. Aderbeidzan, Persiae bor., prope Herbi, in declivibus lapidosis. 6000'. N° 558. BUHSE [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. P. J. Th. in Armeniâ turcicâ et rossicâ. Szandschak Gümüschkhane. Moaldasdagh, in pascuis subalpinis. N° 5834. P. SINTENIS. In Ponto austr., inter p. Kerekli et Koesse (ad SSE urbis Gümüschkhane), declivit. occid. m. Koesse-dagh, 1800-2000 m. TCHIH. In arvis incultis inter Baibout et Ispir. N° 196. BOURGEAU. Armenia rossica. Prov. Kars, distr. Kagysman, in m. Kara-dash. MICHAILOWSKY [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum lanatum Lam.]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossum Orientale, flore roseo, profunde laciniato, calyce tomentoso Tournef. Coroll. (1703) 7. Armenien (Herb. Gundelsheimer). [from protologue] Syntype: M (M0174155*)
- IPNI: Rindera tetraspis Pall. -- Reise i. 486. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum tetraspis (Pall.) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum laevigatum L. 1774, nom. illeg.
≡ Cynoglossum rindera Pallas 1789, nom. illeg.
≡ Rindera laevigata Roem. & Schult. 1819, nom. illeg.
≡ Cynoglossum tetraspis (Pall.) Greuter & Burdet 1981 - BASIS: Original material: Tab. F. fig. 1. 2. A me [Pallas] lecta in collibus ad Kinel fluuium … In deserto scilicet trans Rhymnum, 20 circiter ab vrbe stadiis, ad montes secundum quo via est ad salinas Ilezkienses; et item citra Iaikum in collibus vltra riuulum nigrum … in Iaicum defluentem, fortulitiumque a riuo nominatum … [from protologue]. Original specimens: BM (BM001014428*, BM001014429, BM001014430*, BM001014431*, BM001014432*), M (M0188108*, M0188110*), S (S12-4645*, S12-4647*, S12-4648*, S12-4649*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum tetraspis (Pall.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. A. J. In locis stepposis Rossiae europ. australis, Sibiriae occid. et Turkestaniae. - Sarepta. BECKER. WUNDALICH. Ad Wolgam. Bogdo. BECKER. Ad Bogdo majorem et prope Orenburg. LESSING. Astrachan. In arenosis derserti Tatarici ad Jaïkum, Wolgam et Sarpam. In Altai. Hb. BUGD. S.-W. Altai. In Salsuginosis ad fl. Narym. SSJEDELNIKOW. Loktjewsk. GEBLER. Minussinsk, in salsuginosis Ulbatsky. MARTJANOFF. Soongoria. Tschim. SCHRENK. Atassu et Apikoi. SCHRENK. Prope Ajagus et Alassu. SCHRENK. in itinere ad Dshartatskoi Piket. SCHRENK. Desertum trans fluv. Ural. Ad fl. Irgiz. BORSZCZOW. Ad. fl. Janschy-Kairakty. BORSZCZOW. Desertum Aralense Kara-Kum. Inter Djideli et Tåuguruk-ssor. BORSZCZOW [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum tetraspis (Pall.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: v. s. in h. A. J. In locis stepposis Rossiae europ. et Turkestaniae. - Ad Wolgam. Sarepta. WUNDALICH. Soongoria. Atassu et Apikoi. SCHRENK. Turkestania. Almaty. A. REGEL [from protologue]
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum L.]
- STATUS: sect. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original type: Solenanthus apenninus (L.) Hohen. (1838)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Solenanthus karateginus Lipsky -- Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada xxiii. 196. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum karateginum (Lipsky) Greuter & Stier
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum karateginum (Lipsky) Greuter & Stier 2015 - BASIS: Original material: Сыръ-дарьин. обл.: Hа горѣ Чимганъ въ Ташкент. Алатау, 7.000-8.500’, цв. 21 іюня 1881 (А. Регель). Семирч. обл.: Юужн. Склонъ горъ Сусамыръ-тау плод. и цв. 8 іюля 1888 (Фетиовъ). Каратегинъ: Оз. Яашиль-куль, 3.800 метр. Быс., цв. 24 іюня 1889 (Громбчевскій). Долина Кара-шура, въ хребтѣ Петра В., 11.000’, цв. и плод. 20 іюля 1897 [Липскій]. Ледникъ Зери-Заминъ, цв. 17 іюля 1897 [Липскій]. Дарвазъ: Въ горахъ Дарваза, цв. апр. 1884 (Муса въ герб. А. Регеля). Перевалъ Рабатъ въ Дарвазскомъ хребтѣ, 10.000’, цв. 6 іюля 1897 [Липскій]. Ледникъ Абдулъ-Гасанъ, цв. 23 іюля 1899 [Липскій] [from protologue]
Solenanthus kokanicus Regel in Izv. Imp. Obshch. Lyubit. Estestv. Moskovsk. Univ. 34(2) [Putesh. Turkest. 3(18)]: 60
(‘olgae’), 89. 1882: 89 1882
- IPNI: Solenanthus lanatus Murb. -- in Act. Univ. Lund. xxxiv. Afd. II. no. 7 16. 1898 (IK)
- STATUS: [isonym]
- REFERENCE: Link
- COMMENTS: Murbeck rejects Candolle’s earlier, identical combination on the grounds that, when proposed, it had been misapplied to a different plant. That combination is nevertheless based on the Linnean basionym (ICN, Art. 7.3), so that Murbeck’s alleged new combination is in fact a later isonym (ICN, Art. 6 Note 2) rather than an illegitimate homonym.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum mathezii Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: [Algeria], El-Achir (Constantine) [from protologue]. Syntypes: MPU (MPU000370*, MPU000371*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum circinnatum (Ledeb.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: f. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Am Lalesar, nahe den Schneefeldern, 3600m (18. VII. 1892; no. 3911, specimina pumila florifera 20 cm tantum alta) [from protologue]
- IPNI: Solenanthus reverchonii Degen -- Magyar Bot. Lapok ii. 311. (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: Cynoglossum reverchonii (Degen) Greuter & Burdet
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Cynoglossum reverchonii (Degen) Greuter & Burdet 1981 - BASIS: Original material: Cynoglossum Reverchoni O. DEBEAUX ap. REVERCHON exsicc. 1902 No. 1190; 1903 No. 1190. Hispania. In Regni granatensis pinetis montis Sierra del Cuartos, sol. calc.: alt. c. 1800 m. rarum detexit oculatissimus E. REVERCHON m. Jul. 1902 fructiferum (Exsicc.: Plantes d’Espagne 1902 No 1190 sub Cynoglosso Reverchoni DEBEAUX). In provinciae Jaen aridis montis Sierra de Castril, sol. calc.; alt. c. 1800 m. . jun. et Jul. 1903 florentem fructiferumque iterum legit E. REVERCHON (Exsicc.: Plantes d’Espagne 1903 No. 1190 s. n. Cynogl. Reverchoni DEB.) [from protologue] [those labelled Solenanthus reverchonii, mostly in print, were distributed later and do not qualify!]: Sierra del Cuarto, FR (FR0031606*), M (M0174178*), P (P00597510*, P00597511*), W (W1927-0005449), S (S11-35208*); Sierra de Castril: GH (GH00092803*), etc.
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum circinnatum (Ledeb.) Greuter & Burdet]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Sultanabad, in fauce Girdu; 21. IV. 1889, [Strauss] (Hausskn. herb. sub S. petiolari DC) [from protologue]. Syntypes: JE (JE00013320*, JE00013321*, JE00013322*)
- IPNI: absent (2014-11-06)
- ASSESSMENT: [Cynoglossum stamineum Desf.]
- STATUS: var. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- BASIS: Original material: Sintenis exsicc. (no. 2545; von Jailabaschi bei Egin am Euphrat) [from protologue]. Holotype: JE (JE00016093*)
- IPNI: absent (2013-04-12)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [sine descr. lat., ICN Art. 39.1]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: absent (2013-04-12)
- STATUS: nom. inval. [nom. nud.]
- REFERENCE: Link
- IPNI: Tysonia glochidiata R.Mill -- Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 289. 1979 (IK)
- ASSESSMENT: accepted
- STATUS: spec. nov.
- REFERENCE: Link
- SYNONYMY:
≡ Afrotysonia glochidiata (R. R. Mill) R. R. Mill 1986 - BASIS: Original material: Type: Natal, Alfred District, Weza, Zuurberg, 1585 m, in forest margin scrub, corolla lobes creamy, tube mauvish, 3 iii 1974, Hillard 5487 (holo. E, iso. K NU) [from protologue]. Syntypes: E (E00193306*, E00193307*)