AnimaliaSquamataColubridaePyronR. AlexanderGuayasaminJuan M.PeñafielNicolásBustamanteLucasArteagaAlejandroSystematics of Nothopsini (Serpentes, Dipsadidae), with a new species of Synophis from the Pacific Andean slopes of southwestern EcuadorZookeys1122015201554110914710.3897/zookeys.541.6058 Synophis plectovertebralis Sheil & Grant, 2001Holotype.

UVC 11858, from Hacienda San Pedro, about 6 km south El Queremal, Municipio Dagua, Departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia.

Paratype.

UVC 11580, from type locality.

Etymology.

From the Latin plecto- for “braided” or “woven” and veretbralis for “vertebrae,” referring to the appearance of the interlocking zygapophyses viewed from above (Sheil and Grant 2001).

Description.

Relatively small (~200mm SVL) dipsadine snakes of the Pacific versant of the Andean Highlands of W Colombia, diagnosable by 24 maxillary teeth, 7 or 8 infralabials, 7 or 8 supralabials, fused prefrontals, internasals in contact, loreal present, 1 postocular, nuchal collar present, 144–147 ventrals, 79–91 subcaudals, dorsal scales in 19-19-17 weakly keeled rows, neural spines expanded and flattened, and laterally expanded zygapophyses forming a partially interlocking complex. The type locality is a middle elevation (~1800m) cloud forest. Both known specimens were collected in moist leaf litter; one was active at night. The stomach of the holotype contained a Ptychoglossus stenolepis (Sauria: Gymnophthalmidae).

Notes.

Known only from the holotype and paratype (apparently juveniles), though other material has apparently been collected in Colombia, near the type locality (T. Grant and E. Meneses-Pelayo, pers. comm.). The hemipenes have not been examined. A more detailed description of the two specimens is provided by Sheil and Grant (2001).

Given our restriction of the name, we also provide the following re-description of the re-delimited Nothopsini. Note that we have not performed a comparative examination of a large series of preserved material, and these data are summarized from the literature (Dunn and Dowling 1957; Savage 2002; Kohler 2008; McCranie 2011) to provide a basis for future revisions.

SheilCAGrantT (2001) A new species of colubrid snake (Synophis) from western Colombia. Journal of Herpetology 35: 204209. doi: 10.2307/1566109 DunnERDowlingHG (1957) The neotropical snake genus Nothopsis Cope. Copeia 1957: 255261. doi: 10.2307/1439148 SavageJM (2002) The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. KohlerG (2008) Reptiles of Central America. Herpeton Verlag Elke Kohler, Offenbach, 2nd edition, 400 pp. McCranieJR (2011) The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp.