Supplementary Materials

This PDF file includes:

  • fig. S1. Sketch showing the subcellular cross-section areas of the NET probes in comparison with other representative neural probes.
  • fig. S2. Drastically reduced bending stiffness and tissue displacement per electrode of the NET probes compared with other representative neural probes.
  • fig. S3. In vitro measurement of the bending force from suspended NET probes.
  • fig. S4. Shuttle device fabrication and in vivo insertion force measurement.
  • fig. S5. Typical unit recording examples and their detection consistency over 4 months.
  • fig. S6. Interneuron recording and tracking compared between a NET-50 electrode and a tetrode.
  • fig. S7. Twice-a-month measurements for 4 months from all electrodes that recorded sortable single-unit APs.
  • fig. S8. 3D reconstruction of 2P images of the capillary networks (green) surrounding two NET-50 probes (red) at acute, 1 week, 1 month, and 2 months after implantation.
  • fig. S9. Z projections of in vivo 2P images of astrocytes from the contralateral hemisphere of the same mouse as in Fig. 4E.
  • fig. S10. Bright-field and fluorescent images of postmortem tissue slices at the probe-tissue interface 5 months after implantation.
  • fig. S11. In vitro EIS of a NET electrode that was soaked in saline at 37°C for 35 days.
  • fig. S12. Real-time recording trace (300 Hz high-pass filter applied) from two adjacent channels showing distinct features and little cross-talk.
  • table S1. Animal- and probe-specific recording performance over time.
  • Legends for movies S1 to S5
  • References (46, 47)

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Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following:

  • movie S1 (.avi format). A typical implantation procedure of the NET probe.
  • movie S2 (.avi format). The NET-vasculature integration 2 months after implantation.
  • movie S3 (.avi format). In vivo 2P images of inactive astrocytes and intact capillary network around a folded segment of a NET-50 probe 3 months after implantation.
  • movie S4 (.avi format). In vivo 2P images of neurons and two NET-10 probes
    1.5 and 2.5 months after implantation.
  • movie S5 (.avi format). 3D reconstruction of in vivo 2P images of neurons and two NET-10 probes 1.5 months after implantation (the same images as in
    movie S4, left).

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