This PDF file includes:

• fig. S1. The impact of pulsed electric fields on the diffusivity of Li⁺.
• fig. S2. Surface and cross-section SEM images of Li-metal electrodes cycled with or without pulse current.
• fig. S3. Cell lifetime at various T_on with fixed frequencies.
• fig. S4. Voltage-time profiles of cells cycled with pulse current at fixed T_on = 1 s.
• fig. S5. Voltage-time profiles of cells cycled with pulse current at fixed T_on/T_off = 1:5.

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