PlantaeAsparagalesOrchidaceaeRaskotiBhakta BahadurSchuitemanAndréJinWei-TaoJinXiao-HuaA taxonomic revision of Herminium L. (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae)PhytoKeys194201720177917410.3897/phytokeys.79.11215 Herminium clavigerum (Lindl.) X.H. Jin, Schuit., Raskoti & L.Q. Huang, Cladistics 2015.Figs 6N, 7N Habenaria densaWall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 326. 1835. Type: Nepal, Wallich N., 7046 (Holotype: K-WALLICH!). Habenaria clavigera(Lindl.) Dandy, J. Bot. 68: 246. 1930. Platantheroides densa(Wall. ex Lindl.) Szlach., Richardiana 4: 106. 2004. Habenella clavigera(Lindl.) Szlach. & Kras-Lap., Richardiana 6: 34. 2006.Basionym.

Platanthera clavigera Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 289. 1835.

Type.

INDIA, Himachal Pradesh, Simla, 08.1831, Dalhousie C., s.n. (Holotype: K-LINDL; Isotype K! [K000247390]).

Description.

Plant 12–70 cm tall. Tubers, ovoid, 1–2 × 0.6–1 cm. Stem with 2 or 3 tubular sheaths at base and 4–5 spaced leaves above middle. Leaves ovate to elliptic, 4–10 × 1–4 cm, apex acuminate. Inflorescence 20–36 cm, peduncle cylindrical with 1 foliaceous bract; rachis 5–28 cm, densely many flowered; floral bracts longer than ovary, lanceolate, 5–20 cm, apex acuminate. Flowers yellowish green; pedicel and ovary cylindrical-fusiform, apex beaked, 6–12 mm. Dorsal sepal broadly ovat-elliptic, 3–5 × 2–2.5 mm, margin ciliate, apex obtuse; lateral sepals obliquely elliptic-oblong, 3–5.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, margin ciliate, apex obtuse. Petals obliquely oblong-ovate, 3–5 × 2–2.5 mm, apex acute. Lip lingulate, 4–5.5 × 1–1.5 mm, entire, apex obtuse; disk with a conic callus in front of mouth of spur; spur pendulous, clavate, 5–6 mm, much shorter than ovary. Column 5 mm; staminodes small, elliptic; anther locules nearly parallel; pollinia subglobose, with very short caudicles, viscidia orbicular; rostellum erect, triangular; stigma lobes separate, raised, shortly clavate to narrowly oblong, spreading on either side of base of lip.

Flowering time.

August–September.

Habitat.

Terrestrial in forest margins and on grassy slopes at elevations of 2300–3400 m.

Distribution.

Bhutan, China, India, Nepal.

Specimens examined.

CHINA: Tibet, Cona county, 3200 m, 09.09.1975, Qinghai-Tibet Team, 751858 (PE); Cona county, Mama town, 3040 m, 06.08.1974, Qinghai-Tibet Team, 2257 (PE); Cona county, Le town, 2430 m, 08.08.1974, Qinghai-TibetTeam, 2477 (PE); Cona county, Le bu courtyard, 2789 m, 07.09.2012, FLPH Tibet Expedition, 12–0655 (PE); Gyirong county, 2895 m, 07.08.2010, PE-Tibet Team, 00304 (PE); Gyirong county, 3200 m, 19.07.1975, Qinghai-Tibet Team, 4713 (PE); Gyirong county, 3050 m, 24.07.1975, Qinghai-Tibet Team,4789 (PE); Nyalam county, 2800 m, 14.08.1972, Tibetan Herb Survey Team, 1191 (PE), Yadong county, 3012 m, 28.08.2010, PE-Tibet Team, 02178 (PE); Yadong county, 2700 m, 11.08.1974, Qinghai-Tibet Team, 74–2255 (PE).

INDIA: Sikkim, Donang, 3050 m, 10.08.1943, Pradhan J., s.n. (K); Uttarakhand, Kumaon, 17.09.1900, Inayat, 24066 (K).

NEPAL: Bagmati, Rasuwa District, Dhunche, 1820 m, 27.08.1977, Saiju H. K., and Amatya P. M., 1777 (KATH); Janakpur, Dolakha District, 2400 m, 31.08.1983, Rajbhandari K. R., 9542 (KATH); Koshi, Dhankuta District, Chitre, 2000 m, 19.09.1983, Saiju H. K., Joshi L., Pradhan N., and Subedi M. N.,1 (KATH); Mahakali, Darchula District, Thin, 2300 m, 27.08.1980, Rajbhanari K. R. and Malla K. J. 5635 (KATH); Mechi, Ilam District, Hile, 2420 m, 06.10.1977, Pradhan P., Rajbhandari K. R. and Niraula R. 265 (KATH).

Dorsal sepal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. macrophyllum H H. glossophyllum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. handelii L H. elisabethae M H. himalayanum N H. clavigerum O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. mannii R H. biporosum.

Lateral sepal of Herminium. A H. monorchis B H. chloranthum C H. pygmaeum D H. josephi E H. monophyllum F H. lanceum G H. macrophyllum H H. glossophyllum I H. coeloceras J H. fallax K H. gracile L H. elisabethae M H. himalayanum N H. clavigerum O H. quinquelobum P H. macrophyllum Q H. lanceum R H. biporosum.