This PDF file includes:

• fig. S1. Microglial repopulation in the adult wild-type mouse retina in a pharmacological (PLX5622) model of microglial depletion demonstrates a center-to-peripheral, vitreal-to-scleral progression.
  
• fig. S2. Repopulating Iba1⁺ cells undergo progressive morphological maturation to recapitulate morphologies of endogenous retinal microglia in the CX3CR1^CreER-DTA model of microglial depletion.
  
• fig. S3. Repopulating Iba1⁺ cells undergo progressive morphological maturation to recapitulate morphologies of endogenous retinal microglia in the PLX5622-mediated model of microglial depletion.
  
• fig. S4. Repopulating Iba1⁺ cells demonstrate transient expression of markers of microglial activation and replication in the CX3CR1^CreER-DTA model of microglial depletion.
  
• fig. S5. Repopulating Iba1⁺ cells demonstrate transient expression of markers of activation and replication in the PLX5622-induced model of microglial depletion.
  
• fig. S6. Microglial repopulation rescues deterioration of retinal function induced by microglia depletion in the PLX5622 model.
  
• fig. S7. Intravitreal delivery of exogenous CX3CL1 accelerates microglial repopulation.
  
• fig. S8. Estimation of cell proliferation dynamics during the repopulation process: Proliferation rates of residual microglia are sufficient to regenerate cells observed during the repopulation process.
  
• Legends for movies S1 to S3

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Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following:

• movie S1 (.avi format). Dynamic migration and in situ replication of repopulating microglia in the retina.
  
• movie S2 (.avi format). Dynamic migration and replication of repopulating microglia slow down as microglial density increases in the retina.
  
• movie S3 (.avi format). Repopulating microglia demonstrate dynamic motility in their processes at baseline and in response to exogenous ATP that are similar to that in endogenous microglia.