This PDF file includes:

• table S1. Isotopic compositions of the starting materials, standards, and samples.
  
• table S2. Description of the studied samples.
  
• table S3. Mass balance calculations of isotopic compositions of the bulk composition for the starting materials and the high-pressure and high-temperature carbonate fluid.
  
• fig. S1. SEM images of the FIB preparation, cut on one side of the seed and on the other side to obtain the final slices.
  
• fig. S2. Details of the samples analyzed with the NanoSIMS.
  
• fig. S3. NanoSIMS maps of ¹²C for each investigated sample showing the locations of the areas of interest (red squares) corresponding to the location of the measurements reported in table S1 and Fig. 1.
  
• Reference (33)

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