This PDF file includes:

• Supplementary Methods
• Fig. S1. Photos of field sites and seed predator signs.
• Fig. S2. Mean seed predation by site.
• Fig. S3. Geographic trends in total predation on sunflower versus oat seeds.
• Fig. S4. Large-scale patterns emerged despite variation among the 18 transects.
• Fig. S5. Snow cover could steepen latitudinal and elevational interaction gradients.
• Fig. S6. Correlations between continuous environmental variables.
• Fig. S7. Path diagrams of SEM1 to SEM9.
• Table S1. Transect details.
• Table S2. Relative performance of SEMs.
• Table S3. Multispecies surveys of time to germination.
• References (51–75)

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