This PDF file includes:

• Fig. S1. Schematic for the synthesis of UCNPs-Cas9.
• Fig. S2. The structure of UCNPs confirmed by HRTEM and SAED pattern.
• Fig. S3. The surface modification process of UCNPs.
• Fig. S4. Photocleavage reaction triggered by NIR light on the surface of UCNPs.
• Fig. S5. Cellular internalization of UCNPs-Cas9@PEI monitored by confocal microscopy.
• Fig. S6. The viability of cells treated under different conditions.
• Fig. S7. The assay of EGFP expression in cells.
• Fig. S8. Cell viabilities observed by CLSM images.
• Fig. S9. The biocompatibility analysis of UCNPs-Cas9@PEI.

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