Participants in the Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration

Collaborators: Argentina: R Altman, L Carreras, R Diaz, E Figueroa, E Gurfinkel, E Paolasso, JC Parodi. Australia: M Brooks, JF Cade, GD Cope, M Davis, G Donnan, D Dunbabin, MJ Eadie, J French, TP Gavaghan, K Gotch-Martin, G Hankey, B Hockings, EF O’Sullivan, D Parkin, R Parsons, D Pitt, JTG Renny, C Silagy, RR Taylor, P Thompson. Austria: W Klein, G Kretschmer, E Minar, E Pilger, H Vinazzer (deceased), F Zekert. Belgium: H Adriaensen (deceased), JM Bertrand-Hardy, M Bran, RW Brower, J Col, JL David, J Dricot, E Lavenne-Pardonge, R Limet, A Lowenthal (deceased), M Moriau, S Schapira, P Smets, J Symoens (deceased), F Van de Werf, P Vanhove, R Verhaeghe, M Verstraete. Brazil: A Atallah, E Sousa. Canada: H Barnett, R Batista, J Blakely, JA Cairns, S Connolly, R Cote, J Crouch, G Evans, JM Findlay, M Gawell, M Gent*, Y Langlois, A Laupacis, J LeClerc, J Norris, GF Pineo, PJ Powers, R Roberts, L Schwartz, J Sicurella, W Taylor, P Théroux, AGG Turpie, RD Weisel, S Yusuf*. Chile: R Diaz. China: J Cui, L Liu, JX Xie. Croatia: A Jovic. Czech Republic: J Pirk, V Rohn. Denmark: C Bay, G Boysen, JB Knudsen, E Lindstrom, P Petersen, PS Sorenson, H Vissinger. Finland: PT Harjola, SA Mortensen. France: JC Arcan, B Balkau, M Bertrand, J Blanchard, J-P Boissel, B Boneu, M-L Bourachot, MG Bousser, M Brochier, M Cloarec, G Cribier, M Dechavanne, P Drouin, A Elias, E Eschwège, A Franco, B Guiraud-Chaumeil, R Hugonot, A Leizorovicz*, Y Loria, L Michat, J Mirouze, E Panak, J Pasteyer, A Rascol, L Revol, M Roy, J Selles, G Slama, C Starkman, M Teule, N Thibult, M Verry, A Vahanian. Germany: FW Albert, K Andrassy, K Breddin, R Eckel, A Encke, J Frohlich, C Gottstein, J Harenberg, B Hartung, HW Heiss, H Hess, B Höfling, D Krause, G Latta, H Linke, D Loew, R Lorenz, A Machraoui, K Middleton, G Novak, M Oldendorf, C Özbek, D Raithal, C Ranke, R Reuter, G Schettler, J Schnitker, A Schömig, W Schoop, H Stiegler, U Tebbe, K Überla, G Vogel, M Weber. Greece: G Arapkis. Hong Kong: T Chan, CK Mok. Hungary: R Szabo. India: NP Misra, K Reddy. Italy: G Andreozzi, A Apollonio (deceased), A Auteri, F Balsano, A Basselini, F Barzizza, L Candelise, M Carnovali, M Catalano, N Ciaverella, G Ciuffetti, S Coccheri, M Cortellaro, G Corvi, V Coto, M D’Addato, G Davi, R De Caterina, T Di Perri, C Fieschi, MG Franzosi, M Galvani, R Gentile, C Giansante, L Gregoratti, P Gresele, D Inzitari, M Lavessari, A Libretti, B Magnani, E Mannarino, A Maresta, AV Mattioli, G Mattioli, G Melandri, M Milani, C Morocutti, M Neirotti, G Neri Serneri, G Pagano, G Palmieri, C Patrono, L Pedrini, V Pengo, M Pini, P Pandroni, P Pozzilli, C Pratesi, F Romeo, F Rovelli, G Rudelli, G Ruvolo, GP Signorini (deceased), G Tognoni, R Tramarin, F Violi. Japan: T Fujimora, K Hara, M Kagayama, S Kitamura, K Maeda, H Origasa, H Sasano, A Suzuki, H Tohgi, S Uchiyama, H Utsumi. Mexico: AM Garcia. Netherlands: A Algra, RW Brower, GJH Den Ottolander, AJ Funke Küpper, J van Gijn, H Hart, B Hellemons, LJ Kappelle, JA Knottnerus, PJ Koudstaal, M Langenberg, T Lemmens (deceased), J Lodder, M Pannebakker, SHA Peters, PW Serruys, A Van den Belt, J Van der Meer, AB Van der Vijgh, G Veen, FWA Verheugt, F Vermeer, G Veth. New Zealand: ER Nye, HD White, BF Williams. Norway: J Dale, J Eritsland, F Kontny, J Nordrehaug, PM Sandset, E Thaulow. Poland: M Kuch, Z Sadowski, K Zawilska. Romania: P Popescu, N Tiberiu. Russia: O Averkov. Spain:JR Domenech Aznar, E Estmatjes, J Garcia Rafanell, P Guiteras, I Izquierdo, J Lassierra, P Lopez-Trigo, A Oriol, L Pomar, E Rocha, F de la Gala Sanchez, J Sancho-Rieger, G Sanz. Sweden: ULF Berglund, D Bergqvist, C Blomstrand, M Boberg, M Britton, U Brodin, S Ekeström, C-E Elwin, G Frostfeldt, L Grip, K Grontoft, C Helmers, J Holm, L Janzon, L Jivegard, S Juul-Möller, H Mulec, JE Olsson, S Persson, G Rasmanis, A Rosen, K Samuelsson, J Soreft, N Wahlgren, L Wallentin. Switzerland: HR Baur, M Bokslag, A Bollinger, F Mahler, B Meier, M Pfisterer, N Pflüger. Thailand: C Sitthi-Amorn. United Kingdom: EJ Acheson, P Appleby, AW Asscher, A Aukland, C Baigent* (Coordinator), S Bala, I Barton†, P Bell, GVR Born, JP Branagan, N Brooks, MJ Brown, NL Browse, R Capildeo, M Carmalt, AE Carter, G Carson†, Z Chen*, ED Cooke, C Clyne (deceased), R Collins*, G Coutts, C Counsell*, DH Cove, PS Crowther, WF Cuthbertson, C Davies†, D De Bono (deceased), C Dickerson, J Dickinson, JA Dormandy, S Ell, P Elphinstone, P Elwood, PA Emerson, V Englishby, B Farrell, C Fickerstrand, M Flather, T Foley, T Foulds, KM Fox, P Franks, T Gardecki, M Gawal, AE Gent, AH Gershlick, J Godwin†, M Goldman, M Gould, C Gray, D Gray, R Gray, H Halls†, A Handley, H Handoll, MJG Harrison, GN Henderson, S Heptinstall, SF Hobbiger, P Houston†, D Jackson†, EW Jones, NAG Jones, S Jost, D Julian, J Kellett, RC Kester, J Krabshuis, S Lewington†, GDO Lowe, CN McCollum, J Mackenzie, G Mead†, TW Meade, D Mendelow, GK Morris, C Nichol, M Noble, R Norris, JR O’Brien, M Ogier†, T Ostley†, H Pan†, MJ Parry, S Parish, D Patel, R Peto*, J Powell, A Rahman, SM Rajah, S Richards, A Rickards, VC Roberts, P Roderick*, FC Rose, RW Ross Russell, PC Rubin, CV Ruckley, P Sandercock*, KM Shaw, MDM Shaw, JH Shelley, D Sinclair†, J Slattery, P Sleight†, SJ Smith, P Stewart-Long, T Stickland†, C Sudlow* (Assistant Coordinator), PM Sweetnam, V Tallis†, MJB Tansey, AM Telford, H Tindall, J Turney, HM Tyler, NC Varey, MP Vessey, MG Walker, MA Walker, CP Warlow*, RG Wilcox, H Willems, EH Wood. United States: HP Adams, S Arvan, E Barr, B Barton, RF Bedford, BL Bick, J Biller, S Bingham, S Bleich, BG Brown, T Bryant, J Buring, CF Cabot, P Canner, J Chesebro, OD Chrisman, GP Clagett, M Cohen, JA Colwell, M Dyken, D Ellis, M Ezekowitz, WS Fields, GA FitzGerald, C Furberg, V Fuster, S Goldman, JM Gore, J Granett, RM Green, D Green, R Hardy, LA Harker, WH Harris, RG Hart, WK Hass, C Hennekens, D Hill, J Hsia, M Hume, MC Igloe, K James, K-A Johannessen, G Johnson, S Jonas, S King, JP Kistler, G Knatterud, T Kohler, KG Lehmann, NJ Lembo, M Leon, D Lewis, E Lockhart, P Majerus, R McBride, MT McEnany, RM McKenna, JL Mehta, JS Meyer, B Moloney, T Moritz, DM Nicoloff, G Nycz, H Ono, GA Pantely, SJ Phillips, P Ridker, JT Robertson, R Rothbart, F Sax, EW Salzman, RD Sautter, RC Schlant, JA Schoenberger, MV Sengekontacket, G Sharma, D Singer, P Steele, R Sreedhara, KP Steinnagel, J Stratton, J Sullivan (deceased), G Timmis, JF Toole, MD Walker, CW White, M Wirecki, D Wombolt, R Wong, K Zadina, D Zucker (* Steering Committee, † Secretariat ).

Writing committee: C Baigent, C Sudlow, R Collins, R Peto.

References for web tables A and B. Posted as supplied by author

1. Elwood PC, Cochrane AL, Burr ML, Sweetnam PM, Williams GH, Welsby E, et al. A randomised controlled trial of acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of mortality from myocardial infarction. BMJ 1974;i:436-40

2. Elwood PC, Sweetnam PM. Aspirin and secondary mortality after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1979;ii:1313-5

3. Persantine-Aspirin Reinfarction Study (PARIS) Research Group. Persantine and aspirin in coronary heart disease. Circulation 1980;62(3):449-61

4. Klimt CR, Knatterud GL, Stamler J, Meier P. Persantine-aspirin reinfarction study. Part II. Secondary coronary prevention with persantine and aspirin. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986;7:251-69

5. Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study (AMIS) Research Group. AMIS: a randomized controlled trial of aspirin in persons recovered from myocardial infarction. JAMA 1980;243:661-9

6. Coronary Drug Project (CDP) Research Group. Aspirin in coronary heart disease. Circulation 1980;62(suppl V):59-62

7. Breddin K, Loew D, Lechner K, Uberla KK, Walter E. Secondary prevention of myocardial infarction: a comparison of acetylsalicylic acid, placebo and phenprocoumon. Haemostasis 1980;9:325-44

8. Anturane Reinfarction Trial (ART) Research Group. Sulfinpyrazone in the prevention of sudden death after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1980;302:250-6

9. Anturan Reinfarction Italian Study (ARIS) Research Group. Sulphinpyrazone in post-myocardial infarction. Lancet 1982;i:237-42

10. Vogel G, Fischer C, Huyke R. Prevention of reinfarction with acetylsalicylic acid. In: Breddin HK, Loew D, Uberla K. Prophylaxis of venous peripheral cardiac and cerebral vascular diseases with acetylsalicylic acid. Stuttgart: Schattauer, 1981:123-8

11. Gentile R, Laganà B, Calcagni S, Borgia MC, Baratta L. Efficacy of platelet inhibiting agents in the prevention of reinfarction in smoker patients. In: Proceedings of X World Congress of Cardiology. Washington: 1986:302 (Abstract 1724)

12. White HD, French JK, Hamer AW, Brown MA, Williams BF, Ormiston JA, et al. Frequent reocclusion of patent infarct-related arteries between 4 weeks and 1 year: effects of antiplatelet therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;25:218-23

13. Gent AE, Brook CG, Foley TH, Miller TN. Dipyridamole: a controlled trial of its effect in acute myocardial infarction. BMJ 1968;4:366-8

14. ISIS (International Study of Infarct Survival) Pilot Study Investigators. Randomized factorial trial of high-dose intravenous streptokinase, of oral aspirin and of intravenous heparin in acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 1987;8:634-42

15. ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17 187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet 1988;ii:349-60

16. Brochier ML, for the Flurbiprofen French Trial. Evaluation of flurbiprofen for prevention of reinfarction and reocclusion after successful thrombolysis or angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 1993;14:951-7

17. Funke Küpper AJ, Verheugt FWA, Jaarsma W, Roos JP. Failure of sulphinpyrazone to prevent left ventricular thrombosis in patients with AMI treated with oral anticoagulants. In: Proceedings of X World Congress of Cardiology. Washington: 1986:419 (Abstract 2414)

18. Verheugt FWA, van-der-Laarse A, Funke Küpper AJ, Sterkman LGW, Galema TW, Roos JP. Effects of early intervention with low-dose aspirin (100 mg) on infarct size, reinfarction and mortality in anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1990;66:267-70

19. Rasmanis G, Vesterqvist O, Green K, Edhag O, Henriksson P. Effects of intermittent treatment with aspirin on thromboxane and prostacyclin formation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1988;ii:245-7

20. Jones EW. A study of dazoxiben in the prevention of venous thrombosis after suspected myocardial infarction (MD Thesis). Nottingham: Nottingham University, 1987:111-24

21. Bjerre Knudsen J, Kjøller E, Skagen K, Gormsen J. The effect of ticlopidine on platelet functions in acute myocardial infarction. A double blind controlled trial. Thromb Haemost 1985;53:332-6

22. Johannessen K-A, Stratton JR, Thaulow E, Osterud B, Von Der Lippe G. Usefulness of aspirin plus dipyridamole in reducing left ventricular thrombus formation in anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1989;63:101-2

23. Wilcox RG, Richardson D, Hampton JR, Mitchell JRA, Banks DC. Sulphinpyrazone in acute myocardial infarction: studies on cardiac rhythm and renal function. BMJ 1980;281:531-4

24. Mitchell JRA, for GRAND (Glaxo Receptor Antagonist against Nottingham DVT) Study Group. Trial of thromboxane receptor antagonist as prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in suspected acute myocardial infarction. Uxbridge, Middlesex: Glaxo, 1987. (Glaxo internal report.)

25. Asasantin DVT nach Myokardinfarkt.:Bracknell, Berkshire: Boehringer Ingelheim, 1976. (Boehringer Ingelheim internal report.)

26. Lijnen P, Boelaert J, Van-Eeghem P, Daneels R, Schurgers M, de-Jaegere P, et al. Decrease in renal function due to sulphinpyrazone treatment early after myocardial infarction. Clin Nephrol 1983;19:143-6

27. Meijer A, Verheugt FWA, Werter CJPJ, Lie KI, van der Pol JMJ, van Eenige MJ. Aspirin versus coumadin in the prevention of reocclusion and recurrent ischaemia after successful thrombolysis:a prospective placebo-controlled angiographic study. Results of the APRICOT Study. Circulation 1993;87:1524-30

28. Fields WS, Lemak NA, Frankowski RF, Hardy RJ. Controlled trial of aspirin in cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1977;8:301-14

29. Fields WS, Lemak NA, Frankowski RF, Hardy RJ. Controlled trial of aspirin in cerebral ischemia. Part II: surgical group. Stroke 1978;9:309-18

30. Reuther R, Dorndorf W. Aspirin in patients with cerebral ischaemia and normal angiograms or non-surgical lesions. In: Breddin HK, Dorndorf W, Loew D, Marx R (eds). Acetylsalicylic acid in cerebral ischaemia and coronary heart disease. Stuttgart: Schattauer, 1978:97-106

31. Canadian Co-operative Study Group. A randomised trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in threatened stroke. N Engl J Med 1978;299:53-9

32. Gent M, Barnett HJM, Sackett DL, Taylor DW. A randomized trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in patients with threatened stroke. Results and methodologic issues. Circulation 1980;62(suppl V):97-105

33. Guiraud-Chaumeil B, Rascol A, David J, Boneu B, Clanet M, Bierme R. Prévention des récidives des accidents vasculaires cérébraux ischémiques par les anti-agrégants plaquettaires. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1982;138:367-85

34. Bousser MG, Eschwège E, Haguenau M, Lefauconnier JM, Thibult N, Touboul D, et al. "AICLA" controlled trial of aspirin and dipyridamole in the secondary prevention of athero-thrombotic cerebral ischaemia. Stroke 1983;14:5-14

35. Sorensen PS, Pedersen H, Marquardsen J, Petersson H, Heltberg A, Simonsen N, et al. Acetylsalicylic acid in the prevention of stroke in patients with reversible cerebral ischemic attacks. A Danish cooperative study. Stroke 1983;14:15-22

36. Britton M, Helmers C, Samuelsson K. High-dose acetylsalicylic acid after cerebral infarction. A Swedish co-operative study. Stroke 1987;18:325-34

37. Boysen G, Soelberg-Sørensen P, Juhler M, Andersen AR, Boas J, Olsen JS, et al. Danish very-low-dose aspirin after carotid endarterectomy trial. Stroke 1988;19:1211-5

38. ESPS Group. European stroke prevention study. Stroke 1990;21:1122-30

39. UK-TIA Study Group. The United Kingdom transient ischaemic attack (UK-TIA) aspirin trial: final results. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991;54:1044-54

40. Acheson J, Danta G, Hutchinson EC. Controlled trial of dipyridamole in cerebral vascular disease. BMJ 1969;i:614-5

41. Robertson JT, Dugdale M, Salky N, Robinson H. The effect of a platelet inhibiting drug (sulfinpyrazone) in the therapy of patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and minor strokes. Thromb et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 1975;34:598

42. Blakely JA. A prospective trial of sulfinpyrazone and survival after thrombotic stroke. In: Proceedings of VII International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 1979;42:161(Abstract 0382)

43. Gent M, Easton JD, Hachinski VC, Panak E, Sicurella J, Blakely JA, et al. The Canadian American ticlopidine study (CATS) in thromboembolic stroke. Lancet 1989;i:1215-20

44. Gent M, Blakely JA, Hachinski VC, Roberts RS, Barnett HJM, Bayer NH, et al. A secondary prevention randomized trial of suloctidil in patients with a recent history of thromboembolic stroke. Stroke 1985;16:416-24

45. Ross Russell RW. The effect of ticlopidine in patients with amaurosis fugax. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1985:(Sanofi internal report 105062-0051)

46. Roden S, Low-Beer T, Carmalt M, Cockel R, Green I. Transient cerebral ischaemic attacks - management and prognosis. Postgrad Med J 1981;57:275-8

47. Gawel M, Rose FC. Use of sulphinpyrazone in the prevention of re-stroke and stroke in man. In: Rose FC. Advances in stroke therapy. New York: Raven Press, 1982:158

48. Graham A. A trial of ticlopidine hydrochloride for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in high risk (post CVA) medical patients. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1987:(Sanofi internal report 001.6.188)

49. SALT Collaborative Group. Swedish aspirin low-dose trial (SALT) of 75mg aspirin as secondary prophylaxis after cerebrovascular ischaemic events. Lancet 1991;338:1345-9

50. Diener HC, Cunha L, Forbes C, Sivenius J, Smets P, Lowenthal A. European stroke prevention study 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicyclic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci 1996;143:1-13

51. ESPS 2 Group. European stroke prevention study: 2. Efficacy and safety data. J Neurol Sci 1997;151(suppl):S1-77

52. Utsumi H. Evaluation of utility of ticlopidine, an antiplatelet agent, for acute cerebral infarction. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1984:(Sanofi internal report 001.6.128.)

53. Ciuffetti G, Aisa G, Mercuri M, Lombardini R, Paltriccia R, Neri C, et al. Effects of ticlopidine on the neurologic outcome and the hemorheologic pattern in the postacute phase of ischemic stroke: A pilot study. Angiology 1990;41:505-11

54. CAST (Chinese Acute Stroke Trial) Collaborative Group. CAST: randomised placebo-controlled trial of early aspirin use in 20 000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 1997;349:1641-9

55. International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group. The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19 435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 1997;349:1569-81

56. Multicentre Acute Stroke Trial (MAST-I) Group. Randomised controlled trial of streptokinase, aspirin, and combination of both in treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 1995;346:1509-14

57. Pince J. Thromboses veineuses des membres inférieurs et embolies pulmonaires au cours des accidents vasculaires cérébraux. A propos d’un essai comparatif de traitment préventif.(Thèse pour le doctorat d’etat en médecine). Toulouse: Universite Paul Sabatier, 1981

58. Ohtomo E, Kutsuzawa T, Kogure K, Hirai S, Goto F, Terashi A , et al. Clinical usefulness of OKY-046 on the acute stage of cerebral thrombosis - double-blind trial in comparison with placebo. Riusho Iyako 1991;7:353-88

59. Lewis HD. Unstable angina: status of aspirin and other forms of therapy. Circulation 1985;72 (suppl V):155-60

60. Lewis HD, Davis JW, Archibald DG, Steinke WE, Smitherman TC, Doherty J, et al. Protective effects of aspirin against acute myocardial infarction and death in men with unstable angina. Results of a Veterans Administration cooperative study. N Engl J Med 1983;309:396-403

61. Cairns JA, Gent M, Singer J, Finnie KJ, Froggatt GM, Holder DA, et al. Aspirin, sulfinpyrazone, or both in unstable angina. Results of a Canadian multicenter trial. N Engl J Med 1985;313:1369-75

62. RISC Group. Risk of myocardial infarction and death during treatment with low dose aspirin and intravenous heparin in men with unstable coronary artery disease. Lancet 1990;336:827-30

63. Wallentin LC and the Research Group on Instability in Coronary Artery Disease in Southeast Sweden. Aspirin (75 mg/day) after an episode of unstable coronary artery disease: long-term effects on the risk for myocardial infarction, occurrence of severe angina and the need for revascularization. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;18:1587-93

64. ALDUSA. (Aspirin at Low Dose in Unstable Angina) pilot study. Report from the coordinating centre.:Lyon: Unité de Pharmacologie Clinique, 1987. (Unité de Pharmacologie Clinique unpublished report)

65. Balsano F, Rizzon P, Violi F, Scrutinio D, Cimminiello C, Aguglia F, et al. Antiplatelet treatment with ticlopidine in unstable angina: a controlled multicenter clinical trial. Circulation 1990;82:17-26

66. Scrutino D, Lagioia R, Rizzon P, on behalf of Studio della Ticlopidina nell’Angina Instabile Group. Ticlopidine treatment for patients with unstable angina at rest. A further analysis of the study of ticlopidine in unstable angina. Eur Heart J 1991;12(supplG):27-9

67. Prandoni P, Milani L, Barbiero M, Cardaioli P, Sanson A, Barbaresi F, et al. Trattamento dell’angina instabile con dipiridamolo associato a basse dosi di aspirina. Studio multicentrico pilota in doppio-cieco controllato. Minerva Cardioangiol 1991;39:267-73

68. Théroux P, Ouimet H, McCans J, Latour J-G, Joly P, Levy G, et al. Aspirin, heparin, or both to treat acute unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1105-11

69. Mehta JL. Ticlopidine Hydrochloride: A pilot study in unstable angina pectoris. Guildford:Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1983 (Sanofi internal report 001.6.156.)

70. Cohen M, Adams PC, Hawkins L, Bach M, Fuster V. Usefulness of antithrombotic therapy in resting angina pectoris or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction in preventing death and myocardial infarction (a pilot study from the antithrombotic therapy in acute coronary syndromes study group). Am J Cardiol 1990;66:1287-92

71. Plaza L, Lopez-Bescos L, Martin-Jadraque L, Alegria E, Cruz-Fernandez JM, Velasco J, et al. Protective effect of triflusal against acute myocardial infarction in patients with unstable angina: results of a Spanish multicenter trial. Cardiology 1993;82:388-98

72. Reggiani S, Mattioli G. Effects of Trapidil, a new inhibitor of thromboxane A2 synthetase, in patients with unstable angina. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992;19:238A (Abstract 942-65)

73. McEnany MT, Salzman EW, Mundth ED, DeSanctis RW, Harthorne JW, Weintraub RM, et al. The effect of antithrombotic therapy on patency rates of saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1982;83:81-9

74. Brooks N, Wright JE, Sturridge MF, Pepper J, Magee P, Walesby R, et al. Randomised placebo controlled trial of aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of coronary vein graft occlusion. Br Heart J 1985;53:201-7

75. Chesebro JH, Fuster V, Elveback LR, Clements IP, Smith HC, Holmes DR, et al. Effect of dipyridamole and aspirin on late vein-graft patency after coronary bypass operations. N Engl J Med 1984;310:209-14

76. Chevigné M, David JL, Rigo P, Limet R. Effect of ticlopidine on saphenous vein bypass patency rates: a double-blind study. Ann Thorac Surg 1984;37:371-8

77. Limet R, David JL, Magotteaux P, Larock M-P, Rigo P. Prevention of aorta-coronary bypass graft occlusion. Beneficial effect of ticlopidine on early and late patency rates of venous coronary bypass grafts: a double-blind study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987;94:773-83

78. Pantely GA, Goodnight SH, Rahimtoola SH, Harlan BJ, DeMots H, Calvin L, et al. Failure of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy to improve patency of grafts after coronary-artery bypass: a controlled, randomized study. N Engl J Med 1979;301:962-6

79. Brown BG, Cukingham RA, DeRouen T, Goede LV, Wong M, Fee HJ, et al. Improved graft patency in patients treated with platelet-inhibiting therapy after coronary bypass surgery. Circulation 1985;72:138-46

80. Meister W, von-Schacky C, Weber M, Lorenz RL, Kotzur J, Reichardt B, et al. Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/day) after aortocoronary bypass surgery: a placebo-controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1984;17:703-11

81. Goldman S, Copeland JG, Moritz T, Henderson WG, Zadina K, Ovitt T, et al. Improvement in early saphenous vein graft patency after coronary artery bypass surgery with antiplatelet therapy: results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. Circulation 1988;77:1324-32

82. Lavenne-Pardonge E, Col-de Beys C, Dion R, Ponlot R, Moriau M. Effect of antiaggregant on occlusion of saphenous graft coronary bypass. Thromb Haemost 1987;58:547 (Abstract 2024)

83. Sanz G, Parajon A, Alegria E, Coello I, Cardona M, Fournier JA, et al. Prevention of early aortocoronary bypass occlusion by low-dose aspirin and dipyridamole. Circulation 1990;82:765-73

84. Pfisterer M, Jockers G, Regenass S, Schmitt HE, Skarvan K, Hasse J, et al. Trial of low-dose aspirin plus dipyridamole versus anticoagulants for prevention of aortocoronary vein graft occlusion. Lancet 1989;ii:1-8

85. Rajah SM, Salter MCP, Donaldson DR, Subba-Rao R, Boyle RM, Partridge JB, et al. Acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole improve the early patency of aorta-coronary bypass grafts. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1985;90:373-7

86. Pirk J, Vojácek J, Kovác J, Fabian J, Firt P. Improved patency of the aortocoronary bypass by antithrombotic drugs. Ann Thorac Surg 1986;42:312-4

87. Thaulow E, Froysaker T, Dale J, Vatne K. Failure of combined acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole to prevent occlusion of aortocoronary venous bypass graft. Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987;21:215-20

88. Guiteras P, Altimiras J, Aris A, Auge JM, Bassons T, Bonal J, et al. Prevention of aortocoronary vein graft attrition with low-dose aspirin and triflusal, both associated with dipyridamole: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Heart J 1989;10:159-67

89. Gavaghan TP, Gebski V, Baron DW. Immediate postoperative aspirin improves vein graft patency early and late after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A placebo-controlled, randomized study. Circulation 1991;83:1526-33

90. Phillips SJ, Kongtahworn C, Zeff RH, Beshany SE. Aspirin and dipyridamole in aortocoronary bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 1980;302:866

91. Rothlin ME, Pflüger K, Speiser K, Geroulanos SJ, Goebel N, Turina M, et al. Clinical experience with anti-platelet drugs in aorta-coronary bypass surgery. Coronary Artery Disease Today 1982;557:413-9

92. Mortensen SA, Knudsen JB, Hjelms E, Efsen F. Pre- and post-operative platelet inhibition with ticlopidine in connexion with coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Eur Heart J 1983;4 (suppl 3):Abstract 001

93. Romeo F, Ruvolo G, Martuscelli E, Comito M, Cardona N, Colistra C, et al. Ticlopidine in the prevention of the block of aorto-coronary by-pass. In: Proceedings of satellite symposium of 83rd Congress of Italian society of Internal Medicine. Rome: 1982:155-60

94. Baur HR, Van Tassel RA, Pierach CA, Gobel FL. Effects of sulfinpyrazone on early graft closure after myocardial revascularization. Am J Cardiol 1982;49:420-4

95. Kohn RN. Study of the safety of perioperative administration of ticlopidine hydrochloride in coronary artery bypass surgery. Guildford:Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1990 (Sanofi internal report 001.6.186)

96. Teoh KH, Christakis GT, Weisel RD, Madonik MM, Ivanov J, Wong PY, et al. Blood conservation with membrane oxygenators and dipyridamole. Ann Thorac Surg 1987;44:40-7

97. Hockings BEF, Ireland MA, Gotch-Martin KF, Taylor RR. Placebo-controlled trial of enteric coated aspirin in coronary bypass graft patients. Effect on graft patency. Med J Aust 1993;159:376-8

98. Ekeström SA, Gunnes S, Brodin UB. Effect of dipyridamole (Persantin) on blood flow and patency of aortocoronary vein bypass grafts. Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990;24:191-6

99. Hacker RW, Troka M, Yukseltan I, Pohlmann V, Meier P, Zimmermann T, et al. Reduction of the vein graft occlusion rate after coronary artery bypass surgery by treatment with a thromboxane receptor antagonist. Z Kardiol 1989;78(suppl 3):48-9

100. Bertrand ME, Allain H, LaBlanche JM, on behalf of Investigators of the TACT Study. Results of a randomized trial of ticlopidine versus placebo for prevention of acute closure and restenosis after coronary angioplasty (PTCA): the TACT study. Circulation 1990;82(suppl III):190 (Abstract 0754)

101. Schwartz L, Bourassa MG, Lesperance J, Aldridge HE, Kazim F, Salvatori VA, et al. Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1714-9

102. White CW, Chaitman B, Knudtson ML, Chisholm RJ, and the Ticlopidine Study Group. Antiplatelet agents are effective in reducing the acute ischemic complications of angioplasty but do not prevent restenosis: results from the ticlopidine trial. Coronary Artery Dis 1991;2:757-67

103. Finci L, Höfling B, Ludwig B, Bulitta M, Steffino G, Etti H, et al. Sulotroban during and after coronary angioplasty. A double-blind placebo controlled study. Zeitschrift für Kardiologie 1989;78(suppl 3):50-4

104. Taylor RR, Gibbons FA, Cope GD, Cumpston GN, Mews GC, Luke P. Effects of low-dose aspirin on restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Am J Cardiol 1991;68:874-8

105. Nye ER, Isley CDJ, Ablett MB, Sutherland WHF, Robertson MC. Effect of eicosapentanoic acid on restenosis rate: clinical course and blood lipids in patients after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Aust N Z J Med 1990;20:549-52

106. Chesebro JH, Webster MW, Reeder GS, Mock MB, Grill DE, Bailey KR, et al. Coronary angioplasty: antiplatelet therapy reduces acute complications but not restenosis. Circulation 1989;80 (suppl II):II-64 (Abstract 0257)

107. Oriol A. Multicentre, double-blind study of triflusal in comparison to placebo in patients after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Barcelona, Spain: J. Uriach & Cía., S.A., 1995:(Internal report TRI1-90/IV-04)

108. Savage MP, Goldberg S, Bove AA, Deutsch E, Vetrovec G, Macdonald RG , et al. Effect of thromboxane A2 blockade on clinical outcome and restenosis after successful coronary angioplasty. Multi-Hospital Eastern Atlantic Restenosis Trial (M-HEART II). Circulation 1995;92:3194-200

109. Sbar S, Schlant RC. Dipyridamole in the treatment of angina pectoris. JAMA 1967;201:865-7

110. Becker MC. Angina pectoris: A double blind study with dipyridamole. Journal of the Newark Beth Israel Hospital 1967;18:88-94

111. Chesebro JH, Fuster V, Badimon L, Steele PM, Elveback LR. Platelet survival in coronary artery disease: good response to dipyridamole plus aspirin, partial response to low dose aspirin alone. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983;1:707(Abstract)

112. Berglund U, von Schenck H, Wallentin L. Effects of ticlopidine on platelet function in men with stable angina pectoris. Thromb Haemost 1985;54:808-12

113. Wirecki M. Treatment of angina pectoris with dipyridamole: a long-term double blind study. J Chronic Dis 1967;20:139-45

114. Juul-Möller S, Edvardsson N, Jahnmatz B, Rosén A, Sørensen S, Ömblus R, et al. Double-blind trial of aspirin in primary prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with stable chronic angina pectoris. Lancet 1992;340:1421-5

115. Goldman S, Copeland JG, Moritz T, Henderson W, Zadina K, Ovitt T, et al. Saphenous vein graft patency 1 year after coronary artery bypass surgery and effects of antiplatelet therapy: results of a Veterans Administration cooperative study. Circulation 1989;80:1190-7

116. Barzizza F, Zocchi MT, Magnani L. Antiplatelet drugs versus warfarin in treatment of intraventricular thrombi. Eur Heart J 1993;14(suppl):396 (Abstract P2118)

117. Den Ottolander GJH, van der Maas APC, Venn MP. The preventive value against venous thrombosis by treatment with ASA and RA-233 in patients with decompensated heart disease. In: Proceedings of III Congress International Society Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Washington 1972;40:414 (Abstract)

118. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF) Investigators. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation study. Final Results. Circulation 1991;84:527-39

119. Petersen P, Boysen G, Godtfredsen J, Andersen E, Andersen B. Placebo-controlled, randomized trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complications in chronic atrial fibrillation: the Copenhagen AFASAK study. Lancet 1989;i:175-9

120. Verheugt FWA, Galema TW. Warfarin to prevent thromboembolism in chronic atrial fibrillation. Lancet 1989;i:670

121. European Atrial Fibrillation Trial Study Group. Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke. Lancet 1993;342:1255-62

122. Fornaro G, Rossi P, Mantica PG, Caccia ME, Aralda D, Lavezzari M, et al. Indobufen in the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with heart disease. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Circulation 1993;87:162-4

123. Steele PM, Rainwater JO. Favorable effect of sulfinpyrazone on thromboembolism in patients with rheumatic heart disease. Circulation 1980;62:462-5

124. Taha TH, Durrant SS, Mazeika PK, Nihoyannopoulos P, Oakley CM. Aspirin to prevent growth of vegetations and cerebral emboli in infective endocarditis. J Intern Med 1992;231:543-6

125. Sitthi-Amorn C. A randomized trial of aspirin in chronic rheumatic heart disease. Unpublished protocol

126. Sullivan JL, Dwight E, Harken E, Gorlin R. Pharmacologic control of thromboembolic complications of cardiac-valve replacement. N Engl J Med 1971;284:1391-4

127. Altman R, Boullon F, Rouvier J, Raca R, de la Fuente L, Favaloro R. Aspirin and prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications in patients with substitute heart valves. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1976;72:127-9

128. Dale J, Myhre E, Storstein O, Stormorken H, Efskind L. Prevention of arterial thromboembolism with acetylsalicylic acid: a controlled clinical study in patients with aortic ball valves. Am Heart J 1977;94:101-11

129. Groupe de Recherche PACTE. Prévention des accidents thrombo-emboliques systémiques chez les porteurs de prosthèses valvulaires artificielles. Essai coopératif contrôle du dipyridamole. Coeur 1978;9:915-69

130. Pell E. Clinical studies using dipyridamole therapy to prevent thromboembolic accidents in individuals with artificial heart valves. Lyon: Claude Bernard University, 1975:2-51

131. Rajah SM, Sreeharan N, Rao SR, Watson DA. Warfarin versus warfarin and dipyridamole on the incidence of arterial thromboembolism in prosthetic heart valve patients. In: Proceedings of VII International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. London, 1979:160

132. Starkman C, Estampes B, Vernant P, Acar J. Prévention des accidents thromboemboliques systémiques chez les patients porteurs de prothèses valvulaires artificielles. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1982;75:85-8

133. Turpie AGG, Gent M, Laupacis A, Latour Y, Gunstensen J, Basile F, et al. A comparison of aspirin with placebo in patients treated with warfarin after heart-valve replacement. N Engl J Med 1993;329:524-9

134. Colwell JA, Bingham SF, Abraira C, Anderson JW, Comstock JP, Kwaan HC, et al. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study of antiplatelet agents in diabetic patients after amputation for gangrene:unobserved, sudden, and unexpected deaths. J Diabetes Complications 1989;3:191-7

135. Hess H, Mietaschk A, Deichsel G. Drug-induced inhibition of platelet function delays progression of peripheral occlusive arterial disease. A prospective double-blind arteriographically controlled trial. Lancet 1985;1:415-9

136. Janzon L, Bergqvist D, Boberg J, Boberg M, Eriksson I, Lindgarde F, et al. Prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with intermittent claudication; effects of ticlopidine. Results from STIMS, the Swedish Ticlopidine Multicentre Study. J Intern Med 1990;227:301-8

137. Aukland A, Hurlow RA, George AJ, Stuart J. Platelet inhibition with ticlopidine in atherosclerotic intermittent claudication. J Clin Pathol 1982;35:740-3

138. Arcan JC, Blanchard J, Boissel JP, Destors JM, Panak E, on behalf of the ACT Research Group. Multicenter double-blind study of ticlopidine in the treatment of intermittent claudication and the prevention of its complications. Angiology 1988;39:802-11

139. Ellis DJ. Treatment of intermittent claudication with ticlopidine. In: Proceedings of International Committee on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 32nd Meeting 1986;60:60 (Abstract addendum)

140. Stiegler H, Hess H, Mietaschk A, Trampisch HJ, Ingrisch H. Einfluß von ticlopidin auf die periphere obliterierende arteriopathie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1984;109:1240-3

141. Schoop W, Levy H. Prevention of peripheral arterial occlusive disease with antiaggregants. Thromb Haemost 1983;50:137 (Abstract 0416)

142. Schoop W, Levy H, Schoop B, Gaentzsch A. Experimentelle und klinische studien zu der sekundären prävention der peripheren arteriosklerose. In: Bollinger A , Rhyner K. (Eds) Thrombozytenfunktionshemmer, wirkungsmechanismen,dosierung und praktische. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1983:49-58

143. Schoop W. Spätergebnisse bei konservativer therapie der arteriellen verschlußkrankheit. Der Internist 1984;25:429-33

144. Jones NAG, de Haas H, Zahavi J, Kakkar W. A double-blind trial of suloctidil v placebo in intermittent claudication. Br J Surg 1982;69:38-40

145. Katsumura T, Mishima Y, Kamiya K, Sakaguchi S, Tanabe T, Sakuma A. Therapeutic effect of ticlopidine, a new inhibitor of platelet aggregation, on chronic arterial occlusive diseases, a double-blind study versus placebo. Angiology 1982;33:357-67

146. Balsano F, Coccheri S, Libretti A, Nenci GG, Catalano M, Fortunato G, et al. Ticlopidine in the treatment of intermittent claudication: a 21-month double-blind trial. J Lab Clin Med 1989;114:84-91

147. Stuart J, Aukland A, Hurlow RA, George AJ, Davies AJ. Ticlopidine in peripheral vascular disease. In: Proceedings of VI International Congress Mediterranean League Against Thrombosis 1980:75-87 (Abstract 73)

148. Adriaensen H. Medical treatment of intermittent claudication: a comparative double-blind study of suloctidil, dihydroergotoxine, and placebo. Curr Med Res Opin 1976;4:395-401

149. Hess H, Keil-Kuri E. Theoretische grundlagen der prophylaxe obliterierender arteriopathien mit aggregationshemmern und ergebnisse einer langzeitstudie mit ASS (Colfarit). In: Marx R, Breddin HK . (Eds) Proceedings of Colfarit Symposium III. Köln: Bayer, 1975:80-7

150. Shaw K. Assessment of the effect of ticlopidine on diabetic pre-gangrene. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1983:(Internal report 001.6.241)

151. Bourde C, Eschwège E, Verry M. Controlled clinical trial of an antiaggregating agent, ticlopidine, in vascular ulcers of the leg. Thromb Haemost 1981;46:91 (Abstract 0271)

152. Bourde C, Giraud D. Corrélations cliniques et téléthermographiques dans les ulcères de jambe d’origine vasculaire traités par un anti-aggrégant plaquettaire:la ticlopidine. JMM 1982;4:31-7

153. Holm J, Lindblad L, Scherstén T, Suurkula M. Intermittent claudication: Suloctidil vs placebo treatment. Vasa 1984;13:175-8

154. Cloarec M, Caillard P, Mouren X. Double-blind clinical trial of ticlopidine versus placebo in peripheral atherosclerotic disease of the legs. Thromb Res 1986;suppl VI:160 (Abstract 316)

155. Signorini GP, Salmistraro G, Maraglino G. Efficacy of indobufen in the treatment of intermittent claudication. Angiology 1988;39:742-5

156. Krause D. Double-blind study -ticlopidine versus placebo- in intermittent claudication. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1983:(internal report 001.6.170)

157. Verhaeghe R, van Hoof A, Beyens G. Controlled trial of suloctidil in intermittent claudication. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1981;3:279-86

158. Balsano F, Violi F, and the ADEP Group. Effect of picotamide on the clinical progression of peripheral vascular disease. A double-blind placebo-controlled study. Circulation 1993;87:1563-9

159. Blanchard JF, Carreras LO, Kindermans M, and the EMATAP Group. Results of EMATAP: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicentre trial of ticlopidine in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Nouv Rev Fr Hematol 1993;35:523-8

160. Neirotti M, Molaschi M, Ponzetto M, Macchione C, Poli L, Bonino F et al. Hemodynamic, hemorheologic, and hemocoagulative changes after treatment with picotamide in patients affected by peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower limbs. Angiology 1994;45:137-41

161. Lonsdale RJ, Heptinstall S, Westby JC, Berridge DC, Wenham PW, Hopkinson BR, et al. A study of the use of the thromboxane A2 antagonist, sulotroban, in combination with streptokinase for local thrombolysis in patients with recent peripheral arterial occlusions: clinical effects, platelet function and fibrinolytic parameters. Thromb Haemost 1993;69:103-11

162. Green RM, Roedersheimer LR, DeWeese JA. Effects of aspirin and dipyridamole on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft patency. Surgery 1982;92:1016-26

163. McCollum C, Alexander C, Kenchington G, Franks PJ, Greenhalgh R. Antiplatelet drugs in femoropopliteal vein bypasses: a multicenter trial. J Vasc Surg 1991;13:150-62

164. Donaldson DR, Salter MCP, Kester RC, Rajah SM, Hall TJ, Sreeharan N et al. The influence of platelet inhibition on the patency of femoro-popliteal Dacron bypass grafts. Vasc Surg 1985;19:224-30

165. Kohler TR, Kaufman JL, Kacoyanis G, Clowes AW, Donaldson MC, Kelly E, et al. Effect of aspirin and dipyridamole on the patency of lower extremity bypass grafts. Surgery 1984;96:462-6

166. Ehresmann U, Alemany J, Loew D. Prophylaxe von rezidivverschlüssen nach revaskularisationseingriffen mit acetylsalicylsäure. Med Welt 1977;28:1157-62

167. Comberg HU, Janssen EJ, Diehm C, Zimmermann R, Harenberg J, Walter E, et al. Sulfinpyrazon versus placebo nach operativer rekonstruktion der oberschenkeletage bei arterieller verschlusskrankheit. Vasa 1983;12:172-8

168. Blakely JA, Pogoriler G. A prospective trial of sulphinpyrazone after peripheral vascular surgery. Thromb Haemost 1977;38:238

169. Castelli P, Basellini A, Agus GB, Ippolito E, Pogliani EM, Colombi M, et al. Thrombosis prevention with ticlopidine after femoropopliteal thromboendarterectomy. Int Surg 1986;71:252-5

170. Goldman MR, McCollum C. A prospective randomised study to examine the effect of aspirin plus dipyridamole on the patency of prosthetic femoro-popliteal grafts. Vasc Surg 1984;18:217-21

171. Zekert F. Klinische anwendung von aggregationshemmern bei arterieller verschlußkrankheit. In: Zekert F. Thrombosen, Embolien und Aggregationshemmer in der Chirurgie. Stuttgart: Schattauer, 1975:68-72

172. Harjola PT, Meurala H, Frick MH. Prevention of early reocclusion by dipyridamole and ASA in arterial reconstructive surgery. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1981;22:141-4

173. Nevelsteen A, Mortelmans L, Van de Cruys A, Merckx E, Verhaeghe R. Effect of ticlopidine on blood loss, platelet turnover and platelet deposition on prosthetic surfaces in patients undergoing aorto-femoral bypass grafting. Thromb Res 1991;64:363-9

174. Heiss HW, Just H, Middleton D, Deichsel G. Reocclusion prophylaxis with dipyridamole combined with acetylsalicylic acid following PTA. Angiology 1990;41:263-9

175. Mahler F, Schneider E, Gallino A, Bollinger A. Combination of suloctidil and anticoagulation in the prevention of reocclusion after femoro-popliteal PTA. Vasa 1987;16:381-5

176. Oldendorf M. Unpublished data, 1998 (Personal Communication).

177. Study group on pharmacological treatment after PTA. Platelet inhibition with ASA/Dipyridamole after percutaneous balloon angioplasty in patients with symptomatic lower limb arterial disease. A prospective double-blind trial. Eur J Vasc Dis 1994;8:83-8

178. Kaegi A, Pineo GF, Shimizu A, Trivedi H, Hirsh J, Gent M. Arteriovenous-shunt thrombosis. Prevention by sulphinpyrazone. N Engl J Med 1974;290:304-6

179. Harter H, Burch J, Majerus P, Stanford N, Delmez J, Anderson CF et al. Prevention of thrombosis in patients on hemodialysis by low-dose aspirin. N Engl J Med 1979;301:577-9

180. Andrassy K, Malluche H, Barnefeld H, Comberg M, Ritz E, Jesdinsky H. Prevention of p.o. clotting of av Cimino fistulae with acetylsalicylic acid. Klin Wochenschr 1974;52:348-9

181. Kobayashi K, Maeda K, Koshikawa S, Kawaguchi Y, Shimizu N, Naito C. Antithrombotic therapy with ticlopidine in chronic renal failure patients on maintenance hemodialysis - A multicentre collaborative double blind study. Thromb Res 1980;20:255-61

182. Ell S, Mihindukulasuriya JCL, O’Brien JR, Polak A, Vernham G. Ticlopidine in the prevention of blockage of fistulae and shunts. Haemostasis 1982;12:180

183. Fiskerstrand CE, Thompson IW, Burnet ME, Williams P, Anderton JL. Double-blind randomized trial of the effect of ticlopidine in arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Artif Organs 1985;9:61-3

184. Dodd NJ, Turney JH, Weston MJ. Ticlopidine preserves vascular access for haemodialysis. In: Proceedings of the VI International Congress of Mediterranean League Against Thrombosis 1980;Monte Carlo:Abstract 326F

185. Grontoft K, Mulec H, Gutierrez A, Olander R. Thromboprophylactic effect of ticlopidine in arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1985;19:55-7

186. Schnitker J, Koch HF. Multizentrische studie ticlopidin thromboseprophylaxe in der hämodialyse. Munich: LABAZ, 1983:(LABAZ internal report.)

187. Michie DD, Wombolt DG. Use of sulphinpyrazone to prevent thrombus formation in arteriovenous fistulas and bovine grafts of patients on haemodialysis. Curr Ther Res 1977;22:196-204

188. Middleton DA, Deichsel G. The prophylaxis of thrombosis in new arteriovenous dialysis shunts in the arm by low-dose acetylsalicyclic acid and dipyridamole. Phase III. Boehringer Ingelheim, 1992:(Boehringer internal report).

189. Sreedhara R, Himmelfarb J, Lazarus JM, Hakim RM. Antiplatelet therapy in graft thrombosis: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Kidney Int 1994;45:1477-83

190. Creek R. Study UK 363 Ticlopidine - Patency of haemodialysis access sites. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1990:(Sanofi internal report.)

191. STOP Investigators. A trial to evaluate the efficacy of picotamide in preventing thrombotic occlusion of the vascular access in hemodialysis. J Nephrol 1995;8:167-72

192. Pollock A, Wright AD. The effect of ticlopidine on platelet function in patients with diabetic peripheral arterial disease. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1979:(Sanofi internal report 105602-0010)

193. Oakley NW, Dormandy JA, Flute PT. Investigation of the effect of ticlopidine in the incidence of cardiovascular events in selected high risk patients with diabetes. Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1983:(Internal report 105602-0019.)

194. Pannebakker M, Jonker JJC, Den Ottolander GJH. Influence of sulphinpyrazone on diabetic vascular complications. In: Proceedings of VI International Congress of Mediterranean League Against Thrombosis 1980:Abstract 167

195. DAMAD Study Group. Effect of aspirin alone and aspirin plus dipyridamole in early diabetic retinopathy. A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. Diabetes 1989;38:491-8

196. Mirouze J. Ticlopidine in the secondary prevention of early diabetes-related microangiopathy: protocol of a multicenter therapeutic study (TIMAD Study). Agents Actions 1984;15(suppl):230-58

197. Belgian Ticlopidine Retinopathy Study Group (BTRS). Clinical study of ticlopidine in diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmologica 1992;204:4-12

198. Nyberg G, Larsson O, Westberg NG, Aurell M, Jagenburg R, Blohme G. A platelet aggregation inhibitor - ticlopidine - in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized double blind study. Clin Nephrol 1984;21:184-7

199. ETDRS Investigators. Aspirin effects on mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus. Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study report 14. JAMA 1992;268:1292-300

200. Cocozza M, Picano T, Oliviero U, Russo N, Coto V, Milani M. Effects of picotamide, an antithromboxane agent, on carotid atherosclerotic evolution. A two year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in diabetic patients. Stroke 1995;26:597-601

201. Findlay JM, Lougheed WM, Gentili F, Walker PM, Glynn MFX, Houle S. Effect of perioperative platelet inhibition on postcarotid endarterectomy mural thrombus formation. Results of a prospective randomized controlled trial using aspirin and dipyridamole in humans. J Neurosurg 1985;63:693-8

202. Pedrini L, Gugliotta L, Monetti N, Vitacchiano G, Catani L, Guidalotti PL, et al. Platelet adhesion in carotid endarterectomy. CV World Report 1988;1:93-6

203. Kretschmer G, Pratschner T, Prager M, Wenzl E, Polterauer P, Schemper M, et al. Antiplatelet treatment prolongs survival after carotid bifurcation endarterectomy. Analysis of the clinical series followed by a controlled trial. Ann Surg 1990;211:317-22

204. Harker LA, Bernstein EF, Dilley RB, Scala TE, Sise MJ, Hye RJ, et al. Failure of aspirin plus dipyridamole to prevent restenosis after carotid endarterectomy. Ann Intern Med 1992;116:731-6

205. Pratesi C, Pulli R, Milanesi G, Lavezzari M, Pamparana F, Bertini D. Indobufen versus placebo in the prevention of restenosis after carotid endarterectomy: a double-blind pilot study. J Int Med Res 1991;19:202-9

206. Côté R, Battista RN, Abrahamowicz M, Langlois Y, Bourque F, Mackey A and the Asymptomatic Cervical Bruit Study Group. Lack of effect of aspirin in asymptomatic patients with carotid bruits and substantial carotid narrowing. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:649-55

207. Misra NP, Bhargava RK, Manoria PC, Dutra S, Nema V. Comparative trial of sulphinpyrazone and aspirin plus dipyridamole in acute myocardial infarction. Curr Ther Res 1983;34:558-66

208. Hart H, de Vries LJ, Smit JWW. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis after myocardial infarction. Comparison of effectiveness of aspirin, dipyridamole plus aspirin and phenprocoumon. Thromb et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 1975;34:927-8 (Abstract 470)

209. Gottstein C. Frankfurt AMI DVT trial. Bracknell, Berkshire: Boehringer Ingelheim, 1976:(Internal report.)

210. O’Connor CM, Meese RB, McNulty S, Lucas KD, Carney RJ, LeBoeuf RM, et al. A randomized factorial trial of reperfusion strategies and aspirin dosing in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1996;77:791-7

211. Cruz-Fernández JM, López-Bescós L, García-Dorado D, López García-Aranda V, Cabadés A, Martín-Jadraque L, et al. Randomized comparative trial of triflusal and aspirin following acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2000;21:457-65

212. RAPT Investigators. Randomized trial of ridogrel, a combined thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor and thromboxane A2/prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor antagonist, versus aspirin as adjunct to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The ridogrel versus aspirin patency trial (RAPT). Circulation 1994;89:588-95

213. Tranchesi B, Pileggi F, Vercammen E, Van de Werf F, Verstraete M. Ridogrel does not increase the speed and rate of coronary recanalization in patients with myocardial infarction treated with alteplase and heparin. Eur Heart J 1994;15:660-4

214. Ohman EM, Kleiman NS, Gacioch G, Worley SJ, Navetta FI, Talley D, et al. Combined accelerated tissue-plasminogen activator and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin receptor blockade with integrilin in acute myocardial infarction. Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial. Circulation 1997;95:846-54

215. Hass WK, Easton JD, Adams HP, Pryse-Phillips W, Molony BA, Anderson S, et al. A randomised trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 1989;321:501-7

216. Tohgi H. The effect of ticlopidine compared with aspirin: A double-blind, twelve month follow-up study. Agents Actions Suppl. Birkhauser: Bale, 1984;15:279-82

217. Tohgi H. The Japanese ticlopidine study in transient ischaemic attacks. Sang Thrombose Vaisseaux 1990;STV special issue:19-22

218. Candelise L, Landi G, Perrone P, Bracchi M, Brambilla GL. A randomized trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in patients with TIA. Stroke 1982;13:175-9

219. American-Canadian Co-operative Study Group. Persantine aspirin trial in cerebral ischemia. Part II: endpoint results. Stroke 1985;16:406-15

220. Fields WS, American-Canadian Co-operative Study Group. Persantine aspirin trial in cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1983;14:99-103

221. Dutch TIA Trial Study Group. A comparison of two doses of aspirin (30mg vs 283mg a day) in patients after a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1261-6

222. Matias-Guiu J, Alvarez J, Galiano L, Codina A. The efficacy and safety of low-dose aspirin versus triflusal in the long-term outcome of young stroke patients. Neurology 1994;44(suppl 2):A288 (Abstract 636P).

223. Smirne S, Civelli L, Cucinotta D, D’Alessandro L, Ferretti P, Leone M, et al. Triflusal and prevention of cerebrovascular attacks: double-blind clinical study vs ASA. Milano, Italy: Poli Industria Chimica S.p.A, 1994:(Final clinical report.)

224. Smirne S, Ferini-Strambi L, Cucinotta D, Zamboni M, Ambrosoli L, Poli A. Triflusal and prevention of cerebrovascular attacks: Double-blind clinical study vs ASA. J Neurol 1994;241(suppl 1):S130 (Abstract 53)

225. Nenci G. Transient Ischaemic Attacks (TIA). Multicentre controlled double-blind study indobufen versus aspirin. Unpublished protocol 1988

226. Maruyama S, Uchiyama S, Toghi H, Hirai S, Ikeda Y, Shinohara Y, et al. A randomized trial of E5510 versus aspirin in patients with transient ischemic attacks. Angiology 1995;46:999-1008

227. Kitamura S. JETS-2 Study. Personal communication 1995

228. Bergamasco B, Benna P, Carolei A, Rasura M, Rudelli G, Fieschi C, et al. A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with indobufen for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients (TISS Study). Functional Neurology 1997;12:33-43

229. Kaye J. A trial to evaluate the relative roles of dipyridamole and aspirin in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in stroke patients. Bracknell, Berkshire: Boehringer Ingelheim, 1989:(Internal report)

230. Sadowski Z, Tuczak D, Dyduszynski A, Giec L, Kalicinski A, Kraska T, et al. Comparison of ticlopidine and aspirin in unstable angina. Eur Heart J 1995;16 (suppl):254 (Abstract 1493)

231. Cipollone F, Patrignani P, Greco A, Panara MR, Padovano R, Cuccurullo F, et al. Differential suppression of thromboxane biosynthesis by indobufen and aspirin in patients with unstable angina. Circulation 1997;96:1109-16

232. Norris RM, White HD, Hart HH, Williams BF. Comparison of aspirin with a thromboxane antagonist for patients with prolonged chest pain and ST segment depression. N Z Med J 1996;109:278-80

233. Schulman SP, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Topol EJ, Califf RM, Navetta FI, Willerson JT, et al. Effects of integrelin, a platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, in unstable angina. A randomized multicenter trial. Circulation 1996;94:2083-9

234. Théroux P, Louz S, Roy L, Knudtson ML, Diodati JG, Marquis J-F, et al. Platelet membrane receptor glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonism in unstable angina. The Canadian Lamifiban Study. Circulation 1996;94:899-905

235. Simoons ML, de Boer M, van den Brand MJBM, van Miltenberg AJM, Hoorntje JCA, Heyndrickx GR, et al. Randomized trial of a GPIIb/IIIa platelet receptor blocker in refractory unstable angina. Circulation 1994;89:596-603

236. The PARAGON Investigators. International randomized controlled trial of lamifiban (a platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor), heparin, or both in unstable angina. Circulation 1998;97:2386-95

237. PRISM-PLUS study investigators. Inhibition of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor with tirofiban in unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1488-97

238. The PURSUIT Trial Investigators. Inhibition of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa with eptifibatide in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 1998;339:436-43

239. Mattioli AV. Picotamide versus Trapidil in unstable angina. Unpublished data. Personal communication, 1991:

240. Sharma GVRK, Khuri SF, Josa M, Folland ED, Parisi AF. The effect of antiplatelet therapy on saphenous vein coronary artery bypass graft patency. Circulation 1983;68(suppl II):218-21

241. SINBA group (Studio Indobufene nel Bypass Aortocoronarico). Indobufen versus aspirin plus dipyridamole after coronary artery bypass surgery. Coron Artery Dis 1991;2:897-906

242. Agnew TM, French JK, Neutze JM, Whitlock RML, Brandt PWT, Kerr AR, et al. The role of dipyridamole in addition to low dose aspirin in the prevention of occlusion of coronary artery bypass grafts. Aust N Z J Med 1992;22:665-70

243. van der Meer J, Hillege HL, Kootstra GJ, Ascoop CAPL, Pfisterer M, van Gilst WH, et al. Prevention of one-year vein-graft occlusion after aortocoronary-bypass surgery: a comparison of low-dose aspirin, low-dose aspirin plus dipyridamole and oral anticoagulants. Lancet 1993;342:257-64

244. Rajah SM, Nair U, Rees M, Saunders N, Walker D, Williams G, et al. Effects of antiplatelet therapy with indobufen or aspirin-dipyridamole on graft patency one year after coronary artery bypass grafting. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;107:1146-53

245. Pirk J, Rohn V, Peregrin RJ. The effect of Ibustrin on early aortocoronary bypass patency. Cor Vasa 1990;32:258-62

246. White CW, Knudson M, Schmidt D, Chisholm RJ, Vandormael M, Morton B, et al. Neither ticlopidine nor aspirin-dipyridamole prevents restenosis post PTCA: results from a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Circulation 1987;76 (suppl IV):IV-213 (Abstract 0849)

247. Mufson L, Black A, Roubin G, Wilentz J, Mead S, McFarland K, et al. A randomised trial of aspirin in PTCA. Effect of high vs low dose aspirin on major complications and restenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988;11:236A (Abstract)

248. Volta SD, on behalf of SIAC (Studio Indobufene sull’Angioplastica Coronarica). Antiplatelet treatment in the prevention of restenosis after PTCA: an Italian multicenter study. Blood 1989;74:176A (Abstract 660)

249. Lembo NJ, Black AJR, Roubin GS, Wilentz JR, Mufson LH, Douglas JS, et al. Effect of pretreatment with aspirin versus aspirin plus dipyridamole on frequency and type of acute complications of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Am J Cardiol 1990;65:422-6

250. Kadel C, Vallbracht C, Weidmann B, Kober G, Kaltenbach M. Aspirin and restenosis after successful PTCA: comparison of 1400mg vs 350mg daily in a double-blind study. Eur Heart J 1990;11(suppl):368 (Abstract P2021)

251. Maresta A, Balducelli M, Cantini L, Casari A, Chioin R, Fabbri M, et al. Trapidil (Triazolopyridimine), a platelet-derived growth factor antagonist, reduces restenosis after percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Results of the randomized, double-blind STARC study. Circulation 1994;90:2710-5

252. Sandler MA, Jowell P, Bruss J, Yazdanfar S, Bracken A, Wertheimer JH, et al. Dipyridamole pretreatment plays no additive role to aspirin in prevention of the acute complications post coronary angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17 (suppl A):378A (Abstract)

253. CAPTURE Investigators. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of abciximab before and during coronary intervention in refractory unstable angina: the CAPTURE study. Lancet 1997;349:1429-35

254. Topol EJ, Califf RM, Weisman HF, Ellis SG, Tcheng JE, Worley S, et al. Randomized trial of coronary intervention with antibody against IIb/IIIa integrin for reduction of clinical restenosis: results at six months. Lancet 1994;343:881-6

255. Topol EJ, Ferguson JJ, Harlan F, Weisman MD, Tcheng JE, Ellis SG, et al. Long-term protection from myocardial ischemic events in a randomized trial of brief integrin b3 blockade with percutaneous coronary intervention. JAMA 1997;278(6):479-84

256. EPILOG Investigators. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade and low-dose heparin during percutaneous coronary revascularization. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1689-96

257. Harrington RA, Kleiman NS, Kottke-Marchant K, Lincoff M, Tcheng J, Sigmon KN et al. Immediate and reversible platelet inhibition after intravenous administration of a peptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor during percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 1995;76:1222-7

258. Tcheng JE, Harrington RA, Kottke-Marchant K, Kleiman NS, Ellis SG, Kereiakes DJ, et al. Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the platelet integrin glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blocker integrelin in elective coronary intervention. Circulation 1995;91:2151-7

259. IMPACT-II Investigators. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of eptifibatide on complications of percutaneous coronary intervention: IMPACT-II. Lancet 1997;349:1422-8

260. Kereiakes DJ, Kleiman NS, Ambrose J, Cohen M, Rodriguez S, Palabrica T, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study of Tirofiban (MK-383) platelet IIb/IIIa blockade in high risk patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:536-42

261. RESTORE Investigators. Effects of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade with tirofiban on adverse cardiac events in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary angioplasty. Circulation 1997;96:1445-53

262. Simpfendorfer C, Kottke-Marchant K, Lowrie M, Anders RJ, Burns DM, Miller DP, et al. First chronic platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin blockade. A randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of xemilofiban in unstable angina with percutaneous coronary interventions. Circulation 1997;96:76-81

263. Take S, Matsutani M, Ueda H, Hamaguchi H, Konishi H, Baba Y, et al. Effect of Cilostazol in preventing restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Am J Cardiol 1997;79:1097-9

264. Hara K, Yamasaki M, Kohzuma K, Nakajima H, Hidehiko H, Saeki F, et al. Cilostazol reduces late lumen loss after the Palmaz-Schatz stent implantation. Circulation 1996;94:91 (Abstract 0525)

265. Leon MB, Baim DS, Popma JJ, Gordon PC, Cutlip DE, Kalon KL, et al. A clinical trial comparing three antithrombotic-drug regimens after coronary-artery stenting. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1665-71

266. Libretti A, Catalano M. Treatment of claudication with dipyridamole and aspirin. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1986;6:59-60

267. Schoop W. Open randomized study comparing ticlopidine with acetylsalicyclic acid in the prevention of controlateral thrombosis in patients initially presenting unilateral thrombosis.:Guildford: Sanofi Winthrop, 1983 (Internal report 001.6.174)

268. Giansante C, Calabrese S, Fisicaro M, Fiotti N, Mitri E. Treatment of intermittent claudication with antiplatelet agents. J Int Med Res 1990;18:400-7

269. Bollinger A, Brunner U. Antiplatelet drugs improve the patency rates after femoro-popliteal endarterectomy. Vasa 1985;14:272-9

270. D’Addato M, Curti T, Bertini D, Donini I, Ferrero R, Fiorani P, et al. Indobufen vs acetylsalicyclic acid plus dipyridamole in long-term patency after femoropopliteal bypass. Int Angiol 1992;11:106-12

271. Hess H, Müller-Faßbender H, Ingrisch H, Mietaschk A. Verhütung von wiederverschlüssen nach rekanalisation obliterierter arterien mit der kathetermethode. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1978;103:1994-7

272. Weichert W, Meents H, Abt K, Lieb H, Hach W, Krywanek JH, et al. Acetylsalicyclic acid-reocclusion-prophylaxis after angioplasty (ARPA-study). A randomized double-blind trial of two different dosages of ASA in patients with peripheral occlusive arterial disease. Vasa 1994;23:57-65

273. Minar E, Ahmadi A, Koppensteiner R, Maca Th, Stumpflen A, Ugurluoglu A , et al. Comparison of effects of high-dose and low-dose aspirin on restenosis after femoropopliteal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Circulation 1995;91:2167-73

274. Ranke C, Creutzig A, Luska G, Wagner HH, Galanski M, Bode-Boger S, et al. Controlled trial of high-versus low-dose aspirin treatment after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Clin Invest Med 1994;72:673-80

275. Albert FW, Schmidt U, Harzer R. Postoperative thromboseprophylaxe der Cimino-fistel mit sulfinpyrazone im vergleich zu acetylsalizylsäure. Krankenhausarzt 1978;51:712-8

276. Schnitker J, Koch HF. Multizentrische studie ticlopidin rethrombosierungsprophylaxe nach revision arteriovenoser fisteln oder shunts bei patienten mit terminaler niereninsuffizienz. Labaz: Munich, 1983:(Internal report 0103-02)

277. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 1996;348:1329-39

278. Di Perri T. ATTIS Study. Unpublished report 1997