The PDF file includes:

• Phylogenetic analysis based on phenetic and molecular characters
• Composite phylogenetic tree and estimated divergence times
• Virtual endocranial cast of C. carrascoensis
• Measurements of the virtual endocranial cast of C. carrascoensis
• Comparison of lateral profiles of endocranial casts
• Allometric relationship between brain and body mass
• Tracing PEQs along the composite phylogenetic tree
• Estimating acuity of the visual sensory system
• Estimating acuity of the olfactory sensory system
• Fig. S1. Tree topology and divergence times of anthropoids inferred from Bayesian tip dating.
• Fig. S2. Strict consensus of six most parsimonious phylogenetic trees.
• Fig. S3. Majority consensus of six most parsimonious phylogenetic trees.
• Fig. S4. Virtual endocranial cast of C. carrascoensis based on high-resolution x-ray CT scanning images.
• Fig. S5. Comparison of the lateral profile of the endocranial cast of C. carrascoensis with other anthropoids.
• Fig. S6. Tracing PEQs along the composite phylogenetic tree of fossil and extant haplorhine primates (data file S4).
• Fig. S7. Notched box-whisker plot of the relative olfactory bulb size of fossil and extant haplorhine primates.
• Table S1. Measurements of the virtual endocranial cast of C. carrascoensis mm, mm² (areas), or mm³ (volumes).
• Legends for data files S1 to S9
• References (35–84)

Download PDF

Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following:

• Data file S1 (.nex format). Data matrix used for phylogenetic analysis (in NEXUS format).
• Data file S2 (.nex format). MrBayes commands used for Bayesian tip dating analysis.
• Data file S3 (Microsoft Word format). Fossil age, estimated divergence times, and branch length of selected fossil anthropoids.
• Data file S4 (.tre format). The composite phylogenetic tree with estimated divergence times in NEXUS format.
• Data file S5 (Microsoft Word format). Body mass and brain weight of extant and fossil haplorhine primates.
• Data file S6 (Microsoft Word format). Regressions for ln(brain mass) and ln(body mass) in anthropoids, catarrhines, and platyrrhines.
• Data file S7 (Microsoft Word format). PEQ, body mass, optic foramen area, orbital area, OFI, relative optic foramen size, and relative orbital size of extant and fossil haplorhine primates.
• Data file S8 (Microsoft Word format). Regressions used for estimating acuity of the visual sensory system and the olfactory sensory system.
• Data file S9 (Microsoft Word format). Body mass, brain mass, PEQ, olfactory bulb mass, and relative olfactory bulb size of extant and fossil haplorhine primates.