This PDF file includes:

• Fig. S1. Total 16-year change in SOC stocks in surface soils (1998–2014).
• Fig. S2. Environmental conditions and soil N₂O emissions for crop years 2012–2017.
• Table S1. Annual energy requirements and GHG emissions for off-site agrochemical manufacturing and field agronomic operations.
• Table S2. Net GHG outcomes for the agronomic phase of biofuel feedstock production over 16 years of management.
• Table S3. Mean daily air temperatures and precipitation inputs (1998–2017) for the growing season (May 1 to October 31) and for crop year (May 1 to April 30).
• References (38–40)

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