AnimaliaColeopteraCoccinellidaeNestor-ArriolaJorge IsmaelToledo-HernándezVíctor HugoSolísÁngelGonzálezGuillermoVětrovecJaroslavThe Brachiacantha Dejean, 1837 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Central AmericaZookeys1632021102415719610.3897/zookeys.1024.5692706BBFBB5-845C-5006-BCFF-08982BB2CDF8 Brachiacantha lepida MulsantFigures 1, 2 Brachyacantha lepidaMulsant, 1850: 523. Crotch 1873: 378. Crotch 1874: 210. Gorham 1894: 185. Leng 1911: 324. Leng 1920: 212. Korschefsky 1931: 205. Brachyacantha duodecimguttataLeng, 1911: 289. Syn. nov. Brachyacantha 12-guttata: Leng 1911: 294. Syn. nov. Brachiacantha lepida: Gordon 1985: 599.Material examined.

271 specimens from Belize: Orange Walk; Costa Rica: Alajuela, Cartago, Heredia, Guanacaste, Limón, San José and Puntarenas; Guatemala: Chimaltenango, El Quiche, Guatemala City, Huehuetenango, Suchitepequez and Totonicapan; Honduras: Atlantida; Panamá: Chiriqui (CEAM, CNIN, FSCA, USNMNH, OUMNH, MNCR, MUCR, MZCR).

Diagnosis.

Length 2.3–3.7 mm, width 1.8–2.8 mm. Oval body. Dorsally pale yellow to pinkish orange except pronotum with a multilobed basal macula; each elytron with 4 black spots, one spot in a sub-humeral position, another in the second half of the elytron, a discal spot on the elytral suture, and a subapical spot on the elytral suture (Figs 1, 2). Ventral color dark brown to light brown. Males with the ventrites V and VI slightly emarginated, not depressed. Male genitalia asymmetrical. Protibia flanged.

10.3897/zookeys.1024.56927.figures1-410ABA89F-E1E0-599B-8C1E-0F1082E76B6D

Brachiacantha sp. 1Brachiacantha lepida, dark habitus (image by Jorge Valdez Carrazco) 2B. lepida, common habitus (image by Jorge Valdez Carrazco) 3Brachiacantha fenestrata, male 4Brachiacantha octostigma, male (image by Jorge Valdez Carrazco).

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/520866
Distribution.

From southern USA to Panamá.

Discussion.

The small size and coloration are usually enough to distinguish this species from other species of the genus. Some specimens from Guatemala display the darker dorsal coloration that was previously described by Leng (1911) as the species B. duodecimguttata. The holotype of B. duodecimguttata is a female; the genitalia of male specimens with morphology similar to that described by Leng (1911) were dissected and no differences were found from that of B. lepida. Therefore, B. duodecimguttata should be considered a junior synonym of B. lepida.

CrotchGR (1873) Revision of the Coccinellidae of the United States.Transactions of the American Entomological Society4: 363382. https://doi.org/10.2307/25076278CrotchGR (1874) A Revision of the Coleopterous Family Coccinellidae.Janson EW, London, 311 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8975GorhamHS (1894) Coccinellidae.Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Coleoptera7: 177208.LengCW (1911) The species of Brachyacantha of North and South America.Bulletin American Museum of Natural History30: 279333.LengCW (1920) Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, north of Mexico.Mount Vernon, New York, 470 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8777KorschefskyR (1931) Coccinellidae I. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Part 118. W.Junk, Berlin, 224 pp.GordonRD (1985) The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of America North of Mexico.Journal of the New York Entomological Society93(1): 1912.