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["ID","Reviewer","Date of Assessment","Reference information","Publication type","Author(s)","Year of publication","Title","Journal / Book title","Volume","Affiliation of first author","Country of first author affiliation","Funding","Study description","Multicomponent intervention","Intervention type(s)","Multiple practices","Practice type(s)\n(general)","Practice type(s)\n(specific)","Study country/ies","Study location(s)","Type of ecoregion","Quasi-experimental methods used (if appropiate)","Sample size","Sample unit","Other outcome influences","Comparator","Comparator type","Disaggregation based on gender?","Disaggregation based on socio-economic level?","Disaggregation based on race/ethnicity?","Disaggregation based on literacy/educational level?","Type of outcome","Subtype of outcomes","Group examined for outcome","Indicator variables used to measure outcomes","Outcome data type","Direction of the outcome","Oucome direction notes","Are there any mechanisms in the study stated as linking the intervention to the outcome?","Stated mechanism","Stated type of model","How is the model employed"]
[31936694,"SB","2018-05-23","Moore JH ; Sittimongkol S ; Campos-Arceiz A ; Sumpah T ; Eichhorn MP. (2016) Fruit gardens enhance mammal diversity and biomass in a Southeast Asian rainforest. Biological Conservation 194 (2016) 132–138 ","Journal article","Moore JH ; Sittimongkol S ; Campos-Arceiz A ; Sumpah T ; Eichhorn MP",2016,"Fruit gardens enhance mammal diversity and biomass in a Southeast Asian rainforest","Biological Conservation ",194,"University of Nottingham","UK","N/A","This study compares the abundance of biodiversity in terms of terrestrial mammalian frugivores between indigenous fruit tree production systems and natural forests.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Malaysia","Krau Wildlife Reserve, Pahang","Tropical","None",15,"Plots","Fruit abundance in treatment versus control plots","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Mammalian frugivore diversity in terms size and species ","Quantitative","Positive","Fruit gardens within this rainforest reserve attracted a greater\ndiversity and biomass of terrestrial frugivorous mammals compared to\ncontrol plots. This can be attributed to a higher density of fruiting\ntrees; a positive correlation was found between number of fruiting\ntrees and mammal biomass. Although mammal species richness and\noverall abundance did not differ between fruit gardens and control\nareas, the evenness of communities was greater in fruit gardens, average\nbody size was larger, and a distinct species composition was present,\nincluding a number of species of conservation importance. This\ndemonstrates that fruit gardens are playing an important role in\nattracting and supporting terrestrial mammals.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376848,"SB","2018-05-23","Moreira F M. de S; Nobrega R S. A; Jesus E da C; Ferreira D F; Perez D V. (2009). Differentiation in the fertility of inceptisols as related to land use in the upper Solimoes river region, western Amazon. Science of the Total Environment. 408: 349–355","Journal article","Moreira F M. de S; Nobrega R S. A; Jesus E da C; Ferreira D F; Perez D V.",2009,"Differentiation in the fertility of inceptisols as related to land use in the upper Solimoes river region, western Amazon. Science of the Total Environment","Science of the Total Environment",408,"Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)","Brazil","Coordinated by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute of CIAT (TSBF-CIAT) with co-?nancing from the Global Environmental Facility (GEF), and implementation support from the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)","The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil fertility of representative land use systems (LUSs) in the Upper Solimões region, namely: primary rainforest, old secondary forest, young secondary forest, agroforestry, pasture and agriculture.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Upper Solimões river basin, western Amazon","Tropical","None",98,"Geo-referenced (GPS) sampling points (SP)","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","22 soil attributes","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry had intermediate outcomes, performing worse than primary and secondary forest for soil fertility, but better than agriculture and pasture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374627,"SB","2018-05-23","Moreno-Calles A I, Casas A, Garcia-Frapolli E, and Torres-Garcia I. (2012). Traditional agroforestry systems of multi-crop \"milpa\" and \"chichipera\" cactus forest in the arid Tehuacan Valley, Mexico: their management and role in people's subsistence.. Agroforestry Systems, 84(2), pp..","Journal article","Moreno-Calles A I; Casas A ; Garcia-Frapolli E ; Torres-Garcia I ; ",2012,"Traditional agroforestry systems of multi-crop \"milpa\" and \"chichipera\" cactus forest in the arid Tehuacan Valley, Mexico: their management and role in people's subsistence.","Agroforestry Systems",84,"Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad\nNacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)","Mexico"," CONACYT (project CB-2008-01-103551), DGAPA, UNAM, Mexico (project IN205111-3), and the Millenium Seed Bank project of the Royal Kew Gardens, UK","This study aimed at: (1) characterizing agricultural, silvicultural and livestock components of the milpa and chichipera agroforestry systems (AFS) and plant management practices associated to these components; (2) identifying the ecological economic, and social benefits of chichipera AFS; and (3) analyzing principal causes of changes in this AFS, their possible ecological and socio-economic consequences and possible alternatives for its conservation.","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Mexico","San Luis Atolotitlan, Puebla, Tehuacan Valley","Tropical","None",100,"parcels","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","ethnobotanical interviews documenting people’s perception on economic value; utilitarian value (or direct use value) based on information on plants use and on amounts of useful forest products (fruits, seeds, branches, and firewood were performed) available in the system estimated from vegetation sampling.","Both","Positive","Low- to medium- shade agroforestry systems performed better than agriculture and forests, high-shade agroforestry systems performed worse than agriculture but better than forests","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374627,"SB","2018-05-23","Moreno-Calles A I, Casas A, Garcia-Frapolli E, and Torres-Garcia I. (2012). Traditional agroforestry systems of multi-crop \"milpa\" and \"chichipera\" cactus forest in the arid Tehuacan Valley, Mexico: their management and role in people's subsistence. Agroforestry Systems, 84(2), pp..","Journal article","Moreno-Calles A I; Casas A ; Garcia-Frapolli E ; Torres-Garcia I ; ",2012,"Traditional agroforestry systems of multi-crop \"milpa\" and \"chichipera\" cactus forest in the arid Tehuacan Valley, Mexico: their management and role in people's subsistence.","Agroforestry Systems",84,"Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad\nNacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)","Mexico"," CONACYT (project CB-2008-01-103551), DGAPA, UNAM, Mexico (project IN205111-3), and the Millenium Seed Bank project of the Royal Kew Gardens, UK","This study aimed at: (1) characterizing agricultural, silvicultural and livestock components of the milpa and chichipera agroforestry systems (AFS) and plant management practices associated to these components; (2) identifying the ecological economic, and social benefits of chichipera AFS; and (3) analyzing principal causes of changes in this AFS, their possible ecological and socio-economic consequences and possible alternatives for its conservation.","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Mexico","San Luis Atolotitlan, Puebla, Tehuacan Valley","Tropical","None",100,"parcels","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Cultural and subjective well-being","N/A","ethnobotanical interviews documenting people’s perception on social value; intrinsic value (also called nonuse value), which includes social, cultural, aesthetic and ethic aspects","Both","Positive",null,"No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374627,"SB","2018-05-23","Moreno-Calles A I, Casas A, Garcia-Frapolli E, and Torres-Garcia I. (2012). Traditional agroforestry systems of multi-crop \"milpa\" and \"chichipera\" cactus forest in the arid Tehuacan Valley, Mexico: their management and role in people's subsistence. Agroforestry Systems, 84(2), pp..","Journal article","Moreno-Calles A I; Casas A ; Garcia-Frapolli E ; Torres-Garcia I ; ",2012,"Traditional agroforestry systems of multi-crop \"milpa\" and \"chichipera\" cactus forest in the arid Tehuacan Valley, Mexico: their management and role in people's subsistence.","Agroforestry Systems",84,"Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad\nNacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM)","Mexico"," CONACYT (project CB-2008-01-103551), DGAPA, UNAM, Mexico (project IN205111-3), and the Millenium Seed Bank project of the Royal Kew Gardens, UK","This study aimed at: (1) characterizing agricultural, silvicultural and livestock components of the milpa and chichipera agroforestry systems (AFS) and plant management practices associated to these components; (2) identifying the ecological economic, and social benefits of chichipera AFS; and (3) analyzing principal causes of changes in this AFS, their possible ecological and socio-economic consequences and possible alternatives for its conservation.","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Mexico","San Luis Atolotitlan, Puebla, Tehuacan Valley","Tropical","None",100,"parcels","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","ethnobotanical interviews documenting people’s perception on ecological value; functional value, which is the contribution of biodiversity to functions of ecosystem life support and preservation of ecological structure and integrity (also called indirect use value).","Both","Positive",null,"No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371072,"SB","2018-05-25","Natalia D ; Arisoesilaningsih E ; Hairiah K. (2017). Are high carbon stocks in agroforests and forest associated with high plant species diversity? AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 39(1), 74-82. http://doi.org/ 10.17503/agrivita.v39i1.676.","Journal article","Natalia D ; Arisoesilaningsih E ; Hairiah K.",2017,"Are high carbon stocks in agroforests and forest associated with high plant species diversity?","AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science",39,"Brawijaya University","Indonesia","Yulius Wawenza A.Md, Getherlis, Martha A. Ma, Dr. Ineke Stulen and Ir. Radamahar foundations","The objectives of this research were to evaluate plant species diversity, vegetation structure, and carbon stock of rubber and fruit tree agroforestry and secondary forest stands","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Ramang, Hanua, Parahangan, Sigi, Pamarunan and Tuwung villages, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province","Tropical","None",16,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Plant species diversity & vegetation structure ","Quantitative","Positive","Recorded 91 plant species in the three types of agroforest on silty clay soils with 31 tree species in the secondary forest forest stands. On the sandy soils, the three agroforest types together contained 99 tree species, with only sixteen species in the secondary forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371072,"SB","2018-05-25","Natalia D ; Arisoesilaningsih E ; Hairiah K. (2017). Are high carbon stocks in agroforests and forest associated with high plant species diversity? AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 39(1), 74-82. http://doi.org/ 10.17503/agrivita.v39i1.676.","Journal article","Natalia D ; Arisoesilaningsih E ; Hairiah K.",2017,"Are high carbon stocks in agroforests and forest associated with high plant species diversity?","AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science",39,"Brawijaya University","Indonesia","Yulius Wawenza A.Md, Getherlis, Martha A. Ma, Dr. Ineke Stulen and Ir. Radamahar foundations","The objectives of this research were to evaluate plant species diversity, vegetation structure, and carbon stock of rubber and fruit tree agroforestry and secondary forest stands","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Ramang, Hanua, Parahangan, Sigi, Pamarunan and Tuwung villages, Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province","Tropical","None",16,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon stocks derived as the\nsum of five carbon pools (tree biomass,\nunderstorey, necromass, litter, and soil organic\nmatter).","Quantitative","Mixed","The highest carbon stocks were observed in Fruit-Based Rubber Agroforestry (415 Mg ha-1) with >100 years of age. The other two agroforests (young and old rubber agroforestry) were not different in total carbon stock from the secondary forests (SNF), with an average of 217 Mg ha-1","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32378703,"SB","2018-05-21","Gupta, N; Kukal, S;  Singh, P. (2006). Soil Erodibility in Relation to Poplar Based Agroforestry System in North Western India. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 8. 859-861. ","Journal article","Gupta, N; Kukal, S;  Singh, P.",2006,"Soil erodibility in relation to poplar based agro-forestry system in North Western India.","International Journal of Agriculture and Biology",8,"Punjab Agricultural University","India","N/A","A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of poplar-based agro-forestry on soil erodibility\nin relation to tree age under different textured soils.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","India","Central and Submontone, Punjab.","Sub-tropical","None","N/A","Agroforestry plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Erodibility indices viz. dispersion ratio, erosion\nratio and WSA > 0.5 mm of surface (0 - 15 cm) and\nsubsurface (15 - 30 cm)","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380567,"SB","2018-05-25","Saxena K G; Rao K S; Sen K K; Maikhuri R K; Semwal R L. (2003) Integrated natural resource management: approaches and lessons from the Himalaya; In Integrated natural resources management: linking productivity, the environment and development","Book chapter","Saxena K G; Rao K S; Sen K K; Maikhuri R K; Semwal R L. ",2003,"Integrated natural resource management: approaches and lessons from the Himalaya","Integrated natural resources management: linking productivity, the environment and development","N/A","Jawaharlal Nehru University","India","TSBF program","This study presents the cost-benefit and environmental outcomes from a land rehabilitation project, which established  a community-run demonstration site to rehabilitate an 8-ha plot of civil forest land by integrating broad-leaf tree species with bamboo and medicinal plants. ","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Khaljhuni village, on the margin of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, central Himalaya","Tropical","None",1,"Village plot","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon sequestration, soil characteristics (pH, water-holding capacity, % carbon, % nitrogen)","Quantitative","Positive","Soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and water-holding capacity improved significantly over the 7-yr period.\nRehabilitation also led to a higher level of carbon sequestration as a result of the buildup of soil organic matter and\nwoody biomass.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937711,"SB","2018-05-25","Schmitt-Harsh M ; Evans TP ; Castellanos E ; Randolph JC. (2012). Carbon stocks in coffee agroforests and mixed dry tropical forests in the western highlands of Guatemala. Agroforest Syst (2012) 86:141–157. DOI 10.1007/s10457-012-9549-x\n ","Journal article","Schmitt-Harsh, Mikaela; Evans, Tom P; Castellanos, E; Randolph, J. C",2012,"Carbon stocks in coffee agroforests and mixed dry tropical forests in the western highlands of Guatemala.","Agroforestry Systems",86,"Indiana University","USA","National Science Foundation’s Geography and Spatial Sciences Program (DDRI #0927491).","This research examines the carbon pools of\nsmallholder coffee agroforests (CAFs) as they compare to a mixed dry forest (MDF) system.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Guatemala","Sierra Madre Volcanoes region in the western highlands of Guatemala.","Tropical","None",61,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Allometric models using DBH to estimate aboveground and belowground carbon stocks","Quantitative","Negative","Results of this study demonstrate that both coffee agroforests and natural forests in the tropics store substantial amounts of carbon","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936846,"SB","2018-05-25","Schroth G ; Bede LC ; Paiva AO ; Cassano CR ; Amorim AM ; Faria D ; Mariano-Neto E ; Martini AMZ ; Sambuichi RHR ; Lobo RN . (2015). Contribution of agroforests to landscape carbon storage. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change 20:1175–1190.20:1175–1190","Journal article","Schroth G ; Bede LC ; Paiva AO ; Cassano CR ; Amorim AM ; Faria D ; Mariano-Neto E ; Martini AMZ ; Sambuichi RHR ; Lobo RN ",2015,"Contribution of agroforests to landscape carbon storage","Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change",20,"C.P. 513, 68109-971 Santarém, Pará"," Brazil","CNPq (Grant 309303/ 2009-5) to AMA; the World Bank (Ecological Corridors Project and SEMARH-BA) to AMZM; FAPESP (scholarship07/54888-1), the European Union, the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment and Seeds of Change to CRC; Boticário Foundation for the Protection of Nature and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) to RHRS.","The objective of this study was to quantify the contribution of cabrucas (cocoa agroforests) to total aboveground C stocks in tree dominated vegetation in Southern Bahia, thereby highlighting\ntheir significant role in climate change mitigation in this landscape.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Southern Bahia","Tropical","None",76,"Tree inventories","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Allometric models to estimate above-ground biomass and carbon stocks","Quantitative","Mixed","Average C stocks in the aboveground biomass of mature forest were 183 Mg ha?1 and those of disturbed forest were 102 Mg ha?1, the corresponding values were 87 Mg ha?1 for traditional cabrucas and 46 Mg ha?1 for intensified cabrucas. On the landscape scale, the aboveground C stocks in traditional agroforests exceeded those of natural forest in the landscape by a considerable margin.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938023,"SB","2018-05-25","Segnini A, Posadas A, Quiroz R, Milori DMBP, Vaz CMP, and Martin-Neto L. (2011). Soil carbon stocks and stability across an altitudinal gradient in southern Peru. JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION, 66(4), pp.213-220.","Journal article","Segnini A ; Posadas A ; Quiroz R ; Milori DMBP ; Vaz CMP ; Martin-Neto L ; ",2011,"Soil carbon stocks and stability across an altitudinal gradient in southern Peru","Journal of Soil and Water Conservation",66,"International Potato Center\n(CIP)","Peru","International Potato Center","The aim of this study was to  assess soil carbon stocks in different agricultural soils in Southern Andean Peruvian agroecosystems and to estimate the carbon stability of the SOM using state of the art nondestructive analytical methods that determine the  humification index, by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS).","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Peru","Arid coast (Ilo), arid low altitude inter-Andean valley (Moquegua), arid high altitude inter-Andean valley (Torata), semiarid high plateau (Puno), and a midaltitude tropical rainforest (San Juan del Oro)","Multiple","None","Unknown","Sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon contents, carbon stocks, and stability","Quantitative","Positive","Well-managed coffee agroforests has highest carbon stock compared to various form of agriculture and primary rainforest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381853,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma E, Rai S C, and Sharma R. (2001). Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.. Journal of Environmental Management, 61(2), pp.123–135.","Journal article","Sharma E ; Rai S C; Sharma R ; ",2001,"Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.","Journal of Environmental Management",61,"G.B. Pant Institute of\nHimalayan Environment\nand Development Sikkim\nUnit","India","The Department\nof Agriculture, Government of Sikkim, under the NWDPRA programme","This paper aims to assess overland flow, soil loss and subsequent nutrient losses from different land uses, their soil and water conservation potentials, and identify  biotechnological inputs for management of mountain farming systems. The specific objectives of this study are to: (1) estimate runoff and erosion under different cropping practices and land-uses; (2) estimate the soil and water conservation values of different crop coverage; and (3) assess existing practices and\nprovide management options using biotechnological tools.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Khanikhola watershed, Sikkim state, eastern Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",15,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Productivity  (kg/ha/year) and agronomic yield  (kg/ha/year)","Quantitative","Mixed","Use of N2-fixing Albizia tree in large cardamom agroforestry and croplands contributed to soil fertility, and increased productivity and yield by 9–13% in rain-fed land.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381853,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma E, Rai S C, and Sharma R. (2001). Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.. Journal of Environmental Management, 61(2), pp.123–135.","Journal article","Sharma E ; Rai S C; Sharma R ; ",2001,"Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.","Journal of Environmental Management",61,"G.B. Pant Institute of\nHimalayan Environment\nand Development Sikkim\nUnit","India","The Department\nof Agriculture, Government of Sikkim, under the NWDPRA programme","This paper aims to assess overland flow, soil loss and subsequent nutrient losses from different land uses, their soil and water conservation potentials, and identify  biotechnological inputs for management of mountain farming systems. The specific objectives of this study are to: (1) estimate runoff and erosion under different cropping practices and land-uses; (2) estimate the soil and water conservation values of different crop coverage; and (3) assess existing practices and\nprovide management options using biotechnological tools.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Khanikhola watershed, Sikkim state, eastern Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",15,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Biomass (kg/ha)","Quantitative","Mixed","Use of N2-fixing Albizia tree in large cardamom agroforestry and croplands contributed to soil fertility, and increased productivity and yield by 9–13% in rain-fed land.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381853,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma E, Rai S C, and Sharma R. (2001). Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.. Journal of Environmental Management, 61(2), pp.123–135.","Journal article","Sharma E ; Rai S C; Sharma R ; ",2001,"Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.","Journal of Environmental Management",61,"G.B. Pant Institute of\nHimalayan Environment\nand Development Sikkim\nUnit","India","The Department\nof Agriculture, Government of Sikkim, under the NWDPRA programme","This paper aims to assess overland flow, soil loss and subsequent nutrient losses from different land uses, their soil and water conservation potentials, and identify  biotechnological inputs for management of mountain farming systems. The specific objectives of this study are to: (1) estimate runoff and erosion under different cropping practices and land-uses; (2) estimate the soil and water conservation values of different crop coverage; and (3) assess existing practices and\nprovide management options using biotechnological tools.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Khanikhola watershed, Sikkim state, eastern Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",15,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Overland flow, soil and nutrient loss;  Soil and water conservation values","Quantitative","Mixed","Large cardamom agroforestry\nand forests conserved more soil compared\nto open agricultural fields under traditional\npractices.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381853,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma E, Rai S C, and Sharma R. (2001). Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.. Journal of Environmental Management, 61(2), pp.123–135.","Journal article","Sharma E ; Rai S C; Sharma R ; ",2001,"Soil, water and nutrient conservation in mountain farming systems: case-study from the Sikkim Himalaya.","Journal of Environmental Management",61,"G.B. Pant Institute of\nHimalayan Environment\nand Development Sikkim\nUnit","India","The Department\nof Agriculture, Government of Sikkim, under the NWDPRA programme","This paper aims to assess overland flow, soil loss and subsequent nutrient losses from different land uses, their soil and water conservation potentials, and identify  biotechnological inputs for management of mountain farming systems. The specific objectives of this study are to: (1) estimate runoff and erosion under different cropping practices and land-uses; (2) estimate the soil and water conservation values of different crop coverage; and (3) assess existing practices and\nprovide management options using biotechnological tools.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Khanikhola watershed, Sikkim state, eastern Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",15,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil nutrient status (soil pH, % Organic carbon, Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Available phosphorus, Exchangeable potassium); Nitrogen fixation","Quantitative","Mixed","Available phosphorus was low in large cardamom based agroforestry and wheat fields. As expected, all nutrients were higher in forest soils, except total nitrogen. The total nitrogen was higher in large cardamom agroforestry and wasteland. Organic carbon content in parent soil was highest under forest, followed\nby wasteland, orange orchard, maize field, large cardamom agroforestry, and lowest in wheat field soils.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939548,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma P, Rai SC, Sharma R, and Sharma E. (2004). Effects of land-use change on soil microbial C, N and P in a Himalayan watershed. PEDOBIOLOGIA, 48(1), pp.83-92.","Journal article","Sharma P ; Rai SC ; Sharma R ; Sharma E ; ",2004,"Effects of land-use change on soil microbial C, N and P in a Himalayan watershed","Pedobiologia",48,"G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development","India","Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi.","The aim of this study is to assess the impact of land-use change on C, N and P contents in soils and soil microbial biomass of forests, agroforestry systems,\nagriculture land and wastelands.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Mamlay watershed, Sikkim state, eastern Himalaya","Multiple","None",27,"Sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil microbial C, N and P; Soil nutrient status (Bulk density, soil pH, Moisture content, Total organic carbon, Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus)","Quantitative","Mixed","The conversion of forests into other land-uses resulted in a remarkable decline in the amounts of soil nutrients and microbial C, N, and P. Agroforestry performed better than any other agricultural land uses.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938548,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma, U.C; Sharma, V. (2009). Plant-livestock-soil-hydrology interactions in the northeastern region of India. Biologia 64/3: 560—564","Journal article","Sharma, U.C; Sharma, V.",2009,"Plant-livestock-soil-hydrology interactions in the northeastern region of India","Biologia ",64,"Centre for Natural Resources Management","India","N/A","The aim of this study was to assess the extent of the soil and nutrient erosion due to runoff, effect of land use on soil properties, resource degradation and interrelationship between various causal factors.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","India","Northeastern region","Sub-tropical","None",35,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Sediment yield through runoff","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938548,"SB","2018-05-28","Sharma, U.C; Sharma, V. (2009). Plant-livestock-soil-hydrology interactions in the northeastern region of India. Biologia 64/3: 560—564","Journal article","Sharma, U.C; Sharma, V.",2009,"Plant-livestock-soil-hydrology interactions in the northeastern region of India","Biologia ",64,"Centre for Natural Resources Management","India","N/A","The aim of this study was to assess the extent of the soil and nutrient erosion due to runoff, effect of land use on soil properties, resource degradation and interrelationship between various causal factors.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","India","Northeastern region","Sub-tropical","None",35,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil characteristics (organic carbon; humus; exchangeable aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium; available phosphorus; DTPA extractable zinc, copper, and iron)","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243967,"SB","2018-05-28","Shepherd G Buresh, RJ Gregory, and PJ. (2000). Land use affects the distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen in smallholder production systems in Kenya. BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS, 31(3-4), pp.348 - 355","Journal article","Shepherd G Buresh, RJ Gregory, PJ; ",2000,"Land use affects the distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen in smallholder production systems in Kenya","Biology and Fertility of Soils",31,"International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)","Kenya"," Swedish International Development\nCooperation Agency (S)","The objective of this field study was to compare soil inorganic N distributions to 4 m depth in different annual crop and perennial VT on smallholder farms in western Kenya.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Kenya"," Nyabeda, Ochinga, and Ebukanga, western Kenya","Tropical","None",14,"Farms","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil properties (pH, exchangeable bases, extractable P, organic C, N mineralization, NH4+-N in different soil layers, NO3–-N in different soil layers, nitrate-N concentrations)","Quantitative","Positive","Hedgerow and woodlot vegetation maintained very low NO3–concentrations throughout the profile. Scattered markhamia trees were effective in reducing subsoil NO3–N concentrations in maize close to the trees. These results suggest that the trees and shrubs integrated into agricultural landscapes have a role to play in efficient N recycling.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243967,"SB","2018-05-28","Shepherd G Buresh, RJ Gregory, and PJ. (2000). Land use affects the distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen in smallholder production systems in Kenya. BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS, 31(3-4), pp.348 - 355","Journal article","Shepherd G Buresh, RJ Gregory, PJ; ",2000,"Land use affects the distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen in smallholder production systems in Kenya","Biology and Fertility of Soils",31,"International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)","Kenya"," Swedish International Development\nCooperation Agency (S)","The objective of this field study was to compare soil inorganic N distributions to 4 m depth in different annual crop and perennial VT on smallholder farms in western Kenya.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Kenya"," Nyabeda, Ochinga, and Ebukanga, western Kenya","Tropical","None",14,"Farms","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil properties (pH, exchangeable bases, extractable P, organic C, N mineralization, NH4+-N in different soil layers, NO3–-N in different soil layers, nitrate-N concentrations)","Quantitative","Positive","Hedgerow and woodlot vegetation maintained very low NO3–concentrations throughout the profile. Scattered markhamia trees were effective in reducing subsoil NO3–N concentrations in maize close to the trees. These results suggest that the trees and shrubs integrated into agricultural landscapes have a role to play in efficient N recycling.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373750,"SB","2018-05-28","Shradha Rathod ; Pooja Rathod. (2013). Amphibian communities in three different coffee plantation regimes in the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 5(9): 4404–4413","Journal article","Shradha Rathod ; Pooja Rathod. ",2013,"Amphibian communities in three different cofee plantation regimes in the Weatern Ghats, India","Journal of Threatened Taxa",5,"Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology University of Kent","United Kingdom","Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom","The major aim of this study was to assess the effects of three different shade-grown coffee plantation regimes on amphibian communities, as compared with natural forest groves.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Kodagu District, Karnataka State, Western Ghats","Tropical","None",20,"Sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness, relative abundance and community composition of amphibians","Quantitative","Mixed","The sacred groves that were characterized by natural vegetation\nshowed the highest richness and abundance of amphibians among\nthe four regimes. In organic coffee plantations, overall abundance and\nrichness of amphibians was significantly higher compared to NPK coffee\nplantations. On the other hand, amphibian richness and diversity in\npesticide use coffee plantations were significantly lower compared\nto all other regimes. This study highlights\nthe great potential of sacred groves and organic coffee plantations as\ncomplementary habitat for the conservation of amphibians.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938917,"SB","2018-05-30","Siddique I, Gutjahr C, Seneviratne G, Breckling B, Ranwala SW, and Alexander IJ. (2007). Changes in soil chemistry associated with the establishment of forest gardens on eroded, acidified grassland soils in Sri Lanka. BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS, 44(1), pp.163-170.","Journal article","Siddique I ; Gutjahr C ; Seneviratne G ; Breckling B ; Ranwala SW ; Alexander IJ ; ",2007,"Changes in soil chemistry associated with the establishment of forest gardens on eroded, acidified grassland soils in Sri Lanka","Biology and Fertility of Soils",44,"University of Aberdeen","United Kingdom","University of Aberdeen, Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, Royal Geographical Society, Institute of Biology, Studienstiftung de deutschen Volkes (German National Academic Foundation), Gilchrist Educational Trust, Percy Sladen Memorial Fund.","The aim of this study was to investigate changes in topsoil chemical properties associated with the establishment of forest gardens on eroded, acidified grassland soils in the wet zone of Sri Lanka.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Sri Lanka","Kandy District in the central highlands","Tropical","None",10,"Sites","Soil type","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil pH, exchangeable base accumulation, cation exchange complex, soil carbon and nutrient concentrations, soil physical and biological properties","Quantitative","Positive","In forest gardens, we found soil pH, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable calcium and magnesium concentrations and N content significantly higher than in degraded grasslands, exceeding the inherent differences between soil types.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243809,"SB","2018-05-30","Siebert SF. (2002). From shade- to sun-grown perennial crops in Sulawesi, Indonesia: implications for biodiversity conservation and soil fertility. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 11(11), pp.1889 - 1902.","Journal article","Siebert SF ",2002,"From shade- to sun-grown perennial crops in Sulawesi, Indonesia: implications for biodiversity conservation and soil fertility","Biodiversity and Conservation",11,"University of Montana","USA"," USAID Program in Science and Technology\nCooperation (HRN-G-00-93-00047-00) and The Nature Conservancy, Program\nIndonesia","In this paper, biophysical and biodiversity effects associated with the transition from traditional shade- to sun-grown perennial crop cultivation are explored through\na case study in Sulawesi, Indonesia.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","near the forest village of Moa (78 households) in Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",5,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), leaf area index (LAI), vegetation height and structure, weed establishment, air and soil temperatures, soil fertility, and floristic and bird species diversity.","Quantitative","Mixed","Canopy height, tree, epiphyte, liana and bird species diversity, vegetation structural complexity, percent ground cover by leaf litter, and soil calcium, nitrate nitrogen and organic matter levels in the O horizons were all significantly greater in shaded than in sun-grown farms. In contrast, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), air and soil temperatures, weed diversity and percent ground cover by weeds were significantly greater in sun compared to shade farms. At the landscape level, conversion of shade-grown crops to sun\nconditions isolates protected areas and remnant primary forest fragments","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376076,"SB","2018-05-30","Singh B R, Wele A D, and Lal R. (2010). Soil carbon sequestration under chronosequences of agroforestry and agricultural lands in Southern Ethiopia.. Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science: Soil solutions for a changing world, Brisbane, Australia, and 1-6 August 2010. Working Group 4.1 Carbon sequestation on degraded lands, , pp..","Conference proceeding","Singh B R; Wele A D; Lal R",2010,"Soil carbon sequestration under chronosequences of agroforestry and agricultural lands in Southern Ethiopia.","Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science: Soil solutions for a changing world, Brisbane, Australia, 1-6 August 2010. Working Group 4.1 Carbon sequestation on degraded lands","N/A","Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB)","Norway","N/A","This study aims to: (i) to investigate the changes in SOC and TN stocks and their concentration under the chronosequences of 12, 20,30 ,40 and 50 years after conversion of forest to agroforestry and agricultural lands, (ii) to assess the distribution of SOC and TN in the soil profile, and (iii) calculate the loss of SOC under chronosequences of these land uses. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Ashoka, Leye and Beseko in Gambo district of the Munessa shashemene forest enterprise of the south eastern highlands","Tropical","None",132,"Sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen","Quantitative","Mixed"," A greater proportion of SOC and TN was concentrated in 0 to 20 cm depth and their concentration in agroforestry and agricultural lands was significantly lower than in the natural forest. The SOC stocks in all chronosequences of traditional agroforestry were higher than the corresponding chronosequences under agricultural lands. The losses of SOC and TN stocks were higher in agricultural lands than in agroforestry but the stocks in both land uses increased with increasing chronosequences of 12 to 50 years. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374204,"SB","2018-05-30","Singh S K, Kumar K S, Benjongwapang Aier, Kanduri V P, and Saroj Ahirwar. (2012). Plant community characteristics and soil status in different land use systems in Dimapur district, Nagaland, India.. Lesne Prace Badawcze, 73(4), pp..","Journal article","Singh S K; Kumar K S; Benjongwapang Aier ; Kanduri V P; Saroj Ahirwar ",2012,"Plant community characteristics and soil status in different land use systems in Dimapur district, Nagaland, India.","Lesne Prace Badawcze",73,"University of Allahabad","India","N/A","The main objective of this paper was to evaluate characteristics of plant community and the present status of soil in natural forest, home garden as well as agroforestry and shifting cultivation.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","Dimapur district, Nagaland","Sub-tropical","None",16,"Quadrats","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil nutrient status (soil pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon content, exchangeable potassium, and available phosphorus), Importance Value Index (tree diversity index)","Quantitative","Negative","The results showed that the importance value index (IVI) was the highest for natural forest, and then for agroforestry system, home garden while shifting cultivation indicated the least value of IVI. The study clearly shows that soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous under the conditions of the land use systems observed differ significantly from those in natural forest. The study on soil nutrients in different land use systems showed that soil fertility was deteriorating in current land use systems, especially in shifting cultivation (SC) due to narrowing down the time period of SC cycle. Soil nutrient contents in agroforestry and home garden systems were high; this might be due to the nutrient management practiced.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374204,"SB","2018-05-30","Singh S K, Kumar K S, Benjongwapang Aier, Kanduri V P, and Saroj Ahirwar. (2012). Plant community characteristics and soil status in different land use systems in Dimapur district, Nagaland, India.. Lesne Prace Badawcze, 73(4), pp..","Journal article","Singh S K; Kumar K S; Benjongwapang Aier ; Kanduri V P; Saroj Ahirwar ",2012,"Plant community characteristics and soil status in different land use systems in Dimapur district, Nagaland, India.","Lesne Prace Badawcze",73,"University of Allahabad","India","N/A","The main objective of this paper was to evaluate characteristics of plant community and the present status of soil in natural forest, home garden as well as agroforestry and shifting cultivation.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","Dimapur district, Nagaland","Sub-tropical","None",16,"Quadrats","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil nutrient status (soil pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon content, exchangeable potassium, and available phosphorus), Importance Value Index (tree diversity index)","Quantitative","Negative","The results showed that the importance value index (IVI) was the highest for natural forest, and then for agroforestry system, home garden while shifting cultivation indicated the least value of IVI. The study clearly shows that soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous under the conditions of the land use systems observed differ significantly from those in natural forest. The study on soil nutrients in different land use systems showed that soil fertility was deteriorating in current land use systems, especially in shifting cultivation (SC) due to narrowing down the time period of SC cycle. Soil nutrient contents in agroforestry and home garden systems were high; this might be due to the nutrient management practiced.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374204,"SB","2018-05-30","Singh S K, Kumar K S, Benjongwapang Aier, Kanduri V P, and Saroj Ahirwar. (2012). Plant community characteristics and soil status in different land use systems in Dimapur district, Nagaland, India.. Lesne Prace Badawcze, 73(4), pp..","Journal article","Singh S K; Kumar K S; Benjongwapang Aier ; Kanduri V P; Saroj Ahirwar ",2012,"Plant community characteristics and soil status in different land use systems in Dimapur district, Nagaland, India.","Lesne Prace Badawcze",73,"University of Allahabad","India","N/A","The main objective of this paper was to evaluate characteristics of plant community and the present status of soil in natural forest, home garden as well as agroforestry and shifting cultivation.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","Dimapur district, Nagaland","Sub-tropical","None",16,"Quadrats","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil nutrient status (soil pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon content, exchangeable potassium, and available phosphorus), Importance Value Index (tree diversity index)","Quantitative","Negative","The results showed that the importance value index (IVI) was the highest for natural forest, and then for agroforestry system, home garden while shifting cultivation indicated the least value of IVI. The study clearly shows that soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous under the conditions of the land use systems observed differ significantly from those in natural forest. The study on soil nutrients in different land use systems showed that soil fertility was deteriorating in current land use systems, especially in shifting cultivation (SC) due to narrowing down the time period of SC cycle. Soil nutrient contents in agroforestry and home garden systems were high; this might be due to the nutrient management practiced.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939001,"SB","2018-05-30","Varon EH, Eigenbrode SD, Bosque-Perez NA, and Hilje L. (2007). Effect of farm diversity on harvesting of coffee leaves by the leaf-cutting ant Atta cephalotes. AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY, 9(1), pp.47-55.","Journal article","Varon EH ; Eigenbrode SD ; Bosque-Perez NA ; Hilje L",2007,"Effect of farm diversity on harvesting of coffee leaves by the leaf-cutting ant Atta cephalotes","Agricultural and Forest Entomology",9," University of Idaho","USA"," USDA (USDA/FAS/ICD/RSED Working Capital Fund at CATIE), the University of Idaho, the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, and the University of Idaho-NSF-IGERT Project","The effect of on-farm vegetational diversity on harvesting of coffee leaves by the leaf-cutting ant, Atta cephalotes L., was examined on 15 coffee farms varying in vegetational diversity near Turrialba, Costa Rica. The farms ranged from coffee  monocultures to complex-shade coffee systems with three or more tree species\npresent. The vegetational diversity of each farm was quantified using a leaf area index. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","Turrialba region, in the Caribbean watershed","Tropical","None",15,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Biomass (g/colony/h) of coffee foliage vs. other foliage harvested by A. cephalotes between management categories ","Quantitative","Positive","In the coffee monoculture systems examined, A. cephalotes harvested primarily from broadleaf weeds and coffee plants, whereas in the more diverse systems, these ants also harvested from other available plant material, mainly trees. As a result, the proportion of coffee within plant material harvested was approximately 40% in monocultures and 10% or less in diversified systems. In the most diversified systems, coffee comprised less than 1% of the material harvested. This suggests that where A. cephalotes is a coffee pest, diversification of coffee agroecosystems could reduce the risk of attack from ants by distributing their depredations throughout the system and diluting their impact on coffee, which is the economically most important crop. The study did not detect differences in the total rate of biomass\nremoval by ants among the coffee production systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939644,"SB","2018-05-30","Veeramani VN ; Maynard LJ ; Murugappan C. (2003). Economic impact of shelterbelts on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in therilands: A decomposition analysis. Journal of Soil and Water conservation. 58(2): 113-117","Journal article","Veeramani VN ; Maynard LJ ; Murugappan C",2003,"Economic impact of shelterbelts on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in therilands: A decomposition analysis.","Journal of Soil and Water Conservation",58,"University of Kentucky","USA","N/A","The overall objective of the study was to determine if shelterbelts induce a statistically and economically significant increase in groundnut productivity.","No","Institutional and policy change","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","India","Tuticorin district, State of Tamil Nadu","Tropical","None",90,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Input costs and yield in terms of groundnut productivity","Quantitative","Positive","After accounting for land removed from production, groundnut yields increased by 15 percent (12 percent attributed to shelterbelts, three percent attributed to input use changes) in areas with mature shelterbelts. Mature shelterbelts induced estimated annual input savings of 1,074 rupees/ha (435 rupees/acre). High establishment costs and delayed benefits discourage private shelterbelt investments, suggesting a role for public investment. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938383,"SB","2018-05-31","Verbist B, Poesen J, van Noordwijk M, Widianto , Suprayogo D, Agus F, and Deckers J. (2010). Factors affecting soil loss at plot scale and sediment yield at catchment scale in a tropical volcanic agroforestry landscape. CATENA, 80(1), pp.34-46.","Journal article","Verbist B ; Poesen J ; van Noordwijk M ; Widianto  ; Suprayogo D ; Agus F ; Deckers J",2010,"Factors affecting soil loss at plot scale and sediment yield at catchment scale in a tropical volcanic agroforestry landscape","Catena",80,"K.U.Leuven, Geo-Institute","Belgium","Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR)","The specific objectives of this case study in the Way Besai are (1) to explore to what extent sediment yield (SY0 varies spatially between the most important subcatchments; (2) to attribute measured differences in SY to variables related with topography, geology, soil and land use; (3) to explore the effect of scale on SY measurements in a tropical environment; (4) to explore to what extent there has been an increase in SY over the years affecting the Way Besai storage lake; (5) to assess the effect of agroforestry practices on runoff and SY.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Way Ringkih, the Way Tebu, and the Way Petai catchments in Sumberjaya subdistrict, West-Lampung, Sumatra","Tropical","None",60,"Study plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Soil loss/sediment yield","Quantitative","Mixed","In lithologically sensitive areas, the runoff coefficient under monoculture coffee is on average significantly higher (10–15%) than under forest (4%) or under shade coffee systems (4–7%). In lithologically stable areas, soil loss remained below 1.8 Mg ha?1yr?1 and the runoff coefficient below 2.5% under all land use types, even bare soil plots or monoculture coffee gardens.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371624,"SB","2018-05-31","Vieira T A, Rosa L dos S, Santos M M. de L. S, Santos C A. A. dos, Lustosa D C, and Santos A P. A. dos. (2016). Chemical properties of soils in agroforestry homegardens and other land use systems in Eastern Amazon, Brazil.. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(29), pp.2616-2622.","Journal article","Vieira T A; Rosa L dos S; Santos M M. de L. S; Santos C A. A. dos; Lustosa D C; Santos A P. A. dos; ",2016,"Chemical properties of soils in agroforestry homegardens and other land use systems in Eastern Amazon, Brazil.","African Journal of Agricultural Research",11,"Federal University of Western Pará, Av. Vera Paz","Brazil","N/A","The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical properties of soils of homegardens and different land use systems, and to identify the factors that influence their fertility in areas of subsistence farming in Eastern Amazon, State of Pará, Brazil.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Four rural communities in the municipality of Bonito (Sumaúma, Cumaruzinho, Pau Amarelo and São Benedito), in the microregion Bragantina, northeast of the State of Pará","Tropical","None",36,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil chemical variables (soil organic matter (SOM); pH in H2O; levels of exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+ and available P)","Quantitative","Mixed","The homegardens, except for the 35-year-old in which P and K levels were higher, and the monoculture, agricultural and silvopastoral systems were similar to the secondary forest in terms of nutrient cycling. The homegardens preserved some soil chemical properties, with similar values as the secondary forest, and shows that these systems conserve the fertility of tropical soils.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371624,"SB","2018-05-31","Vieira T A, Rosa L dos S, Santos M M. de L. S, Santos C A. A. dos, Lustosa D C, and Santos A P. A. dos. (2016). Chemical properties of soils in agroforestry homegardens and other land use systems in Eastern Amazon, Brazil.. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(29), pp.2616-2622.","Journal article","Vieira T A; Rosa L dos S; Santos M M. de L. S; Santos C A. A. dos; Lustosa D C; Santos A P. A. dos; ",2016,"Chemical properties of soils in agroforestry homegardens and other land use systems in Eastern Amazon, Brazil.","African Journal of Agricultural Research",11,"Federal University of Western Pará, Av. Vera Paz","Brazil","N/A","The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical properties of soils of homegardens and different land use systems, and to identify the factors that influence their fertility in areas of subsistence farming in Eastern Amazon, State of Pará, Brazil.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Brazil","Four rural communities in the municipality of Bonito (Sumaúma, Cumaruzinho, Pau Amarelo and São Benedito), in the microregion Bragantina, northeast of the State of Pará","Tropical","None",36,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil chemical variables (soil organic matter (SOM); pH in H2O; levels of exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+ and available P)","Quantitative","Mixed","The homegardens, except for the 35-year-old in which P and K levels were higher, and the monoculture, agricultural and silvopastoral systems were similar to the secondary forest in terms of nutrient cycling. The homegardens preserved some soil chemical properties, with similar values as the secondary forest, and shows that these systems conserve the fertility of tropical soils.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372740,"SB","2018-05-31","Vignesh N S, Maheswari M, and Doraisamy P. (2014). Influence of micro-climatic factors on biodiversity of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) plantations in Tamil Nadu.. Asian Journal of Environmental Science, 9(1), pp.16-23.","Journal article","Vignesh N S; Maheswari M ; Doraisamy P ; ",2014,"Influence of micro-climatic factors on biodiversity of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) plantations in Tamil Nadu.","Asian Journal of Environmental Science",9,"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","India","M/S Cadbury India Ltd.","The aim of this study was to assess the differences in biodiversity levels and micro-climatic factors between cocoa monocultures and cocoa intercropped under coconut plantations.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","western zone of Tamil Nadu","Tropical","None","N/A","N/A","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Micro-climatic analyzer variables (air temperature, soil temperatures at different depths, relative humidity, average solar radiation, soil moisture and rainfall); faunal diversity; floral diversity; avian diversity","Quantitative","Mixed","Cocoa intercropped with coconut had lower air temperature, wind velocity, and solar radiation, and it had higher relative humidity and soil moisture than cocoa monoculture. For fauna, the Shannon (H’) Diversity indices was higher for cocoa\nintercropped with coconut areas, with respect to ages of cocoa, than cocoa monoculture areas, as were Simpson (1/D) Diversity indices.  For flora, Shannon (H’) Diversity indices was lower for cocoa intercropped area irrespective of the age of\ncocoa, as were Simpson (1/D) Diversity indices. Cocoa intercropped with coconut had higher avian species diversification (15) compared to coconut monoculture area (10). Avian diversity indices of Shannon (H’) and Simpson (1/D) were higher for cocoa intercropped area than cocoa monoculture area","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937234,"SB","2018-05-31","Villanueva-Lopez G, Martinez-Zurimendi P, Ramirez-Aviles L, Casanova-Lugo F, and Jarquin-Sanchez A. (2014). Influence of livestock systems with live fences of Gliricidia sepium on several soil properties in Tabasco, Mexico. CIENCIA E INVESTIGACION AGRARIA, 41(2), pp.175-186.","Journal article","Villanueva-Lopez G ; Martinez-Zurimendi P ; Ramirez-Aviles L ; Casanova-Lugo F ; Jarquin-Sanchez A ",2014,"Influence of livestock systems with live fences of Gliricidia sepium on several soil properties in Tabasco, Mexico","Ciencia e Investigación Agraria",41,"El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Carretera a Reforma","Mexico","Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the  live fences in livestock systems composed of G. sepium trees associated with signal pasture (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf), on several physical and chemical soil characteristics.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Mexico","municipality of Tacotalpa, Tabasco","Tropical","None",6,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil chemical and physical properties (pH, bulk density, organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, sand, silt, clay)","Quantitative","Positive","The pH in the livestock systems with live fences was closer to neutral, the soil was less dense and there was a greater proportion of silt. These changes, instigated by livestock systems with live fences, were due to higher OM, C, N contents, as well as optimal pH values, soil bulk density and sand and clay proportions for pasture and tree development. By contrast, the livestock system in a monoculture pasture of B. decumbens was more vulnerable to negative changes in soil characteristics; this was possibly due to trampling and the absence of tree sources of nitrogen-rich organic matter, which could help improve soil fertility and structure.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32382439,"SB","2018-06-07","Peneireiro F M, Rodrigues R R, Fraga da Silva, and M. E. (2000). Agroforestry systems managed through natural succession: a case study.. In: , ed., IFOAM 2000: the world grows organic. Proceedings 13th International IFOAM Scientific Conference, Basel, Switzerland, 28 to 31 August, 2000.. Zurich, Switzerland: vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zurich, pp.429.","Book chapter","Peneireiro F M; Rodrigues R R; Fraga da Silva, M. E; ",2000,"Agroforestry systems managed through natural succession: a case study.","IFOAM 2000: the world grows organic. Proceedings 13th International IFOAM Scientific Conference, Basel, Switzerland, 28 to 31 August, 2000.","N/A","Parque Zoobotanico, Universidade Federal do Acre","Brazil","N/A","An agroforestry system is described, introduced into fallow areas within a rain forest region in southern Bahia, Brazil. Vegetation changes over twelve years are compared for a control (no intervention) and study plot. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Brazil","a rain forest region in southern Bahia","Tropical","None",2,"Plots on a farm","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Floristic composition and phytosociological structure, soil chemical analysis","Quantitative","Positive","Vegetation on the agroforestry plot showed a greater floristic diversity, the plot exhibited much higher soil phosphorus levels, and forest litter macrofauna in the agroforestry plot resembled those of a later successional stage than those from the control plot. Vegetation management, particularly regular pruning, is thought to be the principal reason for differences in the two plots.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376515,"SB","2018-06-07","Place F, Roothaert R, Maina L, Franzel S, Sinja J and Wanjiku J. 2009. The impact of fodder trees on milk production and income among smallholder dairy farmers in East Africa and the role of research. ICRAF Occasional Paper No. 12. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre.","Organization report","Place F ; Roothaert R ; Maina L ; Franzel S ; Sinja J ; Wanjiku J ;",2009,"The impact of fodder trees on milk production and income among smallholder dairy farmers in East Africa and the role of research.","ICRAF Occasional Paper",12,"World Agroforestry Centre ","Kenya","World Agroforestry Centre ","The objective of this study is twofold, to demonstrate (1) the effects of fodder shrubs on milk production and their value at the household and regional level and (2) the contribution of research by the World Agroforestry Centre toward strengthening the impact of fodder shrubs. The study is a synthesis of previous studies related to dissemination, adoption and impact combined with two new analyses, one quantitatively measuring the impact of the shrubs through econometric analysis and the other a qualitative analysis to better understand constraints on adoption and gender issues related to participation and control of benefits from fodder shrubs. ","No","Institutional and policy change","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Kenya"," Embu and Maragua districts","Tropical","None",240,"Households","Type of fodder shrubs, supplements, number of shrubs, number of days fed shrubs, cattle breed","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Survey results documenting feeding strategies","Quantitative","Positive","Fodder shrubs had a positive effect on milk yield.  Using the mean value of fodder shrubs fed (5), model (a) predicted an increase in milk production of 0.58 kg. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376515,"SB","2018-06-07","Place F, Roothaert R, Maina L, Franzel S, Sinja J and Wanjiku J. 2009. The impact of fodder trees on milk production and income among smallholder dairy farmers in East Africa and the role of research. ICRAF Occasional Paper No. 12. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre.","Organization report","Place F ; Roothaert R ; Maina L ; Franzel S ; Sinja J ; Wanjiku J ;",2009,"The impact of fodder trees on milk production and income among smallholder dairy farmers in East Africa and the role of research.","ICRAF Occasional Paper",12,"World Agroforestry Centre ","Kenya","World Agroforestry Centre ","The objective of this study is twofold, to demonstrate (1) the effects of fodder shrubs on milk production and their value at the household and regional level and (2) the contribution of research by the World Agroforestry Centre toward strengthening the impact of fodder shrubs. The study is a synthesis of previous studies related to dissemination, adoption and impact combined with two new analyses, one quantitatively measuring the impact of the shrubs through econometric analysis and the other a qualitative analysis to better understand constraints on adoption and gender issues related to participation and control of benefits from fodder shrubs. ","No","Institutional and policy change","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Kenya"," Embu and Maragua districts","Tropical","None",242,"Households","Type of fodder shrubs, supplements, number of shrubs, number of days fed shrubs, cattle breed","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Survey results documenting feeding strategies, costs, and benefits","Quantitative","Positive","The average increase in net income per household using shrubs per year was about $34.85, with the median being lower at $11.66. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939114,"SB","2018-06-10","Bayala J, Balesdent J, Marol C, Zapata F, Teklehaimanot Z, and Ouedraogo SJ. (2006). Relative contribution of trees and crops to soil carbon content in a parkland system in Burkina Faso using variations in natural C-13 abundance. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 76(2-3), pp.193-201.","Journal article","Bayala J ; Balesdent J ; Marol C ; Zapata F ; Teklehaimanot Z ; Ouedraogo SJ ; ",2006,"Relative contribution of trees and crops to soil carbon content in a parkland system in Burkina Faso using variations in natural C-13 abundance","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",76,"Departement Productions Forestieres","Burkina Faso","The International Atomic Energy Agency, through the project: Lutte contre la desertification au Sahel","Our aim was to investigate the contribution to soil carbon accumulation of tree and crop (and grass) components of agroforestry parklands using the natural 13C tracer technique.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Burkina Faso","village of Sapone","Tropical","None",20,"Soil samples","Type of tree","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil carbon content","Quantitative","Positive","Soil carbon content was higher under both karite and nere species compared to the open area. The results also showed that the higher carbon under trees is due to the direct positive impact of trees in parkland systems on soil organic matter formation.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937935,"SB","2018-06-10","Benbi DK, Brar K, Toor AS, Singh P, and Singh H. (2012). Soil carbon pools under poplar-based agroforestry, rice-wheat, and maize-wheat cropping systems in semi-arid India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 92(1), pp.107-118.","Journal article","Benbi DK ; Brar K ; Toor AS ; Singh P ; Singh H ; ",2012,"Soil carbon pools under poplar-based agroforestry, rice-wheat, and maize-wheat cropping systems in semi-arid India","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",92,"Punjab Agricultural\nUniversity","India","N/A","This study evaluated the distribution of total organic carbon in pools of different lability and oxidisability, and microbial response to land-use practices involving (i) poplar-based agroforestry including legume-wheat rotation, (ii) rice-wheat and (iii) maize-wheat cropping agroecosystems in a semiarid subtropical region of India. The hypothesis was that different land-use systems with differential input of carbon through litter fall, root biomass and root exudates, and with variable soil aeration conditions impact different pools of SOC and thus the quality of soil organic matter.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Rupnagar district of the north Indian state of Punjab","Sub-tropical","None",24,"Sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Total C and N; inorganic C; total organic carbon; soil organic C; Water extractable organic carbon; Mineralizable carbon and microbial indices (hot water soluble C, soil microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration, cumulative respiration, mineralization and respiratory quotients); Oxidisable organic carbon fractions","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry and maize-wheat systems showed higher concentrations and greater stocks of soil organic carbon than rice-wheat system. A majority of organic C in soils of agroforestry and maize-wheat systems was in an easily oxidisable labile form, suggesting that the accumulated C could be easily lost following the landuse change. Conversely, preponderance of less labile or recalcitrant forms in rice-wheat system indicated more stable nature of the accumulated organic matter. Measurements of microbial biomass carbon and HWC confirmed the preponderance of less labile and recalcitrant fractions under rice-wheat cropping compared to maize-wheat rotation and agroforestry systems. A composite of soil indicators encompassing total organic C, recalcitrant C and total N could be used to distinguish the three agroecosystems.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939300,"SB/DND","2018-03-24","Clavijo MDP, Nordenstahl M, Gundel PE, and Jobbagy EG. (2005). Poplar afforestation effects on grassland structure and composition in the Flooding Pampas. RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, 58(5), pp.474-479.","Journal article","Clavijo MDP, Nordenstahl M, Gundel PE, and Jobbagy EG.",2005,"Poplar afforestation effects on grassland structure and composition in the Flooding Pampas","RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT",58,"Department of Agriculture, University of Buenos Aires","Argentina","The Inter-American Institute for Global Change (IAI-SGP 004) and Fundacion Antorchas (career start-up grant)","This study evaluated the effects of eastern cottonwood poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. ssp. deltoides) on grassland communities of the Flooding Pampa focusing on the following questions: Is the abundance of herbaceous plants and bare soil proportion affected by tree establishment? Are there changes in\nthe functional composition of herbaceous canopies (grass/sedge/dicot, C3/C4, annual/perennial proportions)? Is biodiversity, measured in terms of the ratio of native to nonnative species or plant species richness and diversity, infuenced? How do timber production rates change across the main environmental gradient? ","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Argentina","Calving ranches (Los Ombúes and San Narciso) near Castelli","Temperate","None",19,"Sites","Topography","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Herbaceous floristic composition; Growth form composition (dicots, C3, C4…); Species richness; Species diversity (Shannon–Weaver index)","Quantitative","Mixed","Live plant cover was 42% lower under poplars (P , 0.05). Litter cover followed an opposite trend leaving bare soil proportions unchanged with afforestation. Afforested stands had a higher proportion of C3 species compared with nonafforested ones. Little evidence of local extinctions or invasions with afforestation was found. Poplar understories had significantly higher nonnative species cover but similar numbers and lower species diversity (Shannon–Weaver index) yet similar species richness when compared with their nonafforested counterparts. Beyond the diversification of ranch outputs, deciduous tree plantations in the Flooding Pampas can\noffer a good forage source in their understory that complements nonafforested natural grasslands in quality and seasonality.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32392628,"SB","2018-06-10","Cristina Barbosa Cambui, Elaine, Nogueira de Vasconcelos, Rodrigo, Mariano-Neto, Eduardo, Felipe Viana, Blandina, Zikán Cardoso, and Márcio. (2017). Positive forestry: The effect of rubber tree plantations on fruit feeding butterfly assemblages in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Forest ecology and management., 397(397), pp.150-156.","Journal article","Cristina Barbosa Cambui, Elaine ; Nogueira de Vasconcelos, Rodrigo ; Mariano-Neto, Eduardo ; Felipe Viana, Blandina ; Zikán Cardoso, Márcio ;",2017,"Positive forestry: The effect of rubber tree plantations on fruit feeding butterfly assemblages in the Brazilian Atlantic forest","Forest ecology and management",397,"Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador","Brazil","Michelin; CNPq productivity grant (306985/2013-6) and Rede Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Lepidópteros (RedeLep -Sisbiota-CNPq 563332/2010-7) ","This paper evaluates the value of rubber tree plantation for the survival of butter?y species by studing a plantation system with different management regimens and asking whether the structure of fruit feeding butter?y communities was affected by these procedures and whether the assemblage structure differed between plantation and neighboring forest patches.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","state of Bahia","Tropical","None",20,"Sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Butterfly trap sampling (species diversity and richness, abundance, community composition, community structure)","Quantitative","Positive","Species richness was higherin unmanaged (no growth suppression) plantation and forest fragments (57–60 species) and lower in managed plantation (with growth suppression) (47) and primary forest (43).","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936835,"SB","2018-06-10","De Farias PM, Arellano L, Hernandez MIM, and Ortiz SL. (2015). Response of the copro-necrophagous beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) assemblage to a range of soil characteristics and livestock management in a tropical landscape. Journal of Insect Conservation, 19(5), pp.947-960.","Journal article","De Farias PM ; Arellano L ; Hernandez MIM ; Ortiz SL ; ",2015,"Response of the copro-necrophagous beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) assemblage to a range of soil characteristics and livestock management in a tropical landscape","Journal of Insect Conservation",19,"Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC","Brazil","The Fondo de Apoyo a la Educacion Superior del Estado de Santa Catarina for grant No. 1579 and the Programa de Pos Graduacion en Ecolog?a of the Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil;  Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient?fico y Tecnologico (CNPq) of the Ministerio del Medio Ambiente de Brasil, under the Productividad en Investigacio´n Grant No. 309030/2013-7.","This study investigates changes in the species diversity and assemblage structure of copro-necrophagous beetles as a function of soil characteristics, vegetation structure and management type in an anthropized tropical dry forest landscape in central Veracruz, Mexico. The predictions of the study were: (1) the abundance, biomass and diversity of beetle species will diminish with reduced habitat structural complexity and soil quality and increased intensity of management practices, and (2) introduced species will be more dominant in systems with intensive management practices and low quality soils. Study of the diversity of organisms present under different livestock management systems in tropical dry forest sites contributes towards understanding the ecological processes that occur in these systems and provides a valuable tool for the conservation of edaphic fauna and improved use of natural resources.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Mexico","the municipality of Paso de Ovejas in central Veracruz","Tropical","None",8," Sites","Management practices","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Dung beetles sampled (abundance and diversity)","Quantitative","Mixed","Found low abundance and richness of species in the treeless pastures while in the SPS of G. ulmifolia, there was a richness and abundance similar to that of the managed tree fallows, which feature greater structural complexity.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371465,"SB","2018-06-11","Dhanya B, Seema Purushothaman, and Syam Viswanath. (2016). Economic rationale of traditional agroforestry systems: a case-study of Ficus trees in semiarid agro-ecosystems of Karnataka, southern India.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 25(4), pp. 267–281.","Journal article","Dhanya B ; Seema Purushothaman ; Syam Viswanath ; ",2016,"Economic rationale of traditional agroforestry systems: a case-study of Ficus trees in semiarid agro-ecosystems of Karnataka, southern India.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",25," Institute of Wood Science and Technology ; Azim Premji University, PES Institute of Technology Campus","India","University Grants Commission, New Delhi (Senior Research Fellowship for first author) and Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (research grant for field work)","Economic values of this traditional agroforestry system were compared with alternative high-input systems using data collected from farmers’ interviews, group discussions and field walks held in 18 villages in Mandya. Data on annual farming costs and returns were used for a preliminary income comparison of various agricultural systems prevalent in Mandya. For further comparison with Ficus agroforestry, alternative systems were selected based on existing cropping pattern and farmers’ preferences.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","Mandya district of Karnataka","Tropical","None",210,"Farmers","Tree and crop selection ; irrigation practices","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Benefit-cost analysis based on interviews with farmers","Quantitative","Mixed","The two unirrigated land use options compared in the present study, Ficus agroforestry and Eucalyptus plantation showed varying economic profitability, contingent on the availability of labour markets. In spite of lower economic NPVs it may be argued that Ficus agroforestry is a more socially desirable system, considering its low requirement of external inputs, resilience to risks such as water scarcity, pests and diseases and contribution to food security in addition to environmental benefits and economic desirability when household labour has low opportunity costs. Though results of economic analyses in the present study prima facie suggest that irrigated systems are more profitable, such generalisations may not be meaningful unless various trade-offs (vulnerability to risk at high-income level versus economic stability at low income level, ecological services versus disservices etc.) are rigorously analysed.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381437,"SB","2018-06-11","Franzel S, Phiri D, and Kwesiga F. (2002). Assessing the adoption potential of improved fallows in Eastern Zambia.. In: , ed., Trees on the farm: assessing the adoption potential of agroforestry practices in Africa. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing, pp.37-64.","Book chapter","Franzel S ; Phiri D ; Kwesiga F ; ",2002,"Assessing the adoption potential of improved fallows in Eastern Zambia.","Trees on the farm: assessing the adoption potential of agroforestry practices in Africa","N/A","International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)","Kenya","International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)","The objective of this chapter is to assess the adoption potential of improved tree fallows in Eastern Province, based on farmers’ experiences. We examine: 1. Feasibility: the degree to which farmers are able to manage the technology, that is, whether they have the required information, are able to plant and maintain the fallows, and cope with any problems that arise. 2. Profitability: whether the financial benefits obtained are greater than the costs incurred and how the benefits compare with farmers’ alternative practices. 3. Farmer interest: farmers’ views and actions to expand testing and use of the practice. 4. Institutional support: particularly the adaptive research and dissemination network that has emerged for evaluating and extending improved fallows.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Eastern Province","Tropical","None",12,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Cost-benefit ratio, net present value","Quantitative","Mixed","Improved fallows performed better than continuous unfertilized maize but worse than continuous fertilized maize.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381437,"SB","2018-06-11","Franzel S, Phiri D, and Kwesiga F. (2002). Assessing the adoption potential of improved fallows in Eastern Zambia.. In: , ed., Trees on the farm: assessing the adoption potential of agroforestry practices in Africa. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing, pp.37-64.","Book chapter","Franzel S ; Phiri D ; Kwesiga F ; ",2002,"Assessing the adoption potential of improved fallows in Eastern Zambia.","Trees on the farm: assessing the adoption potential of agroforestry practices in Africa","N/A","International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)","Kenya","International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)","The objective of this chapter is to assess the adoption potential of improved tree fallows in Eastern Province, based on farmers’ experiences. We examine: 1. Feasibility: the degree to which farmers are able to manage the technology, that is, whether they have the required information, are able to plant and maintain the fallows, and cope with any problems that arise. 2. Profitability: whether the financial benefits obtained are greater than the costs incurred and how the benefits compare with farmers’ alternative practices. 3. Farmer interest: farmers’ views and actions to expand testing and use of the practice. 4. Institutional support: particularly the adaptive research and dissemination network that has emerged for evaluating and extending improved fallows.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Eastern Province","Tropical","None",12,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize yield","Quantitative","Mixed","Improved fallows performed better than continuous unfertilized maize but worse than continuous fertilized maize. However, the authors argue that improved fallows are less risky than continuous fertilized maize cultivation, based on additional costs associated with continuous fertilized maize. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372017,"SB","2018-06-11","Harawa R, Lehmann J, Akinnifesi F, Fernandes E, and Kanyama-Phiri G. (2006). Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 75(1-3), pp.271-284.","Journal article","Harawa R ; Lehmann J ; Akinnifesi F ; Fernandes E ; Kanyama-Phiri G ; ",2006,"Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",75,"Cornell University","USA","the Rockefeller Foundation through the African Food Security and Natural Resources Management (AFSNRM) Program at Cornell International Institute for Food and Agriculture Development (CIIFAD)","A study was conducted on-farm to determine the influence of three landscape positions on N dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.)-based agroforestry systems. The agroforestry systems were relay fallow using Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr or Tephrosia vogelii (Hook F.), simultaneous fallow using Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Walp., and maize without trees as a control.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Domasi valley Malosa Extension Planning Area in Southern Malawi","Tropical","None",28,"Farmers' fields","Landscape position (Elevation), Tree species selection","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize yield","Quantitative","Positive","The maize yields under agroforestry cropping systems were higher (P < 0.05) than the maize yields without trees. This was attributed to the additions of N-rich organic materials and their residual effects compared to the continuous cropping without organic amendments. Sesbania was superior to other systems in the bottom slope, producing the highest tree biomass (1,861 kg ha–1), whereas, gliricidia gave the highest tree biomass production in the midslope (2,147 kg ha–1) and upper slope (1,690 kg ha–1).  Preseason inorganic N, maize flag leaf N concentration, maize total N uptake and maize yields followed a similar trend to tree biomass production with tree-based cropping systems exhibiting higher productivity (P < 0.05) than the cropping systems without trees.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372017,"SB","2018-06-11","Harawa R, Lehmann J, Akinnifesi F, Fernandes E, and Kanyama-Phiri G. (2006). Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 75(1-3), pp.271-284.","Journal article","Harawa R ; Lehmann J ; Akinnifesi F ; Fernandes E ; Kanyama-Phiri G ; ",2006,"Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",75,"Cornell University","USA","the Rockefeller Foundation through the African Food Security and Natural Resources Management (AFSNRM) Program at Cornell International Institute for Food and Agriculture Development (CIIFAD)","A study was conducted on-farm to determine the influence of three landscape positions on N dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.)-based agroforestry systems. The agroforestry systems were relay fallow using Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr or Tephrosia vogelii (Hook F.), simultaneous fallow using Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Walp., and maize without trees as a control.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Domasi valley Malosa Extension Planning Area in Southern Malawi","Tropical","None",28,"Farmers' fields","Landscape position (Elevation), Tree species selection","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize yield","Quantitative","Positive","The maize yields under agroforestry cropping systems were higher (P < 0.05) than the maize yields without trees. This was attributed to the additions of N-rich organic materials and their residual effects compared to the continuous cropping without organic amendments. Sesbania was superior to other systems in the bottom slope, producing the highest tree biomass (1,861 kg ha–1), whereas, gliricidia gave the highest tree biomass production in the midslope (2,147 kg ha–1) and upper slope (1,690 kg ha–1).  Preseason inorganic N, maize flag leaf N concentration, maize total N uptake and maize yields followed a similar trend to tree biomass production with tree-based cropping systems exhibiting higher productivity (P < 0.05) than the cropping systems without trees.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372017,"SB","2018-06-11","Harawa R, Lehmann J, Akinnifesi F, Fernandes E, and Kanyama-Phiri G. (2006). Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 75(1-3), pp.271-284.","Journal article","Harawa R ; Lehmann J ; Akinnifesi F ; Fernandes E ; Kanyama-Phiri G ; ",2006,"Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",75,"Cornell University","USA","the Rockefeller Foundation through the African Food Security and Natural Resources Management (AFSNRM) Program at Cornell International Institute for Food and Agriculture Development (CIIFAD)","A study was conducted on-farm to determine the influence of three landscape positions on N dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.)-based agroforestry systems. The agroforestry systems were relay fallow using Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr or Tephrosia vogelii (Hook F.), simultaneous fallow using Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Walp., and maize without trees as a control.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Domasi valley Malosa Extension Planning Area in Southern Malawi","Tropical","None",28,"Farmers' fields","Landscape position (Elevation), Tree species selection","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Preseason inorganic N, maize flag leaf N concentration, maize total N uptake, nitrogen leaching, N2 fixation\n","Quantitative","Positive","Preseason inorganic N, maize flag leaf N concentration, maize total N uptake and maize yields followed a similar trend to tree biomass production with tree-based cropping systems exhibiting higher productivity (P < 0.05) than the cropping systems without trees. Nitrogen leaching from gliricidia agroforestry systems was lower than in the other agroforestry systems across all landscape positions as evidenced by 17% lower amounts (P < 0.05) of inorganic N adsorbed to ionic exchange resin membranes at 60 cm soil depth most likely due to the permanent root system of gliricidia. The similarly lower d15N contents in the trees and crop than the soil does not allow a conclusion whether or not the trees were fixing atmospheric N in our study.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372017,"SB","2018-06-11","Harawa R, Lehmann J, Akinnifesi F, Fernandes E, and Kanyama-Phiri G. (2006). Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 75(1-3), pp.271-284.","Journal article","Harawa R ; Lehmann J ; Akinnifesi F ; Fernandes E ; Kanyama-Phiri G ; ",2006,"Nitrogen dynamics in maize-based agroforestry systems as affected by landscape position in southern Malawi","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",75,"Cornell University","USA","the Rockefeller Foundation through the African Food Security and Natural Resources Management (AFSNRM) Program at Cornell International Institute for Food and Agriculture Development (CIIFAD)","A study was conducted on-farm to determine the influence of three landscape positions on N dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.)-based agroforestry systems. The agroforestry systems were relay fallow using Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr or Tephrosia vogelii (Hook F.), simultaneous fallow using Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Walp., and maize without trees as a control.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Domasi valley Malosa Extension Planning Area in Southern Malawi","Tropical","None",28,"Farmers' fields","Landscape position (Elevation), Tree species selection","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Preseason inorganic N, maize flag leaf N concentration, maize total N uptake, nitrogen leaching, N2 fixation\n","Quantitative","Positive","Preseason inorganic N, maize flag leaf N concentration, maize total N uptake and maize yields followed a similar trend to tree biomass production with tree-based cropping systems exhibiting higher productivity (P < 0.05) than the cropping systems without trees. Nitrogen leaching from gliricidia agroforestry systems was lower than in the other agroforestry systems across all landscape positions as evidenced by 17% lower amounts (P < 0.05) of inorganic N adsorbed to ionic exchange resin membranes at 60 cm soil depth most likely due to the permanent root system of gliricidia. The similarly lower d15N contents in the trees and crop than the soil does not allow a conclusion whether or not the trees were fixing atmospheric N in our study.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936945,"SB","2018-06-11","Hernandez RR, Debenport SJ, Leewis MCCE, Ndoye F, Nkenmogne KIE, Soumare A, Thuita M, Gueye M, Miambi E, Chapuis-Lardy L, Diedhiou I, and Dick RP. (2015). The native shrub, Piliostigma reticulatum, as an ecological \"resource island\" for mango trees in the Sahel. Agriculture, and Ecosystems & Environment, 204, pp.51-61.","Journal article","Hernandez RR ; Debenport SJ ; Leewis MCCE ; Ndoye F ; Nkenmogne KIE ; Soumare A ; Thuita M ; Gueye M ; Miambi E ; Chapuis-Lardy L ; Diedhiou I ; Dick RP ; ",2015,"The native shrub, Piliostigma reticulatum, as an ecological \"resource island\" for mango trees in the Sahel","Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment",204,"Stanford","USA","the Partnership for International Research and Education (NSF# 0968247), the Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), the Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, GDRI REDH), the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) in  France and in Senegal, The French Embassy in Senegal, the Agence Universitaire de la francophonie","The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of native shrub + mango intercropping on: (1) soil chemistry, (2) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis, (3) soil enzyme activity, (4) soil microbial biomass, and (5) soil microbial community structure.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Senegal","the village of Keur Ndiogou Ndiaye","Tropical","None",20,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil moisture and pH ; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; Soil enzyme activity ; Soil microbial biomass ; Microbial community structure","Quantitative","Positive","We conclude that P. reticulatum has a synergistic effect on the microbial ecology when grown in combination with mango. This resulted in soil with a more diverse community and greater potential to perform decomposition and mineralize nutrients. The results showed that mango-shrub interplanting significantly lowered pH, and increased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization of mango roots, enzyme activities, and microbial biomass compared to mango alone. Phylogenetic analyses by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that community structures of fungi, bacteria, and bacterial genes responsible for denitrification (nirK) of the soil from the rooting zone of the mango-shrub intercropping system were distinct from all other soil outside the influence of P. reticulatum. It is concluded that P. reticulatum enhances soil biological functioning and that there is a synergistic effect of intercropping mango with the native shrub, P. reticulatum, in soil quality with a more diverse community, greater AMF\ninfection rates, and greater potential to perform decomposition and mineralize nutrients.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936783,"DND","2017-02-10","Reverchon F, Bai SH, Liu X, and Blumfield TJ. (2015). Tree Plantation Systems Influence Nitrogen Retention and the Abundance of Nitrogen Functional Genes in the Solomon Islands. FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY, 6, pp..","Journal article","Reverchon F ; Bai SH ; Liu X ; Blumfield TJ",2015,"Tree Plantation Systems Influence Nitrogen Retention and the Abundance of Nitrogen Functional Genes in the Solomon Islands","FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY",6,"Instituto de Ecología A.C., Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Xalapa, México","Mexico","Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research ","This study describes the effects of intercropping teak and flueggea on soil microbial diversity and soil N retention. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Solomon Islands","Poitete, Kolombangara Island","Tropical","None","135 (5 samples per transect x 3 tranects per plot x 3 plots per plantation x 3 sampling periods)","Soil","sampling time, plantation type","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil C and N content (C:N),  Soil bacterial activity and nutrient cycling rates, Abundance of Microbial fuctional genes (most notably N cycling genes), Abundance of denitrifier bacterial/microbial communities, abundance of nitrogen fixing microbial functional genes, Abundance of archeal  amoA ","Quantitative","Mixed","This trend may not continue once trees reach mature height. Positive for soil carbon and nitrogen and abundance of denitrifier bacterial/microbial communities, negative for soil bacterial activity and nutrient cycling rates and abundance of archeal  amoA, nuetral for abundance of nitrogen fixing microbial functional genes,","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373862,"DND","2018-02-11","Rizali A, Clough Y, Buchori D, and Tscharntke T. (2013). Dissimilarity of ant communities increases with precipitation, but not reduced land-use intensity, in Indonesian cacao agroforestry. Diversity, 5(1), pp.26-38.","Journal article","Rizali A ; Clough Y ; Buchori D ; Tscharntke T ",2013,"Dissimilarity of ant communities increases with precipitation, but not reduced land-use intensity, in Indonesian cacao agroforestry","Diversity",5,"University of Göttingen","Germany"," German Science Foundation (DFG), Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), and Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia","This study describes the effects of land-use intensification and changes in precipitation due to climate change on the species richness of ant populations  in cacao agroforestry.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None","160 (10 trees per plot, 16 plots, half shaded half unshaded)","Trees","percipitation and altitude","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Ant Species diversity and dissimilarity ","Qualitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937825,"DND","2018-02-18","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z. (2012). PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA). EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE, 48(2), pp.283-300.","Journal article","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z",2012,"PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA)","Experimental Agriculture",48,"Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)","Burkina Faso","project SAFRUIT/INCO Contract Number 015465 of the European Commission","This study compared productivity of millet and tarro under baobab and nere trees. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Burkina Faso","Nobere","Tropical","None",24,"Growth Zones","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","Biomass","Quantitative","Mixed","depends on which crop combination examining","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937825,"DND","2018-02-18","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z. (2012). PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA). EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE, 48(2), pp.283-300.","Journal article","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z",2012,"PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA)","Experimental Agriculture",48,"Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)","Burkina Faso","project SAFRUIT/INCO Contract Number 015465 of the European Commission","This study compared productivity of millet and tarro under baobab and nere trees. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Burkina Faso","Nobere","Tropical","None",24,"Growth Zones","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Leaf Area Index (LAI)","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937825,"DND","2018-02-18","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z. (2012). PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA). EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE, 48(2), pp.283-300.","Journal article","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z",2012,"PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA)","Experimental Agriculture",48,"Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)","Burkina Faso","project SAFRUIT/INCO Contract Number 015465 of the European Commission","This study compared productivity of millet and tarro under baobab and nere trees. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Burkina Faso","Nobere","Tropical","None",48,"Growth Zones","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Net Photosynthesis, radiation use efficiency, ","Quantitative","Mixed","depends on which variable examined and crop combination","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937825,"DND","2018-02-18","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z. (2012). PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA). EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE, 48(2), pp.283-300.","Journal article","Sanou J, Bayala J, Bazie P, and Teklehaimanot Z",2012,"PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION BY MILLET (PENNISETUM GLAUCUM) AND TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) GROWN UNDER BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA) AND NERE (PARKIA BIGLOBOSA) IN AN AGROFORESTRY PARKLAND SYSTEM OF BURKINA FASO (WEST AFRICA)","Experimental Agriculture",48,"Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)","Burkina Faso","project SAFRUIT/INCO Contract Number 015465 of the European Commission","This study compared productivity of millet and tarro under baobab and nere trees. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Burkina Faso","Nobere","Tropical","None",48,"Growth Zones","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Stomatal conductance and water use efficiency (WUE)","Quantitative","Mixed","for WUE agroforestry had negative effect, while stomatal conductance depended on the crop","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371204,"DND","2018-03-01","Khaki B A, Wani A A, Bhardwaj D R, and Singh V R. R. (2016). Soil carbon sequestration under different agroforestry land use systems.. Indian Forester, 142(8), pp..","Journal article","Khaki B A, Wani A A, Bhardwaj D R, and Singh V R. R",2016,"Soil carbon sequestration under different agroforestry land use systems.","Indian Forester",142,"Department of Ecology, Environment and Remote Sensing, Bemina Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir","India","None","This study compared six agroforestry practices (hortipstoral, silvo-pastoral, agri-silvopastoral, agri-silvicultural, horti-silvopastoral, pure forest and natural grassland) on soil carbon sequestration properties.  ","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","Poanta Valley (located on the western extreme of the Doon Valley)","Sub-tropical","None",6,"Agroforestry systems","depth soil sample was taken from,","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bulk Density, soil organic carbon","Quantitative","Mixed","depended on the specific practice done, soil depth, and wether it was compared to the pure forest comparator or the grass lands comparator","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371213,"DND","2018-03-03","Kinasih I, Cahyanto T, Widiana A, Kurnia D N. I, Julita U, and Putra R E. (2016). Soil invertebrate diversity in coffee-pine agroforestry system at Sumedang, West Java.. Biodiversitas: Journal of Biological Diversity, 17(2), pp..","Journal article","Kinasih I, Cahyanto T, Widiana A, Kurnia D N. I, Julita U, and Putra R E. ",2016,"Soil invertebrate diversity in coffee-pine agroforestry system at Sumedang, West Java.","Journal of Biological Diversity",17,"Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung","Indonesia","Directorate for Research and Community Service, Directorate General for Higher Education, GoI through Decentralization Research Grant 2015-2016","This study describes a biodiversity survey of soil invertabrates at local pine-coffee agroforestry systems as compared to pine plantations and coffee plantations in West Java, Indonesia. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Rancakalong Sub-district, Sumedang District, West Java","Tropical","None",1200,"Pitfall traps","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Number of individual soil Invertebrates ","Quantitative","Mixed","dependant on the compared crop Coffee <Agroforestry< pine","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939609,"DND","2018-03-07","Perfecto I, Mas A, Dietsch T, and Vandermeer J. (2003). Conservation of biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems: a tri-taxa comparison in southern Mexico. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 12(6), pp.1239-1252.","Journal article","Perfecto I, Mas A, Dietsch T, and Vandermeer J.",2003,"Conservation of biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems: a tri-taxa comparison in southern Mexico","BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION",12,"University of Michigan, Depatment of Natural Resources","United States","Partially funded by the Latin American and Caribbean Study Program, the School of Natural Resources and Environment of the University of Michigan, the Horace Rackham Graduate School of the University of Michigan, the Kalamazoo Audubon Society and an NSF grant DEB-9981526","This study compares species richness of birds, fruit-feeding butterflies and ground-foraging ants along a coffee intensification gradient represented by a reduction in the number of species of shade trees and percentage of shade cover in coffee plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Tapachula and Huixtla in the Soconusco region of the state of Chiapas","Tropical","None",32,"Sampling Locations (4 per habitat type per plot)","location of study site, existance of forest fragements near study site, specific taxa","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Taxa (Birds, Ants, Butterflies) Biodiversity","Quantitative","Mixed","Inconsistent pattern across sites. General trend of decline from forest to intense coffee plantations, but different taxa experience this in different ways","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374951,"DND","2018-03-13","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B. (2011). Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.. Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy, 33(2), pp..","Journal article","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B.",2011,"Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.","Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy",33,"Centro de Pesquisa de Pecuaria do Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria","Brazil","Not Stated","This study examined the effects of grevilla trees on producing a microclimate for understory coffee plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Mococa- São Paulo Region","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","time of day and year","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Global Solar Radiation","Quantitative","Negative","This was true on average, but there was temporal variation - seasonal and time of day","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374951,"DND","2018-03-13","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B. (2011). Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.. Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy, 33(2), pp..","Journal article","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B.",2011,"Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.","Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy",33,"Centro de Pesquisa de Pecuaria do Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria","Brazil","N/A","This study examined the effects of grevilla trees on producing a microclimate for understory coffee plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Mococa- São Paulo Region","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","time of day and year","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Maximum Air Temperature","Quantitative","Negative","This was true for the average but there was spatial variation in air temperature as the  distance from a grevillea tree increased","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374951,"DND","2018-03-13","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B. (2011). Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.. Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy, 33(2), pp..","Journal article","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B.",2011,"Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.","Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy",33,"Centro de Pesquisa de Pecuaria do Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria","Brazil","N/A","This study examined the effects of grevilla trees on producing a microclimate for understory coffee plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Mococa- São Paulo Region","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Minimum Air Temperature","Quantitative","Neutral","No difference in minimum air temperature under shade vs. no-shade","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374951,"DND","2018-03-13","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B. (2011). Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.. Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy, 33(2), pp..","Journal article","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B.",2011,"Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.","Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy",33,"Centro de Pesquisa de Pecuaria do Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria","Brazil","N/A","This study examined the effects of grevilla trees on producing a microclimate for understory coffee plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Mococa- São Paulo Region","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","time of day and year","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Vapor Pressure Deficit","Quantitative","Negative","This was true for the average but there was spatial variation in air temperature as the  distance from a grevillea tree increased. This can contribute to the maximization of water use efficiency.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374951,"DND","2018-03-13","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B. (2011). Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.. Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy, 33(2), pp..","Journal article","Pezzopane J R. M, Souza P S. de, Rolim G de S, and Gallo P B.",2011,"Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading.","Acta Scientiarum - Agronomy",33,"Centro de Pesquisa de Pecuaria do Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria","Brazil","N/A","This study examined the effects of grevilla trees on producing a microclimate for understory coffee plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Mococa- São Paulo Region","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Average Wind Speed","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371097,"DND","2018-03-19","Himshikha , and Charan Singh. (2017). Socio-economic conditions of the farmers.. Agriculture Update, 12(1), pp..","Journal article","Himshikha , and Charan Singh. ",2017,"Socio-economic conditions of the farmers.","Agriculture Update",12,"Extension Division, Forest Research Institu","India","N/A","This study analyses socio-economic conditions of agroforestry and non-agroforestry farmers in Haridwar, India, based on survey responses from farmers.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","Haridwar district (Haridwar, Roorkee, and Laksar tehsils)","Sub-tropical","None",426,"Farmers","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A"," Income status, Tendency to hire labour","Quantitative","Positive","note that this is strictly correlation","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371097,"DND","2018-03-19","Himshikha , and Charan Singh. (2017). Socio-economic conditions of the farmers.. Agriculture Update, 12(1), pp..","Journal article","Himshikha , and Charan Singh. ",2017,"Socio-economic conditions of the farmers.","Agriculture Update",12,"Extension Division, Forest Research Institu","India","N/A","This study analyses socio-economic conditions of agroforestry and non-agroforestry farmers in Haridwar, India, based on survey responses from farmers.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","Haridwar district (Haridwar, Roorkee, and Laksar tehsils)","Sub-tropical","None",426,"Farmers","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Land Size, Housing structure, Ownership of Land","Quantitative","Positive","note that this is strictly correlation, non-adopters tended to rent/ lease more land as compared to adopters (possibly didn't adopt agroforestry becuase of debts)","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371094,"DND","2018-03-20","Hernandez Ordonez J. O, Gutierrez Castorena M. del C, Ortiz Solorio C. A, Sanchez Guzman P, and Angeles Cervantes E. (2017). Calidad de Andosols en sistemas forestal, agroforestal y agricola con diferentes manejos en Zacatlan, Puebla. Terra Latinoamericana, 35(2), pp..","Journal article","Hernandez Ordonez J. O, Gutierrez Castorena M. del C, Ortiz Solorio C. A, Sanchez Guzman P, and Angeles Cervantes E.",2017,"Calidad de Andosols en sistemas forestal, agroforestal y agricola con diferentes manejos en Zacatlan, Puebla.","Terra Latinoamericana",35,"Postgraduate School, Campus Montecillo","Mexico","N/A","The present study was carried out to characterize the quality of Andosols under different management systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Mexico","Atzingo and Poxcuatzingo (communities within Zacatlán), state of Puebla","Temperate","None",10,"Sites","None stated","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Structure, Soil Organic Matter, Soil Bulk Density, Soil Moisture","Quantitative","Mixed","Dependent on comparator and specific variable measured.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32392635,"DND","2018-03-22","Chen Chunfeng, Junen Wu, Wenjie Liu, and Xiaojin Jiang. (2017). Effects of rubber-based agroforestry systems on soil aggregation and associated soil organic carbon: Implications for land use. Geoderma., , pp.13-24.","Journal article","Chen Chunfeng, Junen Wu, Wenjie Liu, and Xiaojin Jiang",2017,"Effects of rubber-based agroforestry systems on soil aggregation and associated soil organic carbon: Implications for land use","Geoderma",299,"Chinese Academy of Sciences","China"," National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570622 and 41271051), the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2013FA022 and 2014HB042), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences 135-Project (KFJ- EW-STS-084)","The objective of this study was to examine the management and landscape effects on water stable soil aggregates, soil aggregate-associated carbon, nitrogen content and soil carbon, and nitrogen ac- cumulation in Xishuangbanna, southwestern China","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan Province","Sub-tropical","None",104,"Rubber-based agroforestry systems","soil depth","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Water stable aggregate index in topsoil, aggregate Nitrogen, aggregates of Soil Organic Carbon, Distribution of macroaggregates at all soil depths, Number of aggregates  and Soil mean weight diameter,  ","Quantitative","Positive"," all but H. brasiliensis–C. arabica, and compared to monocultures","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938053,"DND","2018-03-24","Clough Y, Barkmann J, Juhrbandt J, Kessler M, Wanger TC, Anshary A, Buchori D, Cicuzza D, Darras K, Putra DD, Erasmi S, Pitopang R, Schmidt C, Schulze CH, Seidel D, Steffan-Dewenter I, Stenchly K, Vidal S, Weist M, Wielgoss AC, and Tscharntke T. (2017). Combining high biodiversity with high yields in tropical agroforests. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 108(20), pp.8311-8316.","Journal article","Clough Y, Barkmann J, Juhrbandt J, Kessler M, Wanger TC, Anshary A, Buchori D, Cicuzza D, Darras K, Putra DD, Erasmi S, Pitopang R, Schmidt C, Schulze CH, Seidel D, Steffan-Dewenter I, Stenchly K, Vidal S, Weist M, Wielgoss AC, and Tscharntke T. ",2017,"Combining high biodiversity with high yields in tropical agroforests.","PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA",108,"Department of Crop Sciences, Institure of Geography, Cartography, Geographic Information System, and Remote Sensing","Germany","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant","This study investigates the relationship between yield and species richness along a gradient from low-intensity tropical agroforestry systems to intensively managed tree-crop plantations","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Sulawesi, near Lore Lindu National Park","Tropical","None",103,"Smallholder cacao agroforestry systems (43 from field study, 60 from survey's)","black pod disease","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","expected yield","Quantitative","Negative","Expected yield of cacao tress decreased with increasing shade","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936304,"DND","2018-03-25","Chen XJ, Hou FJ, Matthew C, and He XZ. (2017). Soil C, N, and P Stocks Evaluation Under Major Land Uses on China's Loess Plateau. RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, 70(3), pp.341-347.","Journal article","Chen XJ, Hou FJ, Matthew C, and He XZ.",2017,"Soil C, N, and P Stocks Evaluation Under Major Land Uses on China's Loess Plateau","RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT",70,"College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University","China","N/A","This study describes the impacts of the five major land use types in the Loess Plateau on soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and phorphorus stocks.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","China","Tianshui village, Huanxian County, Gansu Province","Temperate","None",2790,"soil cores","site, soil depth and interactions between site and soil depth","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon, total soil nitrogen, total soil phosphorus","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on compartor and specific variable chosen","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939211,"DND","2018-03-25","Corre MD, Dechert G, and Veldkamp E. (2006). Soil nitrogen cycling following Montane forest conversion in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL, 70(2), pp.359-366.","Journal article","Corre MD, Dechert G, and Veldkamp E.",2006,"Soil nitrogen cycling following Montane forest conversion in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia","Soil Science Society of America Journal",70,"Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, University of Goettengen","Germany"," German Research Foundation","This study describes soil nitrogen dynamics under agroforestry systems, corn cultivation and indigenous forests in Sulawesi, Indonesia.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Sulawesi, near Lore Lindu National Park","Tropical","None",8,"Sites","None stated","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil N cycling rates, Gross N mineralization rates, Turnover rate of NH4+, Turnover rate of microbial N pools","Quantitative","Mixed","Dependent on comparator and specific variable measured.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid (Grant number: ICRAF 07 01).","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","Men","Food Security","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. These results provide evidence that fertilizer tree adoption has a positive and significant impact on household food security in maize based food system. The estimation results show that gender of the household head, market distance and perceptions to temperature increases have consistent effects for the two regimes. Having a male head in the household has a positive and significant effect on the value of food crops for both adopters and non-adopters regimes. The age of the household head has a positive and significant effect on the food crops value only for fertilizer tree adopters' regime but not on the non-adopters. A unit increase in the age of the household head increases the value of food crops. Age can be considered as a proxy for farming experience and accumulated wealth over the years (in terms of land, labor and capital). Therefore, older farmers that are adopters will tend to have better experience with fertilizer tree management and also may have more capacity to afford other complementary purchased inputs like pesticides and improved seed hence will realize higher value of food crops compared their younger counterparts.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","Men","Food Security","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. These results provide evidence that fertilizer tree adoption has a positive and significant impact on household food security in maize based food system. The estimation results show that gender of the household head, market distance and perceptions to temperature increases have consistent effects for the two regimes. Having a male head in the household has a positive and significant effect on the value of food crops for both adopters and non-adopters regimes. The age of the household head has a positive and significant effect on the food crops value only for fertilizer tree adopters' regime but not on the non-adopters. A unit increase in the age of the household head increases the value of food crops. Age can be considered as a proxy for farming experience and accumulated wealth over the years (in terms of land, labor and capital). Therefore, older farmers that are adopters will tend to have better experience with fertilizer tree management and also may have more capacity to afford other complementary purchased inputs like pesticides and improved seed hence will realize higher value of food crops compared their younger counterparts.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid (Grant number: ICRAF 07 01).","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","Smallholder farmers","Food Security","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. They examined the differential impacts of adoption by stratifying farming households according to land ownership and adoption of improved seed. The disaggregated results seem to suggest that farmers with land holdings of up to 2 acres experience the highest food security impacts. More specifically, farmers with land ownership of < 1 acre will realize an 82% increase in the food crops value from adopting fertilizer trees. We also find that farmers who own land between 1 and 2 acres also significantly realize a 66% higher value of food crops by adopting fertilizer trees.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","Smallholder farmers","Food Security","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. They examined the differential impacts of adoption by stratifying farming households according to land ownership and adoption of improved seed. The disaggregated results seem to suggest that farmers with land holdings of up to 2 acres experience the highest food security impacts. More specifically, farmers with land ownership of < 1 acre will realize an 82% increase in the food crops value from adopting fertilizer trees. We also find that farmers who own land between 1 and 2 acres also significantly realize a 66% higher value of food crops by adopting fertilizer trees.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid (Grant number: ICRAF 07 01).","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Men","Maize yield","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. These results provide evidence that fertilizer tree adoption has a positive and significant impact on household food security in maize based food system. The estimation results show that gender of the household head, market distance and perceptions to temperature increases have consistent effects for the two regimes. Having a male head in the household has a positive and significant effect on the value of food crops for both adopters and non-adopters regimes. The age of the household head has a positive and significant effect on the food crops value only for fertilizer tree adopters' regime but not on the non-adopters. A unit increase in the age of the household head increases the value of food crops. Age can be considered as a proxy for farming experience and accumulated wealth over the years (in terms of land, labor and capital). Therefore, older farmers that are adopters will tend to have better experience with fertilizer tree management and also may have more capacity to afford other complementary purchased inputs like pesticides and improved seed hence will realize higher value of food crops compared their younger counterparts.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Men","Maize yield","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. These results provide evidence that fertilizer tree adoption has a positive and significant impact on household food security in maize based food system. The estimation results show that gender of the household head, market distance and perceptions to temperature increases have consistent effects for the two regimes. Having a male head in the household has a positive and significant effect on the value of food crops for both adopters and non-adopters regimes. The age of the household head has a positive and significant effect on the food crops value only for fertilizer tree adopters' regime but not on the non-adopters. A unit increase in the age of the household head increases the value of food crops. Age can be considered as a proxy for farming experience and accumulated wealth over the years (in terms of land, labor and capital). Therefore, older farmers that are adopters will tend to have better experience with fertilizer tree management and also may have more capacity to afford other complementary purchased inputs like pesticides and improved seed hence will realize higher value of food crops compared their younger counterparts.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid (Grant number: ICRAF 07 01).","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Smallholder farmers","Maize yield","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. They examined the differential impacts of adoption by stratifying farming households according to land ownership and adoption of improved seed. The disaggregated results seem to suggest that farmers with land holdings of up to 2 acres experience the highest food security impacts. More specifically, farmers with land ownership of < 1 acre will realize an 82% increase in the food crops value from adopting fertilizer trees. We also find that farmers who own land between 1 and 2 acres also significantly realize a 66% higher value of food crops by adopting fertilizer trees.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Smallholder farmers","Maize yield","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. They examined the differential impacts of adoption by stratifying farming households according to land ownership and adoption of improved seed. The disaggregated results seem to suggest that farmers with land holdings of up to 2 acres experience the highest food security impacts. More specifically, farmers with land ownership of < 1 acre will realize an 82% increase in the food crops value from adopting fertilizer trees. We also find that farmers who own land between 1 and 2 acres also significantly realize a 66% higher value of food crops by adopting fertilizer trees.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid (Grant number: ICRAF 07 01).","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","Men","Value of food crops per acre","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. These results provide evidence that fertilizer tree adoption has a positive and significant impact on household food security in maize based food system. The estimation results show that gender of the household head, market distance and perceptions to temperature increases have consistent effects for the two regimes. Having a male head in the household has a positive and significant effect on the value of food crops for both adopters and non-adopters regimes. The age of the household head has a positive and significant effect on the food crops value only for fertilizer tree adopters' regime but not on the non-adopters. A unit increase in the age of the household head increases the value of food crops. Age can be considered as a proxy for farming experience and accumulated wealth over the years (in terms of land, labor and capital). Therefore, older farmers that are adopters will tend to have better experience with fertilizer tree management and also may have more capacity to afford other complementary purchased inputs like pesticides and improved seed hence will realize higher value of food crops compared their younger counterparts.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","Men","Value of food crops per acre","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. These results provide evidence that fertilizer tree adoption has a positive and significant impact on household food security in maize based food system. The estimation results show that gender of the household head, market distance and perceptions to temperature increases have consistent effects for the two regimes. Having a male head in the household has a positive and significant effect on the value of food crops for both adopters and non-adopters regimes. The age of the household head has a positive and significant effect on the food crops value only for fertilizer tree adopters' regime but not on the non-adopters. A unit increase in the age of the household head increases the value of food crops. Age can be considered as a proxy for farming experience and accumulated wealth over the years (in terms of land, labor and capital). Therefore, older farmers that are adopters will tend to have better experience with fertilizer tree management and also may have more capacity to afford other complementary purchased inputs like pesticides and improved seed hence will realize higher value of food crops compared their younger counterparts.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid (Grant number: ICRAF 07 01).","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","Smallholder farmers","Value of food crops per acre","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. They examined the differential impacts of adoption by stratifying farming households according to land ownership and adoption of improved seed. The disaggregated results seem to suggest that farmers with land holdings of up to 2 acres experience the highest food security impacts. More specifically, farmers with land ownership of < 1 acre will realize an 82% increase in the food crops value from adopting fertilizer trees. We also find that farmers who own land between 1 and 2 acres also significantly realize a 66% higher value of food crops by adopting fertilizer trees.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936236,"DND","2018-03-28","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G. (2017). Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 155, pp.52-69.","Journal article","Coulibaly JY, Chiputwa B, Nakelse T, and Kundhlande G",2017,"Adoption of agroforestry and the impact on household food security among farmers in Malawi","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",155,"World Agroforestry Center","Kenya","Agroforestry for Food Security Project, phase II in Malawi funded by the Irish Aid","This paper analyzes the impacts of adopting fertilizer trees on household food security using household data from maize farmers in Malawi after the Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) intervention implemented by ICRAF in 2007.  ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malawi","Karonga, Mzimba, Salima, Kasungu, Thyolo, and Mulanje districts","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",338,"Households","Quantity of inorganic fertilizer application, access to extension services - distance and knowledge of program, soil quality, soil fertility variables, selection bias from CBO and lead farmers used to reach more farmers,  project was targeted to the poorer populations - may overestimate the impacts of project, most motivated farmers or those who expect to receive a benefit from it are more likely to participate and may be in someway different than those who did not participate ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","Smallholder farmers","Value of food crops per acre","Qualitative","Positive","The results reveal that households that adopted fertilizer trees will have higher food security status compared to a scenario had they not adopted. More specifically, households that actually adopted fertilizer trees would realize an additional value of food crops value of 12,447 MWK per acre, which translates to a 35% increment. They examined the differential impacts of adoption by stratifying farming households according to land ownership and adoption of improved seed. The disaggregated results seem to suggest that farmers with land holdings of up to 2 acres experience the highest food security impacts. More specifically, farmers with land ownership of < 1 acre will realize an 82% increase in the food crops value from adopting fertilizer trees. We also find that farmers who own land between 1 and 2 acres also significantly realize a 66% higher value of food crops by adopting fertilizer trees.","Yes","Agroforestry adoption led to higher maize yields and food crops value","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937074,"DND","2018-04-16","De Beenhouwer M, Muleta D, Peeters B, Van Geel M, Lievens B, and Honnay O. (2015). DNA pyrosequencing evidence for large diversity differences between natural and managed coffee mycorrhizal fungal communities. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 35(1), pp.241-249.","Journal article","De Beenhouwer M, Muleta D, Peeters B, Van Geel M, Lievens B, and Honnay O. ",2015,"DNA pyrosequencing evidence for large diversity differences between natural and managed coffee mycorrhizal fungal communities","AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT",35,"KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg","Belgium","University Development Cooperation of the Flemish Interuniversity Council and a VLADOC grant (VLIR-UOS).","This study assessed the mycorrhizal diversity and community composition in Arabica cofee in five different management systems","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Jimma zone of the Oromo region","Sub-tropical","None",5,"Coffee management systems","Management intensity","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil physicochemical analysis (soil pH, soil inorganic nitrogen availability, ammonium, nitrate, soil inorganic phosphor availability) ; mycorrhizal colonization ; mycorrhizal diversity","Quantitative","Positive","Our results indicate a strong difference in mycorrhizal diversity and community composition in roots of C. arabica when the forest coffee system is compared with other coffee management systems. Therefore, our study stresses the unique position of natural, wild coffee for its associated mycorrhizal symbiosis. Conserving populations of natural wild Arabica coffee through better forest protection therefore not only ensures in situ conservation of coffee genetic resources, but also protects its high mycorrhizal diversity with possible future applications in low input agriculture. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937074,"DND","2018-04-19","De Beenhouwer M, Muleta D, Peeters B, Van Geel M, Lievens B, and Honnay O. (2015). DNA pyrosequencing evidence for large diversity differences between natural and managed coffee mycorrhizal fungal communities. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 35(1), pp.241-249.","Journal article","De Beenhouwer M, Muleta D, Peeters B, Van Geel M, Lievens B, and Honnay O. ",2015,"DNA pyrosequencing evidence for large diversity differences between natural and managed coffee mycorrhizal fungal communities","AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT",35,"KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg","Belgium","University Development Cooperation of the Flemish Interuniversity Council and a VLADOC grant (VLIR-UOS).","This study assessed the mycorrhizal diversity and community composition in Arabica cofee in five different management systems","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ethiopia","Jimma zone of the Oromo region","Sub-tropical","None",5,"Coffee management systems","Management intensity","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil physicochemical analysis (soil pH, soil inorganic nitrogen availability, ammonium, nitrate, soil inorganic phosphor availability) ; mycorrhizal colonization ; mycorrhizal diversity","Quantitative","Mixed","Performed worse than forest coffee system but better than coffee plantation system. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938260,"DND","2018-04-21","de la Mora A, and Phlpott SM. (2010). Wood-Nesting Ants and Their Parasites in Forests and Coffee Agroecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY, 39(5), pp.1473-1481.","Journal article","de la Mora A, and Phlpott SM. ",2010,"Wood-Nesting Ants and Their Parasites in Forests and Coffee Agroecosystems.","ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY",39,"ECOSUR","Mexico","The University of Toledo and NSF (DEB-0349388 award)","This paper describes a study on the abundance, diversity, and species composition of wood-nesting ants and frequency of parasitism of poneromorph ants in coffee agroecosystems and a forest fragment in Chiapas, Mexico. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Soconusco region of Chiapas","Tropical","None",4,"Study sites","Shade management","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Colony abundance, ant species composition, ant species richness, fraction of parasitized ant species","Quantitative","Mixed","This study did not find differences in richness or abundance of wood nesting ants, but did find strong differences in species composition. In poneromorph ants, parasitism by eucharitid parasitoids was common and somewhat stronger in the forest and traditional polyculture sites.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937111,"DND","2018-04-27","Deheuvels O, Rousseau GX, Quiroga GS, Franco MD, Cerda R, Mendoza SJV, and Somarriba E. (2014). Biodiversity is affected by changes in management intensity of cocoa-based agroforests. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 88(6), pp.1081-1099.","Journal article","Deheuvels O, Rousseau GX, Quiroga GS, Franco MD, Cerda R, Mendoza SJV, and Somarriba E",2014,"Biodiversity is affected by changes in management intensity of cocoa-based agroforests","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",88,"CIRAD","France"," CIRAD, the French\nEmbassy in Costa Rica, the FIRC fund (France) and CATIE/\nMAP/PCC","This paper assessed if differences in the vegetation composition and structure of 36 cocoa agroforests could affect the wild diversity of small mammals, amphibians, reptiles, soil and litter macro-invertebrates and epiphytes found on cocoa trees and associated plants.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","Bribri Indigenous Reserve - Talamanca region","Tropical","None",44,"Study plots","Management intensity","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Alpha-diversity and beta-diversity of terrestrial plants, epiphytes, leaf litter macro-invertebrates, soil macro-invertebrates, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians","Quantitative","Negative","Cocoa-based agroforests in Talamanca were significantly less diverse than neighboring forest patches","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937544,"DND","2018-04-28","Demessie A, Singh BR, and Lal R. (2013). Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks under chronosequence of farm and traditional agroforestry land uses in Gambo District, Southern Ethiopia. NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS, 95(3), pp.365-375.","Journal article","Demessie A ; Singh BR ; Lal R ",2013,"Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks under chronosequence of farm and traditional agroforestry land uses in Gambo District, Southern Ethiopia","NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS",95,"Hawassa University","Ethiopia","NORAD","The objectives of the study were to determine: (1) the changes in the concentration and stocks of SOC and N in soils during 12, 20, 30, 40 and 50 years after conversion of natural forest to agroforestry and farm lands under the prevailing farmer’s practice, and (2) the distribution of SOC and N in the soil profile to 1 m depth of these land use systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Ashoka, Leye and Beseko, in Gambo District","Tropical","None",200,"Soil samples","Age of land use since transformed from natural forest","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organinc carbon, N, pH, and bulk density","Quantitative","Mixed","SOC and N were concentrated in 0–20 cm depth and  their concentration in agroforestry and farm land uses was significantly lower than that under the natural forest. Soils in traditional agroforestry land use showed a trend of higher SOC stocks in all chronosequences than those under the corresponding farm lands.The SOC and N stocks tended to be less in farm lands than in the traditional agroforestry. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937490,"DND","2018-05-05","Dhanya B, Viswanath S, and Purushothaman S. (2013). Crop Yield Reduction in Ficus Agroforestry Systems of Karnataka, Southern India: Perceptions and Realities. AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS, 37(6), pp.727-735.","Journal article","Dhanya B, Viswanath S, and Purushothaman S",2013,"Crop Yield Reduction in Ficus Agroforestry Systems of Karnataka, Southern India: Perceptions and Realities","Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems",37,"Tree Improvement and Propagation Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Malleswaram, Bangalore, Karnataka","India","University Grants Commission (Senior Research Fellowship) ; Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education","This study was undertaken with the objective of quantifying the effect of Ficus on the yield of the major crop grown in rainfed farms; finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) in order to test the validity of farmers’ perception of yield loss due to Ficus species in agroforestry systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Mandya district","Tropical","None",147,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Crop yield (finger millet - grain and straw)","Quantitative","Negative","An average 30% reduction in crop yield has been reported by farmers due to presence of Ficus trees in their fields.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937490,"DND","2018-05-05","Dhanya B, Viswanath S, and Purushothaman S. (2013). Crop Yield Reduction in Ficus Agroforestry Systems of Karnataka, Southern India: Perceptions and Realities. AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS, 37(6), pp.727-735.","Journal article","Dhanya B, Viswanath S, and Purushothaman S",2013,"Crop Yield Reduction in Ficus Agroforestry Systems of Karnataka, Southern India: Perceptions and Realities","Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems",37,"Tree Improvement and Propagation Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Malleswaram, Bangalore, Karnataka","India","University Grants Commission (Senior Research Fellowship) ; Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education","This study was undertaken with the objective of quantifying the effect of Ficus on the yield of the major crop grown in rainfed farms; finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) in order to test the validity of farmers’ perception of yield loss due to Ficus species in agroforestry systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Mandya district","Tropical","None",20,"Sample plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Crop yield (finger millet - grain and straw)","Quantitative","Negative","Under F. benghalensis tree canopies average grain yield was only 0.210 kg/m2, while outside canopy the average yield was 0.339 kg/m2. Average straw yield under canopy was 0.323 kg/m2 and outside canopy, straw yield was 0.434 kg/m2. This translates to a reduction of 20.48% per hectare in grain yield in fields with Ficus trees compared to treeless fields, while straw yield reduction per hectare was 13.73% per hectare.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937490,"DND","2018-05-05","Dhanya B, Viswanath S, and Purushothaman S. (2013). Crop Yield Reduction in Ficus Agroforestry Systems of Karnataka, Southern India: Perceptions and Realities. AGROECOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS, 37(6), pp.727-735.","Journal article","Dhanya B, Viswanath S, and Purushothaman S",2013,"Crop Yield Reduction in Ficus Agroforestry Systems of Karnataka, Southern India: Perceptions and Realities","Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems",37,"Tree Improvement and Propagation Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Malleswaram, Bangalore, Karnataka","India","University Grants Commission (Senior Research Fellowship) ; Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education","This study was undertaken with the objective of quantifying the effect of Ficus on the yield of the major crop grown in rainfed farms; finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) in order to test the validity of farmers’ perception of yield loss due to Ficus species in agroforestry systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Mandya district","Tropical","None",5,"Soil sample areas (under different land uses)","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil bulk density, pH and electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available N, available P, available K, and exchangeable Ca and Mg and available S","Quantitative","Mixed","Plots with F. benghalensis trees have slightly higher organic C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and lower EC and bulk density than corresponding non-treed plots under both finger millet cultivation and fallow land uses and the Eucalyptus plantation. But differences did not\nemerge statistically significant with a single factor ANOVA. The reason for this could be the annual application of compost in these plots which masks the fertility effects of Ficus trees. Farmers apply 3–4 tons of compost less per hectare in fields with Ficus trees compared to plots without trees.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371463,"DND","2018-05-14","Dereje Denu, Platts P J, Ensermu Kelbessa, Gole T W, and Marchant R. (2016). The role of traditional coffee management in forest conservation and carbon storage in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 25(4), pp. 226–238.","Journal article","Dereje Denu, Platts P J, Ensermu Kelbessa, Gole T W, and Marchant R",2016,"The role of traditional coffee management in forest conservation and carbon storage in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia"," Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods",25,"Jimma University","Ethiopia","Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland through the CHIESA Project","The objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify aboveground live carbon (AGC) in the Jimma Highland’s SFC, compared with carbon stored in nearby natural forests and other common land use/land cover types (woodland, pasture, cropland and plantation forest); (2) determine coffee farmers’ preferences for canopy shade trees and the consequences of this for carbon storage and tree species composition.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Jimma Highlands (Ageyo, Difo and Setema villages), southwest Ethopia","Tropical","None",30,"1-ha vegetation plots","Elevation","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Aboveground live carbon storage","Quantitative","Mixed","The largest mean value for aboveground live carbon (AGC) storage was for plantation forest, the smallest was for farmland covered by annual crops. Semi-forest coffee stored significantly more AGC than woodland, pasture, and cropland, significantly less than plantation forest, and less than natural forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938298,"DND","2018-05-16","Hoehn P, Steffan-Dewenter I, and Tscharntke T. (2010). Relative contribution of agroforestry, rainforest and openland to local and regional bee diversity. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 19(8), pp.2189-2200.","Journal article","Hoehn P, Steffan-Dewenter I, and Tscharntke T",2010,"Relative contribution of agroforestry, rainforest and openland to local and regional bee diversity","BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION",19,"eurofins-GAB","Germany","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)","This study investigated the contribution of tropical primary forest, cacao agroforestry systems of varying management practices, and openland to the temporal and spatial variation of diversity of native bee communities in the herb layer (Apidae, Hymenoptera) in Sulawesi (Indonesia).","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi, study sites were located in an area of agricultural activity surrounding the village of Toro","Tropical","None",18,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bee species richness, density, and diversity","Quantitative","Mixed","Local bee density and diversity were highest in openland, followed by agroforestry systems and were lowest in primary forests, revealing the importance of herbaceous food resources in the understorey. In contrast, highest regional bee richness was found in  agroforestry systems, because of high community dissimilarity. Multidimensional scaling supported these findings with openland habitats showing more compactly clustered bee species communities than agroforestry habitats. In conclusion, the herb associated bee community profited from the opening of the landscape as a result of agricultural activities, while agroforestry systems increased bee species richness especially on a regional scale due to high management diversity.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377710,"JLM","2018-05-31","Rahman S A, Farhana K M, Rahman A H. M. M, and Imtiaj A. (2007). An economic evaluation of the multistrata agroforestry system in Northern Bangladesh.. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science, 2(6), pp..","Journal article","Rahman, S. A., Farhana K. M., Rahman, A. H. M., M. Imtiaj, A.",2007,"An economic evaluation of the multistrata agroforestry system in Northern Bangladesh.","American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science",2,"University of Rajshahi","Bangladesh","None Stated","In this study, we evaluated the selected multistrata agroforestry model in Northern Bangladesh, comparing to traditional monoculture. Research data were collected by the means of Focus Group Discussion (FGD), household structured interviews and in-depth case study.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Capasia village of Paba Upazila under Rajshahi District in Northern Bangladesh","Tropical","None",60,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net present value ; internal rate of return ; benefit-cost ratio ; payback period. With and without the inclusion of family labor costs and with a sensitivity analysis performed","Quantitative","Positive","NPV, income, IRR, B/C were all higher in multi-strata agroforestry systems than in traditional monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377710,"JLM","2018-05-31","Rahman S A, Farhana K M, Rahman A H. M. M, and Imtiaj A. (2007). An economic evaluation of the multistrata agroforestry system in Northern Bangladesh.. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science, 2(6), pp..","Journal article","Rahman, S. A., Farhana K. M., Rahman, A. H. M., M. Imtiaj, A.",2007,"An economic evaluation of the multistrata agroforestry system in Northern Bangladesh.","American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science",2,"University of Rajshahi","Bangladesh","None Stated","In this study, we evaluated the selected multistrata agroforestry model in Northern Bangladesh, comparing to traditional monoculture. Research data were collected by the means of Focus Group Discussion (FGD), household structured interviews and in-depth case study.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Bangladesh","Capasia village of Paba Upazila under Rajshahi District in Northern Bangladesh","Tropical","None",60,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net present value ; internal rate of return ; benefit-cost ratio ; payback period. With and without the inclusion of family labor costs and with a sensitivity analysis performed","Quantitative","Positive","NPV, income, IRR, B/C were all higher in multi-strata agroforestry systems than in traditional monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374883,"DND","2018-05-22","Singh A K, and Bordoloi L J. (2011). Study on soil fertility variation as influenced by land use system and soil depth interaction in acid hill soils of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 59(2), pp.1-7.","Journal article","Singh A K, and Bordoloi L J",2011,"Study on soil fertility variation as influenced by land use system and soil depth interaction in acid hill soils of Nagaland","Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science",59,"Nagaland University","India","N/A","The present study was carried out to evaluate the soil fertility status under different land use systems prevalent in Nagaland.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Nagaland, villages of Medziphema, Shri Angami, Hekheshe, and Socunoma","Tropical","None",220,"Soil Samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH ; soil organic carbon ; soil available N, P2O5, K20 ; DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn","Quantitative","Mixed","Maximum soil pH was observed in kitchen-garden-based LUS followed by natural forest and mango-orchard, whereas, the minimum was in jhum (mixed). Kitchen-garden-based LUS maintained highest organic carbon (OC) followed by natural forest, while lowland paddy recorded the minimum value. The kitchengarden-based LUS also recorded the maximum content of available soil N followed by arecanut-plantation and pineapple-orchard, while the minimum content was observed in soils of mango-orchard. The available P was more in maize-based LUS followed by kitchen-garden and natural forest, whereas, the barren land recorded the least value. Barren land recorded the maximum K content followed by natural forest and jhum (mixed). The kitchen-garden and natural-forest-based LUS maintained a fairly higher level of major nutrients and organic carbon except K. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374883,"DND","2018-05-22","Singh A K, and Bordoloi L J. (2011). Study on soil fertility variation as influenced by land use system and soil depth interaction in acid hill soils of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 59(2), pp.1-7.","Journal article","Singh A K, and Bordoloi L J",2011,"Study on soil fertility variation as influenced by land use system and soil depth interaction in acid hill soils of Nagaland","Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science",59,"Nagaland University","India","N/A","The present study was carried out to evaluate the soil fertility status under different land use systems prevalent in Nagaland.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","Nagaland, villages of Medziphema, Shri Angami, Hekheshe, and Socunoma","Tropical","None",220,"Soil Samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH ; soil organic carbon ; soil available N, P2O5, K20 ; DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn","Quantitative","Mixed","Maximum soil pH was observed in kitchen-garden-based LUS followed by natural forest and mango-orchard, whereas, the minimum was in jhum (mixed). Kitchen-garden-based LUS maintained highest organic carbon (OC) followed by natural forest, while lowland paddy recorded the minimum value. The kitchengarden-based LUS also recorded the maximum content of available soil N followed by arecanut-plantation and pineapple-orchard, while the minimum content was observed in soils of mango-orchard. The available P was more in maize-based LUS followed by kitchen-garden and natural forest, whereas, the barren land recorded the least value. Barren land recorded the maximum K content followed by natural forest and jhum (mixed). The kitchen-garden and natural-forest-based LUS maintained a fairly higher level of major nutrients and organic carbon except K. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374883,"DND","2018-05-22","Singh A K, and Bordoloi L J. (2011). Study on soil fertility variation as influenced by land use system and soil depth interaction in acid hill soils of Nagaland. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 59(2), pp.1-7.","Journal article","Singh A K, and Bordoloi L J",2011,"Study on soil fertility variation as influenced by land use system and soil depth interaction in acid hill soils of Nagaland","Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science",59,"Nagaland University","India","N/A","The present study was carried out to evaluate the soil fertility status under different land use systems prevalent in Nagaland.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","Nagaland, villages of Medziphema, Shri Angami, Hekheshe, and Socunoma","Tropical","None",220,"Soil Samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH ; soil organic carbon ; soil available N, P2O5, K20 ; DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn","Quantitative","Mixed","Maximum soil pH was observed in kitchen-garden-based LUS followed by natural forest and mango-orchard, whereas, the minimum was in jhum (mixed). Kitchen-garden-based LUS maintained highest organic carbon (OC) followed by natural forest, while lowland paddy recorded the minimum value. The kitchengarden-based LUS also recorded the maximum content of available soil N followed by arecanut-plantation and pineapple-orchard, while the minimum content was observed in soils of mango-orchard. The available P was more in maize-based LUS followed by kitchen-garden and natural forest, whereas, the barren land recorded the least value. Barren land recorded the maximum K content followed by natural forest and jhum (mixed). The kitchen-garden and natural-forest-based LUS maintained a fairly higher level of major nutrients and organic carbon except K. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376791,"DND","2018-05-23","Singhvi N R, and Katiyar R L. (2009). Intercropping of mulberry with garlic, onion and carrot in Maharashtra. Plant Archives, 9(1), pp.265-266.","Journal article","Singhvi N R, and Katiyar R L",2009,"Intercropping of mulberry with garlic, onion and carrot in Maharashtra.","Plant Archives",9,"Regional Tasar Research Station","India","N/A","This study describes the performance of intercropping garlic, carrot and onion with mulberry as a main crop. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","India","Aurangabad district ","Tropical","None",3,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Total Income ","Quantitative","Positive","Results revealed that intercropping with garlic/onion/carrot in mulberry fields resulted in generation of additional income to farmers.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376791,"DND","2018-05-23","Singhvi N R, and Katiyar R L. (2009). Intercropping of mulberry with garlic, onion and carrot in Maharashtra. Plant Archives, 9(1), pp.265-266.","Journal article","Singhvi N R, and Katiyar R L",2009,"Intercropping of mulberry with garlic, onion and carrot in Maharashtra.","Plant Archives",9,"Regional Tasar Research Station","India","N/A","This study describes the performance of intercropping garlic, carrot and onion with mulberry as a main crop. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","India","Aurangabad district ","Tropical","None",3,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Cocoon yield ; Intercrop yield (garlic, onion, or carrot) ","Quantitative","Uncertain","Coocoon yield was unaffected by intercropping (indicating that leaf quality remained unaffected)","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937382,"DND","2018-05-24","Soler R, Pastur GM, Peri P, Lencinas MV, and Pulido F. (2013). Are silvopastoral systems compatible with forest regeneration? An integrative approach in southern Patagonia. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 87(6), pp.1213-1227.","Journal article","Soler R, Pastur GM, Peri P, Lencinas MV, and Pulido F",2013,"Are silvopastoral systems compatible with forest regeneration? An integrative approach in southern Patagonia","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",87,"Laboratorio de Recursos Forestales, CADIC-CONICET","Argentina","N/A","This study describes an integrative appraoch that analyzed the influence of silvopastoral management on the biotic and abiotic factors influencing the natural recruitment of native forests in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). ","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Argentina","Los Cerros Ranch, Tierra del Fuego","Temperate","None",12,"Study Stands","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Structural traits of stands (silvopastoral, secondary growth forest, primary forest)","Quantitative","Mixed","Silvopastoral practices affected negatively fruiting (pre-dispersal) and seedling (post-dispersal) survival, but the last stage of the reproductive cycle seems to be enhanced leading to similar regeneration values than primary forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374105,"AY","2018-06-01","Chebli Y, Mrabet R, and Chentouf M. 2012. \"Alley cropping as a durable alternative for pasture land development in the drought prone region of Eastern Morocco.\". Options Mediterraneennes. Serie A, and Seminaires Mediterraneens (102):.","Journal article","Chebli Y ; Mrabet R ; Chentouf M ; ",2012,"Alley cropping as a durable alternative for pasture land development in the drought prone region of Eastern Morocco.","Options Mediterraneennes. Serie A, Seminaires Mediterraneens",102,"INRA, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Tangier","Morocco","N/A","This paper attempts to assess the impact of using alley cropping as an agroforestry practice on productivity of fodder shrubs and barley crop.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Morocco","Eastern Morocco","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Barley grain yield; fuel wood production","Quantitative","Positive","With alley cropping we noticed an increase in barley grain yields, which reached 15 quintals per hectare against a production of 10.8 quintals per hectare in a control plot without Atriplex. This high production of barley would be linked to the positive effect of furrows that helped to retain water runoff and improve soil water status, in addition to effect of Atriplex shading that could limit evaporation from the soil and creates a microclimate favorable to the development of barley. With alley cropping; farmers can also benefit from barley grain and straw and green fodder from of Atriplex. In Tancherfi, Atriplex has allowed producing 3.200 kg / ha of wood, which allowed to reduce costs of firewood used mainly for cooking and heating in cold season. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374105,"AY","2018-06-01","Chebli Y, Mrabet R, and Chentouf M. 2012. \"Alley cropping as a durable alternative for pasture land development in the drought prone region of Eastern Morocco.\". Options Mediterraneennes. Serie A, and Seminaires Mediterraneens (102):.","Journal article","Chebli Y ; Mrabet R ; Chentouf M ; ",2012,"Alley cropping as a durable alternative for pasture land development in the drought prone region of Eastern Morocco.","Options Mediterraneennes. Serie A, Seminaires Mediterraneens",102,"INRA, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Tangier","Morocco","N/A","This paper attempts to assess the impact of using alley cropping as an agroforestry practice on productivity of fodder shrubs and barley crop.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Morocco","Eastern Morocco","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Feed cost; fuel wood production","Quantitative","Positive","In area of study, farmers have noticed that before alley cropping was applied, the cost of feeding was approximate 250 Dh/year/head. After alley cropping adoption, farmers have noticed a reduction in annual expenses by 50%. In the same areas, the feeding costs were reduced by 30% for those with small flocks, and by 70% for those with large flocks (ICARDA, 2005). With alley cropping; farmers can also benefit from barley grain and straw and green fodder from of Atriplex. In Tancherfi, Atriplex has allowed producing 3.200 kg / ha of wood, which allowed to reduce costs of firewood used mainly for cooking and heating in cold season. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374105,"AY","2018-06-01","Chebli Y, Mrabet R, and Chentouf M. 2012. \"Alley cropping as a durable alternative for pasture land development in the drought prone region of Eastern Morocco.\". Options Mediterraneennes. Serie A, and Seminaires Mediterraneens (102):.","Journal article","Chebli Y ; Mrabet R ; Chentouf M ; ",2012,"Alley cropping as a durable alternative for pasture land development in the drought prone region of Eastern Morocco.","Options Mediterraneennes. Serie A, Seminaires Mediterraneens",102,"INRA, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Tangier","Morocco","N/A","This paper attempts to assess the impact of using alley cropping as an agroforestry practice on productivity of fodder shrubs and barley crop.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Morocco","Eastern Morocco","Temperate","None",2,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Fuel wood production; biomass production of Atriplex nummularia","Quantitative","Positive","Higher biomass production of Atriplex nummularia with alley cropping than without alley cropping","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937697,"AY","2018-06-05","Cassano CR, Barlow J, and Pardini R. 2012. \"Large Mammals in an Agroforestry Mosaic in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest\". BIOTROPICA 44(6):818-825.","Journal article","Cassano CR ; Barlow J ; Pardini R ; ",2012,"Large Mammals in an Agroforestry Mosaic in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest","Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation",44,"Universidade de Sao Paulo","Brazil","European Union, Brazilian Ministry of the Environment, and Seeds of Change","The study used camera-traps and a paired design of cabrucas and forest remnants to sample large mammals across an agroforestry mosaic in southern Bahia.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Bahia","Tropical","None",18,"Sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Large mammal diversity (abundance, species richness, assemblage structure)","Quantitative","Positive"," Cacao agroforests in a mixed forest and agroforestry landscape were beneficial for large mammal conservation. This may be limited to cabrucas that are adjacent to forests, as some species may still depend on the regular forests.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936189,"AY","2018-06-05","Chandra A, Dargusch P, Mcnamara KE, Caspe AM, and Dalabajan D. 2017. \"A Study of Climate-Smart Farming Practices and Climate-resiliency Field Schools in Mindanao, the Philippines\". WORLD DEVELOPMENT 98:214-230.","Journal article","Chandra A ; Dargusch P ; Mcnamara KE ; Caspe AM ; Dalabajan D ; ",2017,"A Study of Climate-Smart Farming Practices and Climate-resiliency Field Schools in Mindanao, the Philippines","WORLD DEVELOPMENT",98,"University of Queensland","Australia","Oxfam Philippines and the University of Queensland","This paper explores how Climate-resiliency Field Schools involving smallholder farmers in the Mindanao region of the Philippines advance climate-smart farming practices.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Philippines","Mindanao","Tropical","None",5,"Municipalities","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Food production","Both","Positive","Agroforestry is discussed primarily as a part of the larger category of crop management, but agricultural productivity outcomes specific to agroforestry are never discussed.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936189,"AY","2018-06-05","Chandra A, Dargusch P, Mcnamara KE, Caspe AM, and Dalabajan D. 2017. \"A Study of Climate-Smart Farming Practices and Climate-resiliency Field Schools in Mindanao, the Philippines\". WORLD DEVELOPMENT 98:214-230.","Journal article","Chandra A ; Dargusch P ; Mcnamara KE ; Caspe AM ; Dalabajan D ; ",2017,"A Study of Climate-Smart Farming Practices and Climate-resiliency Field Schools in Mindanao, the Philippines","WORLD DEVELOPMENT",98,"University of Queensland","Australia","Oxfam Philippines and the University of Queensland","This paper explores how Climate-resiliency Field Schools involving smallholder farmers in the Mindanao region of the Philippines advance climate-smart farming practices.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Philippines","Mindanao","Tropical","None",5,"Municipalities","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Food production","Both","Positive","Agroforestry is discussed primarily as a part of the larger category of crop management, but agricultural productivity outcomes specific to agroforestry are never discussed.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937474,"AY","2018-06-13","Chandler RB, King DI, Raudales R, Trubey R, Chandler C, and Chavez VJA. 2013. \"A Small-Scale Land-Sparing Approach to Conserving Biological Diversity in Tropical Agricultural Landscapes\". CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 27(4):785-795.","Journal article","Chandler RB ; King DI ; Raudales R ; Trubey R ; Chandler C ; Chavez VJA ; ",2013,"A Small-Scale Land-Sparing Approach to Conserving Biological Diversity in Tropical Agricultural Landscapes","CONSERVATION BIOLOGY",27,"University of Massachusetts","USA","Migratory Bird Conservation Act and U.S. Forest Service's International Programs","This study compared bird communities in shade coffee, a widely practiced land-sharing system in which shade trees are maintained within the coffee plantation, with bird communities in a novel, small-scale, land-sparing coffee-production system (integrated open canopy or IOC coffee) in which farmers obtain higher yields under little or no shade while conserving an area of forest equal to the area under cultivation.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","Cordillera de Tilaran within the Rio Aranjuez watershed","Tropical","None",32,"Sites","None","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species abundance ; species richness and diversity ; species composition","Quantitative","Negative","Species richness and diversity of forest-dependent birds were higher in the IOC coffee farms than in the shade coffee farms, and community composition was more similar between IOC coffee and primary forest than between shade coffee and primary forest. Generally, forest-dependent species were most abundant in primary forest, followed by secondary forest, then IOC coffee (land-sparing production system). Forest-dependent species were least abundant in shade coffee. For all species pooled, richness was 14.1% higher in integrated open canopy coffee than in shade coffee. Overall richness was 27.0% higher in integrated open canopy coffee than in secondary forest and 54.3% higher than in primary forest. Species diversity was highest in secondary forest and did not differ between IOC coffee and shade coffee. More forest-dependent species occurred in IOC coffee than in shade coffee. Specifically, 82% more forest-dependent species were found in IOC coffee than in shade coffee, and species diversity was 2.1 times higher in IOC coffee than in shade coffee. There was no significant difference in richness of forest-dependent species between IOC coffee and secondary forest; however, diversity was higher in secondary forest than in IOC coffee. Both richness and diversity of forest-dependent species were significantly higher in primary forest than in shade coffee or secondary forest. Diversity was also higher in primary forest than IOC coffee, but species richness did not differ.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[2216,"PO","June 4 2018","Perry, J., Lojka, B., Quinones Ruiz, L., Van Damme, P., Houška, J., & Fernandez Cusimamani, E. (2016). How natural Forest Conversion Affects Insect Biodiversity in the Peruvian Amazon: Can Agroforestry Help? Forests, 7(12), 82. http://doi.org/10.3390/f7040082","Journal article","Perry, J., Lojka, B., Quinones Ruiz, L., Van Damme, P., Houška, J., & Fernandez Cusimamani, E.",2016,"How natural Forest Conversion Affects Insect Biodiversity in the Peruvian Amazon: Can Agroforestry Help?","Forests",7,"Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences ","Czech Republic","N/A","Study looks at the effect of land use (inc. Agroforestry) on ant diversity","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Peru","Several villages in close proximity to Pucallpa city","Tropical","None",12,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Diversity  index: Shannon-Weiner (H base e logs)","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[2216,"PO","June 4 2018","Perry, J., Lojka, B., Quinones Ruiz, L., Van Damme, P., Houška, J., & Fernandez Cusimamani, E. (2016). How natural Forest Conversion Affects Insect Biodiversity in the Peruvian Amazon: Can Agroforestry Help? Forests, 7(12), 82. http://doi.org/10.3390/f7040082","Journal article","Perry, J., Lojka, B., Quinones Ruiz, L., Van Damme, P., Houška, J., & Fernandez Cusimamani, E.",2016,"How natural Forest Conversion Affects Insect Biodiversity in the Peruvian Amazon: Can Agroforestry Help?","Forests",7,"Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences ","Czech Republic","N/A","Study looks at the effect of land use (inc. Agroforestry) on ant diversity","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Peru","Several villages in close proximity to Pucallpa city","Tropical","None",12,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A"," Diversity index: Simpson (1-D) ","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[2400,"PO","June 5 2018","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R. (2011). Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil. Agroforestry Systems, 81(3), 235–247. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9336-5","Journal article","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R.",2011,"Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil","Agroforestry Systems",81,"INPA—Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia","Brazil","N/A","The study looks at the the effect of homegardens on soil fertility, when compared to savannas and forests soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Roraima, Brazil","Tropical","None",15,"plots","N/A","Multiple","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Phosphorus","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[2400,"PO","June 5 2018","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R. (2011). Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil. Agroforestry Systems, 81(3), 235–247. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9336-5","Journal article","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R.",2011,"Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil","Agroforestry Systems",81,"INPA—Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia","Brazil","N/A","The study looks at the the effect of homegardens on soil fertility, when compared to savannas and forests soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Roraima, Brazil","Tropical","None",15,"plots","N/A","Multiple","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Potassium","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[2400,"PO","June 5 2018","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R. (2011). Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil. Agroforestry Systems, 81(3), 235–247. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9336-5","Journal article","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R.",2011,"Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil","Agroforestry Systems",81,"INPA—Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia","Brazil","N/A","The study looks at the the effect of homegardens on soil fertility, when compared to savannas and forests soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Roraima, Brazil","Tropical","None",15,"plots","N/A","Multiple","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Calcium","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[2400,"PO","June 5 2018","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R. (2011). Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil. Agroforestry Systems, 81(3), 235–247. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9336-5","Journal article","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R.",2011,"Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil","Agroforestry Systems",81,"INPA—Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia","Brazil","N/A","The study looks at the the effect of homegardens on soil fertility, when compared to savannas and forests soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Roraima, Brazil","Tropical","None",15,"plots","N/A","Multiple","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Magnesium","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[2400,"PO","June 5 2018","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R. (2011). Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil. Agroforestry Systems, 81(3), 235–247. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9336-5","Journal article","Pinho, R. C., Alfaia, S. S., Miller, R. P., Uguen, K., Magalhães, L. D., Ayres, M., … Trancoso, R.",2011,"Islands of fertility: Soil improvement under indigenous homegardens in the savannas of Roraima, Brazil","Agroforestry Systems",81,"INPA—Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia","Brazil","N/A","The study looks at the the effect of homegardens on soil fertility, when compared to savannas and forests soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Roraima, Brazil","Tropical","None",15,"plots","N/A","Multiple","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","pH ","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[3782,"PO","June 6 2018","Fasse, A. & Grote, U., 2012. \"Sufficiency and Sustainability of Agroforestry: What Matters: Today or Tomorrow?,\" 2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 126666, International Association of Agricultural Economists. ","Conference proceeding","Fasse, A. & Grote, U.",2012,"ufficiency and Sustainability of Agroforestry: What Matters: Today or Tomorrow?","2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 126666, International Association of Agricultural Economists.","N/A"," Institute for Environmental Economics and World Tra\nde,  \nLeibniz University Hannover","Germany","N/A","This  paper\ninvestigates  the  determinats  and  impact  of  agroforestry  for smallholders  in \nrural Tanzania","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","United Republic of Tanzania","Uluguru Nature Reserve","Tropical","None",314,"households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Per capita income per day","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[3852,"PO","June 7 2018","Tsunehiro Otsuki, 2010. \"Estimating Agroforestry's Effect on Productivity in Kenya: An Application of a Treatment Effects Model,\" OSIPP Discussion Paper 10E001, Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University. ","Journal article","Otsuki, T",2010,"Estimating Agroforestry's Effect on Productivity in Kenya: An Application of a Treatment Effects Model","Discussion paper series, Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University. ","N/A","Osaka School of International Public Policy","Japan","Japan Society for the \nPromotion of Science","The study looks at the effect of agroforestry on total factor productivity of farms","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Kenya","Suba  and  Laikipia  Districts,  Keny\na","Tropical","None",245,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Total factor productivity","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371155,"PO","June 7 2018","Novais, S.M.A., Macedo-Reis, L.E. & Neves, F.S. Predatory beetles in cacao agroforestry systems in Brazilian Atlantic forest: a test of the natural enemy hypothesis. Agroforest Syst (2017) 91: 201. https://doi-org.proxy2.library.illinois.edu/10.1007/s10457-016-9917-z","Journal article","Novais, S.M.A., Macedo-Reis, L.E. & Neves, F.S. ",2017,"Predatory beetles in cacao agroforestry systems in Brazilian Atlantic forest: a test of the natural enemy hypothesis","Agroforestry Systems",91,"Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil","Brazil","Coordination of\nImprovement of Higher Education Personnel","Looks at the effect of different land uses on beetle diversity","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Southeastern Bahia, Brazil,  municipal-\nity of Una","Sub-tropical","None",54,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Beetle abundance","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374990,"PO","June 10 2018","Ogunkunle C O, and Awotoye O O. (2011). Soil fertility status under different tree cropping system in a Southwestern zone of Nigeria.. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(2), pp..","Journal article","Ogunkunle, C., Awotoye, O.",2011,"Soil Fertility Status under Different Tree Cropping System \nin a Southwestern Zone of Nigeria","Notulae Scientia Biologicae",3,"University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Department of Plant Biolog y, Ilorin, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","The effect of different land uses, including cocoa agroforestry system, on soil fertility and wood production","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bulk density","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374990,"PO","June 10 2018","Ogunkunle C O, and Awotoye O O. (2011). Soil fertility status under different tree cropping system in a Southwestern zone of Nigeria.. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(2), pp..","Journal article","Ogunkunle, C., Awotoye, O.",2011,"Soil Fertility Status under Different Tree Cropping System \nin a Southwestern Zone of Nigeria","Notulae Scientia Biologicae",3,"University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Department of Plant Biolog y, Ilorin, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","The effect of different land uses, including cocoa agroforestry system, on soil fertility and wood production","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Moisture content","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374990,"PO","June 10 2018","Ogunkunle C O, and Awotoye O O. (2011). Soil fertility status under different tree cropping system in a Southwestern zone of Nigeria.. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(2), pp..","Journal article","Ogunkunle, C., Awotoye, O.",2011,"Soil Fertility Status under Different Tree Cropping System \nin a Southwestern Zone of Nigeria","Notulae Scientia Biologicae",3,"University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Department of Plant Biolog y, Ilorin, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","The effect of different land uses, including cocoa agroforestry system, on soil fertility and wood production","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","pH","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374990,"PO","June 10 2018","Ogunkunle C O, and Awotoye O O. (2011). Soil fertility status under different tree cropping system in a Southwestern zone of Nigeria.. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(2), pp..","Journal article","Ogunkunle, C., Awotoye, O.",2011,"Soil Fertility Status under Different Tree Cropping System \nin a Southwestern Zone of Nigeria","Notulae Scientia Biologicae",3,"University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Department of Plant Biolog y, Ilorin, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","The effect of different land uses, including cocoa agroforestry system, on soil fertility and wood production","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic matter","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374990,"PO","June 10 2018","Ogunkunle C O, and Awotoye O O. (2011). Soil fertility status under different tree cropping system in a Southwestern zone of Nigeria.. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(2), pp..","Journal article","Ogunkunle, C., Awotoye, O.",2011,"Soil Fertility Status under Different Tree Cropping System \nin a Southwestern Zone of Nigeria","Notulae Scientia Biologicae",3,"University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Department of Plant Biolog y, Ilorin, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","The effect of different land uses, including cocoa agroforestry system, on soil fertility and wood production","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Available phosphorus","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374990,"PO","June 10 2018","Ogunkunle C O, and Awotoye O O. (2011). Soil fertility status under different tree cropping system in a Southwestern zone of Nigeria.. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(2), pp..","Journal article","Ogunkunle, C., Awotoye, O.",2011,"Soil Fertility Status under Different Tree Cropping System \nin a Southwestern Zone of Nigeria","Notulae Scientia Biologicae",3,"University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Department of Plant Biolog y, Ilorin, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","The effect of different land uses, including cocoa agroforestry system, on soil fertility and wood production","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Nitrate-Nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371352,"PO","June 11 2018","Clough, Y. et al. Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes. Nat. Commun. 7, 13137 doi: 10.1038/ncomms13137 (2016).","Journal article","Clough, Y. et al. ",2016,"Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes","Nature Communications",7,"Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Sweden","Sweden","N/A","The effectos of land use on farm profitability and biodiveristy","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Province of Janvi, Sumatra","Tropical","None",464,"Household farms","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Labour productivity","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371352,"PO","June 11 2018","Clough, Y. et al. Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes. Nat. Commun. 7, 13137 doi: 10.1038/ncomms13137 (2016).","Journal article","Clough, Y. et al. ",2016,"Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes","Nature Communications",7,"Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Sweden","Sweden","N/A","The effectos of land use on farm profitability and biodiveristy","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Province of Janvi, Sumatra","Tropical","None",464,"Household farms","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","species richness","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371352,"PO","June 11 2018","Clough, Y. et al. Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes. Nat. Commun. 7, 13137 doi: 10.1038/ncomms13137 (2016).","Journal article","Clough, Y. et al. ",2016,"Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes","Nature Communications",7,"Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Sweden","Sweden","N/A","The effectos of land use on farm profitability and biodiveristy","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Province of Janvi, Sumatra","Tropical","None",464,"Household farms","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil microbial\nbiomass","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371781,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Kim, DG., Terefe, B., Girma, S. et al. Conversion of home garden agroforestry to crop fields reduced soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in Southern Ethiopia. Agroforest Syst (2016) 90: 251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9851-5","Journal article","Kim DongGill, Berhanu Terefe, Shimelis Girma, Haji Kedir, Nebi Morkie, Woldie T M, ",2016,"Conversion of home garden agroforestry to crop fields reduced soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in Southern Ethiopia","Agroforestry Systems",90,"Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesHawassa UniversityShashemeneEthiopia","Ethiopia","Research  and\nDevelopment Office, Wondo Genet College of Forestry and\nNatural Resources, Hawassa University and International\nAtomic Energy Agency (IAEA)","Looks at the effect of converting home gardens into monocrops on soil charactersitics","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ethiopia","Wondo Genet in Southern\nEthiopia ","Tropical","None",14,"Plots","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Organic Carbon, Soil Total Nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371781,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Kim, DG., Terefe, B., Girma, S. et al. Conversion of home garden agroforestry to crop fields reduced soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in Southern Ethiopia. Agroforest Syst (2016) 90: 251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9851-5","Journal article","Kim DongGill, Berhanu Terefe, Shimelis Girma, Haji Kedir, Nebi Morkie, Woldie T M, ",2016,"Conversion of home garden agroforestry to crop fields reduced soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in Southern Ethiopia","Agroforestry Systems",90,"Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesHawassa UniversityShashemeneEthiopia","Ethiopia","Research  and Development Office, Wondo Genet College of Forestry and\nNatural Resources, Hawassa University and International\nAtomic Energy Agency (IAEA)","Looks at the effect of converting home gardens into monocrops on soil charactersitics","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ethiopia","Wondo Genet in Southern\nEthiopia ","Tropical","None",14,"Plots","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH, soil texture","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32378134,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Lasco R D, Cardinoza M M. Baseline carbon stocks assessment and projection of future carbon benefits of a Carbon Sequestration project in East Timor. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change (2007). 12","Journal article","Lasco R D, Cardinoza M M, ",2007,"Baseline carbon stocks assessment and projection of future carbon benefits of a Carbon Sequestration project in East Timor","Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change",12,"World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Philippines","Philippines"," Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)","The study looks  at the effects of AF on soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Timor-Leste","N/A","Tropical","None",57,"Plots","No","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Organic Carbon","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371409,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Leite M F. A, Luz R L, Muchavisoy K H. M, Zelarayan M L. C, Cardoso E G, Moraes F H. R, Rousseau G X, Gehring C., . Agroforest Syst (2016) 90: 1009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9880-0","Journal article","Leite M F. A, Luz R L, Muchavisoy K H. M, Zelarayan M L. C, Cardoso E G, Moraes F H. R, Rousseau G X, Gehring C, ",2016,"The effect of land use on aboveground biomass and soil quality indicators in spontaneous forests and agroforests of eastern Amazonia","Agroforestry Systems",90,"Agroecology Program of Maranhão State University – UEMASão LuísBrazil","Brazil","Research Fund  of  Maranha o  State  (FAPEMA)  and  by  the  Brazilian Council  of  Higher  Education  (CAPES)","The study at the effects of different AF practices on soil","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Brazil","Eastern Amazonia","Tropical","None",36,"Plots","No","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shrub biomass, organic matter, Ca, K","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371409,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Leite M F. A, Luz R L, Muchavisoy K H. M, Zelarayan M L. C, Cardoso E G, Moraes F H. R, Rousseau G X, Gehring C., . Agroforest Syst (2016) 90: 1009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9880-0","Journal article","Leite M F. A, Luz R L, Muchavisoy K H. M, Zelarayan M L. C, Cardoso E G, Moraes F H. R, Rousseau G X, Gehring C, ",2016,"The effect of land use on aboveground biomass and soil quality indicators in spontaneous forests and agroforests of eastern Amazonia","Agroforestry Systems",90,"Agroecology Program of Maranhão State University – UEMASão LuísBrazil","Brazil","Research Fund  of  Maranha o  State  (FAPEMA)  and  by  the  Brazilian Council  of  Higher  Education  (CAPES)","The study at the effects of different AF practices on soil","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Eastern Amazonia","Tropical","None",36,"Plots","No","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shrub biomass, organic matter, Ca, K","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32371351,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Loria N, Bhardwaj S K, Ndungu C K. Impact of cropping systems on soil properties, nutrient availability and their carbon sequestration potential in Shiwalik hills of Himachal Pradesh. Journal of Applied and Natural Science (2016). 8(3)","Journal article","Loria N, Bhardwaj S K, Ndungu C K, ",2016,"Impact of cropping systems on soil properties, nutrient availability and their carbon sequestration potential in Shiwalik hills of Himachal Pradesh.","Journal of Applied and Natural Science",8,"Department  of  Environmental  Science,  Dr.  Y.  S.  Parm\nar  University  of  Horticulture  and  Forestry,  Nauni, \nSolan  – \n173230 (Himachal Pradesh), INDIA ","India"," Department  of \nSci-\nence  and  Technology,  Ministry  of  Science  and  Techno\nl-\nogy,  India ","The study looks  at the effects of AF on soil","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Himachal Pradesh","Temperate","None",30,"Plots","No","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Organic Carbon, pH, NPK","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31939072,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Lozada, T., Koning GHJ , Marche R , Klein AM , Tscharntke T. Tree recovery and seed dispersal by birds: Comparing forest, agroforestry and abandoned agroforestry in coastal Ecuador. PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS (2007). 8(3)","Journal article","Koning GHJ, Marche R, Klein AM, Tscharntke T.",2007,"Tree recovery and seed dispersal by birds: Comparing forest, agroforestry and abandoned agroforestry in coastal Ecuador","PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS",8,"Agroecology, Georg-August-University Go\n ?tt\ningen","Germany","Federal Ministry of Education\nand Research (BMBF), Germany","Examines vegetation characteristics between patches of intervened forest,\nabandoned agroforestry systems with coffee and actively managed agroforestry systems with coffee in a tropical\nlandscape","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ecuador","Manabí\nProvince, western Ecuado","Tropical","None",18,"Plots","No","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree abundance, bird species richness ","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32372437,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Moussa B M, Diouf A , Abdourahamane S I, Jangorzo N S, Mahamane A , Axelsen J A, Ambouta J M. K. Soil physicochemical characteristics under different ecosystems in western Niger. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences (2015). 4(49","Journal article","Moussa B M, Diouf A, Abdourahamane S I, Jangorzo N S, Mahamane A, Axelsen J A, Ambouta J M. K. ",2015,"Soil physicochemical characteristics under different ecosystems in western Niger.","International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences",4,"Laboratoire GarbaMounkaila, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, \nUniversité Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niger","Niger","European Commission, Directorate General for Research and Innovation, Environment Programme","This   study   aimed   at  identifying   the   different \nsoil   groups   of   both    ecosystems   of   western \nNigerand  their physicochemical \ncharacteristics \nin \nother \nto \nassess \ntheir \nfertility constraints. ","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Niger","Simiri and Tamu","Tropical","None",70,"Plots","No","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, K, pH","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31937384,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Muhamad D , Okubo S , Miyashita T , Parikesit  , Takeuchi K. Effects of habitat type, vegetation structure, and proximity to forests on bird species richness in a forest-agricultural landscape of West Java, Indonesia (2013). 87(6)","Journal article","Muhamad D, Okubo S, Miyashita T, Parikesit , Takeuchi K, ",2013,"Effects of habitat type, vegetation structure, and proximity to forests on bird species richness in a forest-agricultural landscape of West Java, Indonesia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"Department of Ecosystem Studies, Graduate School\nof Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University\nof Tokyo","Japan","Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and by the\nEnvironment  Research  and  Technology  Development  Fund\n(S-9-1) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan","Looks at the effect from different land uses on bird species richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","West Java","Tropical","None",72,"Plots","No","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird species richness, Simpson's diversity index","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938758,"PO","Jun-16-2018","Muhammed N , Koike M , Haque F , Miah MD. Quantitative assessment of people-oriented forestry in Bangladesh: A case study in the Tangail forest division. Journal of Environmental Management (2008). 88(1)","Journal article","Muhammed N, Koike M, Haque F, Miah MD",2008,"Quantitative assessment of people-oriented forestry in Bangladesh: A case study in the Tangail forest division","Journal of Environmental Management",88,"Shinshu University","Japan"," Ministry\nof Science and Education, Japan","Looks at an intervention that gave farmers land and technical assistance for establishing agroforestry plots","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Tangail Forest Division ","Tropical","None",52,"Farmers","No","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net income","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31936345,"PO","Jun-17-2018","Mukul SA , Saha N. Conservation Benefits of Tropical Multifunctional Land-Uses in and Around a Forest Protected Area of Bangladesh. Land  (2017), 6(1)","Journal article","Mukul SA, Saha N. ",2017,"Conservation Benefits of Tropical Multifunctional Land-Uses in and Around a Forest Protected Area of Bangladesh","Land",6,"Tropical Forestry Group, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland,\nBrisbane","Australia","British Ecological Society\n(SEPG, UEPS Field Experience Grant 7210 600),  British Ornithologist’s Union (2009) and the Rufford Grant\nfor Nature Conservation (RSG project 69.01.09","The effect of AF on vegetation, bird and mammals diversity","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Lawachara National Park","Tropical","None",500,"Plots","No","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shannon-Wiener index, Jaccard similarity matrix","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32376402,"PO","Jun-17-2018","Muriel S B, Kattan G H. Effects of patch size and type of coffee matrix on ithomiine butterfly diversity and dispersal in cloud-forest fragments. Conservation Biology (2008), 23(4)","Journal article","Muriel S B, Kattan G H, ",2008,"Effects of patch size and type of coffee matrix on ithomiine butterfly diversity and dispersal in cloud-forest fragments.","Conservation Biology",23,"Departamento de Biolog\n ?\n?a, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia","Colombia","Wildlife Conservation Soci-\nety, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation,\nand the International Foundation for Science","The effect of coffee AF on butterflies diversity","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Colombia","Department of Antioquia","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Age structure of butterflies, Number of butterflies","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31936337,"PO","Jun-17-2018","Negasa T ; Ketema H ; Legesse A ; Sisay M ; Temesgen H. Variation in soil properties under different land use types managed by smallholder farmers along the toposequence in southern Ethiopia. GEODERMA (2017), 290 ","Journal article","Negasa T ; Ketema H ; Legesse A ; Sisay M ; Temesgen H ; ",2017,"Variation in soil properties under different land use types managed by smallholder farmers along the toposequence in southern Ethiopia","GEODERMA",290,"Dilla University, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Natural Resource Management, Ethiopia","Ethiopia","Dilla University","The effect of AF on soil physical and chemical properties","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Wonago Woreda, Gedeo Zone, Deko\nwatershed","Tropical","None",108,"Plots","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil textural fractions of sand, silt and clay,  mean soil bulk density (g/cm3), Soil reaction (pH-H\n2\nO, 1:2.5) and electrical conductivity (EC, ds1),  Soil organic carbon (SOC, %) and total nitrogen (TN, %)","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938031,"Pablo","Jun-21-2018","Haglund E, Ndjeunga J, Snook L, and Pasternak D. (2011). Dry land tree management for improved household livelihoods: Farmer managed natural regeneration in Niger. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 92(7), pp.1696-1705.","Journal article","Haglund E.,  Ndjeunga J, Snook L, Pasternak D.",2011,"Dry land tree management for improved household livelihoods: Farmer managed natural regeneration in Niger","Journal of Environmental Management",92,"Mickey Leland International Hunger Fellow of the Congressional Hunger Center","United States","NA","The study looks at the adoption of farmer managed natural regeneration and its effects","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Niger","Maradi, south central Niger","Sub-tropical","Propensity score matching",410,"Households","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","NA","Per capita income","Quantitative","Positive","NA","No","No","No","No"]
[31938031,"Pablo","Jun-21-2018","Haglund E, Ndjeunga J, Snook L, and Pasternak D. (2011). Dry land tree management for improved household livelihoods: Farmer managed natural regeneration in Niger. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 92(7), pp.1696-1705.","Journal article","Haglund E.,  Ndjeunga J, Snook L, Pasternak D.",2011,"Dry land tree management for improved household livelihoods: Farmer managed natural regeneration in Niger","Journal of Environmental Management",92,"Mickey Leland International Hunger Fellow of the Congressional Hunger Center","United States","NA","The study looks at the adoption of farmer managed natural regeneration and its effects","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Niger","Maradi, south central Niger","Sub-tropical","Propensity score matching",410,"Households","No","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","NA","grains per capita, food shortage, crop diversity","Both","Mixed","Increases cerel per cap and crop diversoty but reduces but also inceases months of food shortage","No","No","No","No"]
[32375629,"RL","2018-02-09","Oliveira, J.S.R., Kato, O.R., Oliveira, T.F. et al. Evaluation of sustainability in Eastern Amazon under proambiente program. Agroforest Syst (2010) 78: 185.","Journal article","Oliveira, J.S.R., Kato, O.R., Oliveira, T.F. et al. ",2010,"Evaluation of sustainability in Eastern Amazon under proambiente program","Agroforestry Systems",78,"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecua´ria","Brazil","N/A","This study evaluates the sustainability of the innovative practices of smallholders who have changed their Family Production Units (FPU) by increasing small farms and backyards to Agroforest Systems (AFSs). Smallholders' perception and specialized literature is used to evaluate the sustainability of these practices.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Irituia,\nSa˜o Domingos do Capim, Ma˜e do Rio, and Conco´rdia\ndo Para","Tropical","None",18,"Smallholder farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Yield","Quantitative","Positive","Sustainable systems exhibited higher yield than traditional systems.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375629,"RL","2018-02-09","Oliveira, J.S.R., Kato, O.R., Oliveira, T.F. et al. Evaluation of sustainability in Eastern Amazon under proambiente program. Agroforest Syst (2010) 78: 185.","Journal article","Oliveira, J.S.R., Kato, O.R., Oliveira, T.F. et al. ",2010,"Evaluation of sustainability in Eastern Amazon under proambiente program","Agroforestry Systems",78,"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecua´ria","Brazil","N/A","This study evaluates the sustainability of the innovative practices of smallholders who have changed their Family Production Units (FPU) by increasing small farms and backyards to Agroforest Systems (AFSs). Smallholders' perception and specialized literature is used to evaluate the sustainability of these practices.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Irituia,\nSa˜o Domingos do Capim, Ma˜e do Rio, and Conco´rdia\ndo Para","Tropical","None",18,"Smallholder farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net returns","Quantitative","Positive","Sustainable systems on average were more profitable than traditional systems.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936664,"RL","2018-02-09","Ortiz-Rodriguez, O.O., Villamizar-Gallardo, R.A., Naranjo-Merino, C.A., Garcia-Caceres, R.G., Castaneda-galvis, M.T. (2016). Caron footprint of the colombian cocoa production. Engenharia Agricola, 36(2). ","Journal article","Ortiz-Rodriguez, O.O., Villamizar-Gallardo, R.A., Naranjo-Merino, C.A., Garcia-Caceres, R.G., Castaneda-galvis, M.T.",2016,"Carbon footprint of the colombian cocoa production","Engenharia Agricola",36,"Universidad de Pamplona","Colombia","Administrative Department of Science, Management, and Innovation – COLCIENCIAS –, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and World Bank (WB) BIRF","This paper evaluates the carbon footprint (CF) per kilogram of Colombian cocoa bean produced under conventional and agroforestry managements, following the methods proposed by PAS 2050.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Colombia","Santander, Antioquia, Arauca, Huila in North of Santander","Tropical","None",60,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Estimation of emissions (nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, methane) during cocoa bean lifetime","Quantitative","Negative","Conventional agriculture resulted in less emissions.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243851,"RL","2018-02-22","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G. (2001). Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands. Agricultural Systems 67(2001), 49-69.","Journal article","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G.",2001,"Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands","Agricultural Systems",67,"Department of Crop Science, University of Georgia","United States","US AID","To evaluate the biophysical and financial tradeoffs of timber intercropping, an experiment was established in Lantapan, Mindanao to compare vegetable and maize growth under Paraserianthes falcataria with sole-cropped growth of each of the components. These data were used to estimate a bioeconomic model to explore the appeal of timber intercropping under land, labor, capital, and fertility constraints, and evaluate alternative planting densities and length of intercropping.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Philippines","Footslopes of Mt. Kitanglad in Lantapan, Bukidnon Province","Tropical","None",4,"Plots","Fertilization of intercropped trees","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Diameter of trees at breast height, tree height","Quantitative","Positive","Intercropped trees were wider and taller than sole trees.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243851,"RL","2018-02-22","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G. (2001). Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands. Agricultural Systems 67(2001), 49-69.","Journal article","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G.",2001,"Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands","Agricultural Systems",67,"Department of Crop Science, University of Georgia","United States","US AID","To evaluate the biophysical and financial tradeoffs of timber intercropping, an experiment was established in Lantapan, Mindanao to compare vegetable and maize growth under Paraserianthes falcataria with sole-cropped growth of each of the components. These data were used to estimate a bioeconomic model to explore the appeal of timber intercropping under land, labor, capital, and fertility constraints, and evaluate alternative planting densities and length of intercropping.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Philippines","Footslopes of Mt. Kitanglad in Lantapan, Bukidnon Province","Tropical","None",4,"Plots","Fertilization of intercropped trees","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Labor and input costs for tree growth and maintenance","Quantitative","Negative","Intercropping reduced total costs of P. falcataria relative to sole cropping","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243851,"RL","2018-02-22","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G. (2001). Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands. Agricultural Systems 67(2001), 49-69.","Journal article","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G.",2001,"Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands","Agricultural Systems",67,"Department of Crop Science, University of Georgia","United States","US AID","To evaluate the biophysical and financial tradeoffs of timber intercropping, an experiment was established in Lantapan, Mindanao to compare vegetable and maize growth under Paraserianthes falcataria with sole-cropped growth of each of the components. These data were used to estimate a bioeconomic model to explore the appeal of timber intercropping under land, labor, capital, and fertility constraints, and evaluate alternative planting densities and length of intercropping.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Philippines","Footslopes of Mt. Kitanglad in Lantapan, Bukidnon Province","Tropical","None",4,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Total crop yield","Quantitative","Negative","Intercropped crops averaged less than yield sole-crop control. ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243851,"RL","2018-02-22","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G. (2001). Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands. Agricultural Systems 67(2001), 49-69.","Journal article","Nissen, T.M., Midmore, D.J., Keeler, A.G.",2001,"Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands","Agricultural Systems",67,"Department of Crop Science, University of Georgia","United States","US AID","To evaluate the biophysical and financial tradeoffs of timber intercropping, an experiment was established in Lantapan, Mindanao to compare vegetable and maize growth under Paraserianthes falcataria with sole-cropped growth of each of the components. These data were used to estimate a bioeconomic model to explore the appeal of timber intercropping under land, labor, capital, and fertility constraints, and evaluate alternative planting densities and length of intercropping.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Philippines","Footslopes of Mt. Kitanglad in Lantapan, Bukidnon Province","Tropical","None",4,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Overall profitability:Labor and input costs for crop growth and maintenance, relative to return on yield","Quantitative","Negative","Intercropped crops were less profitable than the sole-crop control.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938115,"RL","2018-03-29","Pauli N, Barrios E, Conacher AJ, and Oberthur T. (2011). Soil macrofauna in agricultural landscapes dominated by the Quesungual Slash-and-Mulch Agroforestry System, western Honduras. APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY, 47(2), pp.119-132.","Journal article","Pauli N, Barrios E, Conacher AJ, and Oberthur T. ",2011,"Soil macrofauna in agricultural landscapes dominated by Quesungual Slash-and-Mulch Agroforestry System, western Honduras","Applied Soil Ecology",47,"School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia","Australia","Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), the School of Earth and Environment at the University of Western Australia, and an Australian Postgraduate Award to the first author ","This study sampled soil macrofauna communities across 4 major land uses: agroforestry plots of less than 2 years of age, agroforestry plots of more than 10 years of age, secondary forest, and silvipastoral fields","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Honduras","Southern region of Lempira Department in southwestern Honduras","Sub-tropical","None",12,"Fields","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil macrofauna, vegetation density and diversity, soil properties","Quantitative","Positive","The agroforestry land had relatively higher taxonomic richness, evenness, and biomass, as well as higher levels of organic carbon, relative to the secondary foresty.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938115,"RL","2018-03-29","Pauli N, Barrios E, Conacher AJ, and Oberthur T. (2011). Soil macrofauna in agricultural landscapes dominated by the Quesungual Slash-and-Mulch Agroforestry System, western Honduras. APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY, 47(2), pp.119-132.","Journal article","Pauli N, Barrios E, Conacher AJ, and Oberthur T. ",2011,"Soil macrofauna in agricultural landscapes dominated by Quesungual Slash-and-Mulch Agroforestry System, western Honduras","Applied Soil Ecology",47,"School of Earth and Environment, University of Western Australia","Australia","Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), the School of Earth and Environment at the University of Western Australia, and an Australian Postgraduate Award to the first author ","This study sampled soil macrofauna communities across 4 major land uses: agroforestry plots of less than 2 years of age, agroforestry plots of more than 10 years of age, secondary forest, and silvipastoral fields","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Honduras","Southern region of Lempira Department in southwestern Honduras","Sub-tropical","None",12,"Fields","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil macrofauna, vegetation density and diversity, soil properties","Quantitative","Mixed","The silvipastoral sites had greater macrofauna density, but lower organic carbon relative to the secondary forest sites.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377196,"RL","2018-03-29","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. (2008). Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.. IFPRI - Discussion Papers, (769).","Organization report","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. ",2008,"Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.","Not Applicable","Not Applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","International Food Policy Research Institutde","This paper investigates the impacts of a social forestry program in Indonesia, Hutan Kamasyarakatan (HKm) based on analysis of survey of 640 HKm and comparable non-HKm plots.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Sumberjaya watershed of southern Sumatra","Tropical","Propensity score matching",640,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Land value - econometric analysis","Quantitative","Neutral","There was no significant difference in the land value of those participating in the agroforestry program and those not.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377196,"RL","2018-03-29","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. (2008). Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.. IFPRI - Discussion Papers, (769).","Organization report","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. ",2008,"Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.","Not Applicable","Not Applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","International Food Policy Research Institutde","This paper investigates the impacts of a social forestry program in Indonesia, Hutan Kamasyarakatan (HKm) based on analysis of survey of 640 HKm and comparable non-HKm plots.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Sumberjaya watershed of southern Sumatra","Tropical","Propensity score matching",640,"Households","Farmers' access to physical, human, and natural capital; participation in coproducers' organizations;  participation in labor-sharing groups; and access to formal credit and technical assistance","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Profit per hectare","Quantitative","Neutral","Participation in the agroforestry program had no significant impact on profit per hectare.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377196,"RL","2018-03-29","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. (2008). Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.. IFPRI - Discussion Papers, (769).","Organization report","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. ",2008,"Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.","Not Applicable","Not Applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","International Food Policy Research Institutde","This paper investigates the impacts of a social forestry program in Indonesia, Hutan Kamasyarakatan (HKm) based on analysis of survey of 640 HKm and comparable non-HKm plots.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Sumberjaya watershed of southern Sumatra","Tropical","Instrumental variables",640,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Land value - econometric analysis","Quantitative","Neutral","There was no significant difference in the land value of those participating in the agroforestry program and those not.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377196,"RL","2018-03-29","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. (2008). Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.. IFPRI - Discussion Papers, (769).","Organization report","Pender J, Suyanto , Kerr J, and Kato E. ",2008,"Impacts of the Hutan Kamasyarakatan social forestry program in the Sumberjaya watershed, West Lampung district of Sumatra, Indonesia.","Not Applicable","Not Applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","International Food Policy Research Institutde","This paper investigates the impacts of a social forestry program in Indonesia, Hutan Kamasyarakatan (HKm) based on analysis of survey of 640 HKm and comparable non-HKm plots.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Sumberjaya watershed of southern Sumatra","Tropical","Instrumental variables",640,"Households","Farmers' access to physical, human, and natural capital; participation in coproducers' organizations;  participation in labor-sharing groups; and access to formal credit and technical assistance","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Profit per hectare","Quantitative","Neutral","Participation in the agroforestry program had no significant impact on profit per hectare.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938034,"RL","2018-03-30","Ofori-Bah A, and Asafu-Adjaye J. (2011). Scope economies and technical efficiency of cocoa agroforesty systems in Ghana. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 70(8), pp.1508-1518.","Journal article","Ofori-Bah, A., Asafu-Adjaye, J.",2011,"Scope economies and technical efficiency of cocoa agroforestry systems in Ghana","Ecological Economics",70,"University of Queensland","Australia","African Economic Research Consortium (AERC)","The objective of this study is to examine (1) the extent to which crop diversity, defined as the mixing of cocoa with other crop species on farmers' plots, affects farm technical efficiency; and (2) to establish whether there exist cost complimentaries (i.e., economies of scope) from the sharing of farm inputs by crops on the same plots within cocoa agroforestry systems in Ghana.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Ashanti, Western, and Easter Regions","Tropical","None",340,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","All","Technical efficiency","Quantitative","Positive","The results indicated that diversified (or multi-crop) cocoa farms are more efficient than single group cocoa farms. A marginal increase in the number of shade trees has a small positive effect on technical efficiency.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938915,"RL","2018-04-07","Obiri BD, Bright GA, McDonald MA, Anglaaere LCN, and Cobbina J. (2007). Financial analysis of shaded cocoa in Ghana. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 71(2), pp.139-149.","Journal article","Obiri, B.D., Bright, G.A., McDonald, M.A., Anglaaere, L.C.N., Cobbina, J.",2007,"Financial analysis of shaded cocoa in Ghana","Agroforestry Systems",71,"Forestry Research Institute of Ghana","Ghana","Biscuit, Cake, Chocolate, and Confectionery Association of the United Kingdom and the UK Department for International Department","Participatory trials of cocoa agroforests planted with indigenous shade tree species were undertaken with farmers in the Atwima District of the Ashanti Region of Ghana to increase tree volume on cocoa fields. An ex ante financial analysis of the technology was undertaken to assess its economic viability.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Gogoikrom in Atwima District","Tropical","None",25,"Households","Fertilizer cost, timber value","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Input costs and profits","Quantitative","Mixed","Shaded hybrid cocoa is much more profitable than the traditional, unshaded system but less than its unshaded counterpart due to the earlier and higher yield peak.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380119,"RL","2018-04-07","Ogunlana E A. (2004). The technology adoption behavior of women farmers: the case of alley farming in Nigeria.. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 19(1), pp..","Journal article","Ogunlana, E.A.",2003,"The technology adoption behavior of women farmers: the case of alley farming in Nigeria","Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems",19,"School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","Primary data were collected through the field survey of women Yoruba farmers, both adopters and non-adopters of alley farming to assess adoption factors and effects.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Nigeria","Villages of Iwo-Ate, Owu-Ile, Alfa, Oke, Iyana Ofa, Ofa-Igbo, and Arikuyeri (southwestern Nigeria)","Tropical","None",168,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Women farmers","Survey responses (crop and livestock production)","Qualitative","Positive","Survey respondents who adopted alley farming practices believed that alley farming improved their crop and livestock production. They also reported that livestock were healthier as a result of alley cropping.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380119,"RL","2018-04-07","Ogunlana E A. (2004). The technology adoption behavior of women farmers: the case of alley farming in Nigeria.. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 19(1), pp..","Journal article","Ogunlana, E.A.",2003,"The technology adoption behavior of women farmers: the case of alley farming in Nigeria","Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems",19,"School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","Primary data were collected through the field survey of women Yoruba farmers, both adopters and non-adopters of alley farming to assess adoption factors and effects.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Nigeria","Villages of Iwo-Ate, Owu-Ile, Alfa, Oke, Iyana Ofa, Ofa-Igbo, and Arikuyeri (southwestern Nigeria)","Tropical","None",168,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","Women farmers","Survey responses (net profit)","Qualitative","Positive","Survey respondents who adopted alley farming practices claimed that it was a more profitable technology.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380119,"RL","2018-04-07","Ogunlana E A. (2004). The technology adoption behavior of women farmers: the case of alley farming in Nigeria.. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 19(1), pp..","Journal article","Ogunlana, E.A.",2003,"The technology adoption behavior of women farmers: the case of alley farming in Nigeria","Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems",19,"School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","Primary data were collected through the field survey of women Yoruba farmers, both adopters and non-adopters of alley farming to assess adoption factors and effects.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Nigeria","Villages of Iwo-Ate, Owu-Ile, Alfa, Oke, Iyana Ofa, Ofa-Igbo, and Arikuyeri (southwestern Nigeria)","Tropical","None",168,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Women farmers","Survey responses (quality of life, income)","Quantitative","Positive","Survey respondents who adopted alley farming practices claimed that they had earned a higher income and improved quality of life as a result of alley farming.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937840,"RL","2018-04-08","Palsaniya DR, Singh R, Tewari RK, Yadav RS, and Dhyani SK. (2012). Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 82(3), pp.241-247.","Journal article","Palsaniya, D.R., Singh, R., Tewari, R.K., Yadav, R.S., Dhyani, S.K.",2011,"Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India","Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences",82,"Natural Research Centre for Agrforestry","India","Indian Council of Agricultural Research","This study was undertaken to assess the impact of integrated watershed management interventions, viz soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry development, crop demonstrations with improved package of practices, plantation and human resource development on natural resource conservation and livelihood  security.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Garhkundar-Dabar watershed located at Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh in Bundelkhand region of Central India","Tropical","None",72,"Crop area samplings","N/A","Multiple","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Runoff volume","Quantitative","Negative","Integrated watershed management interventions (including adoption of agroforestry) resulted in decreased runoff.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937840,"RL","2018-04-08","Palsaniya DR, Singh R, Tewari RK, Yadav RS, and Dhyani SK. (2012). Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 82(3), pp.241-247.","Journal article","Palsaniya, D.R., Singh, R., Tewari, R.K., Yadav, R.S., Dhyani, S.K.",2011,"Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India","Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences",82,"Natural Research Centre for Agrforestry","India","Indian Council of Agricultural Research","This study was undertaken to assess the impact of integrated watershed management interventions, viz soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry development, crop demonstrations with improved package of practices, plantation and human resource development on natural resource conservation and livelihood  security.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Garhkundar-Dabar watershed located at Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh in Bundelkhand region of Central India","Tropical","None",72,"Crop area samplings","N/A","Multiple","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Water table depth, rater availability in nearby villages","Quantitative","Positive","Integrated watershed management interventions (including adoption of agroforestry) increased water availability.","No","Not Applicable","Not Applicable","Not Applicable"]
[31937840,"RL","2018-04-08","Palsaniya DR, Singh R, Tewari RK, Yadav RS, and Dhyani SK. (2012). Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 82(3), pp.241-247.","Journal article","Palsaniya, D.R., Singh, R., Tewari, R.K., Yadav, R.S., Dhyani, S.K.",2011,"Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India","Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences",82,"Natural Research Centre for Agrforestry","India","Indian Council of Agricultural Research","This study was undertaken to assess the impact of integrated watershed management interventions, viz soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry development, crop demonstrations with improved package of practices, plantation and human resource development on natural resource conservation and livelihood  security.","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Garhkundar-Dabar watershed located at Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh in Bundelkhand region of Central India","Tropical","None",72,"Crop area samplings","N/A","Multiple","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil loss, nutrient loss","Quantitative","Negative","Integrated watershed management interventions (including adoption of agroforestry) decreased soil and nutrient loss.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937840,"RL","2018-04-08","Palsaniya DR, Singh R, Tewari RK, Yadav RS, and Dhyani SK. (2012). Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 82(3), pp.241-247.","Journal article","Palsaniya, D.R., Singh, R., Tewari, R.K., Yadav, R.S., Dhyani, S.K.",2011,"Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India","Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences",82,"Natural Research Centre for Agrforestry","India","Indian Council of Agricultural Research","This study was undertaken to assess the impact of integrated watershed management interventions, viz soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry development, crop demonstrations with improved package of practices, plantation and human resource development on natural resource conservation and livelihood  security.","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Garhkundar-Dabar watershed located at Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh in Bundelkhand region of Central India","Tropical","None","30% in area","Households","N/A","Multiple","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Survey data - crop yields, fodder security, livestock production","Qualitative","Positive","Integrated watershed management interventions (including adoption of agroforestry) increased crop yields, fodder security, and livestock production.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937840,"RL","2018-04-08","Palsaniya DR, Singh R, Tewari RK, Yadav RS, and Dhyani SK. (2012). Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 82(3), pp.241-247.","Journal article","Palsaniya, D.R., Singh, R., Tewari, R.K., Yadav, R.S., Dhyani, S.K.",2011,"Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India","Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences",82,"Natural Research Centre for Agrforestry","India","Indian Council of Agricultural Research","This study was undertaken to assess the impact of integrated watershed management interventions, viz soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry development, crop demonstrations with improved package of practices, plantation and human resource development on natural resource conservation and livelihood  security.","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Garhkundar-Dabar watershed located at Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh in Bundelkhand region of Central India","Tropical","None","30% in area","Households","N/A","Multiple","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Employment opportunities","Quantitative","Positive","The number of employment opportunities increased as a result of integrated watershed management interventions (including agroforestry adoption).","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937840,"RL","2018-04-08","Palsaniya DR, Singh R, Tewari RK, Yadav RS, and Dhyani SK. (2012). Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 82(3), pp.241-247.","Journal article","Palsaniya, D.R., Singh, R., Tewari, R.K., Yadav, R.S., Dhyani, S.K.",2011,"Integrated watershed management for natural resource conservation and livelihood security in semi-arid tropics of India","Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences",82,"Natural Research Centre for Agrforestry","India","Indian Council of Agricultural Research","This study was undertaken to assess the impact of integrated watershed management interventions, viz soil and water conservation measures, agroforestry development, crop demonstrations with improved package of practices, plantation and human resource development on natural resource conservation and livelihood  security.","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Garhkundar-Dabar watershed located at Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh in Bundelkhand region of Central India","Tropical","None","30% in area","Households","N/A","Multiple","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Women  ","Number of forced migrations","Quantitative","Negative","Integrated watershed management interventions (including adoption of agroforestry) decreased the number of forced migrations.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936305,"RL","2018-04-13","Norfolk O, Asale A, Temesgen T, Denu D, Platts PJ, Marchant R, and Yewhalaw D. (2017). Diversity and composition of tropical butterflies along an Afromontane agricultural gradient in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia. BIOTROPICA, 49(3), pp.346-354.","Journal article","Norfolk, O., Asale, A., Temesgen, T., Denu, D., Platts, P., Marchant, R., Yewhalaw, D.",2017,"Diversity and composition of tropical butterflies along an Afromontane gradient in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia","Biotropica",49,"York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, University of York; Department of Life Sciences, Angila Ruskin University","United Kingdom","Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland","The purpose of this study is to assess how tropical butterfly diversity is maintained across an agricultural landscape in the Jimma HIghlands of Ethiopia. Transect surveys are used to sample understory degraded natural foresty, semi-managed coffee forest, exotic timber plantations, open woodlands, croplands, and pasture.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Jimma Highlands of south-western Ethiopia","Tropical","None",29,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Species richness and diversity of butterflies","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry land-use types supported a higher abundance and diversity of butterflies than conventional cropping land.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936305,"RL","2018-04-13","Norfolk O, Asale A, Temesgen T, Denu D, Platts PJ, Marchant R, and Yewhalaw D. (2017). Diversity and composition of tropical butterflies along an Afromontane agricultural gradient in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia. BIOTROPICA, 49(3), pp.346-354.","Journal article","Norfolk, O., Asale, A., Temesgen, T., Denu, D., Platts, P., Marchant, R., Yewhalaw, D.",2007,"Diversity and composition of tropical butterflies along an Afromontane gradient in the Jimma Highlands, Ethiopia","Biotropica",49,"York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, University of York; Department of Life Sciences, Angila Ruskin University","United Kingdom","Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland","The purpose of this study is to assess how tropical butterfly diversity is maintained across an agricultural landscape in the Jimma HIghlands of Ethiopia. Transect surveys are used to sample understory degraded natural foresty, semi-managed coffee forest, exotic timber plantations, open woodlands, croplands, and pasture.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Jimma Highlands of south-western Ethiopia","Tropical","None",29,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Species richness and diversity of butterflies","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry land-use types supported a higher abundance of butterflies than natural forest, but a lower diversity than natural forest.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375133,"RL","2018-04-13","Nwachokor M A, and Bergsma E. (2011). A comparative assessment of rain erosion hazard of five land use types and management practices in Mhong Chun Yen Village, Northern Thailand using soil surface micro-topographic features of erosion.. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 5(3), pp..","Journal article","Nwakochkor, M.A., Bergsma, E.",2011,"A Comparative Assessment of Rain Erosion Hazard of Five Land Use Types And Management Practices in Mhong Chun Yen Village, Nothern Thailand Using Soil Surface Micro-Topographic Features of Erosion","American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture",5,"Department of Agriculture, Benson Idahosa University","Nigeria","N/A","This study was carried out to compare rain erosion hazard on five sites representing different land use systems and management practices on the hill farms of Mhong Chun Yen Village in Nothern Thailand. The aim was to identify which of these land use types and management practices present the most resistance to land degradation in the highly erosion-prone hill farms region.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Thailand","Mhong Chun Yen Village, in the central part of Chiang Mai Provice, Nothern Thailand","Tropical","None",5,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Microtopic erosion features, indicator of erosion intensity","Quantitative","Positive","The agroforestry site was found to exhibit a lower erosion hazard than 3 of the other land use practices.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939026,"RL ","2018-04-20","Ouattara B, Ouattara K, Serpantie G, Mando A, Sedogo MP, and Bationo A. (2007). Intensity cultivation induced effects on soil organic carbon dynamic in the western cotton area of Burkina Faso. In: , ed., ADVANCES IN INTEGRATED SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES. DORDRECHT: SPRINGER, pp.749-757.","Journal article","Ouattara B, Ouattara K, Serpantie G, Mando A, Sedogo MP, and Bationo A. ",2007,"Intensity cultivation induced effects on soil organic carbon dynamic in the western cotton area of Burkina Faso","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems",76,"Institut de I’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles","Burkina Faso","N/A","The study assesses the soil organic content (SOC) of farms in Burkina Faso in order to assess the role of cultivation phase duration, tillage intensity, and soil texture on soil fertility.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Burkina Faso","Bondoukui","Tropical","None",102,"Farm plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Average carbon stock","Quantitative","Positive","The plots managed by shifting cultivation exhibited a higher soil carbon stock than those managed by conventional practices.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938549,"RL ","2018-04-23","Pardini R, Faria D, Accacio GM, Laps RR, Mariano-Neto E, Paciencia MLB, Dixo M, and Baumgarten J. (2009). The challenge of maintaining Atlantic forest biodiversity: A multi-taxa conservation assessment of specialist and generalist species in an agro-forestry mosaic in southern Bahia. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 142(6), pp.1178-1190.","Journal article","Pardini R, Faria D, Accacio GM, Laps RR, Mariano-Neto E, Paciencia MLB, Dixo M, and Baumgarten J. ",2009,"The challenge for maintaining Atlantic forest biodiversity: A multi-taxa conservation assessment of specialist and generalist species in an agro-forestry mosaic in southern Bahia","Biological Conservation",142,"Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa","Brazil","PROBIO-PRONABIO/MMA - CNPq/BIRD-GEF, FAPESP, WWF/Brasil, Ford Foundation/IESB, and Lincoln Zoo - Scott Neotropical Fund","This study uses a large-scale, multi-taxa, standaradized survey to evaluate the potential of different land uses for maintaining native biodiversity.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Una municipality, Bahia","Tropical","None",12,"Sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness  ","Quantitative","Negative","The shade cacao plantations harbored a smaller proportion of forest specialists and generalist species compared to mature forests.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938549,"RL ","2018-04-23","Pardini R, Faria D, Accacio GM, Laps RR, Mariano-Neto E, Paciencia MLB, Dixo M, and Baumgarten J. (2009). The challenge of maintaining Atlantic forest biodiversity: A multi-taxa conservation assessment of specialist and generalist species in an agro-forestry mosaic in southern Bahia. BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 142(6), pp.1178-1190.","Journal article","Pardini R, Faria D, Accacio GM, Laps RR, Mariano-Neto E, Paciencia MLB, Dixo M, and Baumgarten J. ",2009,"The challenge for maintaining Atlantic forest biodiversity: A multi-taxa conservation assessment of specialist and generalist species in an agro-forestry mosaic in southern Bahia","Biological Conservation",142,"Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa","Brazil","PROBIO-PRONABIO/MMA - CNPq/BIRD-GEF, FAPESP, WWF/Brasil, Ford Foundation/IESB, and Lincoln Zoo - Scott Neotropical Fund","This study uses a large-scale, multi-taxa, standaradized survey to evaluate the potential of different land uses for maintaining native biodiversity.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Una municipality, Bahia","Tropical","None",12,"Sites","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness","Quantitative","Positive","The shade cacao plantations harbored a higher proportion of forest specialists and generalist species compared to second-growth forests.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32382658,"RL ","2018-05-04","Okojie L O. (2000). Ex-post evaluation of agroforestry system investment in Plateau State, Nigeria.. Journal of Tropical Forest Resources, 16(1), pp..","Journal article","Okojie, L.O.",2000,"Ex-post evaluation of agroforestry system investment in plateau state, Nigeria","Journal of Tropical Forest Resources",16,"Department of Agric Economics and Farm Management, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta","Nigeria","N/A","This study compares the yield of agricultural crops under systems of traditional cultivation and agroforestry systems, as well as the costs and revenues of each.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Nigeria","Plateau State","Tropical","None",54,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Mean agricultural output","Quantitative","Neutral","The mean agricultural output of the agroforestry cultivation system was fairly higher than that under traditional cultivation system. However, the difference between the two was not significant.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32382658,"RL ","2018-05-04","Okojie L O. (2000). Ex-post evaluation of agroforestry system investment in Plateau State, Nigeria.. Journal of Tropical Forest Resources, 16(1), pp..","Journal article","Okojie, L.O.",2000,"Ex-post evaluation of agroforestry system investment in plateau state, Nigeria","Journal of Tropical Forest Resources",16,"Department of Agric Economics and Farm Management, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta","Nigeria","N/A","This study compares the yield of agricultural crops under systems of traditional cultivation and agroforestry systems, as well as the costs and revenues of each.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Nigeria","Plateau State","Tropical","None",54,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value, benefit/cost ratio","Quantitative","Positive","The net present value and the benefit/cost ratio were higher for the agroforestry cultivation system compared to the traditional cultivation system.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377305,"RL ","2018-05-04","Olanrewaju O D. (2008). Changes in soil properties following conversion of humid tropical rainforest of Nigeria into cocoa agroforests.. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 2(3), pp..","Journal article","Olanrewaju, O.D.",2008,"Changes in Soil Properties Following Conversion of Humid Tropical Rainforest of Nigeria Into Cocoa Agroforests","Journal of Applied Biological Sciences",2,"Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","This study examined and compared some physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of soil under a natural rainforest ecosystem and in young (10-12 yrs) and old (>50yrs) cocoa agroforests.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Ogun State and Ondo State","Tropical","None",6,"Cocoa farms","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, extractable phosphours","Quantitative","Negative","Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and extractable phosphorus were all significantly reduced under the cocoa agroforests as compared to the natural forests. However, there was an improvement in the soil organic C content under old cocoa farms compared with young cocoa.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377305,"RL ","2018-05-04","Olanrewaju O D. (2008). Changes in soil properties following conversion of humid tropical rainforest of Nigeria into cocoa agroforests.. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 2(3), pp..","Journal article","Olanrewaju, O.D.",2008,"Changes in Soil Properties Following Conversion of Humid Tropical Rainforest of Nigeria Into Cocoa Agroforests","Journal of Applied Biological Sciences",2,"Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","This study examined and compared some physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of soil under a natural rainforest ecosystem and in young (10-12 yrs) and old (>50yrs) cocoa agroforests.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Ogun State and Ondo State","Tropical","None",6,"Cocoa farms","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH, soil texture, soil microbial population","Both","Neutral","There were no significant differences in soil texture, pH, and microbial populations between cocoa agroforests and natural forests.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381274,"RL ","2018-05-05","Pattanayak S K, and Mercer D E. (2002). Indexing soil conservation: farmer perceptions of agroforestry benefits.. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 15(2), pp..","Journal article","Pattanayak, S.K., Mercer, D.E.",2002,"Indexing Soil Conservation: Farmer Perceptions of Agroforestry Benefits","Journal of Sustainable Forestry",15,"Not specified","Not specified","N/A","The authors construct an empirical soil conservation index as a weighted average of farmer perceptions of four soil attributes and develop a statistical model of soil conservation benefits of agroforestry by using survey data from the Philippines to compare soil conservation under agroforestry practices to soil conservation under conventional agriculture.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Philippines","Leyte","Tropical","None",277,"Agricultural households","Age, farming experience, sex, education, family size, membership in community organizzations, years of residency, slope and type of land, soil attributes, water quality","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil conservation index based on farmer perception of soil health","Qualitative","Positive","Agroforestry practices improve soil conservation relative to conventional agricultural practices.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938177,"RL ","2018-05-05","Panwar P, Pal S, Reza SK, and Sharma B. (2011). Soil Fertility Index, Soil Evaluation Factor, and Microbial Indices under Different Land Uses in Acidic Soil of Humid Subtropical India. COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS, 42(22), pp.2724-2737.","Journal article","Panwar, P., Sharmistha, P., Reza, S.K., Sharma, B.",2011,"Soil Fertility Index, Soil Evaluation Factor, and Microbial Indices under Different Land Uses in Acidic Soil of Humid Subtropical India","Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis",42,"Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Research Center, Madhya Marg, Chandigarh, India","India","N/A","This study was conducted to examine the impact of land use on soil fertility in the Jalpaiguri District of India. The natural forest served as a control against which changes in soil properties were compared.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Madarihat, Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal State","Sub-tropical","None","Not specified","Sampling sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil fertility index, soil evaluation factor","Quantitative","Positive","The home gardens (which employ agroforestry practices) exhibitied a greater soil fertility and soil evaluation factor than conventional agriculture plots.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938177,"RL ","2018-05-05","Panwar P, Pal S, Reza SK, and Sharma B. (2011). Soil Fertility Index, Soil Evaluation Factor, and Microbial Indices under Different Land Uses in Acidic Soil of Humid Subtropical India. COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS, 42(22), pp.2724-2737.","Journal article","Panwar, P., Sharmistha, P., Reza, S.K., Sharma, B.",2011,"Soil Fertility Index, Soil Evaluation Factor, and Microbial Indices under Different Land Uses in Acidic Soil of Humid Subtropical India","Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis",42,"Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Research Center, Madhya Marg, Chandigarh, India","India","N/A","This study was conducted to examine the impact of land use on soil fertility in the Jalpaiguri District of India. The natural forest served as a control against which changes in soil properties were compared.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Madarihat, Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal State","Sub-tropical","None","Not specified","Sampling sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil fertility index, soil evaluation factor","Quantitative","Negative","The home gardens (which employ agroforestry practices) exhibitied a lower soil fertility and soil evaluation factor than that under natural forests. ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936269,"RL ","2018-05-06","Rajput BS, Bhardwaj DR, and Pala NA. (2017). Factors influencing biomass and carbon storage potential of different land use systems along an elevational gradient in temperate northwestern Himalaya. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 91(3), pp.479-486.","Journal article","Rajput BS, Bhardwaj DR, and Pala NA. ",2017,"Factors influencing biomass and carbon storage potential of different land use systems along an elevational gradient in temperate northwestern Himalaya","Agroforestry Systems",91,"Department of Agronomy (Agroforestry), BHU, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha, Mirzapur, U.P.","India","N/A","This study examined the influence of five prevailing agro ecosystems (forest, silvipasture, agrohorticulture, horticulture, agriculture) and four elevations on biomass and carbon sequestration potential.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","India","Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",20,"Sampling sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","Biomass, maximum biomass carbon density","Quantitative","Mixed","The silvipastoral system had a higher biomass accumulation and biomass density than the agri-horticultural, horticultural, and agricultural systems. It has a lower biomass accumulation than the forest.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936269,"RL ","2018-05-06","Rajput BS, Bhardwaj DR, and Pala NA. (2017). Factors influencing biomass and carbon storage potential of different land use systems along an elevational gradient in temperate northwestern Himalaya. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 91(3), pp.479-486.","Journal article","Rajput BS, Bhardwaj DR, and Pala NA. ",2017,"Factors influencing biomass and carbon storage potential of different land use systems along an elevational gradient in temperate northwestern Himalaya","Agroforestry Systems",91,"Department of Agronomy (Agroforestry), BHU, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha, Mirzapur, U.P.","India","N/A","This study examined the influence of five prevailing agro ecosystems (forest, silvipasture, agrohorticulture, horticulture, agriculture) and four elevations on biomass and carbon sequestration potential.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","India","Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",20,"Sampling sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Rate of carbon sequestration","Quantitative","Mixed","The silvipastoral system has a higher rate of carbon sequestration than agriculture. It had a lower rate than agri-horticulture, forest, and horticulture.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936269,"RL ","2018-05-06","Rajput BS, Bhardwaj DR, and Pala NA. (2017). Factors influencing biomass and carbon storage potential of different land use systems along an elevational gradient in temperate northwestern Himalaya. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 91(3), pp.479-486.","Journal article","Rajput BS, Bhardwaj DR, and Pala NA. ",2017,"Factors influencing biomass and carbon storage potential of different land use systems along an elevational gradient in temperate northwestern Himalaya","Agroforestry Systems",91,"Department of Agronomy (Agroforestry), BHU, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha, Mirzapur, U.P.","India","N/A","This study examined the influence of five prevailing agro ecosystems (forest, silvipasture, agrohorticulture, horticulture, agriculture) and four elevations on biomass and carbon sequestration potential.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","India","Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",20,"Sampling sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon  ","Quantitative","Mixed","The silvopastoral system has more soil organic carbon than agriculture, and less than agri-horticulture, horticulture, and forest.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372580,"RL ","2018-05-17","Ma ZhiGang, Zhu JingLe, Sun ZhiQiang, Liang Jun, Zhang ZhaoXin, Zhang LiMin, Sun LiJuan, and Li WenJuan. (2015). The influences of biotic and abiotic factors on the occurrence and severity of poplar canker disease in Qingfeng County, China and the management implications.. Journal of Forestry Research, 26(4).","Journal article","Ma ZhiGang, Zhu JingLe, Sun ZhiQiang, Liang Jun, Zhang ZhaoXin, Zhang LiMin, Sun LiJuan, and Li WenJuan",2015,"The influences of biotic and abiotic factors on the occurrence and severity of poplar canker disease in Qingfeng County, China and the management implications","Journal of Forestry Research",26,"Paulownia R&D Center of China, Chinese Academy of Forestry","China","Twelth five-year science and technology support program of China","This paper analyzes the effects of stand features, management approaches, and geographical locations on poplar canker disease incidence and disease severity index.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","China","Qingfeng County","Temperate","None","Not specified","Patches","Better growing conditions (water and fertilizer) for agroforestry stands; pruning and pest controls","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Canker disease incidence and disease severity index","Quantitative","Negative","Agroforestry patches had the lowest calculated disease incidence and disease severity index.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938292,"RL ","2018-05-17","Magcale-Macandog DB, Ranola FM, Ranola RF, Ani PAB, and Vidal NB. (2010). Enhancing the food security of upland farming households through agroforestry in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 79(3), pp.327-342.","Journal article","Magcale-Macandog DB, Ranola FM, Ranola RF, Ani PAB, and Vidal NB",2009,"Enhancing the food security of upland farming households through agroforestry in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines","Agroforestry Systems",79,"EcoInformatics Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Philippines at Los Banos","Philippines","European Union","This study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the importance of agroforestry in ensuring food security of farming households in the Philippine uplands through improving levels of food production and providing additional source of income.  A combination of techniques was used to gather information on the food security situation of farmers, including household survey, focus group discussion, field experiment, bioeconomic modeling using WaNuLCAS, and investment and profitability analysis.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Philippines","Claveria, Misamis Oriental","Tropical","None",300,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil fertility, reduced soil evaporation, recovery of leached nutrients, increased soil infiltration rate, protection against wind and run-off and weeds, slowed down of potential of wind-borne pests and diseases","Qualitative","Positive","Farmers reported adopting agroforestry practices due to improvements in all of these areas.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938292,"RL ","2018-05-17","Magcale-Macandog DB, Ranola FM, Ranola RF, Ani PAB, and Vidal NB. (2010). Enhancing the food security of upland farming households through agroforestry in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 79(3), pp.327-342.","Journal article","Magcale-Macandog DB, Ranola FM, Ranola RF, Ani PAB, and Vidal NB",2009,"Enhancing the food security of upland farming households through agroforestry in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines","Agroforestry Systems",79,"EcoInformatics Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Philippines at Los Banos","Philippines","European Union","This study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the importance of agroforestry in ensuring food security of farming households in the Philippine uplands through improving levels of food production and providing additional source of income.  A combination of techniques was used to gather information on the food security situation of farmers, including household survey, focus group discussion, field experiment, bioeconomic modeling using WaNuLCAS, and investment and profitability analysis.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Philippines","Claveria, Misamis Oriental","Tropical","None",300,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net returns","Quantitative","Positive","The adoption of agroforestry system was more cost efficient than annual cropping.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936380,"RL ","2018-05-17","Maranguit D, Guillaume T, and Kuzyakov Y. (2017). Land-use change affects phosphorus fractions in highly weathered tropical soils. CATENA, 149, pp.385-393.","Journal article","Maranguit D, Guillaume T, and Kuzyakov Y. ",2017,"Land-use change affects phosphorus fractions in highly weathered tropical soils","Catena",149,"Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Georg-August-University of Gottingen, Busgenweg","Germany","Desutche Forschungsgemeins-chaft (DFG)","The objective of this study is to determine the impacts of land-use change from agroforestry systems to intensive plantations on phosphorus stocks in highly weathered tropical soils.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Jambi Province","Tropical","None",9,"Sites","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Overall soil phosphorus stock and availability, soil organic matter","Quantitative","Positive","Land use change from agroforestry to conventional plantations decreased soil phosphorus and soil organic matter.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937690,"RL ","2018-05-18","Martins PCC, Dias MD, Ajayi AE, and Moreira FMD. (2012). STRUCTURAL SUSTAINABILITY OF CAMBISOL UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE SYSTEM. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO SOLO, 36(6), pp.1724-1732.","Journal article","Martins PCC, Dias MD, Ajayi AE, and Moreira FMD. ",2012,"Structural Sustainability of Cambisol Under Different Land Use System","Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Do Solo",36,"Eng.-Agrônoma, Doutoranda do DCS/UFLA Bolsista do CNPq. Campus Universitário UFLA","Brazil","N/A","The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in a Cambisol structure under six land use systems (young secondary forest, old secondary forest, forest, pasture, cropping, and agroforestry) using the load bearing capacity model.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Benjamin Constant County, North Western State of Amazon","Tropical","None",6,"Land-use system samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bulk density, soil porosity","Quantitative","Neutral","There were no significant differences in bulk density or soil porosity between the soil samples collected. (The samples were taken from  beneath old secondary forest, young secondary forest, forest, cropping system, and agroforest.) ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937690,"RL ","2018-05-18","Martins PCC, Dias MD, Ajayi AE, and Moreira FMD. (2012). STRUCTURAL SUSTAINABILITY OF CAMBISOL UNDER DIFFERENT LAND USE SYSTEM. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO SOLO, 36(6), pp.1724-1732.","Journal article","Martins PCC, Dias MD, Ajayi AE, and Moreira FMD. ",2012,"Structural Sustainability of Cambisol Under Different Land Use System","Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Do Solo",36,"Eng.-Agrônoma, Doutoranda do DCS/UFLA Bolsista do CNPq. Campus Universitário UFLA","Brazil","N/A","The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in a Cambisol structure under six land use systems (young secondary forest, old secondary forest, forest, pasture, cropping, and agroforestry) using the load bearing capacity model.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Benjamin Constant County, North Western State of Amazon","Tropical","None",6,"Land-use system samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil structure degradation","Quantitative","Mixed","In the topsoil level, the pasture land use system was most severe in the degradation of the soil structure, and the structure was most preserved under old secondary forest, cropping system, and forest. At the subsoil level, the soil structure was most degraded in the cropping land use system and most preserved in young secondary forest and pasture. At the .20-.23m depth, soil degradation was most severe in old secondary forest and most preserved in young secondary forest, cropping, and agroforestry.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937832,"RL ","2018-05-18","Philpott SM, and Bichier P. (2012). Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 149, pp.171-180.","Journal article","Philpott SM, and Bichier P. ",2012,"Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee  agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",149,"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo","United States","The Organic Farming Research Foundation, the University of Toledo, NSF grant DEB-0349388","The objective of this study is to examine changes in bird richness and abundance, as well as several vegetation characteristics before and after drastic canopy reduction to measure the direct and immediate effects of tree thinning and pruning on the birds. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Soconuso region of Chiapas, Mexico","Tropical","None",64,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Vegetation complexity","Quantitative","Positive","The areas in which the trees were cut or pruned supported less vegetation complexity than the high-shade areas.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937832,"RL ","2018-05-18","Philpott SM, and Bichier P. (2012). Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 149, pp.171-180.","Journal article","Philpott SM, and Bichier P. ",2012,"Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee  agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",149,"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo","United States","The Organic Farming Research Foundation, the University of Toledo, NSF grant DEB-0349388","The objective of this study is to examine changes in bird richness and abundance, as well as several vegetation characteristics before and after drastic canopy reduction to measure the direct and immediate effects of tree thinning and pruning on the birds. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Soconuso region of Chiapas, Mexico","Tropical","None",64,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird cumulative richness","Quantitative","Neutral","There were no differences in cumulative richness between the cut and high-shade areas.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937832,"RL ","2018-05-18","Philpott SM, and Bichier P. (2012). Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 149, pp.171-180.","Journal article","Philpott SM, and Bichier P. ",2012,"Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee  agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",149,"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo","United States","The Organic Farming Research Foundation, the University of Toledo, NSF grant DEB-0349388","The objective of this study is to examine changes in bird richness and abundance, as well as several vegetation characteristics before and after drastic canopy reduction to measure the direct and immediate effects of tree thinning and pruning on the birds. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Soconuso region of Chiapas, Mexico","Tropical","None",64,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird abundance and mean richness","Quantitative","Positive","Bird abundance and mean richness per plot was higher in shaded than in cut plots.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936203,"RL ","2018-05-18","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. 2017. \"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict\". HUMAN ECOLOGY 45(4):463-473.","Journal article","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. ",2017,"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict","Human Ecology",45,"Jomada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University","United States","US Borlaug Fellows in Global Food Security Graduate Research Grant","This study explores how agroforestry may be used as a livelihood strategy to build livelihood resilience during and immediately after violent conflict.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Kenya","Burat","Tropical","None",187,"Household surveys","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Personal safety and security during conflict","Qualitative","Positive","Survey respondents reported that trees provided cover and security for people when fighting broke out suddenly.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936203,"RL ","2018-05-18","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. 2017. \"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict\". HUMAN ECOLOGY 45(4):463-473.","Journal article","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. ",2017,"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict","Human Ecology",45,"Jomada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University","United States","US Borlaug Fellows in Global Food Security Graduate Research Grant","This study explores how agroforestry may be used as a livelihood strategy to build livelihood resilience during and immediately after violent conflict.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Kenya","Burat","Tropical","None",187,"Household surveys","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","N/A","Food security during and after conflict","Qualitative","Positive","Survey respondents reported that agroforestry was an important source of food during and after conflict.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936203,"RL ","2018-05-18","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. 2017. \"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict\". HUMAN ECOLOGY 45(4):463-473.","Journal article","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. ",2017,"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict","Human Ecology",45,"Jomada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University","United States","US Borlaug Fellows in Global Food Security Graduate Research Grant","This study explores how agroforestry may be used as a livelihood strategy to build livelihood resilience during and immediately after violent conflict.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Kenya","Burat","Tropical","None",187,"Household surveys","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Income security during and after conflict","Qualitative","Positive","Survey respondents reported that agroforestry was important for income security during and after conflict.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936203,"RL ","2018-05-18","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. 2017. \"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict\". HUMAN ECOLOGY 45(4):463-473.","Journal article","Quandt A, and McCabe JT. ",2017,"\"You Can Steal Livestock but You Can't Steal Trees.\" The Livelihood Benefits of Agroforestry during and after Violent Conflict","Human Ecology",45,"Jomada Experimental Range, New Mexico State University","United States","US Borlaug Fellows in Global Food Security Graduate Research Grant","This study explores how agroforestry may be used as a livelihood strategy to build livelihood resilience during and immediately after violent conflict.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Kenya","Burat","Tropical","None",187,"Household surveys","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Capacity to rebuild after conflict","Qualitative","Positive","Survey respondents reported that construction materials from agroforestry lessened the financial burden of rebuilding their homes.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936435,"RL ","2018-05-21","Rakotovao NH, Razafimbelo TM, Rakotosamimanana S, Randrianasolo Z, Randriamalala JR, and Albrecht A. (2017). Carbon footprint of smallholder farms in Central Madagascar: The integration of agroecological practices. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION, 140, pp.1165-1175.","Journal article","Rakotovao NH, Razafimbelo TM, Rakotosamimanana S, Randrianasolo Z, Randriamalala JR, and Albrecht A. ",2016,"Carbon footprint of smallholder farms in Central Madagascar: The integration of agroecological practices","Journal of Cleaner Production",140,"Agence Française pour le d\u0001eveloppement (AFD), The Aquitaine Region, and the Star's Service","Madagascar","University of Antananarivo","The goals of this study were to assess the impact of agroecological practices adopted by farmers on their carbon footprint.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Madagascar","Itasy Region","Tropical","None",192,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon footprint of smallholder farm","Quantitative","Negative","Agroforestry practices significantly mitigated farm greenhouse gas emissions","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243711,"RL ","2018-05-21","Ramadhani T Otsyina, R Franzel, and S. (2002). Improving household incomes and reducing deforestation using rotational woodlots in Tabora district, Tanzania. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 89(3), pp.229 - 239AR PII S0167-8809(01)00165-7.","Journal article","Ramadhani T Otsyina, R Franzel, and S.",2002,"Improving household incomes and reducing deforestation using rotational woodlots in Tabora district, Tanzania","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",89,"Tumbi Agricultural Research and Training Institute, Tubora, Tanzania","United Republic of Tanzania","N/A","The objectives of this paper were to determine the biophysical performance of the woodlots in a wide range of farm types and amangement conditions, assess the profitability of the woodlots from farmers' perspective and get farmers' assessment of the technology, and estimate the potential impact of rotational woodlots in reducing deforestation.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","United Republic of Tanzania","Tabora region, western Tanzania","Tropical","None",52,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Returns to land and labor","Quantitative","Positive","The rotational woodlots resulted in higher returns to land and labor than the maize-fallow system.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374360,"RL ","2018-05-22","Ranjini Murali, and Raman T R. S. (2012). Streamside amphibian communities in plantations and a rainforest fragment in the Anamalai hills, India.. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 4(9).","Journal article","Murali, R. and Shankar Raman, T.R.",2012,"Streamside amphibian communities in plantations and a rainforest fragment in the Anamalai hills, India","Journal of Threatened Taxa",4,"Nature Conservation Foundation","India","Ecosystems Grant Programme of the Netherleands Committee for the IUCN, and the Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund (CEPF)","The objective of this study was to compare abundance and community composition of anuran amphibians along streams in tea monoculture, shade coffee plantation, and a rainforest fragment in order to understand responses to alterations in land use..","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Valparai plateau in the Tamil Nadu part of the Anamalai hills in the southern Western Ghats","Tropical","None",21,"Sampling quadrats","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Number of species of amphibians per quadrat","Quantitative","Negative","The rainforest fragment had a higher species density than the coffee agroforestry system.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939100,"RL ","2018-05-22","Rasul G, and Thapa GB. (2006). Financial and economic suitability of agroforestry as an alternative to shifting cultivation: The case of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS, 91(1-2), pp.29-50.","Journal article","Rasul, G., Thapa, G.B.",2006,"Financial and economic suitability of agroforestry as an alternative to shifting cultivation: The case of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh","Agricultural Systems",9,"International Center for Integrated Mountain Development","Nepal","N/A","Based on three criteria - benefit-cost ratio, net present value, and returns to labor - this paper evaluated the financial and economic benefits of agroforestry and shifting cultivation using farm household data.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Bangladesh","Bandarban district of CHT","Tropical","None",304,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value, benefit/cost ratio, return to labor","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry practices performed better than shifting cultivation across all three financial criteria.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938936,"RL ","2018-05-23","Rasul G, and Thapa GB. (2007). The impact of policy and institutional environment on costs and benefits of sustainable agricultural land uses: The case of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 40(2), pp.272-283.","Journal article","Rasul, G., Thapa, G.B.",2007,"The Impact of Policy and Institutional Environment on Costs and Benefits of Sustainable Agricultural Land Uses: The Case of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Bangladesh","Environmental Management",40,"International Center for Integrated Mountain Development","Nepal","Integrated Watershed Development and Management Program of the Asian Institute Technology (AIT), Thailand","This article evaluated five major land-use systems being practiced in Bangladesh - shifting cultivation, annual cash crops, horticulture, agroforestry, and timber plantation - in terms of their financial benefit and social costs.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Bangladesh","Bandarban district of CHT","Tropical","None",304,"Farmers","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value","Quantitative","Negative","Annual cash crops have the highest net present value, followed by horticulture, timber plantation, agroforestry, and then shifting cultivation.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938936,"RL ","2018-05-23","Rasul G, and Thapa GB. (2007). The impact of policy and institutional environment on costs and benefits of sustainable agricultural land uses: The case of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 40(2), pp.272-283.","Journal article","Rasul, G., Thapa, G.B.",2007,"The Impact of Policy and Institutional Environment on Costs and Benefits of Sustainable Agricultural Land Uses: The Case of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Bangladesh","Environmental Management",40,"International Center for Integrated Mountain Development","Nepal","Integrated Watershed Development and Management Program of the Asian Institute Technology (AIT), Thailand","This article evaluated five major land-use systems being practiced in Bangladesh - shifting cultivation, annual cash crops, horticulture, agroforestry, and timber plantation - in terms of their financial benefit and social costs.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Bangladesh","Bandarban district of CHT","Tropical","None",304,"Farmers","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Financial return incorporating the societal cost of soil erosion","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry is the socially most beneficial land-use system, followed by timber plantation, horticulture, shifting cultivation, and annual cash crops.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376876,"RL ","2018-05-23","Rasul G. (2009). Ecosystem services and agricultural land-use practices: a case study of the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh.. Sustainability: Science, and Practice & Policy, 5(2).","Journal article","Rasul, G. ",2009,"Ecosystem services and agricultural land-use practices: a case study in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh","Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy",5,"International Center for Integrated Mountain Development","Nepal","N/A","Using nonmarket valuation techniques, this article estimates the value of environmetnal services associated with four agricultural land-use systems in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh and compares their relative profitability from private and social perspectives.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","CHT region; Rangamanti, Bandarban, Khagrachari districts","Tropical","None",304,"Farmers","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Gross benefit, net present value","Quantitative","Negative","Annual cash crops have the highest net present value and gross benefit, followed by horticulture, tree farming, and then agroforestry.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376876,"RL ","2018-05-23","Rasul G. (2009). Ecosystem services and agricultural land-use practices: a case study of the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh.. Sustainability: Science, and Practice & Policy, 5(2).","Journal article","Rasul, G. ",2009,"Ecosystem services and agricultural land-use practices: a case study in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh","Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy",5,"International Center for Integrated Mountain Development","Nepal","N/A","Using nonmarket valuation techniques, this article estimates the value of environmetnal services associated with four agricultural land-use systems in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh and compares their relative profitability from private and social perspectives.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","CHT region; Rangamanti, Bandarban, Khagrachari districts","Tropical","None",304,"Farmers","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Profitability accounting for the cost of soil erosion","Quantitative","Positive","When accounting for the cost of soil erosion, horticulture emerges as the most profitable land use with tree farming in the second position and then agroforestry. The profitability of annual cash cropping is considerably reduced.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376876,"RL ","2018-05-23","Rasul G. (2009). Ecosystem services and agricultural land-use practices: a case study of the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh.. Sustainability: Science, and Practice & Policy, 5(2).","Journal article","Rasul, G. ",2009,"Ecosystem services and agricultural land-use practices: a case study in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh","Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy",5,"International Center for Integrated Mountain Development","Nepal","N/A","Using nonmarket valuation techniques, this article estimates the value of environmetnal services associated with four agricultural land-use systems in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh and compares their relative profitability from private and social perspectives.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","CHT region; Rangamanti, Bandarban, Khagrachari districts","Tropical","None",304,"Farmers","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Profitability accounting for the benefits of environmental services (carbon sequestration and biodiversity protection)","Quantitative","Positive","When the benefits of environmental services are taken into account, annual cash crops become the least profitable land-use practice and farm forestry the most profitable option, with returns from agroforestry almost twice those from annual crops. ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938650,"RL ","2018-05-23","Redondo-Brenes A, and Montagnini F. (2011). CONTRIBUTION OF HOMEGARDENS, AGROSILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS, AND OTHER HUMAN-DOMINATED LAND-USE TYPES TO THE AVIAN DIVERSITY OF A BIOLOGICAL CORRIDOR IN COSTA RICA. In: , ed., HANDBOOK ON AGROFORESTRY: MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT. HAUPPAUGE: NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC, pp.185-223.","Book chapter","Redondo-Brenes A, and Montagnini F. ",2011,"Contribution of Homegardens, Agrosilvopastoral Systems, and Other Human-Dominated Land-Use Types to the Avian Diversity of a Biological Corridor in Costa Rica","Handbook on Agroforestry: Management Practices and Environmental Impact","Not applicable","Yale University","United States","School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, the Tropical Resources Institute, the Council for Latin American and Iberian Studies, the Center for Field Biology Pilot Grant, and the John F. Enders Fellowships & Research Grants (all of these at Yale University); and the Evergreen Fellow Grant Program through the NGO \"Friends of Osa\"","The main objective of this study was to estimate the contribution of ten habitat types: forested areas (wildlife regues and biological reserves), agroforestry systems (homegardens and agrosilvopastoral systems), and other human-dominated land uses on the conservation of bird species in the corridor.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Costa Rica","Path of the Tapir, Biological Corridor","Tropical","None",200,"Sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Mean abundance, species richness, and diversity of birds","Quantitative","Positive","Silvopastoral systems and homegardens were the most bird-abundant habitats.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938650,"RL ","2018-05-23","Redondo-Brenes A, and Montagnini F. (2011). CONTRIBUTION OF HOMEGARDENS, AGROSILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS, AND OTHER HUMAN-DOMINATED LAND-USE TYPES TO THE AVIAN DIVERSITY OF A BIOLOGICAL CORRIDOR IN COSTA RICA. In: , ed., HANDBOOK ON AGROFORESTRY: MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT. HAUPPAUGE: NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC, pp.185-223.","Book chapter","Redondo-Brenes A, and Montagnini F. ",2011,"Contribution of Homegardens, Agrosilvopastoral Systems, and Other Human-Dominated Land-Use Types to the Avian Diversity of a Biological Corridor in Costa Rica","Handbook on Agroforestry: Management Practices and Environmental Impact","Not applicable","Yale University","United States","School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, the Tropical Resources Institute, the Council for Latin American and Iberian Studies, the Center for Field Biology Pilot Grant, and the John F. Enders Fellowships & Research Grants (all of these at Yale University); and the Evergreen Fellow Grant Program through the NGO \"Friends of Osa\"","The main objective of this study was to estimate the contribution of ten habitat types: forested areas (wildlife regues and biological reserves), agroforestry systems (homegardens and agrosilvopastoral systems), and other human-dominated land uses on the conservation of bird species in the corridor.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Costa Rica","Path of the Tapir, Biological Corridor","Tropical","None",200,"Sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Mean abundance, species richness, and diversity of birds","Quantitative","Positive","Silvopastoral systems and homegardens were the most bird-abundant habitats.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936855,"RL ","2018-05-24","Sahner J, Budi SW, Barus H, Edy N, Meyer M, Corre MD, and Polle A. (2015). Degradation of Root Community Traits as Indicator for Transformation of Tropical Lowland Rain Forests into Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations. PLOS ONE, 10(9).","Journal article","Sahner J, Budi SW, Barus H, Edy N, Meyer M, Corre MD, and Polle A. ",2015,"Degradation of Root Community Traits as Indicator for Transformation of Tropical Lowland Rain Forests into Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations. ","PLoS ONE",10,"Department for Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August University Göttingen","Germany","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft CRC990: Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia) project B07 (AP) and Project A05 (MDC); Erasmus Mundus, EURASIA2; Georg-August Universität Göttingen CRC990","The objective of this study was to test the influence of land use systems (oil palm plantations, rubber agroforests, and rain forests) on root traits - including chemical traits and performance traits.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Sumatra, Provice of Jambi","Tropical","None",32,"Sampling sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Root community-weighted traits (RCWT) and soil properties","Quantitative","Negative","Root community-weighted traits were higher in forest than rubber agroforests.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936855,"RL ","2018-05-24","Sahner J, Budi SW, Barus H, Edy N, Meyer M, Corre MD, and Polle A. (2015). Degradation of Root Community Traits as Indicator for Transformation of Tropical Lowland Rain Forests into Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations. PLOS ONE, 10(9).","Journal article","Sahner J, Budi SW, Barus H, Edy N, Meyer M, Corre MD, and Polle A. ",2015,"Degradation of Root Community Traits as Indicator for Transformation of Tropical Lowland Rain Forests into Oil Palm and Rubber Plantations. ","PLoS ONE",10,"Department for Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August University Göttingen","Germany","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft CRC990: Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems (Sumatra, Indonesia) project B07 (AP) and Project A05 (MDC); Erasmus Mundus, EURASIA2; Georg-August Universität Göttingen CRC990","The objective of this study was to test the influence of land use systems (oil palm plantations, rubber agroforests, and rain forests) on root traits - including chemical traits and performance traits.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Sumatra, Provice of Jambi","Tropical","None",32,"Sampling sites","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Root community-weighted traits (RCWT) and soil properties","Quantitative","Positive","Root community-weighted traits were higher in rubber agroforests than oil palm plantations..","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938367,"RL ","2018-05-24","Saha SK, Nair PKR, Nair VD, and Kumar BM. (2010). Carbon storage in relation to soil size-fractions under tropical tree-based land-use systems. PLANT AND SOIL, 328(1-2), pp.433-446.","Journal article","Saha SK, Nair PKR, Nair VD, and Kumar BM. ",2010,"Carbon storage in relation to soil size-fractions under tropical tree-based land-use systems. ","Plant Soil",328,"School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida","United States","N/A","This study examined soil C storage, an indicator of C sequestration potential, in homegardens, natural forest, and single-species stands of coconut, rice-paddy, and rubber.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Kerala","Tropical","None",48,"Sampling sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Total carbon stock","Quantitative","Mixed","Total carbon stock was highest in forests, followed by homegardens, and lowest in treeless (rice-paddy) systems.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371350,"RL ","2018-05-29","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S. (2016). Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India.. International Journal of Forest Usufructs Management, 17(2).","Journal article","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S.",2016,"Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India","International Journal of Forest Usufructs",2,"University of Horitculture and Forestry","India","N/A","The aim of this study was to identify the best landuse systems with high monetary gain and estimate the cost-benefit analysis of different land-use systems.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",8,"Land-use systems","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net Profit","Quantitative","Positive","Agrisilviculture had a higher net profit than agriculture and forest. Compared to other agroforestry practices, it had a higher net profit than silvopastoral and a lower net profit than agrihorticulture and agrihortisilviculture. ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371350,"RL ","2018-05-29","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S. (2016). Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India.. International Journal of Forest Usufructs Management, 17(2).","Journal article","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S.",2016,"Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India","International Journal of Forest Usufructs",2,"University of Horitculture and Forestry","India","N/A","The aim of this study was to identify the best landuse systems with high monetary gain and estimate the cost-benefit analysis of different land-use systems.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",8,"Land-use systems","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Benefit-Cost Ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Agrisilviculture had a higher C-B ratio than agriculture and forest.  It had a lower C-B ratio than all other agroforestry practices. ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371350,"RL ","2018-05-29","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S. (2016). Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India.. International Journal of Forest Usufructs Management, 17(2).","Journal article","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S.",2016,"Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India","International Journal of Forest Usufructs",2,"University of Horitculture and Forestry","India","N/A","The aim of this study was to identify the best landuse systems with high monetary gain and estimate the cost-benefit analysis of different land-use systems.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","India","Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",8,"Land-use systems","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net Profit","Quantitative","Positive","Silvopastoral systems had a higher net profit than agriculture and forest. Compared to other agroforestry systems, it was lower than the other agroforestry systems.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371350,"RL ","2018-05-29","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S. (2016). Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India.. International Journal of Forest Usufructs Management, 17(2).","Journal article","Rahul Singh, Bhardwaj D R, Pala N A, and Rajput B S.",2016,"Realizing the need of agroforestry based landuse systems for better economic yields in western Himalaya, India","International Journal of Forest Usufructs",2,"University of Horitculture and Forestry","India","N/A","The aim of this study was to identify the best landuse systems with high monetary gain and estimate the cost-benefit analysis of different land-use systems.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","India","Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",8,"Land-use systems","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Benefit-Cost Ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Silvopastoral systems had a higher C-B ratio than agriculture and forest. It was also higher than all other agroforestry systems measured. ","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[4143,"RL ","2018-06-09","Abiola M.O. & Omidiji D.A. & Umeh D.N. & Edewor S.A. & Adegoke A.O. (2015). Comparative analysis of the poverty and profitability status of adopters and non-adopters of sustainable taungya farming in ogun state. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 39(3), 9-19.","Journal article","Abiola M.O. & Omidiji D.A. & Umeh D.N. & Edewor S.A. & Adegoke A.O.",2015,"Comparative Analysis of the Poverty and Profitability of Adopters and Non-Adopters of Sustainble Taungya Farming in Ogun State"," Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences",39,"Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","This paper investigates the comparative analysis of the poverty and profitability status of adopters and non-adopters of sustainable taungya farming in Ogun State, Nigeria.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Ogun State","Sub-tropical","None",160,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","All","Total revenue, net profit","Quantitative","Positive","Adopters of agroforestry practices had a higher total revenue and net profit than non-adopters. This difference was significant.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[4143,"RL ","2018-06-09","Abiola M.O. & Omidiji D.A. & Umeh D.N. & Edewor S.A. & Adegoke A.O. (2015). Comparative analysis of the poverty and profitability status of adopters and non-adopters of sustainable taungya farming in ogun state. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 39(3), 9-19.","Journal article","Abiola M.O. & Omidiji D.A. & Umeh D.N. & Edewor S.A. & Adegoke A.O.",2015,"Comparative Analysis of the Poverty and Profitability of Adopters and Non-Adopters of Sustainble Taungya Farming in Ogun State"," Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences",39,"Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria","Nigeria","N/A","This paper investigates the comparative analysis of the poverty and profitability status of adopters and non-adopters of sustainable taungya farming in Ogun State, Nigeria.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nigeria","Ogun State","Sub-tropical","None",160,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","All","Poverty incidence","Quantitative","Positive","Results showed that poverty incidence was highest among non-adopters, implying that farmers adopting taungya farming system are better off in terms of welfare than farmers that are not adopting.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[4141,"RL ","2018-06-11","Nkonya, E., Pender, J., Kaizzi, K. (2006). The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda. International Association of Agricultural Economists, 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia. ","Conference proceeding","Nkonya, E., Pender, J., Kaizzi, K. ",2006,"The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda. ","International Association of Agricultural Economists conference, Gold Coast, Australia, August 12-18, 2006","Not applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","N/A","The main objective of this study was to analyze the impacts of different aspects of poverty on land management practices, crop productivity, and measures of land degradation. They also investigate the impacts of land management decisions (including agroforestry) on the value of crop production per acre, quantifying some of the linkages from land management to poverty.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Uganda","Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS)","Tropical","None",851,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","All","Crop production per acre","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry significantly increases the value of crop production.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[4141,"RL ","2018-06-11","Nkonya, E., Pender, J., Kaizzi, K. (2006). The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda. International Association of Agricultural Economists, 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia. ","Conference proceeding","Nkonya, E., Pender, J., Kaizzi, K. ",2006,"The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda. ","International Association of Agricultural Economists conference, Gold Coast, Australia, August 12-18, 2006","Not applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","N/A","The main objective of this study was to analyze the impacts of different aspects of poverty on land management practices, crop productivity, and measures of land degradation. They also investigate the impacts of land management decisions (including agroforestry) on the value of crop production per acre, quantifying some of the linkages from land management to poverty.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Uganda","Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS)","Tropical","None",851,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","All","Soil erosion","Quantitative","Positive","Soil erosion was less on plots where agroforestry is practiced.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[4141,"RL ","2018-06-11","Nkonya, E., Pender, J., Kaizzi, K. (2006). The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda. International Association of Agricultural Economists, 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia. ","Conference proceeding","Nkonya, E., Pender, J., Kaizzi, K. ",2006,"The Influence of Asset and Access Poverty on Crop Production and Land Degradation in Uganda. ","International Association of Agricultural Economists conference, Gold Coast, Australia, August 12-18, 2006","Not applicable","International Food Policy Research Institute","United States","N/A","The main objective of this study was to analyze the impacts of different aspects of poverty on land management practices, crop productivity, and measures of land degradation. They also investigate the impacts of land management decisions (including agroforestry) on the value of crop production per acre, quantifying some of the linkages from land management to poverty.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Uganda","Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS)","Tropical","None",851,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","All","Soil nutrient balance","Quantitative","Positive","Soil nutrient balances were more favorable on plots with agroforestry.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380702,"RL ","2018-06-11","Neupane, R.P., and Thapa, G.B. (2003). Agroforestry interventions for improving the livelihoods of subsistence households in the hills of Nepal. In Mountain Agriculture in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region: Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Kathmandu, Nepal on 21-24 May, 2001. Kathamndu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD).","Conference proceeding","Neupane, R.P., and Thapa, G.B. ",2003,"Agroforestry interventions for improving the livelihoods of subsistence households in the hills of Nepal","Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Kathmandu, Nepal on 21-24 May, 2003","Not applicable","School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","This paper assesses the potential role of agroforestry in promoting sustainable livelihoods in marginal mountain farms under the agroforestry project initiated by the Nepal Agroforestry Foundation.","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Nepal","Kumpur, Salang, Nalang - Dhading district","Sub-tropical","None",18,"Soil samples","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry plots had higher organic matter, N, P, and K.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380702,"RL ","2018-06-11","Neupane, R.P., and Thapa, G.B. (2003). Agroforestry interventions for improving the livelihoods of subsistence households in the hills of Nepal. In Mountain Agriculture in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region: Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Kathmandu, Nepal on 21-24 May, 2001. Kathamndu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD).","Conference proceeding","Neupane, R.P., and Thapa, G.B. ",2003,"Agroforestry interventions for improving the livelihoods of subsistence households in the hills of Nepal","Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Kathmandu, Nepal on 21-24 May, 2003","Not applicable","School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","This paper assesses the potential role of agroforestry in promoting sustainable livelihoods in marginal mountain farms under the agroforestry project initiated by the Nepal Agroforestry Foundation.","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Nepal","Kumpur, Salang, Nalang - Dhading district","Sub-tropical","None",18,"Soil samples","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry plots had higher organic matter, N, P, and K.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
["32379060a","RL ","2018-06-11","Nikiema, A., van der Maesen, L.J.G., Hall, J.B. (2005). Woody species composition of Sudan savanna parklands in relation to rural land use gradients in Burkina Faso. In Nikiema, ed., Agroforestry parkland species diversity: uses and management in semi-arid West Africa (Burkina Faso). Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen Universiteit (Wageningen University).","Book chapter","Nikiema, A., van der Maesen, L.J.G., Hall, J.B.",2005,"Woody species composition of Sudan savanna parklands in relation to rural land use gradients in Burkina Faso","Agroforestry parkland species diversity: uses and management in semi-arid West Africa (Burkino Faso)","Not applicable","Centre National de Semences Forestieres","Burkina Faso","N/A","The objective of this study was to measure woody species diversity in protected forest, fallow land, and cultivated areas.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Burkina Faso","Provinces of Zoundweogo and Nahouri","Tropical","None",103,"Quadrats","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Woody species diversity, tree density, basal area","Quantitative","Negative","Species diversity (of trees), treen density, and basal area are lower in the parklands (agroforestry areas) than in the forest reserve.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
["32379060b","RL ","2018-06-11","Nikiema, A., Hall, J.B., van der Maesen, L.J.G. (2005). Comparing parkland species diversity in two eco-zones on the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso. In Nikiema, ed., Agroforestry parkland species diversity: uses and management in semi-arid West Africa (Burkina Faso). Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen Universiteit (Wageningen University).","Book chapter","Nikiema, A., Hall, J.B., van der Maesen, L.J.G.",2005,"Comparing parkland species diversity in two eco-zones on the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso","Agroforestry parkland species diversity: uses and management in semi-arid West Africa (Burkino Faso)","Not applicable","Centre National de Semences Forestieres","Burkina Faso","N/A","The objective of this study was to compare parkland woody species diversity to adjacent forest reserves.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Burkina Faso","Provinces of Sanmatenga and Zoundweogo","Tropical","None",4,"Sampling areas","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Woody species diversity, species number, Pielou equitability index, Shannon diversity index","Quantitative","Mixed","The forest reserve in the Suanian zone showed higher diversity than the parkland there while the Sahelian zone revealed the reverse.","No","Not Applicable","Not Applicable","Not Applicable"]
[32381488,"RL ","2018-06-11","Phiri R, and Akinnifesi F K. (2001). Farmers' perception of two agroforestry species and their contribution to soil fertility replenishment in Malawi. Agricultural technologies for sustainable development in Malawi. Proceedings of the first annual scientific conference held at the Malawi Institute of Management (MIM), Lilongwe, Malawi, 6-10 November, 2000. Lilongwe, Malawi: Department of Agricultural Research and Technical Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation.","Book chapter","Phiri R, and Akinnifesi F K. ",2001,"Farmers' perception of two agroforestry species and their contribution to soil fertility replenishment in Malawi.","Agricultural technologies for sustainable development in Malawi. Proceedings of the first annual scientific conference held at the Malawi Institute of Management (MIM), Lilongwe, Malawi, 6-10 November, 2000","Not applicable","SADC/ICRAF Agroforestry Project","Malawi","N/A","This study was conducted to evalute the on-farm contribution of agroforestry to soil fertility replenishment in maize-based cropping systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Malawi","Thondwe, Dzaone and Malosa Extension Planting Areas (EPA)","Sub-tropical","None",88,"Farmers","Gender - accessibility to farm resources","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize produced","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry plots produced more maize than the control plots.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381488,"RL ","2018-06-11","Phiri R, and Akinnifesi F K. (2001). Farmers' perception of two agroforestry species and their contribution to soil fertility replenishment in Malawi. Agricultural technologies for sustainable development in Malawi. Proceedings of the first annual scientific conference held at the Malawi Institute of Management (MIM), Lilongwe, Malawi, 6-10 November, 2000. Lilongwe, Malawi: Department of Agricultural Research and Technical Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation.","Book chapter","Phiri R, and Akinnifesi F K. ",2001,"Farmers' perception of two agroforestry species and their contribution to soil fertility replenishment in Malawi.","Agricultural technologies for sustainable development in Malawi. Proceedings of the first annual scientific conference held at the Malawi Institute of Management (MIM), Lilongwe, Malawi, 6-10 November, 2000","Not applicable","SADC/ICRAF Agroforestry Project","Malawi","N/A","This study was conducted to evalute the on-farm contribution of agroforestry to soil fertility replenishment in maize-based cropping systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Malawi","Thondwe, Dzaone and Malosa Extension Planting Areas (EPA)","Sub-tropical","None",88,"Farmers","Gender - accessibility to farm resources","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Reported benefits by farmers from the use of agroforestry technologies (sale of maize and firewood)","Qualitative","Positive","Farmers reported benefits from the use of agroforestry technologies - including the sale of maize and firewood, seed, and construction materials.","No","Not Applicable","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938501,"RL ","2018-06-14","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Journal article","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. ",2009,"Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia","Agrekon",48,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Rockefeller Foundation, Irish-Aid: Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP), Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), European Union","The objectives of this study are: (i) to compare the use of labour in agroforestry system with that of the conventional system, (ii) to assess the financial profitability and returns to investment in the two systems of production.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Zambia","Eastern Zambia","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Labor inputs (person-days/ha)","Quantitative","Negative","Over the five-year period, the aggregated quantity of labour used in agroforestry practices was lower than in fertilised maize fields.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938501,"RL ","2018-06-14","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Journal article","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. ",2009,"Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia","Agrekon",48,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Rockefeller Foundation, Irish-Aid: Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP), Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), European Union","The objectives of this study are: (i) to compare the use of labour in agroforestry system with that of the conventional system, (ii) to assess the financial profitability and returns to investment in the two systems of production.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Eastern Zambia","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Labor inputs (person-days/ha)","Quantitative","Negative","Over the five-year period, the aggregated quantity of labour used in agroforestry practices was lower than in fertilised maize fields.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938501,"RL ","2018-06-14","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Journal article","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. ",2009,"Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia","Agrekon",48,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Rockefeller Foundation, Irish-Aid: Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP), Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), European Union","The objectives of this study are: (i) to compare the use of labour in agroforestry system with that of the conventional system, (ii) to assess the financial profitability and returns to investment in the two systems of production.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Zambia","Eastern Zambia","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value ","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry practices were more profitable than unfertilized maize fields but less profitable than fertilized maize fields.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938501,"RL ","2018-06-14","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Journal article","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. ",2009,"Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia","Agrekon",48,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Rockefeller Foundation, Irish-Aid: Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP), Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), European Union","The objectives of this study are: (i) to compare the use of labour in agroforestry system with that of the conventional system, (ii) to assess the financial profitability and returns to investment in the two systems of production.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Eastern Zambia","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry practices were more profitable than unfertilized maize fields but less profitable than fertilized maize fields.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938501,"RL ","2018-06-14","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Journal article","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. ",2009,"Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia","Agrekon",48,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Rockefeller Foundation, Irish-Aid: Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP), Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), European Union","The objectives of this study are: (i) to compare the use of labour in agroforestry system with that of the conventional system, (ii) to assess the financial profitability and returns to investment in the two systems of production.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Zambia","Eastern Zambia","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Benefit-Cost Ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry practices had a higher benefit to cost ratio than subsidized maize with ferilizer.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938501,"RL ","2018-06-14","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Journal article","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. ",2009,"Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia","Agrekon",48,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Rockefeller Foundation, Irish-Aid: Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP), Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), European Union","The objectives of this study are: (i) to compare the use of labour in agroforestry system with that of the conventional system, (ii) to assess the financial profitability and returns to investment in the two systems of production.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Eastern Zambia","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Benefit-Cost Ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry practices had a higher benefit to cost ratio than subsidized maize with ferilizer.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32243900,"RL ","2018-06-17","McGrath DA Duryea, ML Cropper, and WP. (2001). Soil phosphorus availability and fine root proliferation in Amazonian agroforests 6 years following forest conversion. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 83(3), pp.271 - 284.","Journal article","McGrath DA Duryea, ML Cropper, and WP. ",2001,"Soil phosphorus availability and fine root proliferation in Amazonian agroforests 6 years following forest conversion","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",83,"School of Forest Resources & Conservation, University of Florida","United States","Inter-American Foundation, National Security Education Program and the Tropical Conservation and Development Program at the University of Florida","This study included four objectives. First, to determine how soil nutrient dynamics, especially that of P, are altered when native forest is converted to agroforest, soils from eight 6-year-old agroforests were compared to those of adjacent forests. Second, to determine if a P-limitation already threatened agroforesty sustainability, a root ingrowth bioassay was used on eight farms to measure fine root response to P microsite enrichment by agroforest and native forest plants. Thirdly, at the request of Brazillian farmers collaborating in this study, localized root proliferation by individual agroforesty species was examined as a component of potential interspecific competition. Finally, the impact of commerical plantation agroforest adoption by small farmers on native forest clearing was qualitatively examined through interviews and focus group discussions held with farm families.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Western Amazon Basin","Tropical","None",8,"Farms","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), pH","Quantitative","Positive","Exchangeable Ca and Mg were significantly greater int he agroforest soil, as was pH, resulting in a higher effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC). Exchangeable Ca, in particular, was nearly four times higher in the agroforests than in adjacent forests.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32243900,"RL ","2018-06-17","McGrath DA Duryea, ML Cropper, and WP. (2001). Soil phosphorus availability and fine root proliferation in Amazonian agroforests 6 years following forest conversion. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 83(3), pp.271 - 284.","Journal article","McGrath DA Duryea, ML Cropper, and WP. ",2001,"Soil phosphorus availability and fine root proliferation in Amazonian agroforests 6 years following forest conversion","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",83,"School of Forest Resources & Conservation, University of Florida","United States","Inter-American Foundation, National Security Education Program and the Tropical Conservation and Development Program at the University of Florida","This study included four objectives. First, to determine how soil nutrient dynamics, especially that of P, are altered when native forest is converted to agroforest, soils from eight 6-year-old agroforests were compared to those of adjacent forests. Second, to determine if a P-limitation already threatened agroforesty sustainability, a root ingrowth bioassay was used on eight farms to measure fine root response to P microsite enrichment by agroforest and native forest plants. Thirdly, at the request of Brazillian farmers collaborating in this study, localized root proliferation by individual agroforesty species was examined as a component of potential interspecific competition. Finally, the impact of commerical plantation agroforest adoption by small farmers on native forest clearing was qualitatively examined through interviews and focus group discussions held with farm families.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Western Amazon Basin","Tropical","None",8,"Farms","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil aluminum saturation","Quantitative","Negative","Lower aluminum saturation was observed in the agroforestry system than in the adjacent forest.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32243900,"RL ","2018-06-17","McGrath DA Duryea, ML Cropper, and WP. (2001). Soil phosphorus availability and fine root proliferation in Amazonian agroforests 6 years following forest conversion. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 83(3), pp.271 - 284.","Journal article","McGrath DA Duryea, ML Cropper, and WP. ",2001,"Soil phosphorus availability and fine root proliferation in Amazonian agroforests 6 years following forest conversion","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",83,"School of Forest Resources & Conservation, University of Florida","United States","Inter-American Foundation, National Security Education Program and the Tropical Conservation and Development Program at the University of Florida","This study included four objectives. First, to determine how soil nutrient dynamics, especially that of P, are altered when native forest is converted to agroforest, soils from eight 6-year-old agroforests were compared to those of adjacent forests. Second, to determine if a P-limitation already threatened agroforesty sustainability, a root ingrowth bioassay was used on eight farms to measure fine root response to P microsite enrichment by agroforest and native forest plants. Thirdly, at the request of Brazillian farmers collaborating in this study, localized root proliferation by individual agroforesty species was examined as a component of potential interspecific competition. Finally, the impact of commerical plantation agroforest adoption by small farmers on native forest clearing was qualitatively examined through interviews and focus group discussions held with farm families.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Western Amazon Basin","Tropical","None",8,"Farms","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil C, N, P, and soil organic matter","Quantitative","Neutral","Total C, N, P, and soil organic matter did not differ between the two systems.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936241,"RL ","2018-06-17","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. (2017). Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intensively managed coffee plantations. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 245, pp.32-42.","Journal article","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. ",2017,"Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intesively managed coffee plantations","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",245,"CIRAD, UMR System, 34060","France","CIRAD and Montpellier SubAgro under the framework of the PCP Agroforestry Systems with Perennial Crops","The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shade trees on coffee production, nitrogen dynamics, and soil conservation; provisioning, supporting and regulating services, respectively.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Costa Rica","Llano Bonito watershed, located in the Costa Rican Tarrazu region","Tropical","None",4,"Sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Yield estimate","Quantitative","Neutral","No single factor was significant in explaining the yield variations with shade treament within fields, sites, or year.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936241,"RL ","2018-06-17","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. (2017). Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intensively managed coffee plantations. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 245, pp.32-42.","Journal article","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. ",2017,"Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intesively managed coffee plantations","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",245,"CIRAD, UMR System, 34060","France","CIRAD and Montpellier SubAgro under the framework of the PCP Agroforestry Systems with Perennial Crops","The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shade trees on coffee production, nitrogen dynamics, and soil conservation; provisioning, supporting and regulating services, respectively.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Costa Rica","Llano Bonito watershed, located in the Costa Rican Tarrazu region","Tropical","None",4,"Sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Litter biomass","Quantitative","Positive","Litter biomass was significantly higher in the shade treatment than under full sun.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936241,"RL ","2018-06-17","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. (2017). Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intensively managed coffee plantations. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 245, pp.32-42.","Journal article","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. ",2017,"Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intesively managed coffee plantations","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",245,"CIRAD, UMR System, 34060","France","CIRAD and Montpellier SubAgro under the framework of the PCP Agroforestry Systems with Perennial Crops","The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shade trees on coffee production, nitrogen dynamics, and soil conservation; provisioning, supporting and regulating services, respectively.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Costa Rica","Llano Bonito watershed, located in the Costa Rican Tarrazu region","Tropical","None",4,"Sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Rainfall infiltration delay","Quantitative","Positive","The rainfall infiltration delay significantly increased with shade.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936241,"RL ","2018-06-17","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. (2017). Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intensively managed coffee plantations. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 245, pp.32-42.","Journal article","Meylan L, Gary C, Allinne C, Ortiz J, Jackson L, and Rapidel B. ",2017,"Evaluating the effect of shade trees on provision of ecosystem services in intesively managed coffee plantations","Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment",245,"CIRAD, UMR System, 34060","France","CIRAD and Montpellier SubAgro under the framework of the PCP Agroforestry Systems with Perennial Crops","The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shade trees on coffee production, nitrogen dynamics, and soil conservation; provisioning, supporting and regulating services, respectively.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Costa Rica","Llano Bonito watershed, located in the Costa Rican Tarrazu region","Tropical","None",4,"Sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Total soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N)","Quantitative","Neutral","No significant differences in total soil C and N wre found between shade and full-sun treatments.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938301,"RL ","2018-06-17","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B. (2010). Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras. ECOSPHERE, 1(1).","Journal article","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B.",2010,"Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras","Ecosphere",1,"Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University","United States","Rufford Foundation, World Bank-Bank Netherlands Partnership Program (BNPP), EcoAgriculture Partners, Guani Family Fellowship in Conservation Biology and a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to J.C.M.","The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bird and butterfly assemblages in an agricultural landscape in the Rio Copan watershed of western Honduras. This study also provides a systematic assessment of the relative influence of categorical and continuous habitat variables across a range of scales likely to be significant for birds and butterflies.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Honduras","Rio Copan watershed in the Copan Department of western Honduras","Sub-tropical","None",79,"Field sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird abundance and species density","Quantitative","Negative","Mean bird abundance and species density were highest in successional vegetation and somewhat lower in shade coffee and live fences.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938301,"RL ","2018-06-17","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B. (2010). Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras. ECOSPHERE, 1(1).","Journal article","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B.",2010,"Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras","Ecosphere",1,"Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University","United States","Rufford Foundation, World Bank-Bank Netherlands Partnership Program (BNPP), EcoAgriculture Partners, Guani Family Fellowship in Conservation Biology and a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to J.C.M.","The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bird and butterfly assemblages in an agricultural landscape in the Rio Copan watershed of western Honduras. This study also provides a systematic assessment of the relative influence of categorical and continuous habitat variables across a range of scales likely to be significant for birds and butterflies.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Living fences and shelterbelts","Honduras","Rio Copan watershed in the Copan Department of western Honduras","Sub-tropical","None",79,"Field sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird abundance and species density","Quantitative","Negative","Mean bird abundance and species density were highest in successional vegetation and somewhat lower in shade coffee and live fences.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938301,"RL ","2018-06-17","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B. (2010). Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras. ECOSPHERE, 1(1).","Journal article","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B.",2010,"Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras","Ecosphere",1,"Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University","United States","Rufford Foundation, World Bank-Bank Netherlands Partnership Program (BNPP), EcoAgriculture Partners, Guani Family Fellowship in Conservation Biology and a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to J.C.M.","The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bird and butterfly assemblages in an agricultural landscape in the Rio Copan watershed of western Honduras. This study also provides a systematic assessment of the relative influence of categorical and continuous habitat variables across a range of scales likely to be significant for birds and butterflies.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Honduras","Rio Copan watershed in the Copan Department of western Honduras","Sub-tropical","None",79,"Field sampling points","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird abundance and species density","Quantitative","Negative","Pasture with low tree density had more bird individuals and species per plot on average than pasture with high tree density.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938301,"RL ","2018-06-17","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B. (2010). Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras. ECOSPHERE, 1(1).","Journal article","Milder JC, DeClerck FAJ, Sanfiorenzo A, Sanchez DM, Tobar DE, and Zuckerberg B.",2010,"Effects of farm and landscape management on bird and butterfly conservation in western Honduras","Ecosphere",1,"Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University","United States","Rufford Foundation, World Bank-Bank Netherlands Partnership Program (BNPP), EcoAgriculture Partners, Guani Family Fellowship in Conservation Biology and a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to J.C.M.","The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bird and butterfly assemblages in an agricultural landscape in the Rio Copan watershed of western Honduras. This study also provides a systematic assessment of the relative influence of categorical and continuous habitat variables across a range of scales likely to be significant for birds and butterflies.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Living fences and shelterbelts","Honduras","Rio Copan watershed in the Copan Department of western Honduras","Sub-tropical","None",79,"Field sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Butterfly abundance and species diversity","Quantitative","Positive","Mean butterfly abundance and species diversity were highest in riparian forest and live fences (compared to pasture, pasture with high tree density, and successional vegetation.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32378181,"RL ","2018-06-17","Miranda T, Machado R, Machado H, and Duquesne P. (2007). Carbon sequestered in Cuban livestock production ecosystems and its economic assessment. Case study.. Pastos y Forrajes, 30(4).","Journal article","Miranda T, Machado R, Machado H, and Duquesne P. ",2007,"Carbon sequestered in Cuban livestock production ecosystems and its economic assessment. Case study","Pastos y Forrajes",30,"Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes “Indio Hatuey”, Central España Republicana","Cuba","N/A","The objective of this work is to quantify the carbon storage on silvopastoral sites and natural pastures and to determine the economic value of the carbon storage on each.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Cuba","Basic Unit of Cooperative Production (UBPC), Marti municipality","Tropical","None","Not specified","N/A","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon sequestration","Quantitative","Positive","The carbon stored by the silvopastoral system was higher, in all cases, than in the system of natural pasture.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936503,"SB","2018-05-14","Bohnert T ; Wenzel A ; Altenhovel C ; Beeretz L ; Tjitrosoedirdjo SS ; Meijide A ; Rembold K ; Kreft H ;  (2016). Effects of land-use change on vascular epiphyte diversity in Sumatra (Indonesia) BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 202, pp.20-29.","Journal article","Bohnert T ; Wenzel A ; Altenhovel C ; Beeretz L ; Tjitrosoedirdjo SS ; Meijide A ; Rembold K ; Kreft H ; ",2016,"Effects of land-use change on vascular epiphyte diversity in Sumatra (Indonesia)","Biological Conservation",202,"Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","This study compares epiphyte communities in four land use types: lowland rainforest, jungle rubber agroforest, oil palm monoculture, and rubber monoculture. ","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","lowlands of Jambi Province, central Sumatra\n(Indonesia)","Tropical","None",120,"plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Epiphyte abundance & diversity","Quantitative","Mixed"," At plot level, lowland rainforest, jungle rubber (agroforestry), and oil palm monoculture were statistically indistinguishable in terms of richness, diversity, and evenness but\nhad significantly higher values than rubber. Oil palm plantations had the highest epiphyte abundance, but lowest\ntotal species number of all systems. Furthermore, oil palm had distinct, fern-dominated epiphyte communities\nthat differed significantly from the other systems. In conclusion, the value of monocultural tree plantations of\noil palms and rubber trees for epiphyte conservation is very low. Jungle rubber, an extensively managed yet\nvanishing system, represents a refuge for epiphytes and could play a vital role in conserving epiphyte diversity,\nespecially of ferns and orchids. Non-orchid angiosperms, however, mainly occurred in forest and are thus most\nthreatened by forest conversion.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377525,"SB","2018-05-14","Catacutan D, Bertomeu M, Arbes L, Duque C, and Butra N. (2008). Fluctuating fortunes of a collective enterprise: the case of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL) in the Philippines.. Small-scale Forestry, 7(3/4), pp..","Journal article","Catacutan D ; Bertomeu M ; Arbes L ; Duque C ; Butra N ; ",2008,"Fluctuating fortunes of a collective enterprise: the case of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL) in the Philippines.","Small-scale Forestry",7,"World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Malaybalay City, Philippines","Philippines","ICRAF","This paper reports the initial results of a study to assess the effectiveness of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL). The main of purpose of ATSAL members was to harness collective will, skills,\ntalents and efforts in meeting five key objectives: (1) to collect and process high\nquality tree seeds to meet planting requirements for members’ tree farming and for\nthe markets; (2) to establish, develop and manage tree nurseries and plantations\nefficiently and cost-effectively; (3) to harvest, process and market logs and other\nplantation products and to provide wood for home consumption; (4) to train other\nfarmers in Lantapan and beyond3 in collection and handling of tree seeds, and the\nestablishment and management of tree nurseries and plantations; and (5) to conserve\nsteeply-sloping farmland through the application of low-cost, efficient soil erosion\ncontrol measures, employing independent or combined effects of grasses, shrubs\nand trees.","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Philippines","Bukidnon province of Mindanao","Tropical","None",1,"watershed","The issue confronting ATSAL was neither the lack\nof technical competence to produce high quality seeds, nor the lack of a market per\nse, but its organizational weaknesses.","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Cumulative sales value of agroforestry seeds","Quantitative","Positive","Sales of seeds increased farmer's income, but was variable and failed over time","Yes","Collective action","Theory of change","Framing the study"]
[32377525,"SB","2018-05-14","Catacutan D, Bertomeu M, Arbes L, Duque C, and Butra N. (2008). Fluctuating fortunes of a collective enterprise: the case of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL) in the Philippines.. Small-scale Forestry, 7(3/4), pp..","Journal article","Catacutan D ; Bertomeu M ; Arbes L ; Duque C ; Butra N ; ",2008,"Fluctuating fortunes of a collective enterprise: the case of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL) in the Philippines.","Small-scale Forestry",7,"World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Malaybalay City, Philippines","Philippines","ICRAF","This paper reports the initial results of a study to assess the effectiveness of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL). The main of purpose of ATSAL members was to harness collective will, skills,\ntalents and efforts in meeting five key objectives: (1) to collect and process high\nquality tree seeds to meet planting requirements for members’ tree farming and for\nthe markets; (2) to establish, develop and manage tree nurseries and plantations\nefficiently and cost-effectively; (3) to harvest, process and market logs and other\nplantation products and to provide wood for home consumption; (4) to train other\nfarmers in Lantapan and beyond3 in collection and handling of tree seeds, and the\nestablishment and management of tree nurseries and plantations; and (5) to conserve\nsteeply-sloping farmland through the application of low-cost, efficient soil erosion\ncontrol measures, employing independent or combined effects of grasses, shrubs\nand trees.","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Philippines","Bukidnon province of Mindanao","Tropical","None",1,"watershed","The issue confronting ATSAL was neither the lack\nof technical competence to produce high quality seeds, nor the lack of a market per\nse, but its organizational weaknesses.","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Observation of technical knowledge development","Qualitative","Positive","ATSAL perceived to transfer technical competence","Yes","Collective action","Theory of change","Framing the study"]
[31936478,"KN","2018-05-21","de Souza SEXF, Vidal E, Chagas GD, Elgar AT, and Brancalion PHS. 2016. \"Ecological outcomes and livelihood benefits of community-managed agroforests and second growth forests in Southeast Brazil\". BIOTROPICA 48(6):868-881.","Journal article","de Souza SEXF, Vidal E, Chagas GD, Elgar AT, and Brancalion PHS",2016,"Ecological outcomes and livelihood benefits of community-managed agroforests and second growth forests in Southeast Brazil","Biotropica",48,"University of Sao Paulo","Brazil","Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP #2011/02941-5) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial support, and PHSB thanks CNPq for a productivity grant (#304817/2015-5).","Compare agroforestry, secondary forests and natural forests as control on supporting livelihoods, vegetation structure and composition, and valued plants","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Sao Paulo State (South Eastern Brazil)","Tropical","None",16,"plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness","Quantitative","Negative","Species richness higer in natural forest, followed by secondary forest, and final I agroforestro system","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936478,"KN","2018-05-21","de Souza SEXF, Vidal E, Chagas GD, Elgar AT, and Brancalion PHS. 2016. \"Ecological outcomes and livelihood benefits of community-managed agroforests and second growth forests in Southeast Brazil\". BIOTROPICA 48(6):868-881.","Journal article","de Souza SEXF, Vidal E, Chagas GD, Elgar AT, and Brancalion PHS",2016,"Ecological outcomes and livelihood benefits of community-managed agroforests and second growth forests in Southeast Brazil","Biotropica",48,"University of Sao Paulo","Brazil","Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP #2011/02941-5) and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial support, and PHSB thanks CNPq for a productivity grant (#304817/2015-5).","Compare agroforestry, secondary forests and natural forests as control on supporting livelihoods, vegetation structure and composition, and valued plants","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Sao Paulo State (South Eastern Brazil)","Tropical","None",45,"people","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Number of times a product was mentioned as an important product in terms of income contribution during interviews","Qualitative","Uncertain","Agroforestry and Secomdary forests were the most cited ones","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936755,"KN","2018-05-21","Gonzalez-Zamora A, Esperon-Rodriguez M, and Barradas VL. 2016. \"Mountain cloud forest and grown-shade coffee plantations: A comparison of tree biodiversity in central Veracruz, Mexico\". FOREST SYSTEMS 25(1):.","Journal article","Gonzalez-Zamora A, Esperon-Rodriguez M, and Barradas VL.",2016,"Mountain cloud forest and grown-shade coffee plantations: A comparison of tree biodiversity in central Veracruz, Mexico","Forest Systems",25,"Universidad Autonoma de Mexico","Mexico","N/A","The objective of this work is to compare tree diversity and richness among one grown-shade coffee plantation (CAE) and two sites of montane cloud forests, one preserved (MCF1) and other perturbed (MCF2). We also develop an analysis of the importance of coffee plantations as a refuge of tree species, holding a potential role for conservation.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Coatepec-Xiico region, Veracruz","Tropical","None","1500 x 3 plots","m2","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree diversity","Both","Negative","Tree diversity is negative for agroforestry (higher diversity found in protected mountain cloud forest and the least in coffe agroforestry)","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936757,"KN","2018-05-21","Lawer EA, and Darkoh EL. 2016. \"Effects of agroecosystems on insect and insectivorous bat activity: a preliminary finding based on light trap and mist net captures\". TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 40(3):423-432.","Journal article","Lawer EA, and Darkoh EL.",2016,"Effects of agroecosystems on insect and insectivorous bat activity: a preliminary finding based on light trap and mist net captures","Turkish Journal of Zoology",40,"University for Development Studies","Ghana","Kumasi Center for Collaborative Research","This study investigated the effects of agroecosystems on predator–prey activities. Compre fallow land with 6 other agroecosystems (cocoa, teak, mixed plantation, palm oil, maize, cashew)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Ghana","Kwamang, Sekyere Central District of Ashanti Region","Tropical","None",128,"bats","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bat activity and insect activity","Quantitative","Positive","Rotational fallow showed higher bat activity than the others. Also, it showed high level of overall insect activity","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936631,"KN","2018-05-21","Marin L, Philpott SM, De la Mora A, Nunez GI, Tryban S, and Perfecto I. 2016. \"Response of ground spiders to local and landscape factors in a Mexican coffee landscape\". AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 222:80-92.","Journal article","Marin L, Philpott SM, De la Mora A, Nunez GI, Tryban S, and Perfecto I.",2016,"Response of ground spiders to local and landscape factors in a Mexican coffee landscape","Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment",222,"University of Michigan","USA","National Council of Science and Technology in Mexico (CONACYT), University of Michigan, NSF ","Compare cofee management (low shade and high shade) and its abiotic characteristics affect ground spiders richness, abundance and composition compared to natural forests.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Soconusco region, Chiapas","Tropical","None",37,"sites","Elevation (higher elevation, higher spider abundance and diversity)","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Ground spider abundance","Quantitative","Negative","Spiders were more abundant and rich in low shade coffee","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936522,"KN","2018-05-21","Neira DP. 2016. \"Energy efficiency of cacao agroforestry under traditional and organic management\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 36(3):.","Journal article","Neira, DP",2016,"Energy efficiency of cacao agroforestry under traditional and organic management","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",36,"Leon University and Universidad Estatal del Milagro","Spain and Ecuador","N/A","Compare traditional agroforestry, semi-technical agroforestry, monocrop technification, organix agroforestry for cacao production to determine the profitability of the techniques and measure the non-renewable energy dependance.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ecuador","Guayas","Tropical","None",43,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","ROI per hectare","Quantitative","Negative","Technified monocrop had better profitability than agroforestry options. Although, this comes with an offset of higher dependance of non-renewable energy.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936522,"KN","2018-05-21","Neira DP. 2016. \"Energy efficiency of cacao agroforestry under traditional and organic management\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 36(3):.","Journal article","Neira, DP",2016,"Energy efficiency of cacao agroforestry under traditional and organic management","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",36,"Leon University and Universidad Estatal del Milagro","Spain and Ecuador","N/A","Compare traditional agroforestry, semi-technical agroforestry, monocrop technification, organix agroforestry for cacao production to determine the profitability of the techniques and measure the non-renewable energy dependance.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ecuador","Guayas","Tropical","None",43,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","ROI (considering the use of non-renewable energy) per hectare","Quantitative","Positive","Organic agroforestry and agroforestry techinques have higher return on investment than technified monocrop","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936590,"KN","2018-05-22","Novais SMA, Macedo-Reis LE, DaRocha WD, and Neves FS. 2016. \"Effects of habitat management on different feeding guilds of herbivorous insects in cacao agroforestry systems\". REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL 64(2):763-777.","Journal article","Novais SMA, Macedo-Reis LE, DaRocha WD, and Neves FS.",2016,"Effects of habitat management on different feeding guilds of herbivorous insects in cacao agroforestry systems","Revista de Biologia Tropical",64,"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","Brazil","Federal University of Minas Gerais","Compare cacao traditional planting agroforestry (CTCS), compared to rubber agroforest and natural forest on herbivorous insect community","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Southeaster Bahia, Una municipality","Tropical","None",54,"traps","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Abundance and richness of herbivourous insects","Quantitative","Negative","Better insect diversity and richness in more diverse environments such as natural forest and CTCS than rubber agroforest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936481,"KN","2018-05-22","Nurinsiyah AS, Fauzia H, Hennig C, and Hausdorf B. 2016. \"Native and introduced land snail species as ecological indicators in different land use types in Java\". ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS 70:557-565.","Journal article","Nurinsiyah AS, Fauzia H, Hennig C, and Hausdorf B.",2016,"Native and introduced land snail species as ecological indicators in different land use types in Java","Ecological Indicators",70,"University of Hamburg","Germany","Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (Indonesian Institute of Science), Indonesian-German Scholarship Program, University of Hamburg, PSRC-GrantEP/K033972/1","Compare landuse types: primary forest, teak plantation bordered with primary forest, agroforest, teak plantation bordered by agroforest. On land snail species as ecological indicators","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Kendeng Mountains, Malang Regency, Esat Java","Tropical","None",40,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Abundance and richness of native land snails","Quantitative","Negative","Higher level of native land snails on native forest compared to agroforest. The opposite is observed on introduced land snail species, which is a sign of perturbed ecosystems. Plantations and agroforest plots bordering primary forest seem to help buffer the effects of introduced species and help native fauna.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936675,"KN","2018-05-22","Pagiola S, Honey-Roses J, and Freire-Gonzalez J. 2016. \"Evaluation of the Permanence of Land Use Change Induced by Payments for Environmental Services in Quindio, Colombia\". PLOS ONE 11(3):.","Journal article","Pagiola S ; Honey-Roses J ; Freire-Gonzalez J",2016,"Evaluation of the Permanence of Land Use Change Induced by Payments for Environmental Services in Quindio, Colombia","PLOS ONE",11,"World Bank","USA","Bank-Netherlands Partnership Program","PES intervention to promote silvopastoral techniques, measuring the impact after the intervention. ","No","Incentive provision","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Colombia","Quindío","Tropical","Difference-in-difference",99,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","No","Yes","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Increase in Environmental Service Index (ESI) per hectare, and the % increase in ESI ","Quantitative","Positive","There was a permanence of silvopastoral land use after the program, on some of the treatment and control groups. This assumes that they found benefits using this technique.","Yes","Introduction of silvapastoral technical assistance and monetary incentives would create a change in land use. Promoting silvopastoral use within households, they would realice of the economic and environmental benefits, and will keep it even after monetary incentives were over.","Theory of change","Framing the study"]
[31936752,"KN","2018-05-22","Prado MRV, Ramos FT, Weber OLD, and Muller CB. 2016. \"ORGANIC CARBON AND TOTAL NITROGEN IN THE DENSIMETRIC FRACTIONS OF ORGANIC MATTER UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MANAGEMENT\". REVISTA CAATINGA 29(2):263-273.","Journal article","Prado MRV, Ramos FT, Weber OLD, and Muller CB.",2016,"ORGANIC CARBON AND TOTAL NITROGEN IN THE DENSIMETRIC FRACTIONS OF ORGANIC MATTER UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MANAGEMENT","Revista Caatinga",29,"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso","Brazil","N/A","Organic carbon and total nitrogen of the light and heavy fractions of the surface organiza matter under natural forest, agroforestry 1, 2 and 3, a grazing area, and a silvipastoril system","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Estrela Farm, Rondonia","Tropical","None",6,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","The most diverse agroforestry system (system 2) had higher OC and TN than natural forest, indicating that a diversified agroforestry system improve effectively soil quality after deforestation","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936752,"KN","2018-05-22","Prado MRV, Ramos FT, Weber OLD, and Muller CB. 2016. \"ORGANIC CARBON AND TOTAL NITROGEN IN THE DENSIMETRIC FRACTIONS OF ORGANIC MATTER UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MANAGEMENT\". REVISTA CAATINGA 29(2):263-273.","Journal article","Prado MRV, Ramos FT, Weber OLD, and Muller CB.",2016,"ORGANIC CARBON AND TOTAL NITROGEN IN THE DENSIMETRIC FRACTIONS OF ORGANIC MATTER UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MANAGEMENT","Revista Caatinga",29,"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso","Brazil","N/A","Organic carbon and total nitrogen of the light and heavy fractions of the surface organiza matter under natural forest, agroforestry 1, 2 and 3, a grazing area, and a silvipastoril system","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Brazil","Estrela Farm, Rondonia","Tropical","None",6,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","The most diverse agroforestry system (system 2) had higher OC and TN than natural forest, indicating that a diversified agroforestry system improve effectively soil quality after deforestation","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936633,"KN","2018-05-22","Quazi SA, and Ticktin T. 2016. \"Understanding drivers of forest diversity and structure in managed landscapes: Secondary forests, plantations, and agroforests in Bangladesh\". FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 366:118-134.","Journal article","Quazi SA, and Ticktin T.",2016,"Understanding drivers of forest diversity and structure in managed landscapes: Secondary forests, plantations, and agroforests in Bangladesh","Forest Ecology and Management",366,"University of Hawai’i","USA","East-West Center, International Peace Scholarship, Lewis and Clark Fund for Exploration and Field Research, International Foundation for Science, Rufford Small Grants for Nature","Compare agroforest, monoculture and secondary forest in terms of vegetation structure, tree diversity and richness, and avian diversity and richness, and which abiotic factors affect this.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Bangladesh","Sylhet, northeastern Bangladesh","Tropical","None",54,"sample plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree diversity/richness and avian diversity/richness","Quantitative","Positive","Betel agroforest has better tree richness and diversity, and avifaunal richness than teak plantations, being better for conservation. Vegetation was equal or higher when compared to natural forest, and avifaunal was higher in natural forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936482,"KN","2018-05-23","Rimhanen K, Ketoja E, Yli-Halla M, and Kahiluoto H. 2016. \"Ethiopian agriculture has greater potential for carbon sequestration than previously estimated\". GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 22(11):3739-3749.","Journal article","Rimhanen K, Ketoja E, Yli-Halla M, and Kahiluoto H.",2016,"Ethiopian agriculture has greater potential for carbon sequestration than previously estimated","Global Change Biology",22,"Natural Resources Institute Finland","Finland","Academy of Finland","Comapre agroforestry, restrained grazing, and farmland terracing with control (traditional farming) in soil carbon sequestration.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ethiopia","Kobo (Amhara region) and Sire (Oromia region)","Tropical","None",23,"paired plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon soil stock","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry and restrained grazing showed clear improvements when compared to their control","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936514,"KN","2018-05-23","Sistla SA, Roddy AB, Williams NE, Kramer DB, Stevens K, and Allison SD. 2016. \"Agroforestry Practices Promote Biodiversity and Natural Resource Diversity in Atlantic Nicaragua\". PLOS ONE 11(9):.","Journal article","Sistla SA, Roddy AB, Williams NE, Kramer DB, Stevens K, and Allison SD.",2016,"Agroforestry Practices Promote Biodiversity and Natural Resource Diversity in Atlantic Nicaragua","PLOS ONE",11,"Hampshire College and UC Irvine","USA","U.S. National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), and the German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDIV) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services working group ","Comapre three land use types (agroforestry, pasture, and secondary forest) affect total plant species (cultivated and wild) diversity and soil properties","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Pearl Lagoon Basin","Tropical","None",32,"sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil fertility ","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforest systems had similar soil fertility when compared to secondary forests. Both are better than pasture.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936514,"KN","2018-05-23","Sistla SA, Roddy AB, Williams NE, Kramer DB, Stevens K, and Allison SD. 2016. \"Agroforestry Practices Promote Biodiversity and Natural Resource Diversity in Atlantic Nicaragua\". PLOS ONE 11(9):.","Journal article","Sistla SA, Roddy AB, Williams NE, Kramer DB, Stevens K, and Allison SD.",2016,"Agroforestry Practices Promote Biodiversity and Natural Resource Diversity in Atlantic Nicaragua","PLOS ONE",11,"Hampshire College and UC Irvine","USA","U.S. National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), and the German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDIV) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services working group ","Comapre three land use types (agroforestry, pasture, and secondary forest) affect total plant species (cultivated and wild) diversity and soil properties","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Pearl Lagoon Basin","Tropical","None",32,"sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Plant diversity","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforest systems had higher or equal levels of plant diversity, when compared to secndary forests. Both atr better than pasture.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374023,"KN","2018-05-23","Girma Z, Mamo Y, and Ersado M. 2012. \"Species composition, distribution and relative abundance of large mammals in and around Wondo Genet Forest patch, southern Ethiopia.\". Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 5(8):.","Journal article","Girma Z ; Mamo Y ; Ersado M ; ",2012,"Species composition, distribution and relative abundance of large mammals in and around Wondo Genet Forest patch, southern Ethiopia.","Asian Journal of Applied Sciences",5,"Hawassa University","Ethiopia","Department of Wildlife and Eco-tourism, and Hawassa University","Compare natural forest, plantations, wooded grassland and agroforestry habitat types for wild large mammals ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Southern Ethiopia","Tropical","None",30,"transects","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Large wild mammals diversity and abundance","Quantitative","Negative","Agroforestry had the least abundance and diversity of large mammal species","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374023,"KN","2018-05-23","Girma Z, Mamo Y, and Ersado M. 2012. \"Species composition, distribution and relative abundance of large mammals in and around Wondo Genet Forest patch, southern Ethiopia.\". Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 5(8):.","Journal article","Girma Z ; Mamo Y ; Ersado M ; ",2012,"Species composition, distribution and relative abundance of large mammals in and around Wondo Genet Forest patch, southern Ethiopia.","Asian Journal of Applied Sciences",5,"Hawassa University","Ethiopia","Department of Wildlife and Eco-tourism, and Hawassa University","Compare natural forest, plantations, wooded grassland and agroforestry habitat types for wild large mammals ","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Ethiopia","Southern Ethiopia","Tropical","None",30,"transects","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Large wild mammals diversity and abundance","Quantitative","Negative","Agroforestry had the least abundance and diversity of large mammal species","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376332,"KN","2018-05-26","Wang ChongYun, Meer P van der, Peng MingChun, Douven W, Hessel R, and Dang ChenLin. 2009. \"Ecosystem services assessment of two watersheds of Lancang River in Yunnan, China with a decision tree approach.\". Ambio 38(1):.","Journal article","Wang ChongYun, Meer P van der, Peng MingChun, Douven W, Hessel R, and Dang ChenLin. ",2009,"Ecosystem Services Assessment of Two Watersheds of Lancang River in Yunnan, China with a Decision Tree Approach","AMBIO",38,"Yunnan University","China","N/A","Compare 2 watershed adjacent areas for ecosystme services (protection, biodiversity, production expressed by ecosystem composition, soil types, landform features, human activities) through a decision tree method.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Fengqing River Catchment (Fengquing County) and Xiaojie River Catchment (Yunxian County), Yunnan province","Tropical","None",25,"sample plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Total basal area and canopy cover indicating soil protection","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforest tea increased total basal area and canopy cover compared to tea plantations","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938021,"KN","2018-05-26","Graefe S, Dufour D, Giraldo A, Munoz LA, Mora P, Solis H, Garces H, and Gonzalez A. 2011. \"Energy and carbon footprints of ethanol production using banana and cooking banana discard: A case study from Costa Rica and Ecuador\". BIOMASS & BIOENERGY 35(7):2640-2649.","Journal article","Graefe S, Dufour D, Giraldo A, Munoz LA, Mora P, Solis H, Garces H, and Gonzalez A.",2011,"Energy and carbon footprints of ethanol production using banana and cooking banana discard: A case study from Costa Rica and Ecuador","Biomass & Bioenergy",35,"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)","Colombia","FONTAGRO (Fondo Regional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria)","Compare 3 production systems (agroforestry in Costa Rica, organic banana, and traditional banana plantation in Ecuador) in terms of energy (etahnol production) from discards of Musa spp. The net energy balance and carbon footprint comparing these systems is of interest. Looks to quantify the economic benefit that farmers could obtain from this activity.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","Guayas and Chimborazo in Ecuador, not specified in Costa Rica","Tropical","None",100,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net energy balance considering all relevant statges of production including agricultural production, transport of biomass to processing plant, processing to ethanol. Net energy was calculated as the energy ethanol created - fossil energy consumed in production","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry had better net energy balance than the organic and traditional banana plantations","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938021,"KN","2018-05-26","Graefe S, Dufour D, Giraldo A, Munoz LA, Mora P, Solis H, Garces H, and Gonzalez A. 2011. \"Energy and carbon footprints of ethanol production using banana and cooking banana discard: A case study from Costa Rica and Ecuador\". BIOMASS & BIOENERGY 35(7):2640-2649.","Journal article","Graefe S, Dufour D, Giraldo A, Munoz LA, Mora P, Solis H, Garces H, and Gonzalez A.",2011,"Energy and carbon footprints of ethanol production using banana and cooking banana discard: A case study from Costa Rica and Ecuador","Biomass & Bioenergy",35,"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)","Colombia","FONTAGRO (Fondo Regional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria)","Compare 3 production systems (agroforestry in Costa Rica, organic banana, and traditional banana plantation in Ecuador) in terms of energy (etahnol production) from discards of Musa spp. The net energy balance and carbon footprint comparing these systems is of interest. Looks to quantify the economic benefit that farmers could obtain from this activity.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ecuador","Guayas and Chimborazo in Ecuador, not specified in Costa Rica","Tropical","None",100,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net energy balance considering all relevant statges of production including agricultural production, transport of biomass to processing plant, processing to ethanol. Net energy was calculated as the energy ethanol created - fossil energy consumed in production","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry had better net energy balance than the organic and traditional banana plantations","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937345,"KN","2018-05-26","Guimaraes GP, Mendona ED, Passos RR, and Andrade FV. 2014. \"SOIL AGGREGATION AND ORGANIC CARBON OF OXISOLS UNDER COFFEE IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS\". REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO SOLO 38(1):278-287.","Journal article","Guimaraes GP, Mendona ED, Passos RR, and Andrade FV.",2014,"SOIL AGGREGATION AND ORGANIC CARBON OF OXISOLS UNDER COFFEE IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS","Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Do solo",38,"Federal Institute of Espírito Santo","Brazil","Espirito Santo Research Foundation","Asses impacts of organic and agroforestry coffee production systems on soil physical properties","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Caparao, Espiritu Santo","Tropical","None",60,"soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil aggregation and organic carbon content","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry systems had better soil aggregation than convetional coffee. Organic carbon levels in soil are higher in organic agroforestry systems than traditional system and secondary forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373137,"KN","2018-05-26","Guimaraes G P, Mendonca E de S, Passos R R, and Andrade F V. 2014. \"Stocks and oxidizable fractions of soil organic matter organic coffee agroforestry systems.\". Coffee Science 9(1):.","Journal article","Guimaraes G P, Mendonca E de S, Passos R R, and Andrade F V. ",2014,"Stocks and oxidizable fractions of soil organic matter organic coffee agroforestry systems.","Coffee Science",9,"Federal Institute of Espírito Santo","Brazil","Espirito Santo Research Foundation","Evaluate the impact of coffee production under organic and agroforestry systems on C and N stock and degree of organic C oxidation","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Caparao, Espiritu Santo","Tropical","None",60,"soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon and nitrogen stocks","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry systems had higher C and N soil content than full sun coffee systems","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936743,"KN","2018-05-26","Watanabe R, Figueiredo GC, da Silva AP, Neves JCL, and de Oliveira TS. 2016. \"Physical quality of a Luvisol under agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region, Brazil\". SOIL RESEARCH 54(4):430-439.","Journal article","Watanabe R, Figueiredo GC, da Silva AP, Neves JCL, and de Oliveira TS.",2016,"Physical quality of a Luvisol under agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region, Brazil","Soil Research",54,"Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)","Brazil","National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","Evaluate the degree of compaction and the compression behaviour of a Luvisol under agro-silvopastoral, silvopastoral and natural vegetation systems.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Not specified","Brazil","Fazenda Crioula Farm, Sobral, Ceara","Tropical","None",15,"soil samples","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil compression and compactness","Quantitative","Neutral","No significant differences across systems","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936743,"KN","2018-05-26","Watanabe R, Figueiredo GC, da Silva AP, Neves JCL, and de Oliveira TS. 2016. \"Physical quality of a Luvisol under agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region, Brazil\". SOIL RESEARCH 54(4):430-439.","Journal article","Watanabe R, Figueiredo GC, da Silva AP, Neves JCL, and de Oliveira TS.",2016,"Physical quality of a Luvisol under agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region, Brazil","Soil Research",54,"Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)","Brazil","National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","Evaluate the degree of compaction and the compression behaviour of a Luvisol under agro-silvopastoral, silvopastoral and natural vegetation systems.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Not specified","Brazil","Fazenda Crioula Farm, Sobral, Ceara","Tropical","None",15,"soil samples","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil compression and compactness","Quantitative","Neutral","No significant differences across systems","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938266,"KN","2018-05-26","Williams-Guillen K, and Perfecto I. 2010. \"Effects of Agricultural Intensification on the Assemblage of Leaf-Nosed Bats (Phyllostomidae) in a Coffee Landscape in Chiapas, Mexico\". BIOTROPICA 42(5):605-613.","Journal article","Williams-Guillen K, and Perfecto I.",2010,"Effects of Agricultural Intensification on the Assemblage of Leaf-Nosed Bats (Phyllostomidae) in a Coffee Landscape in Chiapas, Mexico","Biotropica",42,"University of Michigan","USA","NSF, Bat Conservation International","Evaluate phillostomid bat diversity among 4 landuse types: forest fragments, low managemnet coffee (traditional polyculture), moderate management coffee (commercial polyculture), high management coffee (shade monoculture)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Soconusco, Chiapas","Tropical","None",3167,"phyllostomid bats","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bat diversity","Quantitative","Positive","Less intensive agroforests have higher abundance of bats than intensive managed farms like monocultures.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379228,"KN","2018-05-28","Wollenberg E, and Nawir A A. 2005. \"Turning straw into gold: specialization among damar agroforest farmers in Pesisir, Sumatra.\". Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods 15(4):.","Journal article","Wollenberg E, and Nawir A A.",2005,"Turning straw into gold: specialization among damar agroforest farmers in Pesisir, Sumatra.","Forest, Trees and Livelihoods",15,"Center for International Forestry Research","Indonesia","N/A","Compare income from different sources (including agroforestry) for local people and help maintain values of the forest","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Indonesia","Pesisir area of West Lampung, Sumatra","Tropical","None",223,"households","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Cash income and in-kind income","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforest dependent households had slightly higher average income than those who did not have income from agroforests","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936255,"KN","2018-05-28","Wordley CFR, Sankaran M, Mudappa D, and Altringham JD. 2017. \"Bats in the Ghats: Agricultural intensification reduces functional diversity and increases trait filtering in a biodiversity hotspot in India\". BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 210:48-55.","Journal article","Wordley CFR, Sankaran M, Mudappa D, and Altringham JD.",2017,"Bats in the Ghats: Agricultural intensification reduces functional diversity and increases trait filtering in a biodiversity hotspot in India","Biological Conservation",210,"University of Leeds","UK","Natural Environment Research Council, British Ecological Society, University of Leeds, UK India Education and Research Initiative","But functional diversity in different habitats (protected forests, forest fragments, shade coffee plantations, tea plantations)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Valàrai plateau, south western ghats","Tropical","None",35,"sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bat diversity","Quantitative","Mixed","Bat diversity is higher in coffee agroforest habitat when compared to tree plantations, but it is lower when compared to primary. Diveristy is similar than in secondary forests.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937164,"KN","2018-05-29","Cornwell E. 2014. \"Effects of different agricultural systems on soil quality in Northern Limon province, Costa Rica\". REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL 62(3):887-897.","Journal article","Cornwell E.",2014,"Effects of different agricultural systems on soil quality in Northern Limon province, Costa Rica","Revista de Biologia Tropical",62,"Saint Olaf College","USA","Associated Colleges of the Midwest Costa Rica, Hugo Hermelink","Compare physical, biological and chemical soil quality indicators of caco agroforestry, banana monoculture, pinapple monoculture, pasture, and primary forest.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","Limon Province","Tropical","None",18,"soil samples per ecosystem","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil quality (bulk density, carbon, N, P, and earthworms)","Quantitative","Mixed","Agoforest is better than monocrop, but natural forest is better than agroforest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936419,"KN","2018-05-29","Wood SLR, Rhemtulla JM, and Coomes OT. 2017. \"Cropping history trumps fallow duration in long-term soil and vegetation dynamics of shifting cultivation systems\". ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 27(2):519-531.","Journal article","Wood SLR, Rhemtulla JM, and Coomes OT",2017,"Cropping history trumps fallow duration in long-term soil and vegetation dynamics of shifting cultivation systems","Ecological Applications",27,"Columbia University, McGill University","Canada, USA","Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Fond Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies, Global Environmental Climate Change Center at McGill University","Examine the effects of fallow duration, cropping duration, number of cultivation cycles and years since intitial clearing, and distance to primary forest on soil fertility, biomass accumulation,and tree diversity.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Peru","San Jose, Iquitos","Tropical","None",48,"sites","N/A","Primary forest","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Biodiversity as species richness","Qualitative","Negative","Primary forest had more species richness than forest fallow","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371669,"KN","2018-05-29","Cunha J M, Campos M C. C, Gaio D C, Nogueira J S, Soares M D. R, Silva D M. P, and Oliveira I A. de. 2016. \"Fractal analysis in the description of soil particle-size distribution under different land-use patterns in Southern Amazonas State, Brazil.\". African Journal of Agricultural Research 11(23):.","Journal article","Cunha J M, Campos M C. C, Gaio D C, Nogueira J S, Soares M D. R, Silva D M. P, and Oliveira I A. de. ",2016,"Fractal analysis in the description of soil particle-size distribution under different land-use patterns in Southern Amazonas State, Brazil.","African Journal of Agricultural Research",11,"Federal University Amazonas","Brazil","FAPEAM and FAPESP","Compare agroforestry, sugar cane, cassava, pasture and natural forest on soil properties (fractal dimension mass of the distribution os particle sizes) and spatial variability of such fragmentation","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Humaita and Manicore, Southern Amazonas State","Tropical","None",5,"sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Fractal mass dimension","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry had the greatest fractal mass dimension than cassava, sugar cane, pasture and natural forest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936683,"KN","2018-05-29","Valencia V, Naeem S, Garcia-Barrios L, West P, and Sterling EJ. 2016. \"Conservation of tree species of late succession and conservation concern in coffee agroforestry systems\". AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 219:32-41.","Journal article","Valencia V, Naeem S, Garcia-Barrios L, West P, and Sterling EJ.",2016,"Conservation of tree species of late succession and conservation concern in coffee agroforestry systems","Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment",219,"Columbia University","USA","Earth Institute, El Coelgio de la Frontera Sur, Dept. Ecology, Evolution and Env Biology, Institute of Latin American Studies","Uncover the management processes that may explain variability in the proportion of trees of Conservatio Concern (CC) and late succession (LS)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Mexico","La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas","Tropical","None",41,"sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Diversity of trees","Quantitative","Negative","Natural forest had higher trees diversity than coffee agroforest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936683,"KN","2018-05-29","Valencia V, Naeem S, Garcia-Barrios L, West P, and Sterling EJ. 2016. \"Conservation of tree species of late succession and conservation concern in coffee agroforestry systems\". AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 219:32-41.","Journal article","Valencia V, Naeem S, Garcia-Barrios L, West P, and Sterling EJ.",2016,"Conservation of tree species of late succession and conservation concern in coffee agroforestry systems","Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment",219,"Columbia University","USA","Earth Institute, El Coelgio de la Frontera Sur, Dept. Ecology, Evolution and Env Biology, Institute of Latin American Studies","Uncover the management processes that may explain variability in the proportion of trees of Conservatio Concern (CC) and late succession (LS)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas","Tropical","None",41,"sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Diversity of trees","Quantitative","Negative","Natural forest had higher trees diversity than coffee agroforest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938942,"KN","2018-05-30","Van Bael SA, Bichier P, Ochoa I, and Greenberg R. 2007. \"Bird diversity in cacao farms and forest fragments of western Panama\". BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION 16(8):2245-2256.","Journal article","Van Bael SA, Bichier P, Ochoa I, and Greenberg R.",2007,"Bird diversity in cacao farms and forest fragments of western Panama","Biodiversity and Conservation",16,"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute","Panama","Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center","Comapre bird diversity between cacao agroforest and forest fragments close by.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Panama","Bocas del Toro","Tropical","None",200,"points","Dry/wet season","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird species richness and mean abundance of over-wintering birds","Quantitative","Positive","Bird species richness and abundance of over-wintering birds is higher in cacao plantations than in forest fragments","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon footprint","Quantitative","Uncertain","Commercial agroforest polyculture had the lowest carbon footprint, while unshaded monoculture had the highest carbon footprint. Unshaded monoculture was below shaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon stocks in vegetation","Quantitative","Positive","All agroforest systems had higher carbon stocks than unshaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Guatemala","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon footprint","Quantitative","Uncertain","Commercial agroforest polyculture had the lowest carbon footprint, while unshaded monoculture had the highest carbon footprint. Unshaded monoculture was below shaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Guatemala","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon stocks in vegetation","Quantitative","Positive","All agroforest systems had higher carbon stocks than unshaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon footprint","Quantitative","Uncertain","Commercial agroforest polyculture had the lowest carbon footprint, while unshaded monoculture had the highest carbon footprint. Unshaded monoculture was below shaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon stocks in vegetation","Quantitative","Positive","All agroforest systems had higher carbon stocks than unshaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","El Salvador","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon footprint","Quantitative","Uncertain","Commercial agroforest polyculture had the lowest carbon footprint, while unshaded monoculture had the highest carbon footprint. Unshaded monoculture was below shaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","El Salvador","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon stocks in vegetation","Quantitative","Positive","All agroforest systems had higher carbon stocks than unshaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Colombia","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon footprint","Quantitative","Uncertain","Commercial agroforest polyculture had the lowest carbon footprint, while unshaded monoculture had the highest carbon footprint. Unshaded monoculture was below shaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937152,"KN","2018-05-30","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B. 2014. \"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production\". AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34(4):887-897.","Journal article","van Rikxoort H, Schroth G, Laderach P, and Rodriguez-Sanchez B.",2014,"Carbon footprints and carbon stocks reveal climate-friendly coffee production","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",34,"UTZ Certified","Netherlands","Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.","How different  coffee production systems contribute to climate change through on-farm carbon stocks and carbon footprint. Comapre traditional polyculture, commercial polyculture, shaded monoculture, unshaded monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Colombia","Not specified","Tropical","None",116,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Carbon stocks in vegetation","Quantitative","Positive","All agroforest systems had higher carbon stocks than unshaded monoculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936544,"KN","2018-05-31","Mbolo MMA, Zekeng JC, Mala WA, Fobane JL, Chimi C, Ngavounsia T, Nyako CM, Menyene LFE, and Tamanjong YV. 2016. \"The role of cocoa agroforestry systems in conserving forest tree diversity in the Central region of Cameroon\". AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS 90(4):577-590.","Journal article","Mbolo MMA, Zekeng JC, Mala WA, Fobane JL, Chimi C, Ngavounsia T, Nyako CM, Menyene LFE, and Tamanjong YV.",2016,"The role of cocoa agroforestry systems in conserving forest tree diversity in the Central region of Cameroon","Agroforestry Systems",90,"University of Yaounde","Cameroon","N/A","Characterize floristic richness and composition of cocoa agroforestry system and secondary forest, determine status of forest species conservation and compare ecological importance of forest tree species in cacao agroforestry","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Cameroon","Nkoltsit and Ossa, Okoa village, Mbankomo sub-division","Tropical","None",14,"sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness and diversity","Quantitative","Negative","Richness and diversity were higher in forests than agroforest plots","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374259,"KN","2018-05-31","Mutambara J, Dube I V, and Mvumi B M. 2012. \"Agroforestry technologies involving fodder production and implication on livelihood of smallholder livestock farmers in Zimbabwe. A case study of Goromonzi district.\". Livestock Research for Rural Development 24(11):.","Journal article","Mutambara J, Dube I V, and Mvumi B M.",2012,"Agroforestry technologies involving fodder production and implication on livelihood of smallholder livestock farmers in Zimbabwe. A case study of Goromonzi district.","Livestock Research for Rural Development",24,"University of Zimbabwe","Zimbabwe","N/A","Drivers of agroforestry adoption and impacts on livelihoods","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Zimbabwe","Chikwaka communal lands, of Mashonaland East Province","Tropical","None",55,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Farm incom/year","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry adopters had higher income than non adpoters","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374259,"KN","2018-05-31","Mutambara J, Dube I V, and Mvumi B M. 2012. \"Agroforestry technologies involving fodder production and implication on livelihood of smallholder livestock farmers in Zimbabwe. A case study of Goromonzi district.\". Livestock Research for Rural Development 24(11):.","Journal article","Mutambara J, Dube I V, and Mvumi B M.",2012,"Agroforestry technologies involving fodder production and implication on livelihood of smallholder livestock farmers in Zimbabwe. A case study of Goromonzi district.","Livestock Research for Rural Development",24,"University of Zimbabwe","Zimbabwe","N/A","Drivers of agroforestry adoption and impacts on livelihoods","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Zimbabwe","Chikwaka communal lands, of Mashonaland East Province","Tropical","None",55,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize output","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry adopters had higher maize output than non adpoters","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374259,"KN","2018-05-31","Mutambara J, Dube I V, and Mvumi B M. 2012. \"Agroforestry technologies involving fodder production and implication on livelihood of smallholder livestock farmers in Zimbabwe. A case study of Goromonzi district.\". Livestock Research for Rural Development 24(11):.","Journal article","Mutambara J, Dube I V, and Mvumi B M.",2012,"Agroforestry technologies involving fodder production and implication on livelihood of smallholder livestock farmers in Zimbabwe. A case study of Goromonzi district.","Livestock Research for Rural Development",24,"University of Zimbabwe","Zimbabwe","N/A","Drivers of agroforestry adoption and impacts on livelihoods","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Zimbabwe","Chikwaka communal lands, of Mashonaland East Province","Tropical","None",55,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Number of rumiant livestock","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry adopters had higher income than non adpoters","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243813,"KN","2018-05-31","Rojas L Godoy, C Hanson, P Hilje, and L. 2001. \"A survey of homopteran species (Auchenorrhyncha) from coffee shrubs and poro and laurel trees in shaded coffee plantations, in Turrialba, Costa Rica\". REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL 49(3-4):1057 - 1065.","Journal article","Rojas L Godoy, C Hanson, P Hilje, and L. ",2001,"A survey of homopteran species (Auchenorrhyncha) from coffee shrubs and poro and laurel trees in shaded coffee plantations, in Turrialba, Costa Rica","Revista de Biologia Tropical",49,"Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical","Colombia","N/A","Compare homopteran species richness and diversity among unshaded coffee, and 2 agroforestry coffee systems","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","Turrialba","Tropical","None",9,"sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Homopteran species richness","Quantitative","Positive","Higher homopteran species richness in agroforestry systems than shade coffee","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374708,"KN","2018-05-31","Roy B, Rahman M H, and Fardusi M J. 2012. \"Impact of banana based agroforestry on degraded Sal forest (Shorea robusta C.F. Gaertn) of Bangladesh: a study from Madhupur National Park.\". Journal of Biodiversity and Ecological Sciences 2(1):.","Journal article","Roy B, Rahman M H, and Fardusi M J.",2012,"Impact of banana based agroforestry on degraded Sal forest (Shorea robusta C.F. Gaertn) of Bangladesh: a study from Madhupur National Park.","Biodiversity and Ecological Sciences",2,"Shahjalal University of Science and Technology","Bangladesh","N/A","Compare plant diversity and soil from natural forest and banana agroforestry system. Know the benefits and drawbacks.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Bangladesh","Madhupur National Park","Tropical","None",50,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Plant abundance and richness","Quantitative","Negative","Plant abundance and richnesswas highest in natural forest than agroforest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374708,"KN","2018-05-31","Roy B, Rahman M H, and Fardusi M J. 2012. \"Impact of banana based agroforestry on degraded Sal forest (Shorea robusta C.F. Gaertn) of Bangladesh: a study from Madhupur National Park.\". Journal of Biodiversity and Ecological Sciences 2(1):.","Journal article","Roy B, Rahman M H, and Fardusi M J.",2012,"Impact of banana based agroforestry on degraded Sal forest (Shorea robusta C.F. Gaertn) of Bangladesh: a study from Madhupur National Park.","Biodiversity and Ecological Sciences",2,"Shahjalal University of Science and Technology","Bangladesh","N/A","Compare plant diversity and soil from natural forest and banana agroforestry system. Know the benefits and drawbacks.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Bangladesh","Madhupur National Park","Tropical","None",100,"samples","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil composition","Quantitative","Negative","Soil composition was better on natural forest than banana agroforestry. This is due to pesticide and indiscriminate use of chemicals","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372280,"KN","2018-06-01","Sharma L N, and Vetaas O R. 2015. \"Does agroforestry conserve trees? A comparison of tree species diversity between farmland and forest in mid-hills of central Himalaya.\". Biodiversity and Conservation 24(8):.","Journal article","Sharma L N, and Vetaas O R. ",2015,"Does agroforestry conserve trees? A comparison of tree species diversity between farmland and forest in mid-hills of central Himalaya.","Biodiversity and Conservation",24,"University of Bergen","Norway","Meltzer Foundation, University of Bergen","Compare tree diversity between farmland and forest","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nepal","Kabhrepalanchowk, Nuwakot, Gorkha, and Makawanpur districts","Multiple","None",54,"plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree diversity (# species) in plot and overall","Quantitative","Positive","Farmland had higher tree diversity than forest","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938219,"KN","2018-06-01","Shrestha RP, Schmidt-Vogt D, and Gnanavelrajah N. 2010. \"Relating plant diversity to biomass and soil erosion in a cultivated landscape of the eastern seaboard region of Thailand\". APPLIED GEOGRAPHY 30(4):606-617.","Journal article","Shrestha RP, Schmidt-Vogt D, and Gnanavelrajah N.",2010,"Relating plant diversity to biomass and soil erosion in a cultivated landscape of the eastern seaboard region of Thailand","Applied Geography",30,"Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","Asian Institute of Technology","Compare landuse types (annual monocrop, perennial monocrop, mixed crop, monocrop-rotational, intercrop) to assess plant diversity, and how plant diversity relates to plant biomass and soil erosion.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Thailand","Khlong Yai watershed","Tropical","None",75,"quadrats","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Plant diversity (Plant species richness)","Quantitative","Negative","Coconut-cassava intercrop had lower diversity than coconut monocrop. No statistical test to campare them","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379782,"KN","2018-06-08","Place F, Franzel S, Noordin Q, and Jama B. 2004. Improved fallows in Kenya: history, farmer practice, and impacts.. Washington, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute.","Discussion Paper","Place F, Franzel S, Noordin Q, and Jama B.",2004,"Improved Fallows in Kenya: History, Farmer Practice, and Impacts","ICRAF","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute, ICRAF","USA","N/A","Technical support offered and study the adoption/non-adoption of agroforestry. Part of the study measure the impact on yield and economic return of 3 different fallow types vs continuos crop. ","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Siaya and Vihiga Districts","Tropical","None",95,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize and beans yield","Quantitative","Positive","Significant increase in yield from the use of improved fallows compared with continuos maize cropping with no nutrient inputs","Yes","Technical advice leads to adoption of fallow, increasing returns from the field","Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators"]
[32379782,"KN","2018-06-08","Place F, Franzel S, Noordin Q, and Jama B. 2004. Improved fallows in Kenya: history, farmer practice, and impacts.. Washington, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute.","Discussion Paper","Place F, Franzel S, Noordin Q, and Jama B.",2004,"Improved Fallows in Kenya: History, Farmer Practice, and Impacts","ICRAF","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute, ICRAF","USA","N/A","Technical support offered and study the adoption/non-adoption of agroforestry. Part of the study measure the impact on yield and economic return of 3 different fallow types vs continuos crop. ","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Siaya and Vihiga Districts","Tropical","None",95,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Return to labor","Quantitative","Positive","Tephrosia fallow without fertilizers was the most economically attractive due to high economic returns than the other options. On a second group, crotalaria fallow was also the best choice","Yes","Technical advice leads to adoption of fallow, increasing returns from the field","Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators"]
[31937954,"KN","2018-06-10","Hegde R, and Bull GQ. 2011. \"Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis\". ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS 71:122-130.","Journal article","Hegde R, and Bull GQ.",2011,"Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis","Ecological Economics",71,"Horticulture Australia Limited","Australia","University of British Columbia, World Bank, CIFOR, International Development Research Centre","Measure the economic impact of a PES (agroforestry) intervention","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mozambique","Buffer zone of Gorongosa National Park","Tropical","Propensity score matching",290,"households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Consumption expenditure","Quantitative","Positive","Higher expenditure in households participating in the PES agroforestry project","Yes","Ecoomic benefits derived from tree planting on farm through increase of cash and employment","Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators"]
[31937954,"KN","2018-06-10","Hegde R, and Bull GQ. 2011. \"Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis\". ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS 71:122-130.","Journal article","Hegde R, and Bull GQ.",2011,"Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis","Ecological Economics",71,"Horticulture Australia Limited","Australia","University of British Columbia, World Bank, CIFOR, International Development Research Centre","Measure the economic impact of a PES (agroforestry) intervention","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mozambique","Buffer zone of Gorongosa National Park","Tropical","Propensity score matching",290,"households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Yield","Quantitative","Negative","Lower yield in households participating in the PES agroforestry project","Yes","Ecoomic benefits derived from tree planting on farm through increase of cash and employment","Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators"]
[31937954,"KN","2018-06-10","Hegde R, and Bull GQ. 2011. \"Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis\". ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS 71:122-130.","Journal article","Hegde R, and Bull GQ.",2011,"Performance of an agro-forestry based Payments-for-Environmental-Services project in Mozambique: A household level analysis","Ecological Economics",71,"Horticulture Australia Limited","Australia","University of British Columbia, World Bank, CIFOR, International Development Research Centre","Measure the economic impact of a PES (agroforestry) intervention","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mozambique","Buffer zone of Gorongosa National Park","Tropical","Propensity score matching",290,"households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Total value of forest products use (subsistance value)","Quantitative","Uncertain","Matching methods offered negative estimates but not significant","Yes","Ecoomic benefits derived from tree planting on farm through increase of cash and employment","Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators"]
[32243994,"KN","2018-06-10","Jain SK Singh, and P. 2000. \"Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh (India)\". AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS 49(3):255 - 273.","Journal article","Jain SK Singh, and P. ",2000,"Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh ","Agroforestry Systems",49,"Centre for Mangement in Agricultural Economics, Indian Institute of Management","India","N/A","Comparison of different stages of agroforestry plantations, as well as comparisons between agroforestry and agriculture, and agroforestry with and without the support of the Wimco program.","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Shahjahanpur district","Sub-tropical","None",176,"farmers","Crop type, lenght in years doing agroforestry","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Received Wimco assistance or not","Economic Cost and return (conventional costs and net (farm and non-farm) income)","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry at 12% discount rate without the project assistance was more profitable than agriculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243994,"KN","2018-06-10","Jain SK Singh, and P. 2000. \"Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh (India)\". AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS 49(3):255 - 273.","Journal article","Jain SK Singh, and P. ",2000,"Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh ","Agroforestry Systems",49,"Centre for Mangement in Agricultural Economics, Indian Institute of Management","India","N/A","Comparison of different stages of agroforestry plantations, as well as comparisons between agroforestry and agriculture, and agroforestry with and without the support of the Wimco program.","Yes","Market linkage facilitation","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Shahjahanpur district","Sub-tropical","None",176,"farmers","Crop type, lenght in years doing agroforestry","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","By crop and crop-tree mix","Employment generation","Quantitative","Positive","Employment generation was either equal or higher than agriculture","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243994,"KN","2018-06-10","Jain SK Singh, and P. 2000. \"Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh (India)\". AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS 49(3):255 - 273.","Journal article","Jain SK Singh, and P. ",2000,"Economic analysis of industrial agroforestry: poplar (Populus deltoides) in Uttar Pradesh ","Agroforestry Systems",49,"Centre for Mangement in Agricultural Economics, Indian Institute of Management","India","N/A","Comparison of different stages of agroforestry plantations, as well as comparisons between agroforestry and agriculture, and agroforestry with and without the support of the Wimco program.","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Shahjahanpur district","Sub-tropical","None",176,"farmers","Crop type, lenght in years doing agroforestry","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Environmental effects of farmers perceptions (No adverse impact to quality of soil, poplar enriched soil by furnishing organic matter content, did not affect water-table)","Qualitative","Positive","Majority of farmers mentioned no negative effects of agroforestry on soil, but a positive source for organic content","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243872,"KN","2018-06-10","Neupane RP Thapa, and GB. 2001. \"Impact of agroforestry intervention on soil fertility and farm income under the subsistence farming system of the middle hills, Nepal\". AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 84(2):157 - 167.","Journal article","Neupane RP Thapa, and GB",2001,"Impact of agroforestry intervention on soil fertility and farm income under the subsistence farming system of the middle hills, Nepal","Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment",84,"Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","Comaprison of agroforestry vs non-agroforestry soil fertility and cost-benefit, through an agroforestry project","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Nepal","Dhading District","Tropical","None",223,"farms","Time using agroforestry","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil composition (N,P,K,OM)","Quantitative","Uncertain","No significant effects found between agroforestry and non-agroforestry farms","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243872,"KN","2018-06-10","Neupane RP Thapa, and GB. 2001. \"Impact of agroforestry intervention on soil fertility and farm income under the subsistence farming system of the middle hills, Nepal\". AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 84(2):157 - 167.","Journal article","Neupane RP Thapa, and GB",2001,"Impact of agroforestry intervention on soil fertility and farm income under the subsistence farming system of the middle hills, Nepal","Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment",84,"Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","Comaprison of agroforestry vs non-agroforestry soil fertility and cost-benefit, through an agroforestry project","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Nepal","Dhading District","Tropical","None",146,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Bari and Khet (type of land)","Perception of soil fertility","Qualitative","Mixed","The proportion of farmers who viewed soil fertility increased or remained the same was higher among agroforestry farmers. While the proportion of farmers who thought soil fertility decreased was higher among non-agroforestry.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243872,"KN","2018-06-10","Neupane RP Thapa, and GB. 2001. \"Impact of agroforestry intervention on soil fertility and farm income under the subsistence farming system of the middle hills, Nepal\". AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 84(2):157 - 167.","Journal article","Neupane RP Thapa, and GB",2001,"Impact of agroforestry intervention on soil fertility and farm income under the subsistence farming system of the middle hills, Nepal","Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment",84,"Asian Institute of Technology","Thailand","N/A","Comaprison of agroforestry vs non-agroforestry soil fertility and cost-benefit, through an agroforestry project","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Nepal","Dhading District","Tropical","None",30,"farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","With and without sericulture","Cost-benefit","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry without and with sericulture are more profitable than agriculture alone","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938316,"SB","2018-03-07","Correia M, Diabate M, Beavogui P, Guilavogui K, Lamanda N, and de Foresta H. (2010). Conserving forest tree diversity in Guin,e ForestiSre (Guinea, West Africa): the role of coffee-based agroforests. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 19(6), pp.1725-1747.","Journal article","Correia M ; Diabate M ; Beavogui P ; Guilavogui K ; Lamanda N ; de Foresta H ; ",2010,"Conserving forest tree diversity in Guin,e ForestiSre (Guinea, West Africa): the role of coffee-based agroforests","Biodiversity and Conservation",19,"CIRAD, UMR System, Montpellier","France","French Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the Fonds de Solidarité Prioritaire project 2003-083","In the current deforestation context, agroforestry is increasingly considered in the tropical zone for its potential contribution to biodiversity conservation. In Guinée Forestière (Guinea, West Africa), coffee-based species rich agroforests are currently expanding on agricultural land around most villages. To assess the role these agroforests play with respect to biodiversity conservation, we compared their tree structure and diversity with those of a neighbouring natural forest.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Guinea"," three villages (Boo, Boussédou and Nienh) near the Ziama Protected Forest, Guinée Forestière","Tropical","None",80,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree species richness and diversity","Quantitative","Negative"," The structure of coffee-based agroforests showed obvious signs of farmers’ management: density of mature trees was significantly lower than in natural forest and most juvenile trees were eliminated and replaced by coffee trees. However, tree seedling density was not significantly different than in natural forest. Tree species richness and diversity were also lower than in natural forest but much higher than in any other agricultural or agroforestry land use system. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938671,"SB","2018-05-30","Geissen V, Pena-Pena K, and Huerta E. (2009). Effects of different land use on soil chemical properties, decomposition rate and earthworm communities in tropical Mexico. PEDOBIOLOGIA, 53(1), pp.75-86.","Journal article","Geissen V ; Pena-Pena K ; Huerta E ; ",2009,"Effects of different land use on soil chemical properties, decomposition rate and earthworm communities in tropical Mexico","Pedobiologia",53,"El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Administracion de Correos No. 2","Mexico","the Ministry of Agriculture of Tabasco (SEDAFOP)","The effects of land use on soil chemical properties were evaluated, and earthworm\ncommunities and the decomposition rate of three typical land use systems in tropical\nMexico, namely banana plantations (B), agroforestry systems (AF) and a successional\nforest (S) were compared","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","municipality of Teapa in the sierra region of the state of Tabasco","Tropical","None",22068,"Sites / Sampling plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Abundance and biomass of earthworm species; physical and chemical soil parameters ; litter decomposition","Quantitative","Neutral","They conclude that the intensive management of banana monoculture and agroforestry systems does not lead to a decrease in nutrient content or in litter decomposition rate in comparison with successional forests. Earthworm populations changed from native to exotic species. However, the diversity and species richness were higher in managed soils than in successional forests.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936896,"SB","2018-06-02","Greenler SM, and Ebersole JJ. (2015). Bird communities in tropical agroforestry ecosystems: an underappreciated conservation resource. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 89(4), pp.691-704.","Journal article","Greenler SM ; Ebersole JJ ; ",2015,"Bird communities in tropical agroforestry ecosystems: an underappreciated conservation resource","Agroforestry Systems",89,"Colorado College","USA","N/A","This study presents data on bird community composition in a preserved, late successional rainforest; an organic, shade-grown cacao plantation; riparian forests; and live fence systems in northeastern Costa Rica. This data is used to ask: (1) How do bird species assemblages differ among these agricultural habitats and the late-successional rainforest? (2) What families and guilds drive the differences in species assemblage among these habitats? ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","the Caribbean lowlands of northeastern Costa Rica, near Tortuguero National Park","Tropical","None",4,"Habitats (shade-grown cacao, live fences, riparian forest buffers, and preserved late-successional rainforest)","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness, number of migrant species, number of species in each diet guild, and number of species within each family","Quantitative","Negative","Rainforest contained the most species unique to a habitat although richness per point was lower than in agricultural habitats. Half, 31, of the rainforest species did not occur in other habitats, while 106 species, mostly those preferring open areas, occurred in agroforest habitats but not rainforest. While agricultural habitats had fairly similar species composition to each other as determined by distance in an ordination, each also contained significant numbers, 9–30, of unique species. While intact rainforest remains central to conservation of tropical birds, agricultural lands with substantial trees, e.g., live fences, riparian buffers, and plantations with shade trees, can support a high richness of birds. These avian communities are not simply subsets of the rainforest species but include substantial numbers of unique species. Conservation contributions of these lands to species richness and complexity should be considered in conservation, and trees in these habitats preserved.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936896,"SB","2018-06-02","Greenler SM, and Ebersole JJ. (2015). Bird communities in tropical agroforestry ecosystems: an underappreciated conservation resource. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 89(4), pp.691-704.","Journal article","Greenler SM ; Ebersole JJ ; ",2015,"Bird communities in tropical agroforestry ecosystems: an underappreciated conservation resource","Agroforestry Systems",89,"Colorado College","USA","N/A","This study presents data on bird community composition in a preserved, late successional rainforest; an organic, shade-grown cacao plantation; riparian forests; and live fence systems in northeastern Costa Rica. This data is used to ask: (1) How do bird species assemblages differ among these agricultural habitats and the late-successional rainforest? (2) What families and guilds drive the differences in species assemblage among these habitats? ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Costa Rica","the Caribbean lowlands of northeastern Costa Rica, near Tortuguero National Park","Tropical","None",4,"Sites","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness, number of migrant species, number of species in each diet guild, and number of species within each family","Quantitative","Negative","Rainforest contained the most species unique to a habitat although richness per point was lower than in agricultural habitats. Half, 31, of the rainforest species did not occur in other habitats, while 106 species, mostly those preferring open areas, occurred in agroforest habitats but not rainforest. While agricultural habitats had fairly similar species composition to each other as determined by distance in an ordination, each also contained significant numbers, 9–30, of unique species. While intact rainforest remains central to conservation of tropical birds, agricultural lands with substantial trees, e.g., live fences, riparian buffers, and plantations with shade trees, can support a high richness of birds. These avian communities are not simply subsets of the rainforest species but include substantial numbers of unique species. Conservation contributions of these lands to species richness and complexity should be considered in conservation, and trees in these habitats preserved.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936896,"SB","2018-06-02","Greenler SM, and Ebersole JJ. (2015). Bird communities in tropical agroforestry ecosystems: an underappreciated conservation resource. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 89(4), pp.691-704.","Journal article","Greenler SM ; Ebersole JJ ; ",2015,"Bird communities in tropical agroforestry ecosystems: an underappreciated conservation resource","Agroforestry Systems",89,"Colorado College","USA","N/A","This study presents data on bird community composition in a preserved, late successional rainforest; an organic, shade-grown cacao plantation; riparian forests; and live fence systems in northeastern Costa Rica. This data is used to ask: (1) How do bird species assemblages differ among these agricultural habitats and the late-successional rainforest? (2) What families and guilds drive the differences in species assemblage among these habitats? ","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Costa Rica","the Caribbean lowlands of northeastern Costa Rica, near Tortuguero National Park","Tropical","None",4,"Sites","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness, number of migrant species, number of species in each diet guild, and number of species within each family","Quantitative","Negative","Rainforest contained the most species unique to a habitat although richness per point was lower than in agricultural habitats. Half, 31, of the rainforest species did not occur in other habitats, while 106 species, mostly those preferring open areas, occurred in agroforest habitats but not rainforest. While agricultural habitats had fairly similar species composition to each other as determined by distance in an ordination, each also contained significant numbers, 9–30, of unique species. While intact rainforest remains central to conservation of tropical birds, agricultural lands with substantial trees, e.g., live fences, riparian buffers, and plantations with shade trees, can support a high richness of birds. These avian communities are not simply subsets of the rainforest species but include substantial numbers of unique species. Conservation contributions of these lands to species richness and complexity should be considered in conservation, and trees in these habitats preserved.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379229,"SB","2018-06-07","Kareemulla K, Rizvi R H, Kuldeep Kumar, Dwivedi R P, and Ramesh Singh. (2005). Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 15(4), pp.375-381.","Journal article","Kareemulla K ; Rizvi R H; Kuldeep Kumar ; Dwivedi R P; Ramesh Singh ; ",2005,"Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",15," National Research\nCentre for Agroforestry","India","ICAR under AP Cess Fund","A study of the economics of agroforestry systems with poplars was conducted during 2001-2003 in the western region of Uttar Pradesh in India in order to: document the types of poplar-based agroforestry systems practised, identify the reasons of farmers to adopt the systems, analyse the costs and benefits of the system vis-a-vis the other cropping systems, and assess the impact of agroforestry on employment. ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","India","Saharanpur district, Western Uttar Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",240,"Interviews","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value (NPV) ; benefit-cost ratio ; average net annual return","Quantitative","Positive","Both poplar-based agroforestry systems (bund system and agrisilviculture system) were more profitable than pure agricultural crop systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379229,"SB","2018-06-07","Kareemulla K, Rizvi R H, Kuldeep Kumar, Dwivedi R P, and Ramesh Singh. (2005). Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 15(4), pp.375-381.","Journal article","Kareemulla K ; Rizvi R H; Kuldeep Kumar ; Dwivedi R P; Ramesh Singh ; ",2005,"Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",15," National Research\nCentre for Agroforestry","India","ICAR under AP Cess Fund","A study of the economics of agroforestry systems with poplars was conducted during 2001-2003 in the western region of Uttar Pradesh in India in order to: document the types of poplar-based agroforestry systems practised, identify the reasons of farmers to adopt the systems, analyse the costs and benefits of the system vis-a-vis the other cropping systems, and assess the impact of agroforestry on employment. ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","India","Saharanpur district, Western Uttar Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",240,"Interviews","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value (NPV) ; benefit-cost ratio ; average net annual return","Quantitative","Positive","Both poplar-based agroforestry systems (bund system and agrisilviculture system) were more profitable than pure agricultural crop systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379229,"SB","2018-06-07","Kareemulla K, Rizvi R H, Kuldeep Kumar, Dwivedi R P, and Ramesh Singh. (2005). Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 15(4), pp.375-381.","Journal article","Kareemulla K ; Rizvi R H; Kuldeep Kumar ; Dwivedi R P; Ramesh Singh ; ",2005,"Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",15," National Research\nCentre for Agroforestry","India","ICAR under AP Cess Fund","A study of the economics of agroforestry systems with poplars was conducted during 2001-2003 in the western region of Uttar Pradesh in India in order to: document the types of poplar-based agroforestry systems practised, identify the reasons of farmers to adopt the systems, analyse the costs and benefits of the system vis-a-vis the other cropping systems, and assess the impact of agroforestry on employment. ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","India","Saharanpur district, Western Uttar Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",240,"Interviews","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net present value (NPV) ; benefit-cost ratio ; average net annual return","Quantitative","Positive","Both poplar-based agroforestry systems (bund system and agrisilviculture system) were more profitable than pure agricultural crop systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379229,"SB","2018-06-07","Kareemulla K, Rizvi R H, Kuldeep Kumar, Dwivedi R P, and Ramesh Singh. (2005). Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 15(4), pp.375-381.","Journal article","Kareemulla K ; Rizvi R H; Kuldeep Kumar ; Dwivedi R P; Ramesh Singh ; ",2005,"Poplar agroforestry systems of Western Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: a socio-economic analysis.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",15," National Research\nCentre for Agroforestry","India","ICAR under AP Cess Fund","A study of the economics of agroforestry systems with poplars was conducted during 2001-2003 in the western region of Uttar Pradesh in India in order to: document the types of poplar-based agroforestry systems practised, identify the reasons of farmers to adopt the systems, analyse the costs and benefits of the system vis-a-vis the other cropping systems, and assess the impact of agroforestry on employment. ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","India","Saharanpur district, Western Uttar Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",240,"Interviews","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net present value (NPV) ; benefit-cost ratio ; average net annual return","Quantitative","Positive","Both poplar-based agroforestry systems (bund system and agrisilviculture system) were more profitable than pure agricultural crop systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Propensity score matching",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","total maize yield,\nper capita maize yield, maize productivity","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The causal effect of the improved fallows on maize productivity was estimated at about 800 kg per hectare."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Propensity score matching",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","per capita maize income, per capita crop income","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The treatment effects on the adopters from\nswitching regression were generally lower than those from the matching strategies. For instance while the per capita maize income ATT was estimated at ZK509, 000 and ZK 487, 000 using the nearest neighbour and kernel matching strategies, the switching regression model gave an estimate of about ZK300, 000."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Propensity score matching",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","per capita maize income, per capita crop income","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The treatment effects on the adopters from\nswitching regression were generally lower than those from the matching strategies. For instance while the per capita maize income ATT was estimated at ZK509, 000 and ZK 487, 000 using the nearest neighbour and kernel matching strategies, the switching regression model gave an estimate of about ZK300, 000."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Propensity score matching",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","N/A","months per year a household has enough food","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The causal effect of the improved fallows on maize productivity was estimated at about 800 kg per hectare."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","total maize yield,\nper capita maize yield, maize productivity","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The causal effect of the improved fallows on maize productivity was estimated at about 800 kg per hectare."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","per capita maize income, per capita crop income","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The treatment effects on the adopters from\nswitching regression were generally lower than those from the matching strategies. For instance while the per capita maize income ATT was estimated at ZK509, 000 and ZK 487, 000 using the nearest neighbour and kernel matching strategies, the switching regression model gave an estimate of about ZK300, 000."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","per capita maize income, per capita crop income","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The treatment effects on the adopters from\nswitching regression were generally lower than those from the matching strategies. For instance while the per capita maize income ATT was estimated at ZK509, 000 and ZK 487, 000 using the nearest neighbour and kernel matching strategies, the switching regression model gave an estimate of about ZK300, 000."]
[31937383,"SB","2018-06-15","Kuntashula E, and Mungatana E. (2013). Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 87(6), pp.1229-1246.","Journal article","Kuntashula E ; Mungatana E ; ",2013,"Estimating the causal effect of improved fallows on farmer welfare using robust identification strategies in Chongwe, Zambia","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Pretoria","South Africa","the Collaborative Masters in Applied Agricultural Economics (CMAAE), PhD Fellowship programme ; The Centre for Environmental Economics Policy in Africa (CEEPA)","The purpose of this study was to estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare. The researchers used  used farm-level data collected in 2011 from a\nrandom cross-section sample of 324 small-scale farmers in Zambia to estimate the impact of improved fallows. Since the improved fallow is mainly used to promote maize production, the staple food in most parts of Southern Africa, welfare indicators used in this study included household total maize yield, per capita maize yield, maize productivity and per capita income emanating from the maize crop. In addition, we included income from all crops grown on the farm to assess the technology’s impact on this broad variable. The econometric methods’ estimates confirmed the positive impact of improved fallows on the chosen welfare parameters. However, conflicting evidence was obtained on whether the technology positively affects per capita crop income. The findings showed that without randomization there is a tendency to over estimate the impact of improved fallows on farmer welfare variables. Estimations from both the matching strategies (nearest neighbour and kernel) and endogenous switching regression model indicated that the technology has a positive and significant impact on the welfare variables.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Chongwe district of Lusaka province","Tropical","Endogenous switching regression",324,"Households (surveryed)","Household size ; farmland size ; croped land ; education ; marital status ; farming group membership","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","N/A","months per year a household has enough food","Quantitative","Positive","The adopters had significantly higher levels of per capita incomes, crop incomes and incomes from maize. In addition, the maize yields and maize productivity were higher than those of nonadopters. The adopters also had more months in which they were sufficient in home grown food and were wealthier in terms of assets than the non-adopters. On the other hand the non-adopters had more off farm incomes than the adopters. The causal effect of the improved fallows on maize productivity was estimated at about 800 kg per hectare."]
[31937044,"SB","2018-06-13","Marinaro S, and Grau RH. (2015). Comparison of animal biodiversity in three livestock systems of open environments of the semi-arid Chaco of Argentina. The Rangeland Journal, 37(5), pp.497-505.","Journal article","Marinaro S ; Grau RH ; ",2015,"Comparison of animal biodiversity in three livestock systems of open environments of the semi-arid Chaco of Argentina","The Rangeland Journal",37,"Instituto de Ecología Regional, Fac. de Cs. Naturales e IML, UNT. CONICET","Argentina","grant PICT 2006 #1693 and the CONICET (Argentine Research Council)","The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the diversity (Inverse Simpson index) of birds and mammals in three livestock systems in open environments (natural grasslands, sown pastures and silvopastoral systems); (2) to assess the patterns of similarity in community composition among the management systems (using non-metric multidimensional systems based on the relative frequency of species); and (3) to identify particular species that characterise each land-use system (through identification of indicator species). \n","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Argentina","northern Argentinian sector of the dry Chaco eco-region","Temperate","None",30,"Sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird diversity ; mammal diversity","Quantitative","Neutral","The three livestock systems included in this study did not differ significantly in measures of local diversity. Comparison of Inverse Simpson index among systems showed no differences in the diversity of birds and large- and medium-sized mammals. Overall, natural grasslands showed the highest number of associated species, and seem to be also the most distinctive system in terms of their biological communities. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374102,"SB","2018-02-22","Marwah S. (2012). Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 17(3), pp.275-282.","Journal article","Marwah S ; ",2012,"Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.","Jurnal Tanah Tropika",17,"Agriculture Faculty Haluoleo University","Indonesia","N/A","The objective of this study was to identify and classify agroforestry systems that were practiced by farmers, to study the effect of the agroforestry systems on soil properties, hydrological indicators, and erosion, as well as to analyze farm management feasibility of agroforestry systems to establish sustainable agriculture system.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Indonesia","Sub-Watershed of Konaweha Regency, Kendari","Tropical","None",15,"Plots","Slope; type of agroforestry","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Surface runoff, infiltration capacity, permeability profile and soil erosion","Quantitative","Negative","Forest had the lowest runoff and erosion, but the agroforestry systems had similarly low levels and erosion was less than tolerable soil loss values for every system at every slope except for one system at a very high slope (Agrosylvicultural-perennial crops on a 30 degree slope). ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374102,"SB","2018-02-22","Marwah S. (2012). Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 17(3), pp.275-282.","Journal article","Marwah S ; ",2012,"Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.","Jurnal Tanah Tropika",17,"Agriculture Faculty Haluoleo University","Indonesia","N/A","The objective of this study was to identify and classify agroforestry systems that were practiced by farmers, to study the effect of the agroforestry systems on soil properties, hydrological indicators, and erosion, as well as to analyze farm management feasibility of agroforestry systems to establish sustainable agriculture system.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Indonesia","Sub-Watershed of Konaweha Regency, Kendari","Tropical","None",15,"Plots","Slope; type of agroforestry","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Surface runoff, infiltration capacity, permeability profile and soil erosion","Quantitative","Negative","Forest had the lowest runoff and erosion, but the agroforestry systems had similarly low levels and erosion was less than tolerable soil loss values for every system at every slope except for one system at a very high slope (Agrosylvicultural-perennial crops on a 30 degree slope). ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374102,"SB","2018-02-22","Marwah S. (2012). Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 17(3), pp.275-282.","Journal article","Marwah S ; ",2012,"Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.","Jurnal Tanah Tropika",17,"Agriculture Faculty Haluoleo University","Indonesia","N/A","The objective of this study was to identify and classify agroforestry systems that were practiced by farmers, to study the effect of the agroforestry systems on soil properties, hydrological indicators, and erosion, as well as to analyze farm management feasibility of agroforestry systems to establish sustainable agriculture system.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Indonesia","Sub-Watershed of Konaweha Regency, Kendari","Tropical","None",15,"Plots","Slope; type of agroforestry","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil volume weight, index of aggregate stability, organic matter, porosity, pH, and total soil microorganisms ","Quantitative","Negative","Forest had the best soil properties, but the agroforestry systems had similarly good soil properties. Agrosylvicultural systems performed worse than agrosylvipastoral systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374102,"SB","2018-02-22","Marwah S. (2012). Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 17(3), pp.275-282.","Journal article","Marwah S ; ",2012,"Physical feasibility study of agroforestry farm systems to support sustainable agriculture in Konaweha sub watershed of southeast Sulawesi.","Jurnal Tanah Tropika",17,"Agriculture Faculty Haluoleo University","Indonesia","N/A","The objective of this study was to identify and classify agroforestry systems that were practiced by farmers, to study the effect of the agroforestry systems on soil properties, hydrological indicators, and erosion, as well as to analyze farm management feasibility of agroforestry systems to establish sustainable agriculture system.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Indonesia","Sub-Watershed of Konaweha Regency, Kendari","Tropical","None",15,"Plots","Slope; type of agroforestry","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil volume weight, index of aggregate stability, organic matter, porosity, pH, and total soil microorganisms ","Quantitative","Negative","Forest had the best soil properties, but the agroforestry systems had similarly good soil properties. Agrosylvicultural systems performed worse than agrosylvipastoral systems. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939476,"SB","2018-03-27","Mas AH, and Dietsch TV. (2004). Linking shade coffee certification to biodiversity conservation: Butterflies and birds in Chiapas, Mexico. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, 14(3), pp.642-654.","Journal article","Mas AH ; Dietsch TV ; ",2004,"Linking shade coffee certification to biodiversity conservation: Butterflies and birds in Chiapas, Mexico","ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS",14,"School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan","USA","The Latin American and Caribbean Study Program - the School of Natural Resources and Environment and the Horace Rackham Graduate School of the University of Michigan ; the Kalamazoo Audubon Society and NSF grant no. CEB-9981526.","This paper provides the first ecological evaluation and comparison of shade?grown coffee criteria used by major certification programs to link shade coffee certification to biodiversity conservation in Chiapas, Mexico. The paper evaluates 5 coffee agroforestry systems with varying management regimes which qualify for different shade coffee certification programs.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","the Paci?c side of the Sierra Madre mountain range in the Soconusco district of Chiapas","Tropical","None",28,"Sampling locations","Management regime ; shade quality certification program evaluation","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bird and butterfly diversity ; species richness ; certification program qualification","Quantitative","Negative","Species richness was higher in forest areas than any of the coffee agroforestry areas. The areas which qualified for more strict certification programs also resulted in higher biodiversity","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374750,"SB","2018-06-13","Matata P Z, Gama B M, Mbwaga A, Mpanda M, and Byamungu D A. (2011). Effect of Sesbania sesban fallows on Striga infestation and maize yield in Tabora Region of Western Tanzania.. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2(10), pp.311-317.","Journal article","Matata P Z; Gama B M; Mbwaga A ; Mpanda M ; Byamungu D A; ",2011,"Effect of Sesbania sesban fallows on Striga infestation and maize yield in Tabora Region of Western Tanzania.","Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management",2,"Tumbi Agricultural Research Institute","United Republic of Tanzania","the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Tanzania","The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of S. sesban improved fallows on Striga incidences, soil fertility improvement and maize yield. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Haiti","Magiri and Kigwa villages in Tabora district and Isanzu, Shila and Mhembe villages in Nzega district","Tropical","None",8,"Farmers' fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize yield","Quantitative","Positive","The application of S. sesban leafy biomass at 3.29 t ha1 and fertilizer application at 100 kg N ha-1 significantly (p<0.05) increased maize grain yield when compared to the control from 358 unfertilized (control), 1239 (fertilized) to 1366 kg ha-1 (S. sesban) in the third season. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374750,"SB","2018-06-13","Matata P Z, Gama B M, Mbwaga A, Mpanda M, and Byamungu D A. (2011). Effect of Sesbania sesban fallows on Striga infestation and maize yield in Tabora Region of Western Tanzania.. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2(10), pp.311-317.","Journal article","Matata P Z; Gama B M; Mbwaga A ; Mpanda M ; Byamungu D A; ",2011,"Effect of Sesbania sesban fallows on Striga infestation and maize yield in Tabora Region of Western Tanzania.","Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management",2,"Tumbi Agricultural Research Institute","United Republic of Tanzania","the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Tanzania","The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of S. sesban improved fallows on Striga incidences, soil fertility improvement and maize yield. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Haiti","Magiri and Kigwa villages in Tabora district and Isanzu, Shila and Mhembe villages in Nzega district","Tropical","None",8,"Farmers' fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil fertility and Striga infestation","Quantitative","Positive","S. sesban fallow reduced Striga incidences considerably from 10.8 counts/8 m2  of unfertized plots to 0.8 counts/8 m2 of S. sesban plots.  In the third year after cutting and incorporating the leafy biomass into plots, there was the highest reduction of about 88% in Striga infestation as compared to fertilized and unfertilized plots. Further, plots with Sesbania were observed to have relatively low weed growth particularly in the third season of Sesbania growth when the tree canopy completely covered the plot.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373036,"SB","2018-06-14","Matsui N, Songsangjinda P, and Wodehouse D. (2014). Longevity of simultaneous operation of aquaculture and mangrove forestry as explained in terms of water and sediment qualities.. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 22(3), pp.215-225.","Journal article","Matsui N ; Songsangjinda P ; Wodehouse D ; ",2014,"Longevity of simultaneous operation of aquaculture and mangrove forestry as explained in terms of water and sediment qualities.","Wetlands Ecology and Management",22," Kanso Technos Co., Ltd., Osaka","Japan"," Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., Japan","A silvofishery system (SFS) of 5.2 ha, simultaneously combining aquaculture (shrimp, crab, and fish) and forestry, was studied to understand how the water/sediment qualities had remained viable for 30 years. The long life of this SFS pond contrasts sharply with a short life of many conventional, intensively managed shrimp ponds (5 years on average). It is suggested that the efficient nitrogen removal due to the high denitrification rate as well as the reduced feed input from mangrove detritus substitution, have contributed to maintaining favourable water and sediment qualities, resulting in the longevity of SFS pond. The data used for the conventional system comparison was taken from another study by one of the same authors.","No","None","No","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Aqua-silvo-fishery","Thailand","Nakorn Sri Thammarat\nprovince","Tropical","None",2,"Fisheries","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Water quality based on sediment quality and nitrogen flux (pH, TAN, NO2, NO3, TOC, TON, TP, and acid volatile sulfide (AVS))","Quantitative","Positive","The longevity of this SFS (the mixed system of aquaculture and mangrove trees), which has been operated for over 30 years, was due to its more benign water/sediment qualities. In contrast, the short operational period of a conventional, intensively managed shrimp pond (5 years on average) is greatly affected by the deterioration of water and sediment qualities. 55 % of the total nitrogen input is estimated to be removed from the SFS pond through denitrification. This figure is quite high compared to a conventional, intensively managed shrimp pond (13.4 %). Thus the SFS pond is shown to remove accumulated nitrogen efficiently from the pond. Our SFS used only 10 % of the feed required by conventional, intensively managed shrimp ponds for the equivalent fisheries output. Such a feed saving was made possible by the presence of mangroves which provided organic matter and algae encouraged to bloom by the shallow water depth. Efficient removal of accumulated nitrogen together with low feed input are suggested to be the main reasons explaining the long life of this SFS.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373036,"SB","2018-06-14","Matsui N, Songsangjinda P, and Wodehouse D. (2014). Longevity of simultaneous operation of aquaculture and mangrove forestry as explained in terms of water and sediment qualities.. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 22(3), pp.215-225.","Journal article","Matsui N ; Songsangjinda P ; Wodehouse D ; ",2014,"Longevity of simultaneous operation of aquaculture and mangrove forestry as explained in terms of water and sediment qualities.","Wetlands Ecology and Management",22," Kanso Technos Co., Ltd., Osaka","Japan"," Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., Japan","A silvofishery system (SFS) of 5.2 ha, simultaneously combining aquaculture (shrimp, crab, and fish) and forestry, was studied to understand how the water/sediment qualities had remained viable for 30 years. The long life of this SFS pond contrasts sharply with a short life of many conventional, intensively managed shrimp ponds (5 years on average). It is suggested that the efficient nitrogen removal due to the high denitrification rate as well as the reduced feed input from mangrove detritus substitution, have contributed to maintaining favourable water and sediment qualities, resulting in the longevity of SFS pond. The data used for the conventional system comparison was taken from another study by one of the same authors.","No","None","No","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Aqua-silvo-fishery","Thailand","Nakorn Sri Thammarat\nprovince","Tropical","None",2,"Fisheries","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","Feed requirements","Quantitative","Positive","The SFS thus demanded only 10 % of the feed typically required in a commercial operation, in relation to the production output, representing a feed saving of 2,960 kg. This is attributed to the mangrove trees in this SFS providing organic matter as litter fall and the shallower water encouraging algae to bloom, which provided additional food sources. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373036,"SB","2018-06-14","Matsui N, Songsangjinda P, and Wodehouse D. (2014). Longevity of simultaneous operation of aquaculture and mangrove forestry as explained in terms of water and sediment qualities.. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 22(3), pp.215-225.","Journal article","Matsui N ; Songsangjinda P ; Wodehouse D ; ",2014,"Longevity of simultaneous operation of aquaculture and mangrove forestry as explained in terms of water and sediment qualities.","Wetlands Ecology and Management",22," Kanso Technos Co., Ltd., Osaka","Japan"," Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., Japan","A silvofishery system (SFS) of 5.2 ha, simultaneously combining aquaculture (shrimp, crab, and fish) and forestry, was studied to understand how the water/sediment qualities had remained viable for 30 years. The long life of this SFS pond contrasts sharply with a short life of many conventional, intensively managed shrimp ponds (5 years on average). It is suggested that the efficient nitrogen removal due to the high denitrification rate as well as the reduced feed input from mangrove detritus substitution, have contributed to maintaining favourable water and sediment qualities, resulting in the longevity of SFS pond. The data used for the conventional system comparison was taken from another study by one of the same authors.","No","None","No","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Aqua-silvo-fishery","Thailand","Nakorn Sri Thammarat\nprovince","Tropical","None",2,"Fisheries","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Removal of accumulated nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","55 % of the total nitrogen input is estimated to be removed from the SFS pond through denitrification. This figure is quite high compared to a conventional, intensively managed shrimp pond (13.4 %). Thus the SFS pond is shown to remove accumulated nitrogen efficiently from the pond.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374847,"SB","2018-04-15","Mauricio R M, and Sousa L F. (2011). Silvopastoral system, cerrado and tropical forest biome in Brazil: case studies.. FAO Animal Production and Health Proceedings, (11), pp.75-78.","Journal article","Mauricio R M; Sousa L F; ",2011,"Silvopastoral system, cerrado and tropical forest biome in Brazil: case studies.","FAO Animal Production and Health Proceedings",11,"Federal University of São João Del-Rei","Brazil","N/A","Silvopastoral Systems (SPS) – a combination of trees, forages and animals have been adopted as an alternative for sustainable animal production, consequently reducing deforestation and also promoting recovery of the Brazilian cerrado (Savanna). Two case studies are presented.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Brazil","Lagoa Santa city, Minas Gerais State ; Maranhao state","Tropical","None",2,"Case studies","Forest legislation ; management practices ; tree species selection","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Milk production ; beef production","Both","Positive","Case study 1 - The new system (SPS) increased the amount and quality of grass, increased milk production and also enhanced soil fertility. Case study 2 - The results demonstrated an increase of 20 percent in beef production per year and also a reduction of spittlebugs, Deois incompleta and Deois flavopicta (Hemiptera cercopidae), which usually devastate most of the pasture lands.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374847,"SB","2018-04-15","Mauricio R M, and Sousa L F. (2011). Silvopastoral system, cerrado and tropical forest biome in Brazil: case studies.. FAO Animal Production and Health Proceedings, (11), pp.75-78.","Journal article","Mauricio R M; Sousa L F; ",2011,"Silvopastoral system, cerrado and tropical forest biome in Brazil: case studies.","FAO Animal Production and Health Proceedings",11,"Federal University of São João Del-Rei","Brazil","N/A","Silvopastoral Systems (SPS) – a combination of trees, forages and animals have been adopted as an alternative for sustainable animal production, consequently reducing deforestation and also promoting recovery of the Brazilian cerrado (Savanna). Two case studies are presented.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Brazil","Lagoa Santa city, Minas Gerais State ; Maranhao state","Tropical","None",2,"Case studies","Forest legislation ; management practices ; tree species selection","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil fertility (potassium, base saturation) ; Pests","Both","Positive","Case study 1 - The new system (SPS) increased the amount and quality of grass, increased milk production and also enhanced soil fertility. Case study 2 - The results demonstrated an increase of 20 percent in beef production per year and also a reduction of spittlebugs, Deois incompleta and Deois flavopicta (Hemiptera cercopidae), which usually devastate most of the pasture lands.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374477,"SB","2018-06-13","Maurya B R, Ashok Kumar, Richa Raghuwanshi, and Vimal Singh. (2012). Diversity of Azotobacter and Azospirillum in rhizosphere of different crop rotations in eastern Uttar Pradesh of India.. Research Journal of Microbiology, 7(2), pp..","Journal article","Maurya B R; Ashok Kumar ; Richa Raghuwanshi ; Vimal Singh ; ",2012,"Diversity of Azotobacter and Azospirillum in rhizosphere of different crop rotations in eastern Uttar Pradesh of India.","Research Journal of Microbiology",7,"Banaras Hindu University ","India","Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research","Keeping in mind the importance of Azospirillum and Azotobacter as a biofertilizer to maintain the soil health, the present work has been done to determine the diversity of diazotrophic bacteria (Azotobacter and Azospirillum) in different crop rotation of different districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","different districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",4,"Cropping systems","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Microbial population diversity of Azotobacter ; Microbial population diversity of Azospirillum","Quantitative","Positive","The agroforestry based crop rotation showed to possess maximum population density of Azospirillum and Azotobacter. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243818,"SB","2018-06-13","McDonald MA Healey, JR Stevens, and PA. (2002). The effects of secondary forest clearance and subsequent land-use on erosion losses and soil properties in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. Agriculture, and Ecosystems & Environment, 92(1), pp.1-19.","Journal article","McDonald MA Healey, JR Stevens, PA; ",2002,"The effects of secondary forest clearance and subsequent land-use on erosion losses and soil properties in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica","Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment",92,"University of Wales","UK","United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID)","The objective of this study was to investigate the effects on surface runoff, soil erosion and soil properties of secondary forest conversion and alternative forms of subsequent use of steeply-sloping, montane, tropical land over a period of 5 years in a farmer-managed field trial. The extent to  which the net effect of forest conversion is due to the removal of forest cover (forest clearance) or to subsequent agricultural cultivation was assessed. The effect of agroforestry with contour hedgerows on overall rates of surface runoff, soil erosion and soil properties, and on the spatial distribution of soil properties (under- and between-hedgerows), was also investigated to assess its potential use as a means of providing a stable and sustainable agricultural system for sloping land.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Jamaica","The south-west slopes of the main ridge of the Blue Mountains in the catchment of the Green River, a tributary of the Yallahs River, near Cinchona, Westphalia, St. Andrew","Tropical","None",4,"Blocks consisting of four treatments, giving a randomized block design","Tillage and crop cover","Multiple","Randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Surface runoff ; soil erosion ; sediment yield","Quantitative","Mixed","Rates of surface runoff and erosion were consistently and significantly lower in the agroforestry than the agriculture treatment in all 5 years of the study indicating that the hedgerows must have greatly increased the rate of infiltration of water into the soil. Compared with the forest treatment, mean 1993–1997 runoff levels were increased by 360% in the agroforestry treatment, 460% in bare and 740% in agriculture. Mean runoff levels were significantly lower from agroforestry than agriculture. Agroforestry caused significantly lower levels of erosion than agriculture. Sediment yield was significantly greater in the three cleared treatments than the forest. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243818,"SB","2018-06-13","McDonald MA Healey, JR Stevens, and PA. (2002). The effects of secondary forest clearance and subsequent land-use on erosion losses and soil properties in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. Agriculture, and Ecosystems & Environment, 92(1), pp.1-19.","Journal article","McDonald MA Healey, JR Stevens, PA; ",2002,"The effects of secondary forest clearance and subsequent land-use on erosion losses and soil properties in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica","Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment",92,"University of Wales","UK","United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID)","The objective of this study was to investigate the effects on surface runoff, soil erosion and soil properties of secondary forest conversion and alternative forms of subsequent use of steeply-sloping, montane, tropical land over a period of 5 years in a farmer-managed field trial. The extent to  which the net effect of forest conversion is due to the removal of forest cover (forest clearance) or to subsequent agricultural cultivation was assessed. The effect of agroforestry with contour hedgerows on overall rates of surface runoff, soil erosion and soil properties, and on the spatial distribution of soil properties (under- and between-hedgerows), was also investigated to assess its potential use as a means of providing a stable and sustainable agricultural system for sloping land.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Jamaica","The south-west slopes of the main ridge of the Blue Mountains in the catchment of the Green River, a tributary of the Yallahs River, near Cinchona, Westphalia, St. Andrew","Tropical","None",4,"Blocks consisting of four treatments, giving a randomized block design","Site and management conditions ; timeframe ; slope","Multiple","Randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil physical and chemical properties (organic matter ; total and available N and P concentration ; pH ; exchangable Mg, Ca, K, Na ; moisture content ; bulk density) ; nutrient losses","Quantitative","Mixed","No differences were detected between the mean values of the agriculture and the agroforestry treatments for any measured soil physical or chemical property, but they were all lower than forest properties. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373317,"SB","2018-06-14","Mikwamba K, and Masangano C. (2013). Mitigating HIV and AIDS impacts through agro-forestry practices.. International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1(1), pp.1-7.","Journal article","Mikwamba K ; Masangano C ; ",2013,"Mitigating HIV and AIDS impacts through agro-forestry practices.","International Journal of Agricultural Extension",1,"Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","Malawi","ICRAF and Natural Resources College of Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","The specific objective of the study was to assess whether agroforestry contributed to increases in maize yields of HIV and AIDS affected households. Data was collected using household survey questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results showed that households practicing agroforestry were obtaining higher maize yields as compared to households that were not practicing agroforestry. The study concludes that households affected by HIV and AIDS would benefit from practicing agroforestry for achievement of food security. The main methodological difference with this study was its special focus on households affected by HIV and AIDS. The main objective of this study was to compare the maize yield of households affected by HIV and AIDS who practiced agroforestry and households affected by HIV and AIDS who did not practice agroforestry.\n","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Two Extension Planning Areas (EPAs) of Kasungu Chipala and Chulu in Kasungu District where ICRAF had promoted agroforestry technologies","Sub-tropical","None",186,"Survey respondents (households that were affected by HIV and AIDS)","age of household head, marital status of household head, household size, HIV and AIDS affectedness, whether household used chemical fertilizers or not, land holding sizes, number of crops a household grows, whether household had livestock or not, respondents main occupation, educational level of respondent, sex of household head. (Other factors that were found to be significant were: The marital status of household head, Household size, number of crop enterprises a household is engaged in, Land holding size and Use of chemical fertilizer.)\n","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","All","Maize yield (kg)","Quantitative","Positive","The results show significant differences that exist between the agroforestry practicing households and the non-agroforestry practicing households. The major differences were in the areas of maize yields and cash realised from crop sales. The results showed a positive correlation between practicing agroforestry and maize yield (paired sample t test: p<0.05.). The results showed that households that were affected by HIV and AIDS and practiced agroforestry options had more yields as compared to households that were affected by HIV and AIDS but did not practice agroforestry.  The results were significant at P<0.05. While it is a known fact that one of the impacts of HIV and AIDS is reduction in maize production (Phiri 2003), agroforestry options helped to mitigate the negative impacts of HIV and AIDS. While all households affected by HIV and AIDS are constrained in terms of cash needs to buy chemical fertilizers, households are better off practicing agroforestry options. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373317,"SB","2018-06-14","Mikwamba K, and Masangano C. (2013). Mitigating HIV and AIDS impacts through agro-forestry practices.. International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1(1), pp.1-7.","Journal article","Mikwamba K ; Masangano C ; ",2013,"Mitigating HIV and AIDS impacts through agro-forestry practices.","International Journal of Agricultural Extension",1,"Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","Malawi","ICRAF and Natural Resources College of Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","The specific objective of the study was to assess whether agroforestry contributed to increases in maize yields of HIV and AIDS affected households. Data was collected using household survey questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results showed that households practicing agroforestry were obtaining higher maize yields as compared to households that were not practicing agroforestry. The study concludes that households affected by HIV and AIDS would benefit from practicing agroforestry for achievement of food security. The main methodological difference with this study was its special focus on households affected by HIV and AIDS. The main objective of this study was to compare the maize yield of households affected by HIV and AIDS who practiced agroforestry and households affected by HIV and AIDS who did not practice agroforestry.\n","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Two Extension Planning Areas (EPAs) of Kasungu Chipala and Chulu in Kasungu District where ICRAF had promoted agroforestry technologies","Sub-tropical","None",186,"Survey respondents (households that were affected by HIV and AIDS)","age of household head, marital status of household head, household size, HIV and AIDS affectedness, whether household used chemical fertilizers or not, land holding sizes, number of crops a household grows, whether household had livestock or not, respondents main occupation, educational level of respondent, sex of household head. (Other factors that were found to be significant were: The marital status of household head, Household size, number of crop enterprises a household is engaged in, Land holding size and Use of chemical fertilizer.)\n","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","All","Maize yield (kg)","Quantitative","Positive","The results show significant differences that exist between the agroforestry practicing households and the non-agroforestry practicing households. The major differences were in the areas of maize yields and cash realised from crop sales. The results showed a positive correlation between practicing agroforestry and maize yield (paired sample t test: p<0.05.). Cash earned from crops was significantly higher for households who adopted agroforestry than for those who did not. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373317,"SB","2018-06-14","Mikwamba K, and Masangano C. (2013). Mitigating HIV and AIDS impacts through agro-forestry practices.. International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1(1), pp.1-7.","Journal article","Mikwamba K ; Masangano C ; ",2013,"Mitigating HIV and AIDS impacts through agro-forestry practices.","International Journal of Agricultural Extension",1,"Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","Malawi","ICRAF and Natural Resources College of Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","The specific objective of the study was to assess whether agroforestry contributed to increases in maize yields of HIV and AIDS affected households. Data was collected using household survey questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The results showed that households practicing agroforestry were obtaining higher maize yields as compared to households that were not practicing agroforestry. The study concludes that households affected by HIV and AIDS would benefit from practicing agroforestry for achievement of food security. The main methodological difference with this study was its special focus on households affected by HIV and AIDS. The main objective of this study was to compare the maize yield of households affected by HIV and AIDS who practiced agroforestry and households affected by HIV and AIDS who did not practice agroforestry.\n","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Two Extension Planning Areas (EPAs) of Kasungu Chipala and Chulu in Kasungu District where ICRAF had promoted agroforestry technologies","Sub-tropical","None",186,"Survey respondents (households that were affected by HIV and AIDS)","age of household head, marital status of household head, household size, HIV and AIDS affectedness, whether household used chemical fertilizers or not, land holding sizes, number of crops a household grows, whether household had livestock or not, respondents main occupation, educational level of respondent, sex of household head. (Other factors that were found to be significant were: The marital status of household head, Household size, number of crop enterprises a household is engaged in, Land holding size and Use of chemical fertilizer.)\n","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","All","Maize yield (kg) -  Households harvesting maize equal or more than 270Kg/person/year were deemed as food secure with code 2 and those with less yield were said to be food insecure and assigned 1.","Quantitative","Positive","Of the 26% of households that were found to be food secure, a significant percentage (71%) of households came from the group that was engaged in agroforestry while as the remaining (29%) came from the group of households not engaged in agroforestry. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372904,"SB","2018-06-14","Mikwamba K, and Mthinda C. (2014). The financial benefits of agroforestry practicing to HIV and AIDS affected households.. International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2(International Conference), pp.121-126.","Journal article","Mikwamba K ; Mthinda C ; ",2014,"The financial benefits of agroforestry practicing to HIV and AIDS affected households.","International Journal of Agricultural Extension",2,"Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources ; Gent University","Malawi ; Belgium","ICRAF and Natural Resources College of Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources","The objective of this study was to assess whether agroforestry contributed to the generation of cash incomes of households affected by HIV and AIDS. While it is known that it does contribute to maize yields the study wanted to explore the financial aspect of agroforestry practicing in HIV and AIDS affectedness context.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Malawi","Kasungu District, where ICRAF had promoted agroforestry technologies","Sub-tropical","None",186,"Survey respondents (households that were affected by HIV and AIDS)","age of household head, marital status of household head, household size, HIV and AIDS affectedness, whether household used chemical fertilizers or not, land holding sizes, number of crops a household grows, whether household had livestock or not, respondents main occupation, educational level of respondent, sex of household head (five independent variables significantly explained change in the dependent variable (Income): whether household practiced agroforestry or not, size of household, land holding size, number of crops a household grew and location (Extension Planning Area-EPA). )","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","All","Maize yield (kg)","Quantitative","Positive","Households that practiced agroforestry technologies had higher incomes as compared to households which were not practicing agroforestry technologies. There were a number of reasons for this finding. One of the major reasons was that households that practiced agroforestry options derived cash from sales of seed of agroforestry technologies, which they sold to other farmers as well as ICRAF (International Centre for Research in Agroforestry). The other reason was that there was a significant difference in terms of maize yield amongst those that practiced agroforestry options as compared to those that did not. The findings of the study therefore help suggest that there is need to engage in advocacy so that agroforestry is considered as a mitigation factor for households affected by HIV and AIDS. While channeling funds to different aspects of HIV and AIDS programs, it is important to consider scaling up agroforestry practices.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","land productivity (energy available from human food/fodder expressed in GJ or monetary value of the produce in Rs per ha of land) and labour productivity (food/fodder energy or monetary value of the produce per GJ human labour input)","Quantitative","Positive","The homegarden system was the most productive system followed by the rainfed agroforestry system and rainfed cropping system in terms of land or labour productivity of human food, while the rainfed agroforestry system was the most productive system followed by the rainfed cropping system and homegarden system in terms of land productivity of fodder. This study suggests that traditional homegarden system is economically the most efficient production system, with soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks significantly higher than other landuses.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","land productivity (energy available from human food/fodder expressed in GJ or monetary value of the produce in Rs per ha of land) and labour productivity (food/fodder energy or monetary value of the produce per GJ human labour input)","Quantitative","Positive","The homegarden system was the most productive system followed by the rainfed agroforestry system and rainfed cropping system in terms of land or labour productivity of human food, while the rainfed agroforestry system was the most productive system followed by the rainfed cropping system and homegarden system in terms of land productivity of fodder.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","land productivity (energy available from human food/fodder expressed in GJ or monetary value of the produce in Rs per ha of land) and labour productivity (food/fodder energy or monetary value of the produce per GJ human labour input)","Quantitative","Negative","The shifting agriculture system was as efficient as the rainfed agroforestry system and more efficient than the rainfed cropping system and irrigated cropping system in terms of labour productivity (in monetary terms), but less efficient than all settled agroecosystems except the rainfed cropping system in terms of land productivity.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Annual monetary input, output, net return and output/input ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Only homegarden systems and shifting agriculture systems showed positive annual net monetary returns and output/input ratio values higher than one, with monetary return from the former system being 354% higher but output/input ratio 13% lower compared to the latter system. This study suggests that traditional homegarden system is economically the most efficient production system, with soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks significantly higher than other landuses.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Annual monetary input, output, net return and output/input ratio","Quantitative","Negative","Only homegarden systems and shifting agriculture systems showed positive annual net monetary returns and output/input ratio values higher than one, with monetary return from the former system being 354% higher but output/input ratio 13% lower compared to the latter system.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Annual monetary input, output, net return and output/input ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Only homegarden systems and shifting agriculture systems showed positive annual net monetary returns and output/input ratio values higher than one, with monetary return from the former system being 354% higher but output/input ratio 13% lower compared to the latter system.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Annual monetary input, output, net return and output/input ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Only homegarden systems and shifting agriculture systems showed positive annual net monetary returns and output/input ratio values higher than one, with monetary return from the former system being 354% higher but output/input ratio 13% lower compared to the latter system. This study suggests that traditional homegarden system is economically the most efficient production system, with soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks significantly higher than other landuses.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Annual monetary input, output, net return and output/input ratio","Quantitative","Negative","Only homegarden systems and shifting agriculture systems showed positive annual net monetary returns and output/input ratio values higher than one, with monetary return from the former system being 354% higher but output/input ratio 13% lower compared to the latter system.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None","48 / 45","Households (surveryed) / Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Annual monetary input, output, net return and output/input ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Only homegarden systems and shifting agriculture systems showed positive annual net monetary returns and output/input ratio values higher than one, with monetary return from the former system being 354% higher but output/input ratio 13% lower compared to the latter system.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",150,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil chemical properties","Quantitative","Positive","Among settled agroecosystems, soils of the homegarden system had 4-times larger organic C and nutrient pools compared to the rainfed cropping system and 2-times larger pools as compared to the irrigated cropping system and rainfed agriculture system, with insignificant differences (P [0.05) between the latter two systems. In the shifting agriculture system, soil organic C and nutrient pools during first year of cropping after burn were almost 2-times larger compared to those in 7-year old fallow fields. Further, soil nutrient pools decreased with the progress of cropping phase, a trend that was most pronounced for available P. There was no significant change in soil properties over 7 years of fallow development. All soil pools, except exchangeable Ca, were significantly larger in the community forest compared to the reserve forest. This study suggests that traditional homegarden system is economically the most efficient production system, with soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks significantly higher than other landuses.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",150,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil chemical properties","Quantitative","Mixed","Among settled agroecosystems, soils of the homegarden system had 4-times larger organic C and nutrient pools compared to the rainfed cropping system and 2-times larger pools as compared to the irrigated cropping system and rainfed agriculture system, with insignificant differences (P [0.05) between the latter two systems. In the shifting agriculture system, soil organic C and nutrient pools during first year of cropping after burn were almost 2-times larger compared to those in 7-year old fallow fields. Further, soil nutrient pools decreased with the progress of cropping phase, a trend that was most pronounced for available P. There was no significant change in soil properties over 7 years of fallow development. All soil pools, except exchangeable Ca, were significantly larger in the community forest compared to the reserve forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377142,"SB","2018-06-15","Singh K, Maikhuri R K, Rao K S, and Saxena K G. (2008). Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.. Environmentalist, 28(4), pp.429–445.","Journal article","Singh K ; Maikhuri R K; Rao K S; Saxena K G; ",2008,"Characterizing land-use diversity in village landscapes for sustainable mountain development: a case study from Indian Himalaya.","Environmentalist",28,"Jawaharlal Nehru University,\nNew Delhi","India"," the CSIR, New Delhi and TSBF-CIAT, Nairobi","The present study aimed to characterize the diversity of land-use/cover, in terms of spatial variability in cropping patterns, agricultural inputs and productivity, vegetation structure, soil nutrient pools and management practices, in a traditional village landscape and its environmental, socio-economic and policy implications in the Himalayan region. The village landscape was differentiated into three major land-use types viz., forests, settled agriculture and shifting agriculture. Settled agriculture was further differentiated into four agroecosystem types viz., homegarden system (HGS), rainfed agroforestry system (RAS), rainfed crop system (RCS) and irrigated crop system (ICS), and shifting agriculture system (SAS) was differentiated into different stages of a 4-year long cropping phase and a 7-year long fallow phase, and forests into Community Forests (CF) and Reserve Forests (RF).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","village Bacchelikhal, a village of Garhwal region of Indian Himalaya","Sub-tropical","None",150,"Soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil chemical properties","Quantitative","Negative","Among settled agroecosystems, soils of the homegarden system had 4-times larger organic C and nutrient pools compared to the rainfed cropping system and 2-times larger pools as compared to the irrigated cropping system and rainfed agriculture system, with insignificant differences (P [0.05) between the latter two systems. In the shifting agriculture system, soil organic C and nutrient pools during first year of cropping after burn were almost 2-times larger compared to those in 7-year old fallow fields. Further, soil nutrient pools decreased with the progress of cropping phase, a trend that was most pronounced for available P. There was no significant change in soil properties over 7 years of fallow development. All soil pools, except exchangeable Ca, were significantly larger in the community forest compared to the reserve forest.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937807,"JLM","2018-03-01","Mujeeb Rahman, P., Varma, R. and Sileshi, G. (2012). Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry Systems, 85(1), pp.165-177.","Journal article","Rahman, P.M., Varma, R.V., Sileshi, G.W.",2012,"Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India","Agroforestry Systems",85," Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)","India","UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT programm on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity","Sample soil of 72 grid points w/ 15 different land use types including agroforestry to identify which have more taxonomic richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Western Ghats","Tropical","None",240,"soil monoliths","habitat complexity, soil characteristics","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","diversity and abundance of soil invertebrates","Quantitative","Positive","diversity and abundance of soil invetebrates increases from annual crops to agroforestry systems and natural forest ecosystems.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937807,"JLM","2018-03-01","Mujeeb Rahman, P., Varma, R. and Sileshi, G. (2012). Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry Systems, 85(1), pp.165-177.","Journal article","Rahman, P.M., Varma, R.V., Sileshi, G.W.",2012,"Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India","Agroforestry Systems",85," Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)","India","UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT programm on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity","Sample soil of 72 grid points w/ 15 different land use types including agroforestry to identify which have more taxonomic richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","Western Ghats","Tropical","None",240,"soil monoliths","habitat complexity, soil characteristics","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","diversity and abundance of soil invertebrates","Quantitative","Positive","diversity and abundance of soil invetebrates increases from annual crops to agroforestry systems and natural forest ecosystems.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937807,"JLM","2018-03-01","Mujeeb Rahman, P., Varma, R. and Sileshi, G. (2012). Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry Systems, 85(1), pp.165-177.","Journal article","Rahman, P.M., Varma, R.V., Sileshi, G.W.",2012,"Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India","Agroforestry Systems",85," Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)","India","UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT programm on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity","Sample soil of 72 grid points w/ 15 different land use types including agroforestry to identify which have more taxonomic richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Western Ghats","Tropical","None",240,"soil monoliths","habitat complexity, soil characteristics","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","diversity and abundance of soil invertebrates","Quantitative","Positive","diversity and abundance of soil invetebrates increases from annual crops to agroforestry systems and natural forest ecosystems.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937807,"JLM","2018-03-01","Mujeeb Rahman, P., Varma, R. and Sileshi, G. (2012). Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry Systems, 85(1), pp.165-177.","Journal article","Rahman, P.M., Varma, R.V., Sileshi, G.W.",2012,"Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India","Agroforestry Systems",85," Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)","India","UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT programm on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity","Sample soil of 72 grid points w/ 15 different land use types including agroforestry to identify which have more taxonomic richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Western Ghats","Tropical","None",15,"top soil samples","habitat complexity","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, exchangeable potasium, calcium, magnesium, soil bulk density","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on compartor and specific variable","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937807,"JLM","2018-03-01","Mujeeb Rahman, P., Varma, R. and Sileshi, G. (2012). Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry Systems, 85(1), pp.165-177.","Journal article","Rahman, P.M., Varma, R.V., Sileshi, G.W.",2012,"Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India","Agroforestry Systems",85," Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)","India","UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT programm on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity","Sample soil of 72 grid points w/ 15 different land use types including agroforestry to identify which have more taxonomic richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","Western Ghats","Tropical","None",15,"top soil samples","habitat complexity","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, exchangeable potasium, calcium, magnesium, soil bulk density","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on compartor and specific variable","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937807,"JLM","2018-03-01","Mujeeb Rahman, P., Varma, R. and Sileshi, G. (2012). Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry Systems, 85(1), pp.165-177.","Journal article","Rahman, P.M., Varma, R.V., Sileshi, G.W.",2012,"Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystems in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India","Agroforestry Systems",85," Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI)","India","UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT programm on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity","Sample soil of 72 grid points w/ 15 different land use types including agroforestry to identify which have more taxonomic richness","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Western Ghats","Tropical","None",15,"top soil samples","habitat complexity","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, exchangeable potasium, calcium, magnesium, soil bulk density","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on compartor and specific variable","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374229,"JLM","2018-03-08","Pu YuLin, Xie DeTi, Ni JiuPai, and Wei ChaoFu. (2014). Evaluation on comprehensive ecological benefits of different hedgerow patterns on slope-farmland in purple soil area.. Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao / Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 22(1), pp..","Journal article","Poppenborg, P., Chroaeder, J.M., Appuhn, M.",2012,"Evaluating the economic potential of tree-based land uses to alleviate rural poverty in the Ashanti region, Ghana.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",21,"University of Bayreuth","Germany","Foundation for Forest Conservation in Africa","Economic analysis comparing costs and benefits of 4 tree based land uses and 1 annual cropping system in the Ashanti region of Ghana over 11 years to determine which are most suitable for alleviating poverty in a rural area near Papasi","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Ashanti","Tropical","None","N/A","farms","rotation frequency, labor, discount rates","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net Present Value (NPV)","Quantitative","Positive","Cultivation of orange intercropped with maize in the major season and cowpea in the minor season is most profitable from an economic point of view. However, both Teak Outgrower Programme alternatives, in particular the combination with orange, are not far behind and generate high revenues as well. By contrast, cultivation of oil palm intrcropped with maize in the major season and cowpea in the minor season, as well as rotational cultivation of maize and cowpea in pure stands, are comparatively unprofitable.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374229,"JLM","2018-03-08","Pu YuLin, Xie DeTi, Ni JiuPai, and Wei ChaoFu. (2014). Evaluation on comprehensive ecological benefits of different hedgerow patterns on slope-farmland in purple soil area.. Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao / Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 22(1), pp..","Journal article","Poppenborg, P., Chroaeder, J.M., Appuhn, M.",2012,"Evaluating the economic potential of tree-based land uses to alleviate rural poverty in the Ashanti region, Ghana.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",21,"University of Bayreuth","Germany","Foundation for Forest Conservation in Africa","Economic analysis comparing costs and benefits of 4 tree based land uses and 1 annual cropping system in the Ashanti region of Ghana over 11 years to determine which are most suitable for alleviating poverty in a rural area near Papasi","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ghana","Ashanti","Tropical","None","N/A","farms","rotation frequency, labor, discount rates","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net Present Value (NPV)","Quantitative","Positive","Cultivation of orange intercropped with maize in the major season and cowpea in the minor season is most profitable from an economic point of view. However, both Teak Outgrower Programme alternatives, in particular the combination with orange, are not far behind and generate high revenues as well. By contrast, cultivation of oil palm intrcropped with maize in the major season and cowpea in the minor season, as well as rotational cultivation of maize and cowpea in pure stands, are comparatively unprofitable.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374229,"JLM","2018-03-08","Pu YuLin, Xie DeTi, Ni JiuPai, and Wei ChaoFu. (2014). Evaluation on comprehensive ecological benefits of different hedgerow patterns on slope-farmland in purple soil area.. Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao / Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 22(1), pp..","Journal article","Poppenborg, P., Chroaeder, J.M., Appuhn, M.",2012,"Evaluating the economic potential of tree-based land uses to alleviate rural poverty in the Ashanti region, Ghana.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",21,"University of Bayreuth","Germany","Foundation for Forest Conservation in Africa","Economic analysis comparing costs and benefits of 4 tree based land uses and 1 annual cropping system in the Ashanti region of Ghana over 11 years to determine which are most suitable for alleviating poverty in a rural area near Papasi","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Ghana","Ashanti","Tropical","None","N/A","farms","rotation frequency, labor, discount rates","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net Present Value (NPV)","Quantitative","Positive","Cultivation of orange intercropped with maize in the major season and cowpea in the minor season is most profitable from an economic point of view. However, both Teak Outgrower Programme alternatives, in particular the combination with orange, are not far behind and generate high revenues as well. By contrast, cultivation of oil palm intrcropped with maize in the major season and cowpea in the minor season, as well as rotational cultivation of maize and cowpea in pure stands, are comparatively unprofitable.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32372348,"JLM","2018-05-18","Rajput B S, Bhardwaj D R, and Pala N A. (2015). Carbon dioxide mitigation potential and carbon density of different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in north-western Himalayas.. Agroforestry Systems, 89(3), pp..","Journal article","Rajput, B. S., Bhardwaj, D. R., Pala, N. A. ",2015,"Carbon dioxide mitigation potential and carbon density of different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in north-western Himalayas.","Agroforestry Systems",89,"Banaras Hindu University","India","None Stated","The present study estimated the biomass carbon density and carbon dioxide mitigation potential of seven different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in valley ecosystem showing variation in biodiversity because of changing climatic conditions.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",420,"plots","altitude, rainfall, climate, soil type","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","total biomass ,mg/ha-1","Quantitative","Positive","Total biomass production of different land use systems in valley ecosystem followed the order of orchard+cereal-cereal>orchard+ cereal–vegetable>orchard+vegetable–vegetable>pure orchard>cereal–cereal>cereal–vegetable>vegetable–vegetable.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32372348,"JLM","2018-05-18","Rajput B S, Bhardwaj D R, and Pala N A. (2015). Carbon dioxide mitigation potential and carbon density of different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in north-western Himalayas.. Agroforestry Systems, 89(3), pp..","Journal article","Rajput, B. S., Bhardwaj, D. R., Pala, N. A. ",2015,"Carbon dioxide mitigation potential and carbon density of different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in north-western Himalayas.","Agroforestry Systems",89,"Banaras Hindu University","India","None Stated","The present study estimated the biomass carbon density and carbon dioxide mitigation potential of seven different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in valley ecosystem showing variation in biodiversity because of changing climatic conditions.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",420,"plots","altitude, rainfall, climate, soil type","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","rate of Co2 mitigation, mg/ha-1/year-1","Quantitative","Positive","Rate of CO2 mitigation potential was maximum (7.81 Mg ha-1 year-1) in the orchard+ cereal–cereal based land use system situated at an altitudinal range of 1,900–2,200 m. … … … the rate of CO2 mitigation is maximum (17.43mg ha-1 year-1) in orchard+ cereal–cereal cropping which was followed by the other fruit based system only (Table 3)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32372348,"JLM","2018-05-18","Rajput B S, Bhardwaj D R, and Pala N A. (2015). Carbon dioxide mitigation potential and carbon density of different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in north-western Himalayas.. Agroforestry Systems, 89(3), pp..","Journal article","Rajput, B. S., Bhardwaj, D. R., Pala, N. A. ",2015,"Carbon dioxide mitigation potential and carbon density of different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in north-western Himalayas.","Agroforestry Systems",89,"Banaras Hindu University","India","None Stated","The present study estimated the biomass carbon density and carbon dioxide mitigation potential of seven different land use systems along an altitudinal gradient in valley ecosystem showing variation in biodiversity because of changing climatic conditions.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh","Sub-tropical","None",2100,"soil samples","altitude, rainfall, climate, soil type","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","maximum carbon density, mg/ha-1","Quantitative","Positive","Maximum carbon density (90.88 Mg ha-1) of both soil+ plant was also observed in orchard+ cereal–cereal based land use systems at 1,300–1,600 m above mean sea level. … … … Maximum carbon density was demonstrated by orchard+ cereal–cereal based land use system which was closely followed by other fruit based cropping systems only.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Coffee yield","Quantitative","Negative","Co?ee yields decreased in the following order: (full-sun = C2) > C3 > C4 (Table 5).","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Coffee yield","Quantitative","Negative","Co?ee yields decreased in the following order: (full-sun = C2) > C3 > C4 (Table 5).","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Coffee yield","Quantitative","Negative","Co?ee yields decreased in the following order: (full-sun = C2) > C3 > C4 (Table 5).","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Gross Income, Net Income, Net Cash Flow, Value of Domestic Consumption, Family Benefits","Quantitative","Mixed","Co?ee generated the most earnings, but all other agroforestry products contribute positively to net cash ?ow, net income and family bene?ts. … Co?ee plantation types did not di?er in gross income, cash costs, net cash ?ow, net income, or family bene?ts (Table 6)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Gross Income, Net Income, Net Cash Flow, Value of Domestic Consumption, Family Benefits","Quantitative","Mixed","Co?ee generated the most earnings, but all other agroforestry products contribute positively to net cash ?ow, net income and family bene?ts. … Co?ee plantation types did not di?er in gross income, cash costs, net cash ?ow, net income, or family bene?ts (Table 6)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Gross Income, Net Income, Net Cash Flow, Value of Domestic Consumption, Family Benefits","Quantitative","Mixed","Co?ee generated the most earnings, but all other agroforestry products contribute positively to net cash ?ow, net income and family bene?ts. … Co?ee plantation types did not di?er in gross income, cash costs, net cash ?ow, net income, or family bene?ts (Table 6)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon Stock","Quantitative","Positive","Carbon stocks varied from 8.8 Mg ha?1 in full-sun co?ee plantations (C1) to 38.6 Mg ha?1 in co?ee plantations with diverse shade (C4). … The carbon stock in aboveground biomass in the co?ee plantations in this study decreased as the shade canopy was reduced and simplified.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon Stock","Quantitative","Positive","Carbon stocks varied from 8.8 Mg ha?1 in full-sun co?ee plantations (C1) to 38.6 Mg ha?1 in co?ee plantations with diverse shade (C4). … The carbon stock in aboveground biomass in the co?ee plantations in this study decreased as the shade canopy was reduced and simplified.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370831,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pinoargote M, Cerda R, Mercado L, Aguilar A, Barrios M, and Somarriba E. (2017). Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.. Forests, and Trees and Livelihoods, 26(3), pp..","Journal article","Pinoargote M., Cerda R., Mercado L., Aguilar A., Barrios M., Somarriba E.",2017,"Carbon stocks, net cash flow and family benefits from four small coffee plantation types in Nicaragua.","Forests, Trees and Livelihoods",26,"Center for Tropical Argricultural Research and Education (CATIE)","Costa Rica","CATIE-MAP (Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program) and FTA/CATIE (Forest, Trees and Agroforestry)","identify agroforestry systems with coffee that simultaneously generate financial profits, provide goods for family consumption, and store significant amounts of carbon in aboveground biomass","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Jinotega and Matagalpa","Tropical","None",27,"farms","Temperature, rainfall, altitude, total inventory ha","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon Stock","Quantitative","Positive","Carbon stocks varied from 8.8 Mg ha?1 in full-sun co?ee plantations (C1) to 38.6 Mg ha?1 in co?ee plantations with diverse shade (C4). … The carbon stock in aboveground biomass in the co?ee plantations in this study decreased as the shade canopy was reduced and simplified.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937022,"JLM","2018-05-21","Pineda-Guerrero A, Gonzalez-Maya JF, and Perez-Torres J. (2015). Conservation value of forest fragments for medium-sized carnivores in a silvopastoral system in Colombia. MAMMALIA, 79(1), pp.115-119.","Journal article","Pineda-Guerrero A., Gonzalez-Maya J.F., Perez-Torres J. ",2015,"Conservation value of forest fragments for medium-sized carnivores in a silvopastoral system in Colombia","Mammalia",79,"The Sierra to Sea Institute/ProCAT Colombia, Univerisdad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico","Colombia/Mexico","R. Escobar and P. Betancourt from Hacienday Betanci-Guacamayas and the Functional Ecology Laboratory (Universidad Javeriana)","Evaluating conservation value of forest patches within silvopastoral systems for carnivores by examining carnivores habitat use and abundance within pasture and forest fragments","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Colombia","Córdoba","Tropical","None",6,"transects","specialist vs generalist species","Primary Forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","tracks per km, visits to plots per total active plots (*100pt/ap), number of carnivore track encounters per sampling unit, number of tracks per species","Quantitative","Negative","We found that generalist species were detected in both pasture and forest fragments, but were significantly more abundant in forests. By contrast, specialists were never detected in pastures.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938258,"JLM","2018-05-29","Ponette-Gonzalez AG, Weathers KC, and Curran LM. (2010). Tropical land-cover change alters biogeochemical inputs to ecosystems in a Mexican montane landscape. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, 20(7), pp.1820-1837.","Journal article","Ponette-Gonzalez A. G., Weathers K. C., Curran L. M., ",2010,"Tropical land-cover change alters biogeochemical inputs to ecosystems in a Mexican montane landscape","Ecological Applications",20,"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies","USA","NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship, National Science Foundation, Ford Foundation, Institute of International Education, the Compton Foundation, the Tinker Foundation, the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, the Tropical Resources Institute of Yale University, and a Marie Tharp Visiting Fellowship to Columbia University","(1) Estimate the total (wet+dry+fog) atmospheric depostion to three contrasting land-cover types (tropical montane forest, coffee agroforest, and clearings) using Sulfate as a conservative chemical tracer; (2) examine the effects of land cover on canopy-level processing (i.e leaching and uptake) of Cl- and NO3--N; and (3) assess deposition results within a broader regional context","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Veracruz","Tropical","None",122,"throughfall collectors","altitude, rainfall, seasonality, weather shock severity, soil type","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","Throughfall (Sulfate)","Quantitative","Mixed","Second,SO42--S inputs to forests in XAC (176 5 kg/ha, mean6 SE) were, on average,41% and >100% higher than inputs to coffee agroforests (12 +/- 1 kg/ha,  P< 0.15) and cleared areas (8 +/- 2 kg/ha, P< 0.03), respectively. Moreover, mean net SO42--S flux to forest (9 +/- 5kg/ha)was two times greater than to coffee land cover (4 +/- 2kg/ha; Fig.3b), and this difference was signi?cant (P< 0.045)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938258,"JLM","2018-05-29","Ponette-Gonzalez AG, Weathers KC, and Curran LM. (2010). Tropical land-cover change alters biogeochemical inputs to ecosystems in a Mexican montane landscape. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS, 20(7), pp.1820-1837.","Journal article","Ponette-Gonzalez A. G., Weathers K. C., Curran L. M., ",2010,"Tropical land-cover change alters biogeochemical inputs to ecosystems in a Mexican montane landscape","Ecological Applications",20,"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies","USA","NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship, National Science Foundation, Ford Foundation, Institute of International Education, the Compton Foundation, the Tinker Foundation, the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, the Tropical Resources Institute of Yale University, and a Marie Tharp Visiting Fellowship to Columbia University","(1) Estimate the total (wet+dry+fog) atmospheric depostion to three contrasting land-cover types (tropical montane forest, coffee agroforest, and clearings) using Sulfate as a conservative chemical tracer; (2) examine the effects of land cover on canopy-level processing (i.e leaching and uptake) of Cl- and NO3--N; and (3) assess deposition results within a broader regional context","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Veracruz","Tropical","None",9,"bulk and fog samplers","altitude, rainfall, seasonality, weather shock severity, soil type","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","leaching and uptake (CL- and NO3--N)","Quantitative","Mixed","We found that net Cl- ?uxes (outlier removed) decreased signi?cantly with increasing abundance of deciduous trees. … Moreover, there was little recorded variation in total NO3--N ?ux among sites (2–6 kg/ha; Fig. 4)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938363,"JLM","2018-05-29","Ponette-Gonzalez AG, Weathers KC, and Curran LM. (2010). Water inputs across a tropical montane landscape in Veracruz, Mexico: synergistic effects of land cover, rain and fog seasonality, and interannual precipitation variability. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 16(3), pp.946-963.","Journal article","Ponette-Gonzalez AG ; Weathers KC ; Curran LM ; ",2010,"Water inputs across a tropical montane landscape in Veracruz, Mexico: synergistic effects of land cover, rain and fog seasonality, and interannual precipitation variability","GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY",16,"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies","USA","NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship, the National Science Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the Institute of International Education, the Compton Foundation, the Tinker Foundation, Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, and the Tropical Resources Institute of Yale University","Examine the effects of three land-cover types on water inputs across a moist, but seasonally dry montane landscape affected by fog and characterized by high interannual precipitation variability","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Veracruz","Tropical","None",167,"throughfall collectors","seasonality, weather shocks","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","percent rainfall reaching the soil","Quantitative","Mixed","Response of forest canopies to extreme rainfall was more variable than that of coffee canopies, as evidenced by the net throughfall ?ux (Table 3). throughfall water inputs decreased in the order: cleared areas>shade coffee agroforests>lower montane rain forests. An aproximate LAI associated with forest to coffee conversion resulted in an eightfold ecrease in canopy water retention/evaporation and a 15% increase in throughfall water flux to soils.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938363,"JLM","2018-05-29","Ponette-Gonzalez AG, Weathers KC, and Curran LM. (2010). Water inputs across a tropical montane landscape in Veracruz, Mexico: synergistic effects of land cover, rain and fog seasonality, and interannual precipitation variability. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 16(3), pp.946-963.","Journal article","Ponette-Gonzalez AG ; Weathers KC ; Curran LM ; ",2010,"Water inputs across a tropical montane landscape in Veracruz, Mexico: synergistic effects of land cover, rain and fog seasonality, and interannual precipitation variability","GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY",16,"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies","USA","NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship, the National Science Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the Institute of International Education, the Compton Foundation, the Tinker Foundation, Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, and the Tropical Resources Institute of Yale University","Examine the effects of three land-cover types on water inputs across a moist, but seasonally dry montane landscape affected by fog and characterized by high interannual precipitation variability","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Veracruz","Tropical","None",24,"stemflow collars","tree species, forest age, epiphyte abundance","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","L of stem?ow","Quantitative","Mixed","In this study, coffee shade species T. micrantha and M. scabrella had higher stem?ow than forest species Q. pinnativenulosa, C. mexicana, and A. latifolia. Coffee tree species had smooth bark and supported fewer epiphytes.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938363,"JLM","2018-05-29","Ponette-Gonzalez AG, Weathers KC, and Curran LM. (2010). Water inputs across a tropical montane landscape in Veracruz, Mexico: synergistic effects of land cover, rain and fog seasonality, and interannual precipitation variability. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 16(3), pp.946-963.","Journal article","Ponette-Gonzalez AG ; Weathers KC ; Curran LM ; ",2010,"Water inputs across a tropical montane landscape in Veracruz, Mexico: synergistic effects of land cover, rain and fog seasonality, and interannual precipitation variability","GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY",16,"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies","USA","NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship, the National Science Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the Institute of International Education, the Compton Foundation, the Tinker Foundation, Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, and the Tropical Resources Institute of Yale University","Examine the effects of three land-cover types on water inputs across a moist, but seasonally dry montane landscape affected by fog and characterized by high interannual precipitation variability","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Veracruz","Tropical","None",152,"trees","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree height & diameter, # of stems per tree, epiphyte laoding, crown projecction area","Quantitative","Mixed","forest structural heterogeneity in this region is highly simpli?ed by commercial polyculture coffee production. Tree density, LAI, basal area, epiphyte load, and mean minimum tree height all decrease sharply along a gradient from cloud forest to cleared areas.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938236,"JLM","2018-05-29","Quinion A, Chirwa PW, Akinnifesi FK, and Ajayi OC. (2010). Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 80(3), pp.457-465.","Journal article","Quinion A., Chirwa P. W., Akinnifesi F. K., Ajayi O. C. ",2010,"Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi","Agroforestry Systems",80,"Stellenbosch University","South Africa","None Stated","This study investigated the linkages between fertilizer tree technology use and poverty reduction in farming households of central and southern Malawi by assessing food security, asset status, and household income generating activities.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Malawi","Kasungu; Machinga","Tropical","None",131,"households","Education and training; more agroforestry seeds; access to clean water; agricultural inputs such as fertilizer and tools; and support during hunger periods, farm size ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","N/A","Percent of respondents","Quantitative","Positive","\"...gains in food security that may have been brought about by an increase in crop yields, a marked decrease in hunger periods...\"","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938236,"JLM","2018-05-29","Quinion A, Chirwa PW, Akinnifesi FK, and Ajayi OC. (2010). Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 80(3), pp.457-465.","Journal article","Quinion A., Chirwa P. W., Akinnifesi F. K., Ajayi O. C. ",2010,"Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi","Agroforestry Systems",80,"Stellenbosch University","South Africa","None Stated","This study investigated the linkages between fertilizer tree technology use and poverty reduction in farming households of central and southern Malawi by assessing food security, asset status, and household income generating activities.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Malawi","Kasungu; Machinga","Tropical","None",131,"households","Education and training; more agroforestry seeds; access to clean water; agricultural inputs such as fertilizer and tools; and support during hunger periods, farm size ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Percent of respondents","Quantitative","Positive","The other bene?ts identi?ed by farmers, such as the production of saleable seed and wood for fuel or construction, are not surprising and are common bene?ts identi?ed in other areas in Africa where fertilizer tree technologies are used (Ajayi et al. 2007a, b)","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938236,"JLM","2018-05-29","Quinion A, Chirwa PW, Akinnifesi FK, and Ajayi OC. (2010). Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 80(3), pp.457-465.","Journal article","Quinion A., Chirwa P. W., Akinnifesi F. K., Ajayi O. C. ",2010,"Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi","Agroforestry Systems",80,"Stellenbosch University","South Africa","None Stated","This study investigated the linkages between fertilizer tree technology use and poverty reduction in farming households of central and southern Malawi by assessing food security, asset status, and household income generating activities.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Malawi","Kasungu; Machinga","Tropical","None",131,"households","Education and training; more agroforestry seeds; access to clean water; agricultural inputs such as fertilizer and tools; and support during hunger periods, farm size ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Percent of respondents","Quantitative","Positive","The study found that the adoption of fertilizer tree technologies enhances other income generating opportunities.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938236,"JLM","2018-05-29","Quinion A, Chirwa PW, Akinnifesi FK, and Ajayi OC. (2010). Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 80(3), pp.457-465.","Journal article","Quinion A., Chirwa P. W., Akinnifesi F. K., Ajayi O. C. ",2010,"Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi","Agroforestry Systems",80,"Stellenbosch University","South Africa","None Stated","This study investigated the linkages between fertilizer tree technology use and poverty reduction in farming households of central and southern Malawi by assessing food security, asset status, and household income generating activities.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Malawi","Kasungu; Machinga","Tropical","None",131,"households","Education and training; more agroforestry seeds; access to clean water; agricultural inputs such as fertilizer and tools; and support during hunger periods, farm size ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Percent of respondents","Quantitative","Mixed","...there was still an obvious lag in household security, the ability to absorb and cope with shocks, and overall improved welfare...The results revealed that when households were able to increase their income, the added income was reinvested into activities that support the household’s immediate needs, rather than invested in any form of insurance.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938236,"JLM","2018-05-29","Quinion A, Chirwa PW, Akinnifesi FK, and Ajayi OC. (2010). Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 80(3), pp.457-465.","Journal article","Quinion A., Chirwa P. W., Akinnifesi F. K., Ajayi O. C. ",2010,"Do agroforestry technologies improve the livelihoods of the resource poor farmers? Evidence from Kasungu and Machinga districts of Malawi","Agroforestry Systems",80,"Stellenbosch University","South Africa","None Stated","This study investigated the linkages between fertilizer tree technology use and poverty reduction in farming households of central and southern Malawi by assessing food security, asset status, and household income generating activities.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Malawi","Kasungu; Machinga","Tropical","None",131,"households","Education and training; more agroforestry seeds; access to clean water; agricultural inputs such as fertilizer and tools; and support during hunger periods, farm size ","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Percent of respondents","Quantitative","Mixed","There was in general an increase in yield with the use of fertilizer tree technologies... In this study, it was also dif?cult to attribute all the yield increases to fertilizer tree technologies since no data was collected on the use of inorganic fertilizers among the respondents.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32377975,"JLM","2018-05-30","Rahman S A, Rahman M F, Codilan A L, and Farhana K M. (2007). Analysis of the economic benefits from systematic improvements to shifting cultivation and its evolution towards stable continuous agroforestry in the upland of Eastern Bangladesh.. International Forestry Review, 9(1), pp..","Journal article","Rahman S. A., Rahman M. F., Codilan A. L., Farhana K. M.",2007,"Analysis of the economic benefits from systematic improvements to shifting cultivation and its evolution towards stable continuous agroforestry in the upland of Eastern Bangladesh.","International Forestry Review",9,"University of Rajshahi","Bangladesh","None Stated","Assess the bene?t-cost of shifting cultivation compared to agroforestry and prescribe some policy suggestions regarding how agroforestry can best be applied using Participatory Rural Appraisal (RRA) census and Household surevey data. This research focused on four different areas in Khagrachari District in the uplands of Eastern Bangladesh, Dighinala, Atmile, Jamtali and Noimile.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Dighinala, Atmile, Jamtali, and Noimile","Tropical","None",100,"households","Site conditions, tree spacing, growth rate of trees, price of land, establishment costs, yields, use of family vs hired labour, use of pesticides and fertilizers, real discount rate, liquidation value of the standing volume","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net Present Value (NPV)- $/acre, Internal Rate of Return (IRR)- $/acre, Sensitivity analysis (NPV- $/acre),","Quantitative","Positive","In both scenarios with and without the inclusion of family labour costs, the agroforestry system gives positive and much higher NPVs than shifting cultivation.; …the IRR of shifting cultivation is extremely high, because of the very low input required; In relation to discount rate, the NPV of agroforestry systems are positive and higher than NPV of shifting cultivation with the rate up to 60% for both scenarios, with and without the inclusion of family labor costs. In the case of a decrease in the yield of annual crops, the NPV of agroforestry systems are found to always be positive and higher than shifting cultivation.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32377975,"JLM","2018-05-30","Rahman S A, Rahman M F, Codilan A L, and Farhana K M. (2007). Analysis of the economic benefits from systematic improvements to shifting cultivation and its evolution towards stable continuous agroforestry in the upland of Eastern Bangladesh.. International Forestry Review, 9(1), pp..","Journal article","Rahman S. A., Rahman M. F., Codilan A. L., Farhana K. M.",2007,"Analysis of the economic benefits from systematic improvements to shifting cultivation and its evolution towards stable continuous agroforestry in the upland of Eastern Bangladesh.","International Forestry Review",9,"University of Rajshahi","Bangladesh","None Stated","Assess the bene?t-cost of shifting cultivation compared to agroforestry and prescribe some policy suggestions regarding how agroforestry can best be applied using Participatory Rural Appraisal (RRA) census and Household surevey data. This research focused on four different areas in Khagrachari District in the uplands of Eastern Bangladesh, Dighinala, Atmile, Jamtali and Noimile.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Dighinala, Atmile, Jamtali, and Noimile","Tropical","None",100,"households","Site conditions, tree spacing, growth rate of trees, price of land, establishment costs, yields, use of family vs hired labour, use of pesticides and fertilizers, real discount rate, liquidation value of the standing volume","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C)- $/acre","Quantitative","Positive","The B/C of agroforestry is more than twice that of shifting cultivation in the scenario that includes family labour costs.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examines the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology. In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Farmer capacity development","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","None",60,"households","labor, farm size, farmer age","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","percent change in yield","Both","Positive","It can be seen that fertilizer, improved fallows, and biomass transfer all led to positive yield changes in most cases, with fertilizer being the most likely (93 percent) to lead a positive change, but improved fallows and biomass transfer close behind. All three SFR practices were reported to have significant effects on yields, as reported by the percentage increase in median and mean yield... The agrofestry practices compare favorably with fertilizer because fertilizer amounts are quite low in practice, whereas farmers are able to generate significant amounts of nitrogen from the agroforestry systems on the relatively small plots on which they were applied.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Farmer capacity development","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","None",70,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","net gain ($US), return to labor ($US)","Both","Positive","The seasonal per acre net gain to tephrosia  fallows was $22.33 and from crotalaria  it was $19.96 (again compared to the no-input case)… returns to labor from fallowing systems that were found to be around $2.17 per day, 33 percent higher than from the no-input, continuous maize production.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Farmer capacity development","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","all (disaggregation insignificant)","change in total asset wealth","Both","Uncertain","Neither of the agroforestry variables is significant. In fact, the only significant variable is farm size; …asset holding positions changed in more positive directions when farm sizes were smaller. This suggests that non-land assets are not highly correlated with land assets, a reflection of market imperfections in land relative to other assets.","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Farmer capacity development","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","all (disaggregation insignificant)","total and per capita expenditures","Both","Negative","The coefficient estimates for fallow variables are negative and significant at around the 5 percent level (although in the tobit model, the significance level is somewhat reduced after bootstrapping).","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Farmer capacity development","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","all male","nutrition index for: energy, protein, and iroin","Both","Uncertain","…neither of the agroforestry adoption variables was found to be significantly related to changes in food intake and nutrtional status.","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Farmer capacity development","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","all femal","nutrition index for: energy, protein, and iroin","Both","Uncertain","…neither of the agroforestry adoption variables was found to be significantly related to changes in food intake and nutrtional status. In fact, the only significant variable in the regression was gender of the household head, where female heads are associated with positive changes (or less negative change) in each of the three indicators… … … nutritional status was found to be higher in female-headed households","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examines the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology. In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","None",60,"households","labor, farm size, farmer age","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","percent change in yield","Both","Positive","It can be seen that fertilizer, improved fallows, and biomass transfer all led to positive yield changes in most cases, with fertilizer being the most likely (93 percent) to lead a positive change, but improved fallows and biomass transfer close behind. All three SFR practices were reported to have significant effects on yields, as reported by the percentage increase in median and mean yield... The agrofestry practices compare favorably with fertilizer because fertilizer amounts are quite low in practice, whereas farmers are able to generate significant amounts of nitrogen from the agroforestry systems on the relatively small plots on which they were applied.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","None",70,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","net gain ($US), return to labor ($US)","Both","Positive","The seasonal per acre net gain to tephrosia  fallows was $22.33 and from crotalaria  it was $19.96 (again compared to the no-input case)… returns to labor from fallowing systems that were found to be around $2.17 per day, 33 percent higher than from the no-input, continuous maize production.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","all (disaggregation insignificant)","change in total asset wealth","Both","Uncertain","Neither of the agroforestry variables is significant. In fact, the only significant variable is farm size; …asset holding positions changed in more positive directions when farm sizes were smaller. This suggests that non-land assets are not highly correlated with land assets, a reflection of market imperfections in land relative to other assets.","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","all (disaggregation insignificant)","total and per capita expenditures","Both","Negative","The coefficient estimates for fallow variables are negative and significant at around the 5 percent level (although in the tobit model, the significance level is somewhat reduced after bootstrapping).","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","all male","nutrition index for: energy, protein, and iroin","Both","Uncertain","…neither of the agroforestry adoption variables was found to be significantly related to changes in food intake and nutrtional status.","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[32379529,"JLM","2018-06-05","Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P, and Omosa M. (2005). The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.. Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute, (142), pp..","Journal article","Place, F., Adato, M., Hebinck, P., Omosa, M.",2005,"The impact of agroforestry-based soil fertility replenishment practices on the poor in western Kenya.","Research Report - International Food Policy Research Institute","N/A","International Food Policy Research Institute","USA","United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DID), the Standing Panel on Impact Assessment (SPIA) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Danish International Development Agency (Danida), the Government of the Netherlands, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).","A set of studies on the impact of agricultural research on poverty led by IFPRI, analyzes the adoption and impact of agroforestry techniques for soil fertility enhancement in one of the poorest regions of the world- the western Kenyan highlands. It further examones the role that government and nongovernmental organizations and their different dissemination methods play in reaching potental users and helping them understand and use this knowledge-intensive technology .In this study, researchers have used qualitative and quantitative research methods to make discoveries and develop insights that neither method alone could accomplish","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Luo: Muhande-Arude (Siyaya), Ugunja (Siaya), and West Kanyaluo (Rachuonyo); and Luhya: Mwitubi (Vihiga), Shinyalu (Kakamega), and Bukhalalire (Busia).","Tropical","Instrumental variables",103,"farmers","labor, farm size, farmer age, crop value, climate, investment costs","Agriculture","Non-randomized BACI","Yes","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","all femal","nutrition index for: energy, protein, and iroin","Both","Uncertain","…neither of the agroforestry adoption variables was found to be significantly related to changes in food intake and nutrtional status. In fact, the only significant variable in the regression was gender of the household head, where female heads are associated with positive changes (or less negative change) in each of the three indicators… … … nutritional status was found to be higher in female-headed households","Yes","correlation tests between predicted and actual values, f-tests and x2 tests for first regressions, tests for overidentification, Durbin-Huausman-Wu tests, Hausman specification tests","Theory of change, Conceptual framework","Framing the study, Choosing indicators, Validating model with data"]
[31936416,"JLM","2018-06-08","Peixoto ML, Fernandes LG, Carvalho MAC, de Oliveira ML, Putti FF, and dos Reis AR. (2017). Assessment of mite fauna in different coffee cropping systems in Brazil. BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 27(3), pp.424-432.","Journal article","Peixoto, M. L., Fernandes, L. G., ; Carvalho, M. A. C., de Oliveira, M. L., Putti, F. F., dos Reis, A. R.",2017,"Assessment of mite fauna in different coffee cropping systems in Brazil","Biocontrol Science And Technology",27,"Alfenas University","Brazil","None Stated","evaluate mite populations from surveys in commercial coffee (Coffea arabica) orchards managed in different ways. Four different cropping systems were compared: a conventional system (CS), non-pesticide system (NPS), organic system (OS) and organic agroforestry system (OAS)... the goal of this study is to provide information on mite populations occuring in different coffee management production systems.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Brazil","Minas Gerais State","Tropical","None",180,"leaf samples","rainfall","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","number and diversity of mites","Quantitative","Positive","our data revealed a great diversity of mite fauna in coffee plantions and that their populations are influenced by management practices. Less-aggressive practices in agro-ecosystems, such as the employment of organic and agroforestry systems, or their integration, favour the predatory mite fauna resulting in a subsequent decrease in damage caused by phytophagous mites.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936616,"SF","2019-06-19","Yimyam N, Lordkaew S, and Rerkasem B. (2016). Carbon Storage in Mountain Land Use Systems in Northern Thailand. MOUNTAIN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 36(2), pp.183-192.","Journal article","Yimyam N ; Lordkaew S ; Rerkasem B ; ",2016,"Carbon Storage in Mountain Land Use Systems in Northern Thailand","MOUNTAIN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT",36,"Highland Research and Training Center","Thialand","National Research University Programme of the Commission of Higher Education of Thialand and United Nations University","Land use systems, ranging from primary forest to crop lands to agroforests, in three different villages were examined for carbon accumulation.","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Thailand","Teecha, Mae Rid Pakae, Pah Poo Chom","Tropical","None",15,"sites","None stated","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon Density","Quantitative","Mixed","Dependent on village and site","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373688,"SF","2019-03-23","Braga R F, Korasaki V, Andresen E, and Louzada J. (2013). Dung beetle community and functions along a habitat-disturbance gradient in the Amazon: a rapid assessment of ecological functions associated to biodiversity.. PLoS ONE, 8(2), pp..","Journal article","Braga R F; Korasaki V ; Andresen E ; Louzada J ; ",2013,"Dung beetle community and functions along a habitat-disturbance gradient in the Amazon: a rapid assessment of ecological functions associated to biodiversity.","Plos One",8,"Universidade Federal de Lavras","Brazil","Global Environmental Facility","Using experimental piles of dung on 5  different land use types (primary and secondary forest, agroforest, agriculture and pasture) and fake seeds, the authors measured dung removal, secondary seed dispersal, and soil perturbation as well as total, small and large beetle abundance. The data was then analyzed in a general linear model to determine land use effect on the three different outcomes; seed dispersal, soil perturbation and dung removal.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonas","Tropical","None",73,"sampling points","large and small beetle abundance and species richness, biomass","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","seed dispersal, soil perturbation","Quantitative","Mixed","primary>secondary>Agroforestry>agriculture>pasture, so that it depends on the comparator","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373688,"SF","2019-03-23","Braga R F, Korasaki V, Andresen E, and Louzada J. (2013). Dung beetle community and functions along a habitat-disturbance gradient in the Amazon: a rapid assessment of ecological functions associated to biodiversity.. PLoS ONE, 8(2), pp..","Journal article","Braga R F; Korasaki V ; Andresen E ; Louzada J ; ",2013,"Dung beetle community and functions along a habitat-disturbance gradient in the Amazon: a rapid assessment of ecological functions associated to biodiversity.","Plos One",8,"Universidade Federal de Lavras","Brazil","Global Environmental Facility","Using experimental piles of dung on 5  different land use types (primary and secondary forest, agroforest, agriculture and pasture) and fake seeds the authors measured dung removal, secondary seed dispersal, and soil perturbation as well as total, small and large beetle abundance. The data was then analyzed in a general linear model to determine land use effect on the three different outcomes; seed dispersal, soil perturbation and dung removal.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonas","Tropical","None",73,"sampling points","large and small beetle abundance and species richness","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","quantity of dung removed","Quantitative","Mixed","primary>secondary>Agroforestry>agriculture>pasture, so that it depends on the comparator","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374279,"SF","2019-03-23","Braga R F, Korasaki V, Audino L D, and Louzada J. (2012). Are dung beetles driving dung-fly abundance in traditional agricultural areas in the Amazon?. Ecosystems, 15(7), pp.","Journal article","Braga R F; Korasaki V ; Audino L D; Louzada J ; ",2006,"Are dung beetles driving dung-fly abundance in traditional agricultural areas in the Amazon?","Ecosystems","N/A","Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras","Brazil","Global Environmental Facility","Quantity of dung removed and species richness and abundance were measured for dung beetles and flys to determine the effect of land management on fly management by dung beetles.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonas","Tropical","None",75,"Land Use Systems (LUSs)","species abundance and biomass, ","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","dung beetle and fly species richness, quantity of dung removed","Quantitative","Mixed","primary forest>agroforestry>agriculture","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938681,"SF","2019-03-23","Bos MM, Tylianakis JM, Steffan-Dewenter I, and Tscharntke T. (2008). The invasive Yellow Crazy Ant and the decline of forest ant diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforests. BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS, 10(8), pp.1399-1409.","Journal article","Bos MM ; Tylianakis JM ; Steffan-Dewenter I ; Tscharntke T ; ",2008,"The invasive Yellow Crazy Ant and the decline of forest ant diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforests","Biological Invasions",10,"Department of Agroecology, University of Gottingen and Department of Entomolgy, State Museum of Natural History, Rosenstein","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Ant species richness and identity were measured and statistically analyzed for 3 different types of cacoa agroforestry sites (each with different shade amounts) and forest sites. The analysis also examined the quantity of and effect of the Yellow Crazy Ant (a common local invasive species) on agroforestries species richness.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Toro Village, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",96,"trees","habitat type, trees within site, presence or absence of invasive species","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","ant species richness, ant species identity","Quantitative","Mixed","Negative for species richness, positive for quantity of invasive Yellow Crazy Ant","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938681,"SF","2019-03-23","Bos MM, Tylianakis JM, Steffan-Dewenter I, and Tscharntke T. (2008). The invasive Yellow Crazy Ant and the decline of forest ant diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforests. BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS, 10(8), pp.1399-1409.","Journal article","Bos MM ; Tylianakis JM ; Steffan-Dewenter I ; Tscharntke T ; ",2008,"The invasive Yellow Crazy Ant and the decline of forest ant diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforests","Biological Invasions",10,"Department of Agroecology, University of Gottingen and Department of Entomolgy, State Museum of Natural History, Rosenstein","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Ant species richness and identity were measured and statistically analyzed for 3 different types of cacoa agroforestry sites (each with different shade amounts) and forest sites. The analysis also examined the quantity of and effect of the Yellow Crazy Ant (a common local invasive species) on agroforestries species richness.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Toro Village, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",96,"trees","habitat type, trees within site, presence or absence of invasive species","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","ant species richness, ant species identity","Quantitative","Mixed","Negative for species richness, positive for quantity of invasive Yellow Crazy Ant","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939208,"SF","2019-03-22","Bobo KS, Waltert M, Fermon H, Njokagbor J, and Muhlenberg M. (2006). From forest to farmland: butterfly diversity and habitat associations along a gradient of forest conversion in Southwestern Cameroon. JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION, 10(1), pp.29-42.","Journal article","Bobo KS ; Waltert M ; Fermon H ; Njokagbor J ; Muhlenberg M ; ",2006,"From forest to farmland: butterfly diversity and habitat associations along a gradient of forest conversion in Southwestern Cameroon","Journal of Insect Conservation",10,"Centre for Nature Conservation, Georg-August University and  Ministry of Wildlife and Forestry Yaounde Cameroon","Germany","German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), German Society for Tropical Ornthology (GTO), and African Nature e.V.","Butterly species richness and abundance were monitored in near-primary forests, secondary forests, agroforestry systems and annual cultures. In the statistical analysis tree and understory species richness and abundance were controlled for. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Cameroon","Korup Support Zone","Tropical","None",24,"sampling stations","tree and understory species richness and abundance","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","butterfly species richness and abundance","Quantitative","Mixed","Positive for abundance, mixed for richness","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373609,"SF","2019-03-22","Blinn C E, Browder J O, Pedlowski M A, and Wynne R H. (2013). Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.. Applied Geography, 43, pp.","Journal article","Blinn C E; Browder J O; Pedlowski M A; Wynne R H; ",2013,"Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.","Applied Geography",43,"Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, College of Natural Resources and the Environment, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State  University","United States","Not Stated","Of those farmers who moved to Rondonia under the Northwest Region Development Plan, some participated in the Rondonia Agroforestry Pilot Project (RAPP). RAPP participants were used as an experimental group while non-participants were used as a control group. Both farm types were analyzed using two landsat path/rows from the United States Geological survey in 1991 or 1992 and 2011. Data was collected on secondary forest succession. While the specific agroforestry practices were not mentioned, the study describes agroforestry as being for commercial timber use, ground and bush cropping or mixed, the article also references cattle sold by farm type.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Rondonia","Tropical","None",62,"farms","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","quantity of primary and secondar forest on the farm (forest similarity indices)","Quantitative","Positive","This depends on the data used (as data was collected at different points in time) these results are from the data collected in 2011. The results were nuetral before 2006","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373609,"SF","2019-03-22","Blinn C E, Browder J O, Pedlowski M A, and Wynne R H. (2013). Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.. Applied Geography, 43, pp.","Journal article","Blinn C E; Browder J O; Pedlowski M A; Wynne R H; ",2013,"Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.","Applied Geography",43,"Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, College of Natural Resources and the Environment, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State  University","United States","Not Stated","Of those farmers who moved to Rondonia under the Northwest Region Development Plan, some participated in the Rondonia Agroforestry Pilot Project (RAPP). RAPP participants were used as an experimental group while non-participants were used as a control group. Both groups were surveyed in 1992, 2002, and 2010, and site visits (for data collection) were done on the experimental farms. Data was collected on secondary forest succession, socioeconomic conditions, and household demographic characteristics and statistically analysized. While the specific agroforestry practices were not mentioned, the study describes agroforestry as being for commercial timber use, ground and bush cropping and mixed, the article also references cattle sold by farm type.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Rondonia","Tropical","None",70,"farms","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","engagement in unions, engagement in mutual aid associations","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373609,"SF","2019-03-22","Blinn C E, Browder J O, Pedlowski M A, and Wynne R H. (2013). Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.. Applied Geography, 43, pp.","Journal article","Blinn C E; Browder J O; Pedlowski M A; Wynne R H; ",2013,"Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.","Applied Geography",43,"Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, College of Natural Resources and the Environment, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State  University","United States","Not Stated","Of those farmers who moved to Rondonia under the Northwest Region Development Plan, some participated in the Rondonia Agroforestry Pilot Project (RAPP). RAPP participants were used as an experimental group while non-participants were used as a control group. Both groups were surveyed in 1992, 2002, and 2010, and site visits (for data collection) were done on the experimental farms. Data was collected on secondary forest succession, socioeconomic conditions, and household demographic characteristics and statistically analysized. While the specific agroforestry practices were not mentioned, the study describes agroforestry as being for commercial timber use, ground and bush cropping and mixed, the article also references cattle sold by farm type.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Rondonia","Tropical","None",70,"farms","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","number of cattle sold","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373609,"SF","2019-03-22","Blinn C E, Browder J O, Pedlowski M A, and Wynne R H. (2013). Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.. Applied Geography, 43, pp.","Journal article","Blinn C E; Browder J O; Pedlowski M A; Wynne R H; ",2013,"Rebuilding the Brazilian rainforest: agroforestry strategies for secondary forest succession.","Applied Geography",43,"Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, College of Natural Resources and the Environment, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State  University","United States","Not Stated","Of those farmers who moved to Rondonia under the Northwest Region Development Plan, some participated in the Rondonia Agroforestry Pilot Project (RAPP). RAPP participants were used as an experimental group while non-participants were used as a control group. Both groups were surveyed in 1992, 2002, and 2010, and site visits (for data collection) were done on the experimental farms. Data was collected on secondary forest succession, socioeconomic conditions, and household demographic characteristics and statistically analysized. While the specific agroforestry practices were not mentioned, the study describes agroforestry as being for commercial timber use, ground and bush cropping and mixed, the article also references cattle sold by farm type.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Rondonia","Tropical","None",70,"farms","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","property size, number of permanent property residents","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937091,"SF","2019-03-21","Benbi DK, Brar K, Toor AS, and Singh P. (2015). Total and labile pools of soil organic carbon in cultivated and undisturbed soils in northern India. GEODERMA, 237, pp.149-158.","Journal article","Benbi DK ; Brar K ; Toor AS ; Singh P ; ",2015,"Total and labile pools of soil organic carbon in cultivated and undisturbed soils in northern India","GeoDerma","237-238","Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University","India","Not Stated","Soil samples were taken from four different types of land use sites (uncultivated sites, agroforestry rice-wheat, agroforestry maize-wheat, and sugarcane agro-ecosystem)  and analysized for soil organic matter (SOM), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), labile pools and organic carbon fractions from different extraction methods. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","Punjab","Sub-tropical","None",440,"soil samples","lab testing method","Mixed","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A"," TOC, Carbon mineralization, quantity of macro-aggregates, quantity of extracted carbon (for each extraction method)","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on indicator variable and comparator","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373388,"SF","2019-03-20","Baral S K, Malla R, Khanal S, and Shakya R. (2013). Trees on farms: diversity, carbon pool and contribution to rural livelihoods in Kanchanpur District of Nepal.. Banko Janakari, 23(1), pp..","Journal article","Baral S K; Malla R ; Khanal S ; Shakya R ; ",2013,"Trees on farms: diversity, carbon pool and contribution to rural livelihoods in Kanchanpur District of Nepal.","Banko Janakari",23,"Northern Hardwoods Research Institute, Department of Forest Research and Survey","Canada, Nepal","Livelihoods Forestry Programmeme (LFP)","Farms in Kanchanpur were found using a satellite image. Once identified, a random sample was drawn. Then, soil carbon content was examined in four different agroforestry systems; homegardens, roadside plantations, private plantations, and agrisilviculture. SOC with in agroforestry sites (known as sites with trees on farm (TOF) within the study) was compared to regular agriculture. The study also compared species richness and diversity and contribution to income between each agroforestry practice, but not between agroforestry and the control.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Nepal","Kanchanpur District","Sub-tropical","None",45,"sample plots","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","SOC","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373388,"SF","2019-03-20","Baral S K, Malla R, Khanal S, and Shakya R. (2013). Trees on farms: diversity, carbon pool and contribution to rural livelihoods in Kanchanpur District of Nepal.. Banko Janakari, 23(1), pp..","Journal article","Baral S K; Malla R ; Khanal S ; Shakya R ; ",2013,"Trees on farms: diversity, carbon pool and contribution to rural livelihoods in Kanchanpur District of Nepal.","Banko Janakari",23,"Northern Hardwoods Research Institute, Department of Forest Research and Survey","Canada, Nepal","Livelihoods Forestry Programmeme (LFP)","Farms in Kanchanpur were found using a satellite image. Once identified, a random sample was drawn. Then, soil carbon content was examined in four different agroforestry systems; homegardens, roadside plantations, private plantations, and agrisilviculture. SOC with in agroforestry sites (known as sites with trees on farm (TOF) within the study) was compared to regular agriculture. The study also compared species richness and diversity and contribution to income between each agroforestry practice, but not between agroforestry and the control.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nepal","Kanchanpur District","Sub-tropical","None",45,"sample plots","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","SOC","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373388,"SF","2019-03-20","Baral S K, Malla R, Khanal S, and Shakya R. (2013). Trees on farms: diversity, carbon pool and contribution to rural livelihoods in Kanchanpur District of Nepal.. Banko Janakari, 23(1), pp..","Journal article","Baral S K; Malla R ; Khanal S ; Shakya R ; ",2013,"Trees on farms: diversity, carbon pool and contribution to rural livelihoods in Kanchanpur District of Nepal.","Banko Janakari",23,"Northern Hardwoods Research Institute, Department of Forest Research and Survey","Canada, Nepal","Livelihoods Forestry Programmeme (LFP)","Farms in Kanchanpur were found using a satellite image. Once identified, a random sample was drawn. Then, soil carbon content was examined in four different agroforestry systems; homegardens, roadside plantations, private plantations, and agrisilviculture. SOC with in agroforestry sites (known as sites with trees on farm (TOF) within the study) was compared to regular agriculture. The study also compared species richness and diversity and contribution to income between each agroforestry practice, but not between agroforestry and the control.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Nepal","Kanchanpur District","Sub-tropical","None",45,"sample plots","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","SOC","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937046,"SF","2019-03-16","Becker J, Pabst H, Mnyonga J, and Kuzyakov Y. (2015). Annual litterfall dynamics and nutrient deposition depending on elevation and land use at Mt. Kilimanjaro. BIOGEOSCIENCES, 12(19), pp.5635-5646.","Journal article","Becker J ; Pabst H ; Mnyonga J ; Kuzyakov Y ; ",2015,"Annual litterfall dynamics and nutrient deposition depending on elevation and land use at Mt. Kilimanjaro","Biogeosciences",12,"Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Gottingen","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Leaf litter traps were installed within 3 agroforest and 3 natural forest locations. The collected litterfall samples were then analysed for their macronutrients. The results were then analysed using nonparametric statistics.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","United Republic of Tanzania","Mt. Kilimanjaro","Tropical","None",55,"traps ","elavation, rainfall","primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","content of macronutrients","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937046,"SF","2019-03-16","Becker J, Pabst H, Mnyonga J, and Kuzyakov Y. (2015). Annual litterfall dynamics and nutrient deposition depending on elevation and land use at Mt. Kilimanjaro. BIOGEOSCIENCES, 12(19), pp.5635-5646.","Journal article","Becker J ; Pabst H ; Mnyonga J ; Kuzyakov Y ; ",2015,"Annual litterfall dynamics and nutrient deposition depending on elevation and land use at Mt. Kilimanjaro","Biogeosciences",12,"Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Gottingen","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Leaf litter traps were installed within 3 agroforest and 3 natural forest locations. The collected litterfall samples were then analysed for their macronutrients. The results were then analysed using nonparametric statistics.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","United Republic of Tanzania","Mt. Kilimanjaro","Tropical","None",55,"traps ","elavation, rainfall","primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","content of macronutrients","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32375097,"SF","2019-03-15","Awotoye O O, Ogunkunle C O, and Adeniyi S A. (2011). Assessment of soil quality under various land use practices in a humid agro-ecological zone of Nigeria.. African Journal of Plant Science, 5(10), pp..","Journal article","Awotoye O O; Ogunkunle C O; Adeniyi S A; ",2011,"Assessment of soil quality under various land use practices in a humid agro-ecological zone of Nigeria.","African Journal of Plant Science",5,"Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University","Nigeria","Not Stated","Soil samples were taken and analyzed for soil content from four sites; monoculture plantation, a mixed plantation, a fallow field and a secondary forest.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Osun State","Tropical","None",48,"soil samples","None stated","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","pH, Bulk Density, Organic matter, nitrate-nitrogen, available phosphorus","Quantitative","Mixed","Depending on comparator and indicator variable","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937114,"SF","2019-03-14","Asare R, Afari-Sefa V, Osei-Owusu Y, and Pabi O. (2014). Cocoa agroforestry for increasing forest connectivity in a fragmented landscape in Ghana. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 88(6), pp.1143-1156.","Journal article","Asare R ; Afari-Sefa V ; Osei-Owusu Y ; Pabi O ; ",2014,"Cocoa agroforestry for increasing forest connectivity in a fragmented landscape in Ghana","Agroforestry Systems",88,"University of Copenhagen- Denmark and International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)","Denmark","EU Cocoa sector support program and IITA","Surveys of local farms were done to determine economic value of cocoa agroforestry in comparison to no shade cocoa. The economic anlaysis was combined with GIS mapping to suggest location and incentives for cocoa agroforestry corridors. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Juaboso and Bia","Tropical","None",100,"farming households","farmer demographic, household characteristics, individual farm characteristics, labor input, agrochemical application levels, GPS field measurements, farmers perception of biodiversity conservation","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Yield, Total Production Cost, Total Revenue","Quantitative","Negative","Authors use the negative outcome to argue for PES (Payments for Ecosystem Services). They include cost benefit comparisons for agroforestry with different interventions  including payments for carbon sequestration at different rates","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376929,"SF","2019-04-26","Ande O T, Adediran J A, Ayoola O T, and Akinlosotu T A. (2008). Effects of land quality, management and cropping systems on cassava production in southern western Nigeria.. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(14), pp..","Journal article","Ande O T; Adediran J A; Ayoola O T; Akinlosotu T A; ",2008,"Effects of land quality, management and cropping systems on cassava production in southern western Nigeria.","African Journal of Biotechnology",7,"Institute of Agriculture Research and Training","Nigeria","Not Stated","Cassava yield was compared across 10 farmers fields in different locations with different land management strategies. The fields were from the savanna or rain forest. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Oyo  and Ogun State ","Tropical","None",30,"Plots on farmers fields","quality of soil,  suitability rating, climate, topography, cultural practices","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Cassava Yield","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939502,"SF","2019-04-22","Alabi RA, Daramola AG, and Ajibefun IA. (2004). The relative advantage of agroforestry system over arable crop farming: Empirical evidence from cocoa based agroforestry and arable crop farming systems in Oyo State, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT, 2(2), pp.169-172.","Journal article","Alabi RA ; Daramola AG ; Ajibefun IA ; ",2004,"The relative advantage of agroforestry system over arable crop farming: Empirical evidence from cocoa based agroforestry and arable crop farming systems in Oyo State, Nigeria","Food Agriculture and Environment",2,"Ambrose Alli University","Nigeria","Not Stated","Respondent farmers were randomly chosen through a three stage selection method. Data was collected on respondents inlcuding agricultural output, age, years of farming, level of education, land cropped and labor used.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Oyo State","Tropical","None",124,"farmers","None","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Value of Output","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939502,"SF","2019-04-22","Alabi RA, Daramola AG, and Ajibefun IA. (2004). The relative advantage of agroforestry system over arable crop farming: Empirical evidence from cocoa based agroforestry and arable crop farming systems in Oyo State, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT, 2(2), pp.169-172.","Journal article","Alabi RA ; Daramola AG ; Ajibefun IA ; ",2004,"The relative advantage of agroforestry system over arable crop farming: Empirical evidence from cocoa based agroforestry and arable crop farming systems in Oyo State, Nigeria","Food Agriculture and Environment",2,"Ambrose Alli University","Nigeria","Not Stated","Respondent farmers were randomly chosen through a three stage selection method. Data was collected on respondents inlcuding agricultural output, age, years of farming, level of education, land cropped and labor used.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Oyo State","Tropical","None",124,"farmers","None","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Housing and material assets ","N/A","Capital","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939502,"SF","2019-04-22","Alabi RA, Daramola AG, and Ajibefun IA. (2004). The relative advantage of agroforestry system over arable crop farming: Empirical evidence from cocoa based agroforestry and arable crop farming systems in Oyo State, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT, 2(2), pp.169-172.","Journal article","Alabi RA ; Daramola AG ; Ajibefun IA ; ",2004,"The relative advantage of agroforestry system over arable crop farming: Empirical evidence from cocoa based agroforestry and arable crop farming systems in Oyo State, Nigeria","Food Agriculture and Environment",2,"Ambrose Alli University","Nigeria","Not Stated","Respondent farmers were randomly chosen through a three stage selection method. Data was collected on respondents inlcuding agricultural output, age, years of farming, level of education, land cropped and labor used.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Oyo State","Tropical","None",124,"farmers","None","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Family Labour, Hired Labour","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937313,"SF","2019-04-13","Almarines NR, and Lapitan RL. (2014). Carbon stock determination of selected terrestrial ecosystems in the Upper Marikina Watershed, Antipolo City, Rizal Province, Philippines. ASIA LIFE SCIENCES, 23(1), pp.49-63.","Journal article","Almarines NR ; Lapitan RL",2014,"Carbon stock determination of selected terrestrial ecosystems in the Upper Marikina Watershed, Antipolo City, Rizal Province, ","Asia Life Science",23,"University of the Philippines Los Banos","Philippines","Not Stated","Sample plots were taken in five different ecosystems; grasslands, natural forests, agroforestry, plantations, and mixed reforestation. Within each sample plot a subplot was randomly sampled. (Four subplots were taken from grasslands, and one from each other ecosystem.) The total biomass and carbon density were measured in each subplot.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Philippines","Antipolo City, Rizal","Tropical","None",8,"Subplots","None","Mixed","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil organic carbon content","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937313,"SF","2019-04-13","Almarines NR, and Lapitan RL. (2014). Carbon stock determination of selected terrestrial ecosystems in the Upper Marikina Watershed, Antipolo City, Rizal Province, Philippines. ASIA LIFE SCIENCES, 23(1), pp.49-63.","Journal article","Almarines NR ; Lapitan RL",2014,"Carbon stock determination of selected terrestrial ecosystems in the Upper Marikina Watershed, Antipolo City, Rizal Province, ","Asia Life Science",23,"University of the Philippines Los Banos","Philippines","Not Stated","Sample plots were taken in five different ecosystems; grasslands, natural forests, agroforestry, plantations, and mixed reforestation. Within each sample plot a subplot was randomly sampled. (Four subplots were taken from grasslands, and one from each other ecosystem.) The total biomass and carbon density were measured in each subplot.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Philippines","Antipolo City, Rizal","Tropical","None",8,"Subplots","None","Mixed","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Biomass","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936243,"SF","2019-03-15","Asare R, Asare RA, Asante WA, Markussen B, and Raebild A. (2017). INFLUENCES OF SHADING AND FERTILIZATION ON ON-FARM YIELDS OF COCOA IN GHANA. EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE, 53(3), pp.416-431.","Journal article","Asare R ; Asare RA ; Asante WA ; Markussen B ; Raebild A ; ",2016,"INFLUENCES OF SHADING AND FERTILIZATION ON ON-FARM YIELDS OF COCOA IN GHANA","Experimental Agriculture",53,"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Copenhagen Denmark","Denmark","Not Stated","Yield, air temperature, and soil nutrient content were examined on 24 different no-shade and shaded cocoa farms.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Ashanti and Western Region","Tropical","None",24,"Farms","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","yield from cocoa trees","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936243,"SF","2019-03-15","Asare R, Asare RA, Asante WA, Markussen B, and Raebild A. (2017). INFLUENCES OF SHADING AND FERTILIZATION ON ON-FARM YIELDS OF COCOA IN GHANA. EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE, 53(3), pp.416-431.","Journal article","Asare R ; Asare RA ; Asante WA ; Markussen B ; Raebild A ; ",2016,"INFLUENCES OF SHADING AND FERTILIZATION ON ON-FARM YIELDS OF COCOA IN GHANA","Experimental Agriculture",53,"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Copenhagen Denmark","Denmark","Not Stated","Yield, air temperature, and soil nutrient content were examined on 24 different no-shade and shaded cocoa farms.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Ashanti and Western Region","Tropical","None","12, 48","tinytag thermometer, soil samples","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","temperature above the cocoa canopy, soil; ph, carbon, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium and more","Quantitative","Mixed","Neg for temp. Nuetural for soil nutrient content","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938945,"SF","2019-01-14","Bos MM, Steffan-Dewenter I, Tscharntke T 2007. 'The contribution of cacao agroforests to the conservation of lower canopy ant and beetle diversity in Indonesia'. Biodiversity Conservation 16,2429-2444.","Journal article","Bos MM, Steffan-Dewenter I, Tscharntke T",2007,"The contribution of cacao agroforests to the conservation of lower canopy ant and beetle diversity in Indonesia","Biodiversity Conservation",16,"University of Gottingen","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Samples of ant and beetle populations were taken from four different sites; forest, cacao agroforest with high numbers of native shade trees, cacao agroforests with planted shade trees, and cacao agroforest with low diversity of planted shade trees. The samples were studied for types of ants and beattles found. Then a general linear model was used to test for the effect of forest converted to agroforest on species richness and abundance. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","village of Toro, Kulawi Valley, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",63,"Trees","habitat type, specific trees within each site, and canopy cover","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","richness and abudance of species","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on insect species and canopy cover","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939084,"SF","2019-01-19","Bos M.M. et al. (2007) Insect diversity responses to forest conversion and agroforestry management. In: Tscharntke T., Leuschner C., Zeller M., Guhardja E., Bidin A. (eds) Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins. Environmental Science and Engineering (Environmental Science). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 277-294","Book chapter","Bos MM,  Hohn P, Saleh S, Buche B, Buchori D, Steffan-Dewenter I, Tscharntke T.",2007,"Insect diversity responses to forest conversion and agroforestry management","Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins","N/A","University of Gottingen","Germany","Deutsche Forshungsgemeinschaft (DFG)","Species richness and abundance was measured for beetles, ants, wasps and bees in forest sites and 3 types of agroforestry sites. Species richness and abundance were taken as means for each type of site, and environmental factors such as humidity, canopy cover, temperature and herb layer were grouped as one control factor (known as Environment) outside of site type. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Toro Village, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",352,"Traps, nests, trees","canopy cover, environment","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species richness and abundance","Quantitative","Uncertain","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374789,"SF","2019-01-23","Bote AD, Struik PC 2011, 'Effects of Shade on growth, production and quality of coffee (Coffea arabica) in Ethiopia'. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 3, 11, 336-341.","Journal article","Bote AD, Struik PC.",2011,"Effects of Shade on growth, production, and quality of coffee (Coffea Arabica) in Ethiopia","Journal of Horticulture and Forestry",3,"Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine","Ethiopia","NUFFIC","Coffee trees, their leaves, beans and soil from three different farms including those grown in shade and those not grown in shade on each farm were tested for  a range of biological factors.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Manna district, Jimma Zone","Tropical","None",3,"Farms","none","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","coffee yield, bean weight, bean size, rate of photosynthesis","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374789,"SF","2019-01-23","Bote AD, Struik PC 2011, 'Effects of Shade on growth, production and quality of coffee (Coffea arabica) in Ethiopia'. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 3, 11, 336-341.","Journal article","Bote AD, Struik PC.",2011,"Effects of Shade on growth, production, and quality of coffee (Coffea Arabica) in Ethiopia","Journal of Horticulture and Forestry",3,"Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine","Ethiopia","NUFFIC","Coffee trees, their leaves, beans and soil from three different farms including those grown in shade and those not grown in shade on each farm were tested for  a range of biological factors.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Manna district, Jimma Zone","Tropical","None",3,"Farms","none","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","transpiration rate, stomatal conductance","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374789,"SF","2019-01-23","Bote AD, Struik PC 2011, 'Effects of Shade on growth, production and quality of coffee (Coffea arabica) in Ethiopia'. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 3, 11, 336-341.","Journal article","Bote AD, Struik PC.",2011,"Effects of Shade on growth, production, and quality of coffee (Coffea Arabica) in Ethiopia","Journal of Horticulture and Forestry",3,"Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine","Ethiopia","NUFFIC","Coffee trees, their leaves, beans and soil from three different farms including those grown in shade and those not grown in shade on each farm were tested for  a range of biological factors.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Manna district, Jimma Zone","Tropical","None",3,"Farms","none","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil temp, light intensity, air temp, SLA, LAI and leaf nitrogen content","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32375529,"SF","2019-02-14","Albu A N, Lungu M, and Panaitescu L. (2010). Influence of forest curtains on crops in South Dobrogea.. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 42(3), pp..","Journal article","Albu A N; Lungu M ; Panaitescu ",2010,"Influence of forest curtains on crops in South Dobrogea.","Research Journal of Agricultural Science ",42,"Ovidius Universtiy, Dept. Natural and Agricultural Science","Romania","N/A","Researchers measured the wind speeds in areas with shelter belts and areas without shelterbelts to determine how protective the shelterbelts are.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Living fences and shelterbelts","Romania","Mangalia","Temperate","None",20,"protective forest curtains","time of day, time of year","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","wind speed","Quantitative","Mixed","when the shelterbelts were in place, wind speed was lower or nuetral behind shelterbelts depending on the time of year and day ","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938009,"SF","2019-02-14","Brown DR, Dettmann P, Rinaudo T, Tefera H, and Tofu A. (2011). Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 48(2), pp.322-333.","Journal article","Brown DR ; Dettmann P ; Rinaudo T ; Tefera H ; Tofu A ; ",2011,"Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia","Environmental Management",48,"York University, Department of International Studies","Canada","World Vision Australia and the Japanese Policy and Human Resources Development Fund, ","Qualitative information was collected  from community member observations of what occurred after the beginning of the use of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) through a program under the Clean Development Mechanisms. ","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Humbo","Tropical","None",7,"Agricultural Communities","none","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","vegatative cover, leaf litter, wildlife presence, water runoff/ erosion","Qualitative","Mixed","Positive for all but erosion which saw a negative response to agroforestry","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938009,"SF","2019-02-14","Brown DR, Dettmann P, Rinaudo T, Tefera H, and Tofu A. (2011). Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 48(2), pp.322-333.","Journal article","Brown DR ; Dettmann P ; Rinaudo T ; Tefera H ; Tofu A ; ",2011,"Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia","Environmental Management",48,"York University, Department of International Studies","Canada","World Vision Australia and the Japanese Policy and Human Resources Development Fund, ","Qualitative information was collected  from community member observations of what occurred after the beginning of the use of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) through a program under the Clean Development Mechanisms. ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Humbo","Tropical","None",7,"Agricultural Communities","none","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","vegatative cover, leaf litter, wildlife presence, water runoff/ erosion","Qualitative","Mixed","Positive for all but erosion which saw a negative response to agroforestry","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938009,"SF","2019-02-14","Brown DR, Dettmann P, Rinaudo T, Tefera H, and Tofu A. (2011). Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 48(2), pp.322-333.","Journal article","Brown DR ; Dettmann P ; Rinaudo T ; Tefera H ; Tofu A ; ",2011,"Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia","Environmental Management",48,"York University, Department of International Studies","Canada","World Vision Australia and the Japanese Policy and Human Resources Development Fund, ","Qualitative information was collected  from community member observations of what occurred after the beginning of the use of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) through a program under the Clean Development Mechanisms. ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Humbo","Tropical","None",7,"Agricultural Communities","none","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","US dollars","Qualitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938009,"SF","2019-02-14","Brown DR, Dettmann P, Rinaudo T, Tefera H, and Tofu A. (2011). Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 48(2), pp.322-333.","Journal article","Brown DR ; Dettmann P ; Rinaudo T ; Tefera H ; Tofu A ; ",2011,"Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia","Environmental Management",48,"York University, Department of International Studies","Canada","World Vision Australia and the Japanese Policy and Human Resources Development Fund, ","Qualitative information was collected  from community member observations of what occurred after the beginning of the use of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) through a program under the Clean Development Mechanisms. ","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Humbo","Tropical","None",7,"Agricultural Communities","none","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","US dollars","Qualitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938009,"SF","2019-02-14","Brown DR, Dettmann P, Rinaudo T, Tefera H, and Tofu A. (2011). Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 48(2), pp.322-333.","Journal article","Brown DR ; Dettmann P ; Rinaudo T ; Tefera H ; Tofu A ; ",2011,"Poverty Alleviation and Environmental Restoration Using the Clean Development Mechanism: A Case Study from Humbo, Ethiopia","Environmental Management",48,"York University, Department of International Studies","Canada","World Vision Australia and the Japanese Policy and Human Resources Development Fund, ","Qualitative information was collected  from community member observations of what occurred after the beginning of the use of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) through a program under the Clean Development Mechanisms. ","Yes","Incentive provision","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Humbo","Tropical","None",7,"Agricultural Communities","none","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","US dollars","Qualitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","maize yield, ","Both","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","maize yield, ","Both","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","maize yield, adoption due to extension work","Both","Positive","extension work correlated with more agroforestry adoption, and in general adoption caused greater yield","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","maize yield, adoption due to extension work","Both","Positive","extension work correlated with more agroforestry adoption, and in general adoption caused greater yield","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Gender","agroforestry adoption, maize yield","Both","Positive","gender=female caused more agroforestry adoption, and in general adoption caused greater yield","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Gender","agroforestry adoption, maize yield","Both","Positive","gender=female caused more agroforestry adoption, and in general adoption caused greater yield","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376273,"SF","Jan-5th","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J 2009, 'On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi', Agricultural Journal, 4, 6, 260-271.","Journal article","Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, Franzel S, Ajayi O, Harawa R, Makumba W, Chakeredza S, Mngomba S, Wolf J, Chianu J",2009,"On-Farm Assessment of Legume Fallows and Other Soil Fertility Management Options Used by Smallholder Farmers in Southern Malawi","Agricultural Journal",4,"World Agroforestry Centre","Malawi","Canadian Internaional Development Agency (CIDA)","Yield was compared across researcher designed farmer managed agroforestry experiments, farmer designed and managed agroforestry experiments, and agroforestry adopted due to an intervention. The sample was surveyed on demographic, farm characteristics and yield information. Various P-tests were run and descriptive statistics were tabulated. ","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malawi","Southern Malawi: Chiradzulu, Machinga  and  Zomba","Sub-tropical","None",152,"Farmers","fertilizer use, experience with agroforestry, planting date,","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Gender","agroforestry adoption, maize yield","Both","Positive","gender=female caused more agroforestry adoption, and in general adoption caused greater yield","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939640,"SF","March-1st","Cardoso IM, Van der Meer P, Oenema O, Janssen BH, and Kuyper TW. (2003). Analysis of phosphorus by (PNMR)-P-31 in Oxisols under agroforestry and conventional coffee systems in Brazil. GEODERMA, 112(1-2), pp.51-70.","Journal article","Cardoso IM ; Van der Meer P ; Oenema O ; Janssen BH ; Kuyper TW ; ",2003,"Analysis of phosphorus by (PNMR)-P-31 in Oxisols under agroforestry and conventional coffee systems in Brazil","GeoDerma",112,"Wageningen University ","Netherlands","CAPES","Samples of soil were taken from two different agroforestry cites and two conventional sites. The samples were analysed for nutrient components. The results were run through a statistical analysis to determine the significance of the findings.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Brazil","Zona de Mata, State of Minas Gerais","Tropical","None","Not Stated","Soil samples","depth of roots","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","percentage of phosphorous","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937213,"SF","March-4th","Carlson KM, Curran LM, Ponette-Gonzalez AG, Ratnasari D, Ruspita , Lisnawati N, Purwanto Y, Brauman KA, and Raymond PA. (2014). Influence of watershed-climate interactions on stream temperature, sediment yield, and metabolism along a land use intensity gradient in Indonesian Borneo. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES, 119(6), pp.1110-1128.","Journal article","Carlson KM ; Curran LM ; Ponette-Gonzalez AG ; Ratnasari D ; Ruspita  ; Lisnawati N ; Purwanto Y ; Brauman KA ; Raymond PA ; ",2014,"Influence of watershed-climate interactions on stream temperature, sediment yield, and metabolism along a land use intensity gradient in Indonesian Borneo","Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences",119,"nstitute on the Environment, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA ","United States","Indonesian Ministriy of Forestry, Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology","Using high frequency  submersible sondes, data on streams draining watersheds was collected and analysised using various linear regressions.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Indonesia","Ketapang District","Tropical","None",5,"Streams","ambient temperature, hourly precipitation, ","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","land use type, stream temperature, O2 concentration and saturation, TSS, sediment yield, metabolic measurements","Quantitative","Mixed","Positive when compared soley to an agroforest transformed into a plantation for temperature and sediment yield, positive in case of sediment yield, otherwise, nuetral in case of oxegen concentration","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936432,"SF","March-5th","Cerda R, Allinne C, Gary C, Tixier P, Harvey CA, Krolczyk L, Mathiot C, Clement E, Aubertot JN, and Avelino J. (2017). Effects of shade, altitude and management on multiple ecosystem services in coffee agroecosystems. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY, 82, pp.308-319.","Journal article","Cerda R ; Allinne C ; Gary C ; Tixier P ; Harvey CA ; Krolczyk L ; Mathiot C ; Clement E ; Aubertot JN ; Avelino J ; ",2017,"Effects of shade, altitude and management on multiple ecosystem services in coffee agroecosystems","European Journal of Agronomy",82,"CIRAD, UMR system, Montpellier, France. CATIE, Program of Sustainable Agriculture and Agroforestry, Costa Rica.","France","International Climate Initiative (ICI)","Observations were taken from different coffee plots and then categorized into three separate types of plots: monoculture coffee, agroforesty with low diversity, and agroforestry with high diversity. A linear regression was then used to determine the effect of varying variables including the plot type, on a range of productivty and ecosystem service outcomes.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Costa Rica","Turrialba","Tropical","None",69,"coffee agroecosystems","altitude,","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","coffee yield.","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936432,"SF","March-5th","Cerda R, Allinne C, Gary C, Tixier P, Harvey CA, Krolczyk L, Mathiot C, Clement E, Aubertot JN, and Avelino J. (2017). Effects of shade, altitude and management on multiple ecosystem services in coffee agroecosystems. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY, 82, pp.308-319.","Journal article","Cerda R ; Allinne C ; Gary C ; Tixier P ; Harvey CA ; Krolczyk L ; Mathiot C ; Clement E ; Aubertot JN ; Avelino J ; ",2017,"Effects of shade, altitude and management on multiple ecosystem services in coffee agroecosystems","European Journal of Agronomy",82,"CIRAD, UMR system, Montpellier, France. CATIE, Program of Sustainable Agriculture and Agroforestry, Costa Rica.","France","International Climate Initiative (ICI)","Observations were taken from different coffee plots and then categorized into three separate types of plots: monoculture coffee, agroforesty with low diversity, and agroforestry with high diversity. A linear regression was then used to determine the effect of varying variables including the plot type, on a range of productivty and ecosystem service outcomes.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Costa Rica","Turrialba","Tropical","None",69,"coffee agroecosystems","altitude,","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","acidity level of soil, Potassium level of soil, carbon stock","Quantitative","Mixed","soil acidity negative, K pos, carbon stock pos","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32372414,"SF","March-7th","Chendev Y G, Sauer T J, Ramirez G H, and Burras C L. (2015). History of east European Chernozem soil degradation; protection and restoration by tree windbreaks in the Russian steppe.. Sustainability, 7(1), pp..","Journal article","Chendev Y G; Sauer T J; Ramirez G H; Burras C L; ",2015,"History of east European Chernozem soil degradation; protection and restoration by tree windbreaks in the Russian steppe.","Sustainability",7,"Department of Natural Resources Management and Land Cadastre, Belgorod State University ","Russia","Not Stated","Soil samples were taken from steppe windbreaks and surrounding arable land to examine the soil organic carbon content and bulk density. The results were then run through a statistical analysis to determine 95% confidence interval.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Russia","Central Russian Upland","Temperate","None",18,"soil samples","soil depth","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil horizon and thickness, SOC stock, ","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376107,"SF","March-8th","Coelho R A, Matsumoto S N, Lemos C L, and Souza F A. de. (2010). Nivel de sombreamento, umidade do solo e morfologia do cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais.. Revista Ceres, 57(1), pp..","Journal article","Coelho R A; Matsumoto S N; Lemos C L; Souza F A. de; ",2010,"Nivel de sombreamento, umidade do solo e morfologia do cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais.","Revista Ceres",57,"State University of the Southwest of Bahia","Brazil","Foundation for Research Support of the State of Bahia","Soil samples, photosynthectic radiation and physical attributes of coffee plants were analysed to determine the statistically significant difference in attributes between agroforestry systems, monocultures, and forests. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Bahia","Tropical","None",18,"soil samples","month data was recorded, shading","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","permanent wilting point, field capacity, soil gravimetric moisture, rhizospheric composition","Quantitative","Uncertain","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376107,"SF","March-8th","Coelho R A, Matsumoto S N, Lemos C L, and Souza F A. de. (2010). Nivel de sombreamento, umidade do solo e morfologia do cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais.. Revista Ceres, 57(1), pp..","Journal article","Coelho R A; Matsumoto S N; Lemos C L; Souza F A. de; ",2010,"Nivel de sombreamento, umidade do solo e morfologia do cafeeiro em sistemas agroflorestais.","Revista Ceres",57,"State University of the Southwest of Bahia","Brazil","Foundation for Research Support of the State of Bahia","Soil samples, photosynthectic radiation and physical attributes of coffee plants were analysed to determine the statistically significant differences in attributes between agroforestry systems, monocultures, and forests. Photosynthetic radiation was measured at the street level and canopy level.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Bahia","Tropical","None","not clear","points surrounding coffee trees where RFA can be measured","month data was recorded, shadow shift, shading of the system","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","Photosynthetically Active Radiation level","Quantitative","Uncertain","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32371314,"SF","March-10th","Colmenares P, C H Silva P, A Mogollon O, and A M. (2016). Impacts of different coffee systems on soil microbial populations at different altitudes in Villavicencio (Colombia).. Agronomia Colombiana, 34(2), pp..","Journal article","Colmenares P ; C H Silva P; A Mogollon O; A M ; ",2016,"Impacts of different coffee systems on soil microbial populations at different altitudes in Villavicencio (Colombia).","Colombian Agronomy",34,"Universidad de Los Llanos","Colombia","Not Stated","Soil samples were taken from two different depths, at two different altitudes, in three agricultural crop areas; monoculture coffee, agroforestry coffee, and monoculture fruit trees. Samples were studied to find their fungus population, Actinomycetes population, and Bacterial population.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Colombia","Villavicencio","Tropical","None",36,"Soil samples","depth of sample, altitude of crop","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Fungus, Actinomycetesand Bacterial populations","Quantitative","Mixed","Positive for Bacterial and Actinomycete population, uncertain for fungus pop.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937435,"SF","March-11th","Leuschner C, Moser G, Hertel D, Erasmi S, Leitner D, Culmsee H, Schuldt B, and Schwendenmann L. (2013). Conversion of tropical moist forest into cacao agroforest: consequences for carbon pools and annual C sequestration. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 87(5), pp.1173-1187.","Journal article","Leuschner C ; Moser G ; Hertel D ; Erasmi S ; Leitner D ; Culmsee H ; Schuldt B ; Schwendenmann L ; ",2013,"Conversion of tropical moist forest into cacao agroforest: consequences for carbon pools and annual C sequestration","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Go ?ttingen ","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Plots in both forest and cacao agroforest locations were compared on the basis of total biomass, leaves, branches, roots, total belowground biomass, total above ground biomass and carbon stocks within the biomass. In the statistical analysis, data was averaged and then compared.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Kulawi Valley, Bolabapu, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",7,"soil samples","none","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","soil organic carbon content","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937435,"SF","March-11th","Leuschner C, Moser G, Hertel D, Erasmi S, Leitner D, Culmsee H, Schuldt B, and Schwendenmann L. (2013). Conversion of tropical moist forest into cacao agroforest: consequences for carbon pools and annual C sequestration. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 87(5), pp.1173-1187.","Journal article","Leuschner C ; Moser G ; Hertel D ; Erasmi S ; Leitner D ; Culmsee H ; Schuldt B ; Schwendenmann L ; ",2013,"Conversion of tropical moist forest into cacao agroforest: consequences for carbon pools and annual C sequestration","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Go ?ttingen ","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Plots in both forest and cacao agroforest locations were compared on the basis of total biomass, leaves, branches, roots, total belowground biomass, total above ground biomass and carbon stocks within the biomass. In the statistical analysis, data was averaged and then compared.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Kulawi Valley, Bolabapu, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",18,"plots","none","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","leaves, roots, branches, stems, cacao pods, cacao beans, ","Quantitative","Negative","results for net primary production","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937435,"SF","March-11th","Leuschner C, Moser G, Hertel D, Erasmi S, Leitner D, Culmsee H, Schuldt B, and Schwendenmann L. (2013). Conversion of tropical moist forest into cacao agroforest: consequences for carbon pools and annual C sequestration. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 87(5), pp.1173-1187.","Journal article","Leuschner C ; Moser G ; Hertel D ; Erasmi S ; Leitner D ; Culmsee H ; Schuldt B ; Schwendenmann L ; ",2013,"Conversion of tropical moist forest into cacao agroforest: consequences for carbon pools and annual C sequestration","Agroforestry Systems",87,"University of Go ?ttingen ","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Plots in both forest and cacao agroforest locations were compared on the basis of total biomass, leaves, branches, roots, total belowground biomass, total above ground biomass and carbon stocks within the biomass. In the statistical analysis, data was averaged and then compared.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Kulawi Valley, Bolabapu, Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",18,"plots","none","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","leaf biomass, aboveground biomass, root biomass, branches, stems","Quantitative","Negative","results for biomass","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376967,"SF","March- 15th","Li FangDong ; Meng Ping ; Fu Dali ; Wang BaoPing. (2008) Light distribtion, photosynthetic rate and yield in a Paulownia-wheat intercropping system in China. Agroforestry Systems.74:163-172.","Journal article","Li FangDong ; Meng Ping ; Fu Dali ; Wang BaoPing ; ",2008,"Light distribution, photosynthetic rate and yield in a Paulownia-wheat intercropping system in China","Agroforestry Systems",74,"Chinese Academy of Forestry","People's Republic of China","State Forestry Bureau","Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), leaf photosynthesis, canopy leaf area index (LAI) and crop yield were measured to determine the effect of Paulownia shading on crop yield. Yield was measured through the number of grains at harvest.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","China","Jiangcun Forest Farm, Fugou County, Henan Province","Sub-tropical","None",8,"sampling location","shade, ","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","PAR, LAI, leaf area, crop yield,","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936592,"SF","March-15th","Li TY, He BH, Zhang Y, Tian JL, He XR, Yao Y, and Chen XY. (2016). Fractal analysis of soil physical and chemical properties in five tree-cropping systems in southwestern China. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 90(3), pp.457-468.","Journal article","Li TY ; He BH ; Zhang Y ; Tian JL ; He XR ; Yao Y ; Chen XY ; ",2016,"Fractal analysis of soil physical and chemical properties in five tree-cropping systems in southwestern China","Agroforestry Systems",90,"College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University","China","Chinese Forestry Specific Research Grant for Public Benefits (No. 201104043) and Chongqing Science and Technology Grant (No. CSTC2009AB1115) ","Soil quality was observed through the amount of soil organic material, soil particle size distribution, soil total nitrogen, fractal dimension of soil particle size distribution, soil bulk density, and soil porosity, in four citrus agroforestry systems as compared to one citrus monoculture. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","China","Bishan County, Chongqing municipality","Sub-tropical","None",5,"tree cropping system","None stated","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","fractal dimensions, particle size distribution, soil bulk density, soil porosity, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32382905,"SF","April-12th","Aleixo S, Gama-Rodrigues AC, Costa MG, Sales MVS, Gama-Rodrigues EF, and Marques JRB. (2017). P transformations in cacao agroforests soils in the Atlantic forest region of Bahia, Brazil. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 91(3), pp.423-437.","Journal article","Aleixo S ; Gama-Rodrigues AC ; Costa MG ; Sales MVS ; Gama-Rodrigues EF ; Marques JRB ; ",2017,"P transformations in cacao agroforests soils in the Atlantic forest region of Bahia, Brazil","Agroforestry Systems",91,"State University of North Fluminese","Brazil","Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development and FAPERJ","Five inorganic phosphorus fractions, three organic fractions and one residual fraction was examined and compared in 6  different cacao agroforestry systems, a natural forest and unfertilized pasture.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Bahia","Tropical","None",120,"soil samples","fertilizer use","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","inorganic, organic and residual fractions","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","not applicable","not applicable"]
[32382905,"SF","April-12th","Aleixo S, Gama-Rodrigues AC, Costa MG, Sales MVS, Gama-Rodrigues EF, and Marques JRB. (2017). P transformations in cacao agroforests soils in the Atlantic forest region of Bahia, Brazil. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 91(3), pp.423-437.","Journal article","Aleixo S ; Gama-Rodrigues AC ; Costa MG ; Sales MVS ; Gama-Rodrigues EF ; Marques JRB ; ",2017,"P transformations in cacao agroforests soils in the Atlantic forest region of Bahia, Brazil","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",91,"State University of North Fluminese","Brazil","Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development and FAPERJ","Five inorganic phosphorus fractions, three organic fractions and one residual fraction was examined and compared in 6  different cacao agroforestry systems, a natural forest and unfertilized pasture.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Bahia","Tropical","None",120,"soil samples","fertilizer use","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","inorganic, organic and residual fractions","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31939481,"PH","2018-01-31","Alfaia SS, Ribeiro GA, Nobre AD, Luizao RC, and Luizao FJ. (2004). Evaluation of soil fertility in smallholder agroforestry systems and pastures in western Amazonia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 102(3), pp.409-414.","Journal article","Alfaia Sonia S,Ribeiro Gilberto.A,Nobre Antonia.D,Luizao,Regina.C,Luizao Flavio.J",2004,"Evaluation of soil fertility in smallholder agroforestry\nsystems and pastures in western Amazonia","Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ",102,"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia","Brazil","N/A"," The paper evaluates the capability of agroforestry to restore mineral nutrients after a slash and burn of forests","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonia","Tropical","None",9,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Potassium","Quantitative","Negative","AFS lower than pastures","No","No","No","No"]
[31939481,"PH","2018-01-31","Alfaia SS, Ribeiro GA, Nobre AD, Luizao RC, and Luizao FJ. (2004). Evaluation of soil fertility in smallholder agroforestry systems and pastures in western Amazonia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 102(3), pp.409-414.","Journal article","Alfaia Sonia S,Ribeiro Gilberto.A,Nobre Antonia.D,Luizao,Regina.C,Luizao Flavio.J",2004,"Evaluation of soil fertility in smallholder agroforestry\nsystems and pastures in western Amazonia","Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ",102,"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia","Brazil","N/A"," The paper evaluates the capability of agroforestry to restore mineral nutrients after a slash and burn of forests","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonia","Tropical","None",9,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Phosphorus","Quantitative","Neutral","NA ","No","No","No","No"]
[31939481,"PH","2018-01-31","Alfaia SS, Ribeiro GA, Nobre AD, Luizao RC, and Luizao FJ. (2004). Evaluation of soil fertility in smallholder agroforestry systems and pastures in western Amazonia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 102(3), pp.409-414.","Journal article","Alfaia Sonia S,Ribeiro Gilberto.A,Nobre Antonia.D,Luizao,Regina.C,Luizao Flavio.J",2004,"Evaluation of soil fertility in smallholder agroforestry\nsystems and pastures in western Amazonia","Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ",102,"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia","Brazil","N/A"," The paper evaluates the capability of agroforestry to restore mineral nutrients after a slash and burn of forests","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonia","Tropical","None",9,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic Carbon","Quantitative","Positive","AFS higher pasture","No","No","No","No"]
[31936668,"PH","2018-02-15","Villanueva-Lopez G, Martinez-Zurimendi P, Ramirez-Aviles L, Aryal DR, and Casanova-Lugo F. (2016). Live fences reduce the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of soil CO2 emissions in livestock systems. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 36(1), pp..","Journal article","Villanueva-López Gilberto ,Martínez-Zurimendi Pablo,  Ramírez-Avilés LuisAryal,Aryal Deb R,  Casanova-Lugo Fernando",2016,"Live fences reduce the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of soil CO2 emissions in livestock systems","Agronomy for sustainable development",36,"El Colegio de la Frontera Sur","Mexico","National Council for Science and Technology","This study compares the potential of G. sepium trees to reduce the variability of CO2 emissions and soil temperature compared to livestock systems in grass monoculture (GM). ","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Mexico","Tabasco","Tropical","None",18,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Co2 emissions","Quantitative","Neutral","No difference between the 2 systems","No","No","No","No"]
[31936668,"PH","2018-02-15","Villanueva-Lopez G, Martinez-Zurimendi P, Ramirez-Aviles L, Aryal DR, and Casanova-Lugo F. (2016). Live fences reduce the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of soil CO2 emissions in livestock systems. AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 36(1), pp..","Journal article","Villanueva-López Gilberto ,Martínez-Zurimendi Pablo,  Ramírez-Avilés LuisAryal,Aryal Deb R,  Casanova-Lugo Fernando",2016,"Live fences reduce the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations of soil CO2 emissions in livestock systems","Agronomy for sustainable development",36,"El Colegio de la Frontera Sur","Mexico","National Council for Science and Technology","This study compares the potential of G. sepium trees to reduce the variability of CO2 emissions and soil temperature compared to livestock systems in grass monoculture (GM). ","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Mexico","Tabasco","Tropical","None",18,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Environmental humidity","Quantitative","Positive","Live finces increase environmental humidity","No","No","No","No"]
[32374531,"PH","2018-02-26","Alake Biswas, Alamgir M, Haque S M. S, and Osman K T. (2012). Study on soils under shifting cultivation and other land use categories in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh.. Journal of Forestry Research, 23(2), pp..","Journal article","Alake Biswas, Alamgir M , Haque S M. S, Osman K T",2012,"Study on soils under shifting cultivation and other land use categories in Chittagong Hill Tracts","Journal of Forestry Research",23,"University of Chittagong","Bangladesh","N/A","This study compares the water-holding capacity,organic carbon,available Phosphorus,Ca,Mg, K, under different agro forestry against the shifting cultivated sites","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Bangladesh","Chittagong","Tropical","None",25,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bulk density","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374531,"PH","2018-02-26","Alake Biswas, Alamgir M, Haque S M. S, and Osman K T. (2012). Study on soils under shifting cultivation and other land use categories in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh.. Journal of Forestry Research, 23(2), pp..","Journal article","Alake Biswas, Alamgir M , Haque S M. S, Osman K T",2012,"Study on soils under shifting cultivation and other land use categories in Chittagong Hill Tracts","Journal of Forestry Research",23,"University of Chittagong","Bangladesh","N/A","The suitability of maize under two fertilizer tree fallow systems were evaluated by farmers.  Gliricidia-maize plot with  Fertilizer treatments and maize plots served as controls to ass which practice would give a better performance","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Bangladesh","Chittagong","Tropical","None",25,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Field capacity","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[32374531,"PH","2018-02-26","Alake Biswas, Alamgir M, Haque S M. S, and Osman K T. (2012). Study on soils under shifting cultivation and other land use categories in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh.. Journal of Forestry Research, 23(2), pp..","Journal article","Alake Biswas, Alamgir M , Haque S M. S, Osman K T",2012,"Study on soils under shifting cultivation and other land use categories in Chittagong Hill Tracts","Journal of Forestry Research",23,"University of Chittagong","Bangladesh","N/A","The suitability of maize under two fertilizer tree fallow systems were evaluated by farmers.  Gliricidia-maize plot with  Fertilizer treatments and maize plots served as controls to ass which practice would give a better performance","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Bangladesh","Chittagong","Tropical","None",25,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic carbon","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938592,"PH","2018-03-31","Ambinakudige S, and Sathish BN. (2009). Comparing tree diversity and composition in coffee farms and sacred forests in the Western Ghats of India. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 18(4), pp.987-1000.","Journal article","Ambinakudige Shrinidhi , Sathish B,N",2009,"Comparing tree diversity and composition in coffee farms and sacred forests in the Western Ghats of India","Biodiversity and Conservation",18,"Misissippi State University","United States of America","N/A","The study compares the plant diversity under two diffrent coffee management systems one with shade coffee and the other with sacred grove system","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","India","Ghats","Tropical","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Plant diversity","Quantitative","Negative","Coffee shades(agroforesry)  actually reduce the plant bio-diversity.It disturbes the normal plant bio-diversity from the way it used to be.It is compered with the grove management system and it shows a reduction in plant bio-diversity.","No","No","No","No"]
[32376537,"PH","2018-03-06","Arvind Bijalwan, Sharma C M, Sah V K, and Raj A J. (2009). Structure and composition of trees and their effect on crop yield in existing agrihortisilvicultural and agrihorticultural systems of Garhwal Himalaya.. Indian Journal of Agroforestry, 11(2), pp..","Journal article","Arvind Bijalwan , Sharma C M, Sah V K, Raj A J, ",2009,"Structure and composition of trees and their effect on crop yield in existing agrihortisilvicultural and agrihorticultural systems of Garhwal Himalaya.","Indian Journal of Agroforestry",11,"College of Forestry and Environment,Allahabad Agricultural Institute Deemed University,Allahabad","India","N/A","The study evaluates the productivity (productivity of grain and seeds i.e economic productivity ,straw,biological productivity under agrihortisilviculture(AHS) as compared to sole agriculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Himalaya","Multiple","None",80,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Grain yield","Quantitative","Negative","Under AHS system that was a reduction in biological or total yield due to competition in light nutriet,light and water ,Productctivity of grain and seeds (economic productivity) and straw per kg/ha/yr was low as compared to sole agriculture","No","No","No","No"]
[32376537,"PH","2018-03-06","Arvind Bijalwan, Sharma C M, Sah V K, and Raj A J. (2009). Structure and composition of trees and their effect on crop yield in existing agrihortisilvicultural and agrihorticultural systems of Garhwal Himalaya.. Indian Journal of Agroforestry, 11(2), pp..","Journal article","Arvind Bijalwan , Sharma C M, Sah V K, Raj A J, ",2009,"Structure and composition of trees and their effect on crop yield in existing agrihortisilvicultural and agrihorticultural systems of Garhwal Himalaya.","Indian Journal of Agroforestry",11,"College of Forestry and Environment,Allahabad Agricultural Institute Deemed University,Allahabad","India","N/A","The study evaluates the productivity (productivity of grain and seeds i.e economic productivity ,straw,biological productivity under agrihortisilviculture(AHS) as compared to sole agriculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Himalaya","Multiple","None",80,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shannon-Wiener index","Quantitative","Positive","Increased diversity","No","No","No","No"]
[32376537,"PH","2018-03-06","Arvind Bijalwan, Sharma C M, Sah V K, and Raj A J. (2009). Structure and composition of trees and their effect on crop yield in existing agrihortisilvicultural and agrihorticultural systems of Garhwal Himalaya.. Indian Journal of Agroforestry, 11(2), pp..","Journal article","Arvind Bijalwan , Sharma C M, Sah V K, Raj A J, ",2009,"Structure and composition of trees and their effect on crop yield in existing agrihortisilvicultural and agrihorticultural systems of Garhwal Himalaya.","Indian Journal of Agroforestry",11,"College of Forestry and Environment,Allahabad Agricultural Institute Deemed University,Allahabad","India","N/A","The study evaluates the productivity (productivity of grain and seeds i.e economic productivity ,straw,biological productivity under agrihortisilviculture(AHS) as compared to sole agriculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Himalaya","Multiple","None",80,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Simpson index","Quantitative","Negative","Concentration of dominance decreases","No","No","No","No"]
[31937361,"PH","2018-03-07","Angarita O, Montes-Correa AC, and Renjifo JM. (2014). Amphibians and reptiles of an agroforestry system in the Colombian Caribbean. AMPHIBIAN & REPTILE CONSERVATION, 8(1), pp.34-52.","Journal article","Angarita O , Montes-Correa AC , Renjifo JM , ",2014,"Amphibians and reptiles of an agroforestry system in the Colombian Caribbean","Amphibian & Reptiles",8,"Universidad del Magdalena","Colombia","N/A","This study assesses the chnages in the land use (structural forests i.e agro forests) affects the communities of amphibians and \nreptiles ","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Entomoforestry","Colombia","Magdalena","Tropical","None",880,"Observation hour","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Amphibian diversity","Quantitative","Negative","The change of land use to agro forestry affects the spatial distribution of species of reptiles and amphibians.The introduction of agroforests results in al-\nterations of the spatial distribution of species, restricting \nthem to small remnants of native forest. \n\nAmphibians and reptiles of an agroforestry system in the Colombian Caribbean (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275025931_Amphibians_and_reptiles_of_an_agroforestry_system_in_the_Colombian_Caribbean [accessed Mar 07 2018].","No","No","No","No"]
[31937361,"PH","2018-03-07","Angarita O, Montes-Correa AC, and Renjifo JM. (2014). Amphibians and reptiles of an agroforestry system in the Colombian Caribbean. AMPHIBIAN & REPTILE CONSERVATION, 8(1), pp.34-52.","Journal article","Angarita O , Montes-Correa AC , Renjifo JM , ",2014,"Amphibians and reptiles of an agroforestry system in the Colombian Caribbean","Amphibian & Reptiles",8,"Universidad del Magdalena","Colombia","N/A","This study assesses the chnages in the land use (structural forests i.e agro forests) affects the communities of amphibians and \nreptiles ","No","None","Yes","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Entomoforestry","Colombia","Magdalena","Tropical","None",880,"Observation hour","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Reptilian diversity","Quantitative","Negative","The change of land use to agro forestry affects the spatial distribution of species of reptiles and amphibians.The introduction of agroforests results in al-\nterations of the spatial distribution of species, restricting \nthem to small remnants of native forest. \n\nAmphibians and reptiles of an agroforestry system in the Colombian Caribbean (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275025931_Amphibians_and_reptiles_of_an_agroforestry_system_in_the_Colombian_Caribbean [accessed Mar 07 2018].","No","No","No","No"]
[32376679,"PH","2018-03-07","Arvind Bijalwan, Sharma C M, and Sah V K. (2009). Productivity status of traditional agrisilviculture system on northern and southern aspects in mid-hill situation of Garhwal Himalaya, India.. Journal of Forestry Research, 20(2), pp..","Journal article","Arvind Bijalwan , Sharma C M, Sah V K, Raj A J, ",2009,"Productivity status of traditional agrisilviculture system on northern and southern aspects in mid-hill situation of Garhwal Himalaya, India.","Journal of Forestry Research",20," Allahabad Agricultural Institute- Deemed University\n","India","Himalaya","The study compares productivity (biological and overall) of traditional ag\nrisilviculture system (agricultural crops + tr\nees) and sole cropping (without trees) ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Living fences and shelterbelts","India","Chamba block of Tehri Garhwal di\nstrict in Uttarakhand, Indi","Sub-tropical","None","N/A","N/A","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Total productivity","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938293,"PH","2018-03-07","Asase A, and Tetteh DA. (2010). The role of complex agroforestry systems in the conservation of forest tree diversity and structure in southeastern Ghana. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 79(3), pp.355-368.","Journal article","Asase Alex , Tetteh A Daniel ",2010,"The role of complex agroforestry systems in the conservation of forest tree diversity and structure in southeastern Ghana","Agroforest Systems",79,"University of Ghana","Ghana","South-eastern Ghana","The focus of the study to understand difference in the tree species richness between  mixed crop agroforestry and natural forest(comparator)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ghana","South east Ghana","Tropical","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shannon-Wiener index","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938293,"PH","2018-03-07","Asase A, and Tetteh DA. (2010). The role of complex agroforestry systems in the conservation of forest tree diversity and structure in southeastern Ghana. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 79(3), pp.355-368.","Journal article","Asase Alex , Tetteh A Daniel ",2010,"The role of complex agroforestry systems in the conservation of forest tree diversity and structure in southeastern Ghana","Agroforest Systems",79,"University of Ghana","Ghana","South-eastern Ghana","The focus of the study to understand difference in the tree species richness between  mixed crop agroforestry and natural forest(comparator)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ghana","South east Ghana","Tropical","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Stem density","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938293,"PH","2018-03-07","Asase A, and Tetteh DA. (2010). The role of complex agroforestry systems in the conservation of forest tree diversity and structure in southeastern Ghana. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 79(3), pp.355-368.","Journal article","Asase Alex , Tetteh A Daniel ",2010,"The role of complex agroforestry systems in the conservation of forest tree diversity and structure in southeastern Ghana","Agroforest Systems",79,"University of Ghana","Ghana","South-eastern Ghana","The focus of the study to understand difference in the tree species richness between  mixed crop agroforestry and natural forest(comparator)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ghana","South east Ghana","Tropical","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Basal area of trees per unit area ","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","No","No"]
[31938309,"PH","2018-03-08","Asase A, Ofori-Frimpong K, and Ekpe PK. (2010). Impact of cocoa farming on vegetation in an agricultural landscape in Ghana. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 48(2), pp.338-346.","Journal article","Asase Alex , Ofori-Frimpong Kwani , Ekpe K Patrick",2010,"Impact of cocoa farming on vegetation in an agricultural landscape in Ghana","African Journal of Ecology",48,"University of Ghana","Ghana","Cadbury-Schweppes, U.K","This study is assessing how the shaded cocoa faming affects the tree specie richness,vegetation homogeneity and tree size .The shaded cocoa farmlands were located at Adjeikrom in the Fanteakwa District while the comparator is  unshaded cocoa farmlands were located about 10 km from Kwabeng in the Atewa District ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Eastern Region of Ghana","Tropical","None",42,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shannon-Wiener index","Quantitative","Negative","Diveristy decreases in shaded cocoa","No","No","No","No"]
[31938309,"PH","2018-03-08","Asase A, Ofori-Frimpong K, and Ekpe PK. (2010). Impact of cocoa farming on vegetation in an agricultural landscape in Ghana. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 48(2), pp.338-346.","Journal article","Asase Alex , Ofori-Frimpong Kwani , Ekpe K Patrick",2010,"Impact of cocoa farming on vegetation in an agricultural landscape in Ghana","African Journal of Ecology",48,"University of Ghana","Ghana","Cadbury-Schweppes, U.K","This study is assessing how the shaded cocoa faming affects the tree specie richness,vegetation homogeneity and tree size .The shaded cocoa farmlands were located at Adjeikrom in the Fanteakwa District while the comparator is  unshaded cocoa farmlands were located about 10 km from Kwabeng in the Atewa District ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Eastern Region of Ghana","Tropical","None",42,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Jaccard Similarity index","Quantitative","Negative","Similarity between forest and shaded cocoa decreases","No","No","No","No"]
[32371284,"PH","2018-03-29","Ellannia L D, Setiawan A, and Niswati A. (2016). Litter and soil carbon stock in cultivated and natural area of Intergrated Forest for Conservation Education of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park.. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 21(3), pp..","Journal article","Ellannia D Leoni, Setiawan Agus, Niswati Ainin",2016,"Litter and Soil Carbon Stock in Cultivated and Natural Area of\nIntergrated Forest for Conservation Education of Wan\nAbdul Rachman Great Forest Park","Jurnal Tanah Tropika",21,"University of Lampung","Indonesia","N/A","The paper aims to study how land use and soil depth affect litter and soil carbon in natural and cultivated area.The study was conducted in Integrated Forest for Conversation Education of Wan Abdul Rachman (ITCE) Great Forest Park.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Indonesia","Bandarlampung","Tropical","None",6,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil carbon stock","Quantitative","Negative","Natural forest had higher carbon content","No","No","No","No"]
[32371284,"PH","2018-03-29","Ellannia L D, Setiawan A, and Niswati A. (2016). Litter and soil carbon stock in cultivated and natural area of Intergrated Forest for Conservation Education of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park.. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 21(3), pp..","Journal article","Ellannia D Leoni, Setiawan Agus, Niswati Ainin",2016,"Litter and Soil Carbon Stock in Cultivated and Natural Area of\nIntergrated Forest for Conservation Education of Wan\nAbdul Rachman Great Forest Park","Jurnal Tanah Tropika",21,"University of Lampung","Indonesia","N/A","The paper aims to study how land use and soil depth affect litter and soil carbon in natural and cultivated area.The study was conducted in Integrated Forest for Conversation Education of Wan Abdul Rachman (ITCE) Great Forest Park.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Indonesia","Bandarlampung","Tropical","None",6,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Litter C stock","Quantitative","Neutral","No significant difference between natural forest and agorforestry plots"]
[31937239,"PH","2018-04-04","Gelaw AM, Singh BR, and Lal R. (2014). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 188, pp.256-263.","Journal article","Gelaw Aweke\nM , Singh BR , Lal R ",2014,"Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia","Agriculture,\nEcosystems\nand\nEnvironment",188,"Norwegian\nUniversity\nof\nLife\nSciences","\nNorway","International\nFoundation\nfor\nScience\n(IFS) and Norwegian\nState\nEducation\nLoan\nFund","The study was undertaken to understand the effects of agroforestry change on soil carbon storage in the semi-arid Northern Ethiopia","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Ethiopia","Tigray\nRegional\nState","Temperate","None",8,"Points","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Organnic Carbon","Quantitative","Positive","Concentrations of SOC and TN in Agroforestry land uses were also higher than those in the control or rain fed production","No","No","No","No"]
[31937239,"PH","2018-04-04","Gelaw AM, Singh BR, and Lal R. (2014). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 188, pp.256-263.","Journal article","Gelaw Aweke\nM , Singh BR , Lal R ",2014,"Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia","Agriculture,\nEcosystems\nand\nEnvironment",188,"Norwegian\nUniversity\nof\nLife\nSciences","\nNorway","International\nFoundation\nfor\nScience\n(IFS) and Norwegian\nState\nEducation\nLoan\nFund","The study was undertaken to understand the effects of agroforestry change on soil carbon storage in the semi-arid Northern Ethiopia","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Ethiopia","Tigray\nRegional\nState","Temperate","None",8,"Points","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Total Nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","Concentrations of SOC and TN in Agroforestry land uses were also higher than those in the control or rain fed production","No","No","No","No"]
[31937239,"PH","2018-04-04","Gelaw AM, Singh BR, and Lal R. (2014). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 188, pp.256-263.","Journal article","Gelaw Aweke\nM , Singh BR , Lal R ",2014,"Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia","Agriculture,\nEcosystems\nand\nEnvironment",188,"Norwegian\nUniversity\nof\nLife\nSciences","\nNorway","International\nFoundation\nfor\nScience\n(IFS) and Norwegian\nState\nEducation\nLoan\nFund","The study was undertaken to understand the effects of agroforestry change on soil carbon storage in the semi-arid Northern Ethiopia","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Ethiopia","Tigray\nRegional\nState","Temperate","None",8,"Points","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Bulk density","Quantitative","Positive","Concentrations of SOC and TN in Agroforestry land uses were also higher than those in the control or rain fed production","No","No","No","No"]
[31937239,"PH","2018-04-04","Gelaw AM, Singh BR, and Lal R. (2014). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 188, pp.256-263.","Journal article","Gelaw Aweke\nM , Singh BR , Lal R ",2014,"Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia","Agriculture,\nEcosystems\nand\nEnvironment",188,"Norwegian\nUniversity\nof\nLife\nSciences","Norway","International\nFoundation\nfor\nScience\n(IFS) and Norwegian\nState\nEducation\nLoan\nFund","The study was undertaken to understand the effects of silvapostoral change on soil carbon storage in the semi-arid Northern Ethiopia","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Ethiopia","Tigray\nRegional\nState","Temperate","None",8,"Points","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Total Nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","Concentrations of SOC and TN in silvopastoral land uses were also higher than those in the control or rainfed production.","No","No","No","No"]
[31937239,"PH","2018-04-04","Gelaw AM, Singh BR, and Lal R. (2014). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 188, pp.256-263.","Journal article","Gelaw Aweke\nM , Singh BR , Lal R ",2014,"Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks under different land uses in a semi-arid watershed in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia","Agriculture,\nEcosystems\nand\nEnvironment",188,"Norwegian\nUniversity\nof\nLife\nSciences","Norway","International\nFoundation\nfor\nScience\n(IFS) and Norwegian\nState\nEducation\nLoan\nFund","The study was undertaken to understand the effects of silvapostoral change on soil carbon storage in the semi-arid Northern Ethiopia","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Ethiopia","Tigray\nRegional\nState","Temperate","None",8,"Points","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil Organic Carbon","Quantitative","Positive","Concentrations of SOC and TN in silvopastoral land uses were also higher than those in the control or rainfed production.","No","No","No","No"]
[32375272,"PH","2018-04-10","Giraldo C, Escobar F, Chara J D, and Calle Z. (2011). The adoption of silvopastoral systems promotes the recovery of ecological processes regulated by dung beetles in the Colombian Andes.. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 4(2), pp..","Journal article","Giraldo Carolina , Escobar Federico , Chara Julian D, Calle Zoraida ",2011,"The adoption of silvopastoral systems promotes the recovery of ecological processes regulated by dung beetles in the Colombian Andes","Insect Conservation and Diversity",4,"Instituto de Ecología","Colombia","Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología and Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje","The paper explains the differences in stability of the ecosystem and biodiversity bbetween convention cattle ranching and silvapastoral(use of shrubs and fodder trees).This study evaluates the recovery of some of the ecological services in which these play a role by comparing treeless improved pastures with those that have converted to silvapastoral since conventional monoculture requires spraying of insecticide which kills the insects.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Colombia","Central Cordillera","Temperate","None",3,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Adult fly abundance","Both","Positive","Sillvapastoral increases betttle abaundance because there are no agrochemicals used as oppoosed ti Improved Pastoral which used herbicides with a negative effectin better survival.","No","No","No","No"]
[32375272,"PH","2018-04-10","Giraldo C, Escobar F, Chara J D, and Calle Z. (2011). The adoption of silvopastoral systems promotes the recovery of ecological processes regulated by dung beetles in the Colombian Andes.. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 4(2), pp..","Journal article","Giraldo Carolina , Escobar Federico , Chara Julian D, Calle Zoraida ",2011,"The adoption of silvopastoral systems promotes the recovery of ecological processes regulated by dung beetles in the Colombian Andes","Insect Conservation and Diversity",4,"Instituto de Ecología","Colombia","Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología and Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje","The paper explains the differences in stability of the ecosystem and biodiversity bbetween convention cattle ranching and silvapastoral(use of shrubs and fodder trees).This study evaluates the recovery of some of the ecological services in which these play a role by comparing treeless improved pastures with those that have converted to silvapastoral since conventional monoculture requires spraying of insecticide which kills the insects.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Colombia","Central Cordillera","Temperate","None",3,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Dung removed per ball","Both","Positive","Sillvapastoral increases betttle abaundance because there are no agrochemicals used as oppoosed ti Improved Pastoral which used herbicides with a negative effectin better survival.","No","No","No","No"]
[32375272,"PH","2018-04-10","Giraldo C, Escobar F, Chara J D, and Calle Z. (2011). The adoption of silvopastoral systems promotes the recovery of ecological processes regulated by dung beetles in the Colombian Andes.. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 4(2), pp..","Journal article","Giraldo Carolina , Escobar Federico , Chara Julian D, Calle Zoraida ",2011,"The adoption of silvopastoral systems promotes the recovery of ecological processes regulated by dung beetles in the Colombian Andes","Insect Conservation and Diversity",4,"Instituto de Ecología","Colombia","Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología and Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje","The paper explains the differences in stability of the ecosystem and biodiversity bbetween convention cattle ranching and silvapastoral(use of shrubs and fodder trees).This study evaluates the recovery of some of the ecological services in which these play a role by comparing treeless improved pastures with those that have converted to silvapastoral since conventional monoculture requires spraying of insecticide which kills the insects.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Colombia","Central Cordillera","Temperate","None",3,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Horn flies","Both","Negative","Less horn flies captured in Silvopastoral systems","No","No","No","No"]
[32374371,"PH","2019-04-10","Frey G E, Fassola H E, Pachas A N, Colcombet L, Lacorte S M, Renkow M, Perez O, and Cubbage F W. (2012). A within-farm efficiency comparison of silvopasture systems with conventional pasture and forestry in northeast Argentina.. Land Economics, 88(4), pp..","Journal article","Frey Gregory, Fassola Hugo, Pachas A Nahuel,Colcombet Luis , Lacorte Santiago, Renkow Mitch ,Perez Oscar ,Cubbage Frederick",2012,"A within-farm efficiency comparison of silvopasture systems with conventional pasture and forestry in northeast Argentina.","Land Economics",88,"Virginia State University","United States of America","N/A","The researchers demostrate the difference in relative technical efficiency within-farm silvapastoral (trees and pasture) and natural pature and forestry using inputs(labor,capital and field crops) and outputs(timber revenue,beef revenue and milk) as measure of relative technical efficiency.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Argentina","Misiones and northeast-\nern Corrientes provinces ","Sub-tropical","None",91,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Technical efficiency","Quantitative","Positive","The within-farm comparison demostrate that silvapastoral is technically more efficient than pasture(control)","No","No","No","No"]
[31938029,"PH","2018-04-16","Goulart FF, Vandermeer J, Perfecto I, and da Matta-Machado RP. (2011). Frugivory by five bird species in agroforest home gardens of Pontal do Paranapanema, Brazil. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 82(3), pp.239-246.","Journal article","Goulart F. Figueiredo , VandermeerJohn ,Perfecto Ivette  , da Matta-Machado",2011,"Frugivory by five bird species in agroforest home gardens of Pontal do Paranapanema, Brazil","Agroforestry systems",82,"University of Bras?´lia","Brazil","CAPES and the University of Michigan.","The paper shows the inefficiency of conservation in favor of agroforestry in terms of it's ability to support rich fauna and flora.It analyzes how different species of birds respond to different practices i. agroforestry(home gardens) and natural forest in regards to diet and habitat use.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Pontal do Paranapanema","Temperate","None",9,"Transects","N/A","Primary forest, Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Feeding bouts per frequency index","Qualitative","Positive"," Agroforests  can  support  not  only  a  rich\nassemblage  of  frugivore  species,  but  also  healthy\npopulations   by   providing   a   wide   range   of   food\nresources.Monthly frequency was higher in secondary forest.The number of food taxa increased by three folds.Monthly mean feeding bouts was higher in agroforestry hoome gardens suggests that all species agroforestry home gardens are rich in food rresources.","No","No","No","No"]
[31938029,"PH","2018-04-16","Goulart FF, Vandermeer J, Perfecto I, and da Matta-Machado RP. (2011). Frugivory by five bird species in agroforest home gardens of Pontal do Paranapanema, Brazil. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 82(3), pp.239-246.","Journal article","Goulart F. Figueiredo , VandermeerJohn ,Perfecto Ivette  , da Matta-Machado",2011,"Frugivory by five bird species in agroforest home gardens of Pontal do Paranapanema, Brazil","Agroforestry systems",82,"University of Bras?´lia","Brazil","CAPES and the University of Michigan.","The paper shows the inefficiency of conservation in favor of agroforestry in terms of it's ability to support rich fauna and flora.It analyzes how different species of birds respond to different practices i. agroforestry(home gardens) and natural forest in regards to diet and habitat use.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","Pontal do Paranapanema","Temperate","None",9,"Transects","N/A","Primary forest, Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Food taxa","Qualitative","Positive","Hogher diversity of food taxa","No","No","No","No"]
[31938427,"PH","2018-04-30","Esteban RS, Pastur GM, Lencinas MV, and Peri PL. (2010). Flowering and seeding patterns in primary, secondary and silvopastoral managed Nothofagus antarctica forests in South Patagonia. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 48(2), pp.63-73.","Journal article","Esteban R Rosina  ,Pastur Guillermo, Lencinas  Mar\nía, Peri P Luis",2010,"Flowering and seeding patterns in primary, secondary and silvopastoral managed Nothofagus antarctica forests in South Patagonia","New Zealand Journal of Botany",48,"Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cient? ?ficas (CONICET)","Argentina","Centro  Austral de Investigaciones Cient? ?ficas (CADIC-CONICET) ","The study analyzes the flowering seeding patterns as abscised biomass and the dispersion of foraging of insects and birds in primary, secondary and silvapastoral managed Northofagus antartica forests which is the cattle and grazing area. ","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Argentina","Patagonian forests","Temperate","None",12,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Seed production","Quantitative","Negative","Silvopastoral systems produce less seeds","No","No","No","No"]
[32372878,"PH","2018-05-23","Gebrekidan Worku, Amare Bantider, and Habtamu Temesgen. (2014). Effects of land use/land cover change on some soil physical and chemical properties in Ameleke micro-watershed, Gedeo and Borena Zones, South Ethiopia.. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 4(11), pp..","Journal article","Gebrekidan Worku , Amare Bantider , Habtamu Temesgen  ",2014,"Effects of land use/land cover change on some soil physical and chemical properties in Ameleke micro-watershed, Gedeo and Borena Zones, South Ethiopia.","Journal of Environment and Earth Science",4,"Debre Tabor University","Ethiopia","N/A","The study investigates how chnages in various land uses would lead to changes in some soil chemiccal properties and/or changes in soil physical properties on different water sheds","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Ameleke watershed","Multiple","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","Yes","No","Yes","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon","Qualitative","Positive","Changing the land use from agroforestry to croplands(monoculture) reduces soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus,soil pH and Cation exchange.","No","No","No","No"]
[32372878,"PH","2018-05-23","Gebrekidan Worku, Amare Bantider, and Habtamu Temesgen. (2014). Effects of land use/land cover change on some soil physical and chemical properties in Ameleke micro-watershed, Gedeo and Borena Zones, South Ethiopia.. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 4(11), pp..","Journal article","Gebrekidan Worku , Amare Bantider , Habtamu Temesgen  ",2014,"Effects of land use/land cover change on some soil physical and chemical properties in Ameleke micro-watershed, Gedeo and Borena Zones, South Ethiopia.","Journal of Environment and Earth Science",4,"Debre Tabor University","Ethiopia","N/A","The study investigates how chnages in various land uses would lead to changes in some soil chemiccal properties and/or changes in soil physical properties on different water sheds","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Ameleke watershed","Multiple","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","Yes","No","Yes","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Phosphorus","Qualitative","Positive","Higher in AF than in grass lands","No","No","No","No"]
[32372878,"PH","2018-05-23","Gebrekidan Worku, Amare Bantider, and Habtamu Temesgen. (2014). Effects of land use/land cover change on some soil physical and chemical properties in Ameleke micro-watershed, Gedeo and Borena Zones, South Ethiopia.. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 4(11), pp..","Journal article","Gebrekidan Worku , Amare Bantider , Habtamu Temesgen  ",2014,"Effects of land use/land cover change on some soil physical and chemical properties in Ameleke micro-watershed, Gedeo and Borena Zones, South Ethiopia.","Journal of Environment and Earth Science",4,"Debre Tabor University","Ethiopia","N/A","The study investigates how chnages in various land uses would lead to changes in some soil chemiccal properties and/or changes in soil physical properties on different water sheds","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Ameleke watershed","Multiple","None",36,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","Yes","No","Yes","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Potasium","Qualitative","Positive","Higher in AF than in crop lands","No","No","No","No"]
[32372476,"PH","2018-05-23","Getahun Kassa. (2015). Profitability analysis and determinants of fruit tree based agroforestry system in Wondo District, Ethiopia.. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(11), pp..","Journal article","Getahun Kassa",2015,"Profitability analysis and determinants of fruit tree based agroforestry system in Wondo District, Ethiopia.","African Journal of Agricultural Research",10,"Mizan-Tepi University","Ethiopia","Ethiopian Strategic Support Program (ESSP) and DeLPHE-BC Project for the financial assistance.","The study compares the economic returns and performance between the fruit tree agroforestry and the sugar monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Wondo District","Sub-tropical","None",149,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net present value","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry has a higher economic performance and returns than monoculture. NPV for fruit tree agroforestry system was found to be about half times higher than NPV monoculture.The BCR fruit tree based agroforestry system was higher than of sugarcane and the annual value for the fruit tree based agroforestry system indicated that the expected annual income of the fruit tree based agroforestry was higher than that of sugar cane monoculture.The landholding was less than 10% that of monoculture.","No","No","No","No"]
[32372476,"PH","2018-05-23","Getahun Kassa. (2015). Profitability analysis and determinants of fruit tree based agroforestry system in Wondo District, Ethiopia.. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(11), pp..","Journal article","Getahun Kassa",2015,"Profitability analysis and determinants of fruit tree based agroforestry system in Wondo District, Ethiopia.","African Journal of Agricultural Research",10,"Mizan-Tepi University","Ethiopia","Ethiopian Strategic Support Program (ESSP) and DeLPHE-BC Project for the financial assistance.","The study compares the economic returns and performance between the fruit tree agroforestry and the sugar monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Wondo District","Sub-tropical","None",149,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Cost benefit ratio","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry has a higher economic performance and returns than monoculture. NPV for fruit tree agroforestry system was found to be about half times higher than NPV monoculture.The BCR fruit tree based agroforestry system was higher than of sugarcane and the annual value for the fruit tree based agroforestry system indicated that the expected annual income of the fruit tree based agroforestry was higher than that of sugar cane monoculture.The landholding was less than 10% that of monoculture.","No","No","No","No"]
[32372476,"PH","2018-05-23","Getahun Kassa. (2015). Profitability analysis and determinants of fruit tree based agroforestry system in Wondo District, Ethiopia.. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(11), pp..","Journal article","Getahun Kassa",2015,"Profitability analysis and determinants of fruit tree based agroforestry system in Wondo District, Ethiopia.","African Journal of Agricultural Research",10,"Mizan-Tepi University","Ethiopia","Ethiopian Strategic Support Program (ESSP) and DeLPHE-BC Project for the financial assistance.","The study compares the economic returns and performance between the fruit tree agroforestry and the sugar monoculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Wondo District","Sub-tropical","None",149,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Expected annual income","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry has a higher economic performance and returns than monoculture. NPV for fruit tree agroforestry system was found to be about half times higher than NPV monoculture.The BCR fruit tree based agroforestry system was higher than of sugarcane and the annual value for the fruit tree based agroforestry system indicated that the expected annual income of the fruit tree based agroforestry was higher than that of sugar cane monoculture.The landholding was less than 10% that of monoculture.","No","No","No","No"]
[32373819,"PH","2018-05-25","Fracetto G G. M, Azevedo L C. B, Fracetto F J. C, Andreote F D, Lambais M R, and Pfenning L H. (2013). Impact of Amazon land use on the community of soil fungi.. Scientia Agricola, 70(2), pp..","Journal article","Fracetto G. M .Giselle , Azevedo C. B Lucas , Fracetto J. C. Felipe , Andreote .D. Fernando, Lambais . R.Marcio, Pfenning .H. Ludwig ",2013,"Impact of Amazon land use on the community of soil fungi.","Scientia Agricola",70," Depto. de Ciência do Solo","Brasil"," Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de\r\nMinas Gerais (FAPEMIG)","The study describes the changes in the soil fungal communities conversion of forest lands to  different land use types namely; primary forest,secondary forest,agroforestry, agriculture and pasture.","No","None","No","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Entomoforestry","Brazil"," Amazonas State","Tropical","None",20,"Sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","operational taxonomic units (OTUs)","Quantitative","Neutral","The conversion of forest to agroforestry(and other land uses) does not reduce the fungal diversity but changes the population levels of species that make up this ecosystem indicating changes in niches in the soil","No","No","No","No"]
[32373819,"PH","2018-05-25","Fracetto G G. M, Azevedo L C. B, Fracetto F J. C, Andreote F D, Lambais M R, and Pfenning L H. (2013). Impact of Amazon land use on the community of soil fungi.. Scientia Agricola, 70(2), pp..","Journal article","Fracetto G. M .Giselle , Azevedo C. B Lucas , Fracetto J. C. Felipe , Andreote .D. Fernando, Lambais . R.Marcio, Pfenning .H. Ludwig ",2013,"Impact of Amazon land use on the community of soil fungi.","Scientia Agricola",70," Depto. de Ciência do Solo","Brasil"," Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de\r\nMinas Gerais (FAPEMIG)","The study describes the changes in the soil fungal communities conversion of forest lands to  different land use types namely; primary forest,secondary forest,agroforestry, agriculture and pasture.","No","None","No","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Entomoforestry","Brazil"," Amazonas State","Tropical","None",20,"Sampling points","N/A","Multiple","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Shannon diversity index","Quantitative","Neutral","No effect on fungi diversity","No","No","No","No"]
[32372376,"PH","2018-05-25","Dong ZhaoKe, Ouyang Fang, Lu Fei, and Ge Feng. (2015). Shelterbelts in agricultural landscapes enhance ladybeetle abundance in spillover from cropland to adjacent habitats.. BioControl, 60(3), pp..","Journal article","Dong ZhaoKe , Ouyang Fang , Lu Fei , Ge Feng ",2015,"Shelterbelts in agricultural landscapes enhance ladybeetle abundance in spillover from cropland to adjacent habitats.","BioControl",60," Chinese\r\nAcademy of Sciences","China","National Nature Science Fund of China and National Basic\r\nResearch Program of China ","The study measures the cross-edge spillover of lady beetles from wheat fields to shelterbelts and also tests how landscape variables at various spatial  scales influence ladybeetle populations","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Shelterbelts","China","Shandong Province","Multiple","None",19,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","None","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Fraction of ladybeetles in woody habits","Quantitative","Positive","Sheltterbelts acts as conservative place for ladybeetle when the food resources decrease from the field as temporary habits.","No","No","No","No"]
[31937922,"PH","2018-05-26","de Souza HN, de Goede RGM, Brussaard L, Cardoso IM, Duarte EMG, Fernandes RBA, Gomes LC, and Pulleman MM. (2012). Protective shade, tree diversity and soil properties in coffee agroforestry systems in the Atlantic Rainforest biome. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 146(1), pp.179-196.","Journal article","de Souza  N Helton  , de Goede G.M. Ron  ,Brussaard Lijbert , Cardoso M Irene  , Duarte M.G.Edivania  ,Fernandes B.A.Raphael  , Gomes C Lucas ,Pulleman M Mirjam",2012,"Protective shade, tree diversity and soil properties in coffee agroforestry systems in the Atlantic Rainforest biome","Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ",146,"Wageningen University","Netherlands","N/A","The study determines the long term effects of coffee agroforestry on microclimatic temperature conditions,chemical and biological characteristics of the soil, biodiversity and also it's capacity to adapt to future climate change","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais","Sub-tropical","None",3,"Farms","N/A","Agriculture","None","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Temperature","Quantitative","Negative","Temperature was lower if coffee AF systems","No","No","No","No"]
[31939420,"PH","2018-05-28","Gillison AN, Liswanti N, Budidarsono S, van Noordwijk M, and Tomich TP. (2004). Impact of cropping methods on biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems in Sumatra, Indonesia. ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY, 9(2), pp..","Journal article","Gillison .N.Andrew , Liswanti Nining , Budidarsono Suseno , van Noordwijk Meine, Tomich .P. Thomas",2004,"Impact of cropping methods on biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems in Sumatra, Indonesia","Ecology and Society",9,"Center for Biodiversity Management","Indonesia","N/A","The study examines the impact of different crropping methods on biodiversity (plant species richness) along a subjectively determined land use intensity gradient in southern sumatra ranging from  primary and secondary forest and shaded and unshaded coffee in regards to biodiversity and profitable","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Lampung Province","Tropical","None",24,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","None","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic carbon","Quantitative","Negative","NA ","No","No","No","No"]
[31939420,"PH","2018-05-28","Gillison AN, Liswanti N, Budidarsono S, van Noordwijk M, and Tomich TP. (2004). Impact of cropping methods on biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems in Sumatra, Indonesia. ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY, 9(2), pp..","Journal article","Gillison .N.Andrew , Liswanti Nining , Budidarsono Suseno , van Noordwijk Meine, Tomich .P. Thomas",2004,"Impact of cropping methods on biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems in Sumatra, Indonesia","Ecology and Society",9,"Center for Biodiversity Management","Indonesia","N/A","The study examines the impact of different crropping methods on biodiversity (plant species richness) along a subjectively determined land use intensity gradient in southern sumatra ranging from  primary and secondary forest and shaded and unshaded coffee in regards to biodiversity and profitable","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Lampung Province","Tropical","None",24,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","None","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Nitrogen content","Quantitative","Neutral","NA ","No","No","No","No"]
[32374667,"PH","2018-05-31","Ding Yi, Zang RunGuo, Liu ShiRong, He FangLiang, and Letcher S G. (2012). Recovery of woody plant diversity in tropical rain forests in southern China after logging and shifting cultivation.. Biological Conservation, 145(1), pp..","Journal article","Ding Yi , Zang RunGuo , Liu ShiRong , He FangLiang , Letcher S G ",2012,"Recovery of woody plant diversity in tropical rain forests in southern China after logging and shifting cultivation.","Biological Conservation",145,"Chinese Academy of Forestry","China","National Natural Science Foundation\nof China  and National Nonprofit Institute Research\nGrant of the Chinese Academy of Forestry","This study attempts to understand the direct and indirect effects of shifting cultivation on plant biodiversity and land degradation","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","China","Haiinan Island","Multiple","None",18,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","None","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Stem density","Quantitative","Negative","Negative effect","No","No","No","No"]
[32374667,"PH","2018-05-31","Ding Yi, Zang RunGuo, Liu ShiRong, He FangLiang, and Letcher S G. (2012). Recovery of woody plant diversity in tropical rain forests in southern China after logging and shifting cultivation.. Biological Conservation, 145(1), pp..","Journal article","Ding Yi , Zang RunGuo , Liu ShiRong , He FangLiang , Letcher S G ",2012,"Recovery of woody plant diversity in tropical rain forests in southern China after logging and shifting cultivation.","Biological Conservation",145,"Chinese Academy of Forestry","China","National Natural Science Foundation\nof China  and National Nonprofit Institute Research\nGrant of the Chinese Academy of Forestry","This study attempts to understand the direct and indirect effects of shifting cultivation on plant biodiversity and land degradation","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","China","Haiinan Island","Multiple","None",18,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","None","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species diversity","Quantitative","Negative","Negative effect","No","No","No","No"]
[32372160,"PH","2018-06-04","Cardozo E G, Muchavisoy H M, Silva H R, Zelarayan M L. C, Leite M F. A, Rousseau G X, and Gehring C. (2015). Species richness increases income in agroforestry systems of eastern Amazonia.. Agroforestry Systems, 89(5), pp..","Journal article","Cardozo Ernesto Go´mez, Muchavisoy Henry Mavisoy, Silva Hulda Rocha, Zelarayan Marcelo Lu?´s , Leite M Marcio Fernandes, Rousseau Guillaume Xavier , Gehring  Christoph ",2015,"Species richness increases income in agroforestry systems of eastern Amazonia.","Agroforestry Systems",89," Maranha˜o State University","Brazil  ","Research Fund of Maranha˜o State (FAPEMA) and  CAPES (Brazilian\r\nCouncil of Higher Education).","This study tests the relevance of agroforestry species diversity and richness on socioeconomic performance in a wide range of agroforestry systems in eastern Amazonia. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonia","Tropical","None",38,"Farms","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Net income","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry species diversity reduces costs and increases (especially non-monetary) income and profitability.Farmer’s satisfaction is maximum both in commercial agroforestry plantations and  in the home gardens, which form the two most intense forms of agroforestry, and which at the same time are the extreme ends in terms of their economic and biodiversity settings.Home gardens outperform\nall other systems in terms of net\nincome per area, profitability, and non-monetary\nincome.","No","No","No","No"]
[32372160,"PH","2018-06-04","Cardozo E G, Muchavisoy H M, Silva H R, Zelarayan M L. C, Leite M F. A, Rousseau G X, and Gehring C. (2015). Species richness increases income in agroforestry systems of eastern Amazonia.. Agroforestry Systems, 89(5), pp..","Journal article","Cardozo Ernesto Go´mez, Muchavisoy Henry Mavisoy, Silva Hulda Rocha, Zelarayan Marcelo Lu?´s , Leite M Marcio Fernandes, Rousseau Guillaume Xavier , Gehring  Christoph ",2015,"Species richness increases income in agroforestry systems of eastern Amazonia.","Agroforestry Systems",89," Maranha˜o State University","Brazil  ","Research Fund of Maranha˜o State (FAPEMA) and  CAPES (Brazilian\r\nCouncil of Higher Education).","This study tests the relevance of agroforestry species diversity and richness on socioeconomic performance in a wide range of agroforestry systems in eastern Amazonia. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Amazonia","Tropical","None",38,"Farms","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Life satisfaction","Quantitative","Positive","Agroforestry species diversity reduces costs and increases (especially non-monetary) income and profitability.Farmer’s satisfaction is maximum both in commercial agroforestry plantations and  in the home gardens, which form the two most intense forms of agroforestry, and which at the same time are the extreme ends in terms of their economic and biodiversity settings.Home gardens outperform\nall other systems in terms of net\nincome per area, profitability, and non-monetary\nincome.","No","No","No","No"]
[3963,"PH","2018-06-12","Ajayi OC, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi G, and Kanjipite W. (2009). Labour inputs and financial profitability of conventional and agroforestry-based soil fertility management practices in Zambia. AGREKON, 48(3), pp.276-292.","Conference proceeding","Ajayi O.C. and Akinnifesi F.K. ",2007,"Labor requirements and profitability of alternative soil fertility replenishment technologies in Zambia  ","2nd International Conference of the African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE), 20-22 August, 2007","N/A","World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)","Malawi","N/A"," This study assessed the labor inputs implications of “improved\r\ntree fallows”, continuous maize cropping with and without mineral fertilizer and, evaluated the financial\r\nprofitability of the different land use systems. ","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Improved or rotational fallow","Zambia","Eastern Province","Tropical","None",89,"Fields","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Returns to a person labor day","Quantitative","Mixed","Improved tree fallows are more labor demanding compared with continuous maize production systems with fertilizer. Improved tree fallows are more profitable than farmers’ de facto\npractices of continuous crop production without external fertilization, but less profitable compared with mineral fertilizer.","No","No","No","No"]
[31937346,"NNR","2018-01-10","Ango, T., Börjeson L, Senbeta F, and Hylander K. (2014). Balancing Ecosystem Services and Disservices: Smallholder Farmers' Use and Management of Forest and Trees in an Agricultural Landscape in Southwestern Ethiopia. Ecology and Society, 19(1), pp. 30.","Journal article","Ango T., Börjeson L, Senbeta F, and Hylander K.",2014,"Balancing Ecosystem Services and Disservices: Smallholder Farmers' Use and Management of Forest and Trees in an Agricultural Landscape in Southwestern Ethiopia","Ecology and Society",19,"Department of Human Geography, Stockholm University","Sweden","Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, and the Swedish Research Council Formas","Study describes how villages adapt practices to mitigate ecosystem disservices based on their proximiy to forest such as removing trees from crop fields; please notice that none of listed practices fit the practices described in this study.","No","None","No","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Entomoforestry","Ethiopia","Gera district, Jimma zone in southwestern Ethiopia","Sub-tropical","None",349,"Field Types","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","Fields","Wild mammal attacks, migration, tree removal","Both","Positive","Outcomes must be interpreted as adaption","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376191,"NNR","2018-01-16","Bautista, F., Diaz C., and Garcia R. M. (2009). Changes in Soil Macrofauna in Agroecosystems Derived from Low Deciduous Tropical Forest on Leptosols from Karstic Zones. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystem, 10, pp. 185-197.","Journal article","Bautista, F., Diaz C., and Garcia R. M.",2009,"Changes in Soil Macrofauna in Agroecosystems Derived from Low Deciduous Tropical Forest on Leptosols from Karstic Zones.","Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems",10,"Cuerpo Académico de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, México","Mexico","Yucatán State Government and CONACYT","This paper studies the macrofauna communities in four livestock agroecosystems with different levels of management-derived soil disturbance","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Mexico","Saramuyo and Kampepen ranches in Dzununcan-San José Tzal","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Macrofauna characteristics","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","Agroecosystem","Ecological Index","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937856,"NNR","2018-01-26","Bhadauria, T., Kumar P., Maikhuri R. K., Rao K. S., and Saxena K. G. (2012). Earthworm Population in a Traditional Village Landscape in Central Himalaya. Applied Soil Ecology, 53, pp. 83-93.","Journal article","Bhadauria, T., Kumar P., Maikhuri R. K., Rao K. S., and Saxena K. G.",2012,"Earthworm Population in a Traditional Village Landscape in Central Himalaya.","Applied Soil Ecology",53,"Feraze Gandhi College, Raibareli 229001, India","India","TSBF-CIAT/UNEO/GEF and UNU-ISP","This study shows how different land usage (the one concerned with this EGM is traditional agroforestry system, a type of agrisilvicultural agroforestry system) affects earthworm populations (Meditation of flows)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Bhiri-Banswara in Chamoli district in Central Himalayan region","Tropical","None",21,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","earthworm population","Color, Length, Diameter, Family, Biogeographic origin, ecological category","Both","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372889,"NNR","2018-01-29","Bhuyan, S. I., Tripathi O. P., and Khan M. L. (2014). Effect of Season, Soil and Land Use Pattern on Soil N-mineralization, Ammonification and Nitrification: A Study in Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalaya. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5(1), pp. 88-97.","Journal article","Bhuyan, S. I., Tripathi O. P., and Khan M. L.",2014,"Effect of Season, Soil and Land Use Pattern on Soil N-mineralization, Ammonification and Nitrification: A Study in Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalaya.","International Journal of Environmental Sciences",5,"School of Biological Sciences, University of Science & Technology, Meghalaya.","India","N/A","Study describes the seasonal and land use (homegarden for our purposes) impact on N-mineralization, ammonification and nitrification (Regulation and Maintenance).","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","India","East Siang District","Tropical","None",120,"Soil Samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Samples","Chemical Properties of Soil","Both","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936282,"NNR","2018-01-29","Blaser, W. J., Oppong J., Yeboah E., and Six J. (2017). Shade Trees Have Limited Benefits for Soil Fertility in Coca Agroforests. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 243, pp. 83-91.","Journal article","Blaser, W. J., Oppong J., Yeboah E., and Six J.",2017,"Shade Trees Have Limited Benefits for Soil Fertility in Coca Agroforests.","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",243,"Department of Environmental Systems Science, Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)","Switzeland","Sustainable Agroecosystems Group at ETH Zurich and Swiss National Science Foundation.","Study states that impact of shade trees (agroforestry practice) and cocoa agroforest on soil fertility is \"limited\", meaning that the cost-benefit analysis could be negative (outcome direction: mixed)","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ghana","Around the villages Gogoikrom, Katatwoa and Akonkyi.","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Soil Samples","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Samples","Chemical Properties of Soil","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936521,"NNR","2018-01-30","Boreux, V., Vaast P., Madappa L. P., Cheppudira K. G., Garcia C., and Ghazoul J. (2016). Agroforestry Coffe Production Increased by Native Shade trees, Irrigation, and Liming. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 42 pp. 42.","Journal article","Boreux, V., Vaast P., Madappa L. P., Cheppudira K. G., Garcia C., and Ghazoul J.",2016,"Agroforestry Coffe Production Increased by Native Shade trees, Irrigation, and Liming.","Agronomy for Sustainable Development",36,"Ecosystem Management, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitaetstrasse","Switzeland","Swiss Centre for International Agriculture and Professorship of Ecosystem Management.","Study describes the joint impact of agricultural practices and shade trees on coffee production measured in loss of coffee berries before and during monsoon as well as coffee production.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","District of Kodagu in Karnataka","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Coffee plantations","Models are fixed to include multiple independent variables such as initial fruit, irrigation and rainfall during period of time. However, paper does not discuss any other confounding variables.","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)",null,"Coffee Production during periods of time","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936428,"NNR","2018-02-01","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C. (2017). Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Development, 52 pp. 10-18.","Journal article","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C.",2017,"Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya.","International Journal of Educational Development",52,"Bwaliro Primary School and Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College","Kenya and Canada","The University of Guelph","Researchers conduct interviews to assess a quantitative and qualitative impact of the Bwaliro Primary School feeding and agroforestry program on human, financial, natural and social capital in Bwaliro surrounding community.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Kenya","Bwaliro PS in Bwaliro Village","Tropical","None",64,"Child (orphan or non-orphan)","N/A","Non-participant households","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Orphans vs Non-orphans","Perceptions","Qualitative","Positive","Although research randomize selection for their two groups. Selection is done within the same location after intervention.","Yes","Financial Capital","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936428,"NNR","2018-02-01","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C. (2017). Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Development, 52 pp. 10-18.","Journal article","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C.",2017,"Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya.","International Journal of Educational Development",52,"Bwaliro Primary School and Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College","Kenya and Canada","The University of Guelph","Researchers conduct interviews to assess a quantitative and qualitative impact of the Bwaliro Primary School feeding and agroforestry program on human, financial, natural and social capital in Bwaliro surrounding community.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Kenya","Bwaliro PS in Bwaliro Village","Tropical","None",64,"Child (orphan or non-orphan)","N/A","Non-participant households","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Health","Orphans vs Non-orphans","Perceptions","Qualitative","Positive","Although research randomize selection for their two groups. Selection is done within the same location after intervention.","Yes","Social Capital","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936428,"NNR","2018-02-01","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C. (2017). Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Development, 52 pp. 10-18.","Journal article","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C.",2017,"Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya.","International Journal of Educational Development",52,"Bwaliro Primary School and Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College","Kenya and Canada","The University of Guelph","Researchers conduct interviews to assess a quantitative and qualitative impact of the Bwaliro Primary School feeding and agroforestry program on human, financial, natural and social capital in Bwaliro surrounding community.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Kenya","Bwaliro PS in Bwaliro Village","Tropical","None",64,"Child (orphan or non-orphan)","N/A","Non-participant households","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Orphans vs Non-orphans","Perceptions","Qualitative","Positive","Although research randomize selection for their two groups. Selection is done within the same location after intervention.","Yes","Financial Capital","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936428,"NNR","2018-02-01","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C. (2017). Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Development, 52 pp. 10-18.","Journal article","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C.",2017,"Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya.","International Journal of Educational Development",52,"Bwaliro Primary School and Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College","Kenya and Canada","The University of Guelph","Researchers conduct interviews to assess a quantitative and qualitative impact of the Bwaliro Primary School feeding and agroforestry program on human, financial, natural and social capital in Bwaliro surrounding community.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Kenya","Bwaliro PS in Bwaliro Village","Tropical","None",64,"Child (orphan or non-orphan)","N/A","Non-participant households","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Other","Orphans vs Non-orphans","Perceptions","Qualitative","Positive","Although research randomize selection for their two groups. Selection is done within the same location after intervention.","Yes","Human Capital","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936428,"NNR","2018-02-01","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C. (2017). Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Development, 52 pp. 10-18.","Journal article","Borish, D., King N., and Dewey C.",2017,"Enhanced Community Capital from Primary School Feeding and Agroforestry Program in Kenya.","International Journal of Educational Development",52,"Bwaliro Primary School and Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College","Kenya and Canada","The University of Guelph","Researchers conduct interviews to assess a quantitative and qualitative impact of the Bwaliro Primary School feeding and agroforestry program on human, financial, natural and social capital in Bwaliro surrounding community.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Kenya","Bwaliro PS in Bwaliro Village","Tropical","None",64,"Child (orphan or non-orphan)","N/A","Non-participant households","Spatial","Yes","Yes","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","Orphans vs Non-orphans","Perceptions","Qualitative","Positive","Although research randomize selection for their two groups. Selection is done within the same location after intervention.","Yes","Natural Capital","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380571,"NNR","2018-02-06","Cramb, R. A., and Culasero Z. (2003). Landcare and Livelihoods: The Promotion and Adoption of Conservation Farming Systems in the Philippines Uplands. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 1(2) pp. 141-154.","Journal article","Cramb, R. A., and Culasero Z.",2003,"Landcare and Livelihoods: The Promotion and Adoption of Conservation Farming Systems in the Philippines Uplands.","International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability",1,"School of Natural and Rural Systems Management, University of Queensland","Australia","Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research","Researcjers assess the impact of the Philippine Landcare Program on human capital, adoption of soil conservation technologies, environmental sustainability and economic security","No","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Philippines","Barangay Ned in Southern Mindanao","Tropical","None",310,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Other","NA","% of farmers with knowledge about conservation measures","Qualitative","Positive","Implication of adoptions, not measured","Yes","Involvement of participants increasing adoption","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380571,"NNR","2018-02-06","Cramb, R. A., and Culasero Z. (2003). Landcare and Livelihoods: The Promotion and Adoption of Conservation Farming Systems in the Philippines Uplands. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 1(2) pp. 141-154.","Journal article","Cramb, R. A., and Culasero Z.",2003,"Landcare and Livelihoods: The Promotion and Adoption of Conservation Farming Systems in the Philippines Uplands.","International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability",1,"School of Natural and Rural Systems Management, University of Queensland","Australia","Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research","Researcjers assess the impact of the Philippine Landcare Program on human capital, adoption of soil conservation technologies, environmental sustainability and economic security","No","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Philippines","Barangay Ned in Southern Mindanao","Tropical","None",310,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","NA","Farm income","Qualitative","Positive","Implication of adoptions, not measured","Yes","Involvement of participants increasing adoption","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380571,"NNR","2018-02-06","Cramb, R. A., and Culasero Z. (2003). Landcare and Livelihoods: The Promotion and Adoption of Conservation Farming Systems in the Philippines Uplands. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 1(2) pp. 141-154.","Journal article","Cramb, R. A., and Culasero Z.",2003,"Landcare and Livelihoods: The Promotion and Adoption of Conservation Farming Systems in the Philippines Uplands.","International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability",1,"School of Natural and Rural Systems Management, University of Queensland","Australia","Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research","Researchers assess the impact of the Philippine Landcare Program on human capital, adoption of soil conservation technologies, environmental sustainability and economic security","No","Community-level campaigning and advocacy","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","Philippines","Barangay Ned in Southern Mindanao","Tropical","None",310,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","Yes","Yes","No","Yes","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","NA","Soil erosion","Qualitative","Positive","Implication of adoptions, not measured ","Yes","Involvement of participants increasing adoption","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937255,"NNR","2018-02-07","Faustino de Lima, R., Dallimer M., Atkinson W. P., and Barlow J. (2014). Can Management Improve the Value of Shade Plantations for the Endemic Species of São Tomé Island?. Biotropica, 46(2) pp. 238-247.","Journal article","Faustino de Lima, R., Dallimer M., Atkinson W. P., and Barlow J.",2014,"Can Management Improve the Value of Shade Plantations for the Endemic Species of São Tomé Island?.","Biotropica",46,"Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University","United Kingdom","Portuguese government's \"Fundação para Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia","Study states the impact of shade plantation (cocoa and coffee) on biodiversity (number of bird and tree species), unveiling a positive relationship between the agro-system and the ecosystem service, which varies depending on the structure of the assemblages.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Sao Tome and Principe","São Tomé Island","Tropical","None",240,"Transect of 5 Points (48 transects)","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Bird and tree species","Biodiversity of species","Quantitative","Mixed","Study states that the magnitud of effect varies depending on the structure of the assemblages of shade plantation","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939461,"NNR","2018-02-11","Dechert, G, Veldkamp E., and Anas Iswandi. (2004). Is Soil Degradation Unrelated to Deforestation? Examining Soil Parameters of Land Use Systems in Upland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Plant and Soil, 265 pp. 197-209.","Journal article","Dechert, G, Veldkamp E., and Anas Iswandi.",2004,"Is Soil Degradation Unrelated to Deforestation? Examining Soil Parameters of Land Use Systems in Upland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.","Plant and Soil",265,"Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrion, Georg-August University","Germany","DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft).","Study analyses  soil chemical charachteristics (Nitrogen and Cabron stocks) in different land uses including agroforestry systems.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Indonesia","Area around the Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",990,"Soil Samples","Study uses agroforestry system as a large category encompassing all agrofirestry practices","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Samples","Chemical Properties of Soil","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937218,"NNR","2018-02-15","Douglas, D., Nalwanga D., Katebaka R., Atkinson P., Pomeroy D., Nkuutu D, and Vickery J. (2014). The Importance of Native Trees for Forest Bird Conservation in Tropical Farmland. Animal Conservation, 17 pp. 256-264.","Journal article","Douglas, D., Nalwanga D., Katebaka R., Atkinson P., Pomeroy D., Nkuutu D, and Vickery J.",2014,"The Importance of Native Trees for Forest Bird Conservation in Tropical Farmland.","Animal Conservation",17,"RSPB, Edinburgh, UK","United Kingdom","Darwin Initiative and Cambridge Conservation Initiative","Authors study the relationship between native tree cover in farmlands and number of bird species at different sites ","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Uganda","Banana-coffee farming system in the Lake Victoria crecent in Central Uganda","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Bird Species","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Bird Species","Number of bird species","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373493,"NNR","2018-02-19","Guyassa E., and Raj A. J. (2013). Assessment of Biodiversity in Cropland Agroforestry and its Role in Livelihood Development in Dryland Areas: A Case Study from Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 9(4) pp. 829-844.","Journal article","Guyassa E., and Raj A. J. ",2013,"Assessment of Biodiversity in Cropland Agroforestry and its Role in Livelihood Development in Dryland Areas: A Case Study from Tigray Region, Ethiopia.","Journal of Agricultural Technology",9,"Department of Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection","Ethiopia","Research and Publication Office of Mekelle University.","Authors compare biodiversity (measure by indexes constructed by the authors) of four different agroforestry systems: Homegarden, cropland, grazing land and forest land).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ethiopia","Abreha we Atsebeha watershed in Tigray Region","Sub-tropical","None",35,"Households","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Species","Biodiversity Index","Quantitative","Uncertain","Authors compared agroforestry systems and forest land (not agroforestry system), but it is uncertain which one receives highest indexes since different measurements and valuations were employed.Despite uncertainty, authors agreed upon the importance of farm management to preserve biodiversity.","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373493,"NNR","2018-02-19","Guyassa E., and Raj A. J. (2013). Assessment of Biodiversity in Cropland Agroforestry and its Role in Livelihood Development in Dryland Areas: A Case Study from Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 9(4) pp. 829-844.","Journal article","Guyassa E., and Raj A. J. ",2013,"Assessment of Biodiversity in Cropland Agroforestry and its Role in Livelihood Development in Dryland Areas: A Case Study from Tigray Region, Ethiopia.","Journal of Agricultural Technology",9,"Department of Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection","Ethiopia","Research and Publication Office of Mekelle University.","Authors compare biodiversity (measure by indexes constructed by the authors) of four different agroforestry systems: Homegarden, cropland, grazing land and forest land).","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Abreha we Atsebeha watershed in Tigray Region","Sub-tropical","None",35,"Households","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Species","Biodiversity Index","Quantitative","Uncertain","Authors compared agroforestry systems and forest land (not agroforestry system), but it is uncertain which one receives highest indexes since different measurements and valuations were employed.Despite uncertainty, authors agreed upon the importance of farm management to preserve biodiversity.","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32373493,"NNR","2018-02-19","Guyassa E., and Raj A. J. (2013). Assessment of Biodiversity in Cropland Agroforestry and its Role in Livelihood Development in Dryland Areas: A Case Study from Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 9(4) pp. 829-844.","Journal article","Guyassa E., and Raj A. J. ",2013,"Assessment of Biodiversity in Cropland Agroforestry and its Role in Livelihood Development in Dryland Areas: A Case Study from Tigray Region, Ethiopia.","Journal of Agricultural Technology",9,"Department of Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection","Ethiopia","Research and Publication Office of Mekelle University.","Authors compare biodiversity (measure by indexes constructed by the authors) of four different agroforestry systems: Homegarden, cropland, grazing land and forest land).","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Wooded pasture products ","Ethiopia","Abreha we Atsebeha watershed in Tigray Region","Sub-tropical","None",35,"Households","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Species","Biodiversity Index","Quantitative","Mixed","Authors compared agroforestry systems and forest land (not agroforestry system), but it is uncertain which one receives highest indexes since different measurements and valuations were employed.Despite uncertainty, authors agreed upon the importance of farm management to preserve biodiversity.","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938594,"NNR","2018-02-22","Hylander, K., and Nemomissa S. (2008). Complementary Roles of Home Gardens and Exotic Tree Plantations as Alternative Habitats for Plants of the Ethiopian Montane Rainforest. Conservation Biology, 23(2) pp. 400-409.","Journal article","Hylander, K., and Nemomissa S.",2008,"Complementary Roles of Home Gardens and Exotic Tree Plantations as Alternative Habitats for Plants of the Ethiopian Montane Rainforest.","Conservation Biology",23,"Department of Botany, Stockholm University","Sweden","Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency","In this study, authors find out that home gardens and exotic plantations (defined in the paper) can support similar levels of biodiversity as rain forests in the Ethiopian Montane Rainforest. For the purpose of this EGM, I decided to focus on the comparison analysis the authors make between rainforests and homegardens. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Ethiopia","Highlands of southwestern Ethiopia surrounding the town of Bonga","Tropical","None",14,"Mature Shade tree in a home hgarden with coffee","Main purpose of the authors was to identify the effectivity of homegardens (and exotic plantations) to host biodiversity as compared to rain forests. ","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Tree in homegarden","Biodiversity of species","Quantitative","Negative","Main purpose of the authors was to identify the effectivity of homegardens (and exotic plantations) to host biodiversity as compared to rain forests. ","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374532,"NNR","2018-02-22","Islam, K., Hoogstra M., Ullah M.O., and Sato Noriko. (2012). Economic Contribution of Participatory Agroforestry Program to Poverty Alleviation: A Case from Sal Forests, Bangladesh. Journal of Forestry Research, 23(2) pp. 323-332.","Journal article","Islam, K., Hoogstra M., Ullah M.O., and Sato Noriko.",2012,"Economic Contribution of Participatory Agroforestry Program to Poverty Alleviation: A Case from Sal Forests, Bangladesh.","Journal of Forestry Research",23,"Forest Policy Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sceinces","Japan","N/A","Authors analyze the impact of the Forest Department of Bangladesh Participatory Agroforestry Program (PAP) on income to the poor.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Sal Forests","Tropical","None",138,"Households","Authors do not state if control group was selected randomly","Agriculture","Spatial","No","Yes","Yes","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Household's income","Household's income","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371471,"NNR","2018-03-01","Janshaipharstep, D., Manoj D., and Sewak R. (2016). Erodibility Status of Soils under Different Land Uses in West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya. An Asian Journal of Soil Science, 11(1) pp. 217-221.","Journal article","Janshaipharstep, D., Manoj D., and Sewak R.",2016,"Erodibility Status of Soils under Different Land Uses in West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya.","An Asian Journal of Soil Science",11,"Department of Soil and Water Conservation, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development","India","N/A","Authors use different measurements to estimate erodibility stats under different land uses including agroforestry (Jhum land use). ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","West Khasi hills of Meghalaya","Sub-tropical","None","Not Specified","Soil Samples (0-15 cm and 15-30cm of depth)","The authors use a Erosion Index (see paper for reference), then I make my own comparisons between each land use using average. ","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","Land Use","Erosion Index","Quantitative","Uncertain, Mixed","The authors use a Erosion Index (see paper for reference), then I make my own comparisons between each land use using average. ","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939093,"NNR","2018-03-08","Bobo, S., K., Walter M., Sainge M., Njokagbor J., Fermon H., and Mühlenberg. (2006). From Forest to Farmland: Species Richness Patterns of Trees and Understorey Plants along a Gradient of Forest Conversion in Southwestern Cameroon. Biodiversity and Conservation, 15 pp. 4097-4117.","Journal article","Bobo, S., K., Walter M., Sainge M., Njokagbor J., Fermon H., and Mühlenberg.",2006,"From Forest to Farmland: Species Richness Patterns of Trees and Understorey Plants along a Gradient of Forest Conversion in Southwestern Cameroon.","Biodiversity and Conservation",15,"Centre for Nature Conservation (Dept 1), Georg-August University","Cameroon","German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), the German Society for Tropical Ornithology (GTO) and African Nature","Authors examine species richness in four different land uses, but for EGM purposes, we only look at the comparison between Open Monoculture and Cocoa/coffee plantations shaded by natural forest trees.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Cameroon","Southwestern Cameroo","Tropical","None",216,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Species Richness","Number of tree species","Quantitative","Positive","Number is based on the first-order jacknife method","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939093,"NNR","2018-03-08","Bobo, S., K., Walter M., Sainge M., Njokagbor J., Fermon H., and Mühlenberg. (2006). From Forest to Farmland: Species Richness Patterns of Trees and Understorey Plants along a Gradient of Forest Conversion in Southwestern Cameroon. Biodiversity and Conservation, 15 pp. 4097-4117.","Journal article","Bobo, S., K., Walter M., Sainge M., Njokagbor J., Fermon H., and Mühlenberg.",2006,"From Forest to Farmland: Species Richness Patterns of Trees and Understorey Plants along a Gradient of Forest Conversion in Southwestern Cameroon.","Biodiversity and Conservation",15,"Centre for Nature Conservation (Dept 1), Georg-August University","Cameroon","German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), the German Society for Tropical Ornithology (GTO) and African Nature","Authors examine species richness in four different land uses, but for EGM purposes, we only look at the comparison between Open Monoculture and Cocoa/coffee plantations shaded by natural forest trees.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Cameroon","Southwestern Cameroo","Tropical","None",216,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Species Richness","Number of understorey plant species","Quantitative","Negative","Number is based on the first-order jacknife method","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243751,"NNR","2018-04-19","Haggar, J., Rheingans R., Arroyo P., and Alvarado B. (2003). Benefits and Costs of Intercropping Reforestation in the Atlantic Lowlands of Costa Rica. New Forests, 25 pp. 41-48.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Rheingans R., Arroyo P., and Alvarado B.",2003,"Benefits and Costs of Intercropping Reforestation in the Atlantic Lowlands of Costa Rica.","New Forests",25,"Organization for Tropical Studies","Costa Rica","Canadian Embassy; Costa Rica and US-AID","Authors' findings establish a positive relationship between intercropping (Agrisilvicultura) and production and income","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","La Selva Biological Station","Tropical","None",21,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Trees","Height and Diameter of trees","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243751,"NNR","2018-04-19","Haggar, J., Rheingans R., Arroyo P., and Alvarado B. (2003). Benefits and Costs of Intercropping Reforestation in the Atlantic Lowlands of Costa Rica. New Forests, 25 pp. 41-48.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Rheingans R., Arroyo P., and Alvarado B.",2003,"Benefits and Costs of Intercropping Reforestation in the Atlantic Lowlands of Costa Rica.","New Forests",25,"Organization for Tropical Studies","Costa Rica","Canadian Embassy; Costa Rica and US-AID","Authors' findings establish a positive relationship between intercropping (Agrisilvicultura) and production and income","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","La Selva Biological Station","Tropical","None",21,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Farmers","Income","Quantitative","Mixed","\"Only intercrops with the most valuable crops on agricultural soils produced a return to labour above the daily wage rate\"","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936209,"NNR","2018-04-26","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E. (2017). Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms. Ecological Indicators, 79 pp. 330-337.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E.",2017,"Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms.","Ecological Indicators",79,"Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chantham Maritime","United Kingdom","EC funded project \"CAFNET: Connecting, enhancing and sustaining environmental services and market values of coffee agroforestry in Central America, East Africa and Indica\" and the DEFRA/ Darwin Initiative","Authors assess the impact of five different coffee certifications on environmental characteristics and economic benefits for famers, finding positive results for being part of the certification","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Surveys were conducted across the main coffee producing departments of Central-Northern Nicaragua","Tropical","Propensity score matching",294,"Coffee Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","Yes","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Farms","Margalef Index","Quantitative","Positive","Not all certifications","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936209,"NNR","2018-04-26","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E. (2017). Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms. Ecological Indicators, 79 pp. 330-337.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E.",2017,"Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms.","Ecological Indicators",79,"Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chantham Maritime","United Kingdom","EC funded project \"CAFNET: Connecting, enhancing and sustaining environmental services and market values of coffee agroforestry in Central America, East Africa and Indica\" and the DEFRA/ Darwin Initiative","Authors assess the impact of five different coffee certifications on environmental characteristics and economic benefits for famers, finding positive results for being part of the certification","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Surveys were conducted across the main coffee producing departments of Central-Northern Nicaragua","Tropical","Propensity score matching",294,"Coffee Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","Yes","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","Farms","Ground cover","Quantitative","Positive","Not all certifications","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936209,"NNR","2018-04-26","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E. (2017). Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms. Ecological Indicators, 79 pp. 330-337.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E.",2017,"Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms.","Ecological Indicators",79,"Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chantham Maritime","United Kingdom","EC funded project \"CAFNET: Connecting, enhancing and sustaining environmental services and market values of coffee agroforestry in Central America, East Africa and Indica\" and the DEFRA/ Darwin Initiative","Authors assess the impact of five different coffee certifications on environmental characteristics and economic benefits for famers, finding positive results for being part of the certification","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Surveys were conducted across the main coffee producing departments of Central-Northern Nicaragua","Tropical","Propensity score matching",294,"Coffee Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","Yes","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","Farms","Carbon Stocks","Quantitative","Positive","Not all certifications","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936209,"NNR","2018-04-26","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E. (2017). Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms. Ecological Indicators, 79 pp. 330-337.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E.",2017,"Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms.","Ecological Indicators",79,"Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chantham Maritime","United Kingdom","EC funded project \"CAFNET: Connecting, enhancing and sustaining environmental services and market values of coffee agroforestry in Central America, East Africa and Indica\" and the DEFRA/ Darwin Initiative","Authors assess the impact of five different coffee certifications on environmental characteristics and economic benefits for famers, finding positive results for being part of the certification","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Surveys were conducted across the main coffee producing departments of Central-Northern Nicaragua","Tropical","Propensity score matching",294,"Coffee Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","Yes","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Farms","Net income","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936209,"NNR","2018-04-26","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E. (2017). Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms. Ecological Indicators, 79 pp. 330-337.","Journal article","Haggar, J., Soto G., Casanoves F., and Virginio E.",2017,"Environmental-Economic Benefits and Trade-Offs on Sustainably Certified Coffee Farms.","Ecological Indicators",79,"Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chantham Maritime","United Kingdom","EC funded project \"CAFNET: Connecting, enhancing and sustaining environmental services and market values of coffee agroforestry in Central America, East Africa and Indica\" and the DEFRA/ Darwin Initiative","Authors assess the impact of five different coffee certifications on environmental characteristics and economic benefits for famers, finding positive results for being part of the certification","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Nicaragua","Surveys were conducted across the main coffee producing departments of Central-Northern Nicaragua","Tropical","Propensity score matching",294,"Coffee Farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","Yes","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Farms","Farm's yields","Quantitative","Negative","Productivity is uncertain but costs are higher for certified farms","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375514,"NNR","2018-05-15","Amézquita, M., C., Ibrahim M., Llanderal T., Buurman P., and Amézquita E. (2004). Carbon Sequestration in Pastures, Silvo-Pastoral Systems and Forests in Four Regions of the Latin American Tropics. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 21(1) pp. 31-49.","Journal article","Amézquita, M., C., Ibrahim M., Llanderal T., Buurman P., and Amézquita E.",2004,"Carbon Sequestration in Pastures, Silvo-Pastoral Systems and Forests in Four Regions of the Latin American Tropics.","Journal of Sustainable Forestry",21,"Scientific Director, Carbon Sequestration Project, The Netherlands Cooperation CO-010402, CIAT's Science Park","Colombia","N/A","For the purpose of this EGM, I focused on the analyses of Silvo-Pastoral Systems (Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands and Trees/shrubs on pasture) with respect to Soil Carbon Stocks ","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Colombia","For this practice: Dovio, Colombia, and Dagua Colombia","Tropical","None",144,"Soil Samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","Yes","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Properties","Soil Carbon Stocks","Quantitative","Negative","Lowest nubers of Soil Carbon Stocks (chemical properties) were found in Mixed forage bank","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375514,"NNR","2018-05-15","Amézquita, M., C., Ibrahim M., Llanderal T., Buurman P., and Amézquita E. (2004). Carbon Sequestration in Pastures, Silvo-Pastoral Systems and Forests in Four Regions of the Latin American Tropics. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 21(1) pp. 31-49.","Journal article","Amézquita, M., C., Ibrahim M., Llanderal T., Buurman P., and Amézquita E.",2004,"Carbon Sequestration in Pastures, Silvo-Pastoral Systems and Forests in Four Regions of the Latin American Tropics.","Journal of Sustainable Forestry",21,"Scientific Director, Carbon Sequestration Project, The Netherlands Cooperation CO-010402, CIAT's Science Park","Colombia","N/A","For the purpose of this EGM, I focused on the analyses of Silvo-Pastoral Systems (Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands and Trees/shrubs on pasture) with respect to Soil Carbon Stocks ","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Costa Rica","For this practice: Pocora, Atlantic coast and Esparza, Pacific coast","Tropical","None",144,"Soil Samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","Yes","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Properties","Soil Carbon Stocks","Quantitative","Mixed","Silvopastoral system Soil Carbon Stocks (chemical properties) is compared with other silvopastoral, forest and pasture system. Different results are found.","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937039,"NNR","2018-05-15","Asfiya, W., Lach L., Majer J. M., Heterick B., and Didham R. K. (2015). Intensive Agroforestry Practices Negatively Affect Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity and Composition in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Asian Myrmecology, 7 pp. 87-104.","Journal article","Asfiya, W., Lach L., Majer J. M., Heterick B., and Didham R. K.",2015,"Intensive Agroforestry Practices Negatively Affect Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity and Composition in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.","Asian Myrmeclogy",7,"School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia","Australia","University of Western Australia, an Australian Development Scholarship, the Fogarty International Center at the National Institutes of Health (Grant #U01TW008160)","Authors observe the impact of Agrisilvicultural (Multipurpose trees on parklands or lots) agroforestry system on ant species richness and composition","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Southeast Sulawesi","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Ant Species","As the authors pointed out, \"it was not possible to establish all sites at similar elevations since most human disturbance was clustered on flat terrain, leaving rainforests remmants unavoidably located on steeper slopes of the mountains\"","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Ant Species richness and composition","Ant number of species and biological family of ant species","Quantitative","Negative","Authors were unable to fix for elevation between spatial groups","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939555,"NNR","2018-05-15","Augustine, C., M., J., Vogt K. A., Harrison R. B., and Hunsaker H. M. (2006). Nitrogen-Fixing Trees in Small Scale Agriculture of Mountanous Southeast Guatemala: Effects of Soil Quality and Erosion Control. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 23(4), pp. 61-80.","Journal article","Augustine, C., M., J., Vogt K. A., Harrison R. B., and Hunsaker H. M.",2006,"Nitrogen-Fixing Trees in Small Scale Agriculture of Mountanous Southeast Guatemala: Effects of Soil Quality and Erosion Control","Journal of Sustainable Forestry",23,"College of Forest Resource, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","USA","N/A","Authors analyze the impact of an agroforestry system on (the introduction of the agroforestry system) on soil nutrient and erosion control.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Guatemala","San Juan Ermita, Department of Chiquimula","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Soil Samples","Authors perform several analyses described in their paper.","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Properties","Different Properties","Quantitative","Positive","Different analyzes are performed, but EGM aggregates all in one measured of soil quality.","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32244064,"NNR","2018-05-15","Barros, E., Pashanasi B., Constantino R., and Lavelle P. (2002). Effects of Land-use System on the Soil Macrofauna in Western Brazilian Amazonia. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35, pp. 338-347.","Journal article","Barros, E., Pashanasi B., Constantino R., and Lavelle P.",2002,"Effects of Land-use System on the Soil Macrofauna in Western Brazilian Amazonia.","Biology and Fertility of Soils",35,"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas de Amazonia - INPA","Brazil","N/A","Authors compare several land uses including agroforestry to disturbed forest in terms of macrofauna","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Brazil","Ji-Paraná in Rondonia State and RECA","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Macrofauna characteristics","Primary analysis is not agroforestry, but they compare agroforestry system to \"disturbed forest\". Notice that comparator is not primary forest, but \"disturbed forest\".","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Macrofauna","Species","Quantitative","Neutral","For the purpose of this EGM, outcome direction is an aggregation of all variables analyzed by authors","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374527,"NNR","2018-05-16","Handayani I. P., Prawito P., and Ihsan M. (2012). Soil Changes Associated with Imperata Cylindrica Grassland Conversion in Indonesia. International Journal of Soil Science, 7(2), pp. 61-70.","Journal article","Handayani I. P., Prawito P., and Ihsan M.",2012,"Soil Changes Associated with Imperata Cylindrica Grassland Conversion in Indonesia","International Journal of Soil Science",7,"Hutson School of Agriculture, Murray State University","USA","N/A","Authors analyze the impac of conversation to different land management systems, including agroforestry, on soil composition","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Indonesia","Bengkulu Province, Sumatra Island","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Soil Samples","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Soil Properties","Aggragation Index","Quantitative","Positive","Authors analyze converion of land management system","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939338,"NNR","2018-05-16","Hietz P. (2005). Conservation of Vascular Epiphyte Diversity in Mexican Coffee Plantations. Conservation Biology, 19(2), pp. 391-399.","Journal article","Hietz P.",2005,"Conservation of Vascular Epiphyte Diversity in Mexican Coffee Plantations.","Conservation Biology",19,"Institute of Botany, BOKU, University of Natural Resource and Applied Life Sciences Vienna","Austria","Austrian Science Fund","Authors observe the  epiphyte diverisity of coffee plantations under shade trees (Mixture of plantations and crops agroforestry system) and primary forest","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Mexico","Central Veracruz, near Xalapa and Coatepec","Tropical","None",466,"Sample of trees","Coffee plantations, as analyzed in this paper, differed in the composition and stature of their shade trees. Also, there is extrapolation difficulties the author explains and addresses in the article","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Epiphyte Diversity in tree sample","Similarity Index; Composition of the epiphyte community; species score as measured as the percentage of threes on which a species was found.","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938831,"NNR","2018-05-16","Hildreth A. L. (2008). The Economic Impacts of Agroforestry in the Northern Plains of China. Agroforestry Systems, 72, pp. 119-126.","Journal article","Hildreth L. A.",2008,"The Economic Impacts of Agroforestry in the Northern Plains of China.","Agroforestry Systems",72,"Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota","USA","N/A","The authors estimates the impact of agroforestry development (as measured by a proxy of forest cover) on agricultural output in Northern Plains of China","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","China","Northern Plains of China","Tropical","None",47,"Forest cover","Author states problems with autocorrelation and uses proxy for agroforestry development (forest cover). Also, agricultural output data includes products of farming, forestry, livestock,  and fishery","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Agricultural Output","Sum of the values of annual physical products of farming, forestry, livestock and fishery fixed at 1990 prices","Quantitative","Uncertain","Author states problems with autocorrelation and uses proxy for agroforestry development (forest cover). Also, agricultural output data includes products of farming, forestry, livestock,  and fishery","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937570,"NNR","2018-05-17","Hundera K., Aerts R., Beenhouwer M., Overtveld K. V., Helsen K., Muys B., and Honnay O. (2013). Both Forest Fragmentation and Coffee Cultivation Negatively Affect Epiphytic Orchid Diversity in Ethiopian Moist Evergreen Afromontane Forests. Biological Conservation, 159, pp. 285-291.","Journal article","Hundera K., Aerts R., Beenhouwer M., Overtveld K. V., Helsen K., Muys B., and Honnay O.",2013,"Both Forest Fragmentation and Coffee Cultivation Negatively Affect Epiphytic Orchid Diversity in Ethiopian Moist Evergreen Afromontane Forests.","Biological Conservation",159,"Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan","Belgium","Flemish Interuniversity Council - University Development","Authors examine epiphyte diversity between agroforestry system and primary forest","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Manna and Gera districts of the Jimma region in southwestern Ethiopia","Tropical","None",339,"Tree","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Epiphyte Diversity in tree sample","Shannon's Diversity Index and Hill's N1","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936979,"NNR","2018-05-17","Jacobi J., Andres C., Schneider M., Pillco M., Calizaya P., and Rist S. (2014). Carbon Stocks, Tree Diversity, and the Role of Organic Certification in different Cocoa Production Systems in Alto Beni, Bolivia, Agroforestry Systems 88, pp. 1117-1132.","Journal article","Jacobi J., Andres C., Schneider M., Pillco M., Calizaya P., and Rist S.",2014,"Carbon Stocks, Tree Diversity, and the Role of Organic Certification in different Cocoa Production Systems in Alto Beni, Bolivia","Agroforestry Systems",88,"Centre for Development and Environment (CDE) University of Bern, Hallerstrasse","Switzerland","Pre-study was financed by the DITSL; initial funding from AVINA foundation; KFPE Bern financed an Echange Universitaire project","Study has two parts: A comparison of several agroforestry systems, and the effect of organic certification on shade tree diversity in cocoa plants. I reviewed only the latter.","No","Incentive provision","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bolivia","Alto Beni, Bolivia","Tropical","None",52,"Farmers","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Farms","Shade tree species, Shannon diversity index","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[319375585,"NNR","2018-05-18","Vihemäki H., Hall J. M., Leonard C., Mwangoka M., and Mkongewa V. (2013). Bird and Plant Diversity in Tropical Landscape Mosaics in East Usambaras, Tanzania, Small-scale Forestry 12, pp. 125-143.","Journal article","Vihemäki H., Hall J. M., Leonard C., Mwangoka M., and Mkongewa V.",2013,"Bird and Plant Diversity in Tropical Landscape Mosaics in East Usambaras, Tanzania","Small-scale Forestry",12,"World Agroforestry Centre, United Nations Avenue","Kenya","Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland","Authors look at three land uses (agroforestry, agriculture and primary forest) to assess bird and plant diversity","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","United Republic of Tanzania","East Usambara Mountains","Tropical","None",12,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Trees and birds in plots","Diversity","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry system's diversity is lower than primary forest, but higher than agriculture","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937457,"NNR","2018-05-18","Walters B. B., and Hansen L. (2012). Farmed Landscapes, Trees and Forest Conservation in Saint Lucia (West Indies), Environmental Conservation 40(3), pp. 211-221.","Journal article","Walters B. B., and Hansen L.",2012,"Farmed Landscapes, Trees and Forest Conservation in Saint Lucia (West Indies)","Environmental Conservation",40,"Department of Geography and Environment, Mount Allison University, Sackville and Sustainable Forest Management","Canada","Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","Authors look at species richness under two agroforestry systems (agroforestry and improved or rotational fallow) compared to primary forest and agriculture","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Saint Lucia","West Indies","Tropical","None",12,"Number of Species","Authors dissagragate species richness into (Natural trees and planted trees). Primary forest has 0 planted trees, which could influence outcome","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Plots","Species Richness (per 100 meteres squared)","Quantitative","Mixed","Agroforestry has lower species richness than primary forest, but higher than crops","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937457,"NNR","2018-05-18","Walters B. B., and Hansen L. (2012). Farmed Landscapes, Trees and Forest Conservation in Saint Lucia (West Indies), Environmental Conservation 40(3), pp. 211-221.","Journal article","Walters B. B., and Hansen L.",2012,"Farmed Landscapes, Trees and Forest Conservation in Saint Lucia (West Indies)","Environmental Conservation",40,"Department of Geography and Environment, Mount Allison University, Sackville and Sustainable Forest Management","Canada","Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","Authors look at species richness under two agroforestry systems (agroforestry and improved or rotational fallow) compared to primary forest and agriculture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Saint Lucia","West Indies","Tropical","None",12,"Number of Species","Authors dissagragate species richness into (Natural trees and planted trees). Primary forest has 0 planted trees, which could influence outcome","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Plots","Species Richness (per 100 meteres squared)","Quantitative","Positive","Contrary to the other practice, Improved rotation or fallow has highest species richness","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
["2866 (ICRAF)","NNR","2018-05-28","Anglaaere L. C. N., Cobbina J., Sinclair F. L., and McDonald M. A. (2011). The Effect of Land Use Systems on Tree Diversity: Farmer Preference and Species Composition of Cocoa-based Agroecosystem in Ghana, Agroforestry Systems, pp. 249-265.","Journal article","Anglaaere L. C. N., Cobbina J., Sinclair F. L., and McDonald M. A.",2011,"The Effect of Land Use Systems on Tree Diversity: Farmer Preference and Species Composition of Cocoa-based Agroecosystem in Ghana","Agroforestry Systems",81,"Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, University","Ghana","Biscuit, Cake, Chocolate and Confectionery Association ","Authors look at tree diversity under two different agrosystems compared to primary forest","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Ghana","Bontomuruso and Gogoikrom in Atwima district of Ghana","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Plots (5 ha)","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Tree Diversity","Diversity","Quantitative","Positive","Notice that there are two agroforestry systems being compared here: Improved and rotational fallow AND agroforestry (general)","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
["2866 (ICRAF)","NNR","2018-05-28","Anglaaere L. C. N., Cobbina J., Sinclair F. L., and McDonald M. A. (2011). The Effect of Land Use Systems on Tree Diversity: Farmer Preference and Species Composition of Cocoa-based Agroecosystem in Ghana, Agroforestry Systems, pp. 249-265.","Journal article","Anglaaere L. C. N., Cobbina J., Sinclair F. L., and McDonald M. A.",2011,"The Effect of Land Use Systems on Tree Diversity: Farmer Preference and Species Composition of Cocoa-based Agroecosystem in Ghana","Agroforestry Systems",81,"Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, University","Ghana","Biscuit, Cake, Chocolate and Confectionery Association ","Authors look at tree diversity under two different agrosystems compared to primary forest","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ghana","Bontomuruso and Gogoikrom in Atwima district of Ghana","Tropical","None","Not Specified","Plots (5 ha)","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","Tree Diversity","Diversity","Quantitative","Negative","Notice that there are two agroforestry systems being compared here: Improved and rotational fallow AND agroforestry (general)","No","No","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936689,"KV","2018-01-31","Bostedt G, Hornell A, and Nyberg G. (2016). Agroforestry extension and dietary diversity - an analysis of the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption in West Pokot, Kenya. FOOD SECURITY, 8(1), pp.271-284.","Journal article","Bostedt G ; Hornell A ; Nyberg G ; ",2016,"Agroforestry extension and dietary diversity - an analysis of the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption in West Pokot, Kenya","Food Security",8,"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences/Umeå School of Business and Economics","Sweden"," SLU Global","Study describes how certain fruit and vegetable related food groups are under-consumed in dryland areas of Kenya.  The type of agroforestry extension has the potential to alleviate this problem.","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Kenya","West Pokot County","Tropical","Heckman two-stage probit regression",296,"Individuals","Advice might have additionally spread from farmer to farmer","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","N/A","number of available food groups, dietary diversity score","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936689,"KV","2018-01-31","Bostedt G, Hornell A, and Nyberg G. (2016). Agroforestry extension and dietary diversity - an analysis of the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption in West Pokot, Kenya. FOOD SECURITY, 8(1), pp.271-284.","Journal article","Bostedt G ; Hornell A ; Nyberg G ; ",2016,"Agroforestry extension and dietary diversity - an analysis of the importance of fruit and vegetable consumption in West Pokot, Kenya","Food Security",8,"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences/Umeå School of Business and Economics","Sweden"," SLU Global","Study describes how certain fruit and vegetable related food groups are under-consumed in dryland areas of Kenya.  The type of agroforestry extension has the potential to alleviate this problem.","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Kenya","West Pokot County","Tropical","Heckman two-stage probit regression",296,"Individuals","Advice might have additionally spread from farmer to farmer","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Food security and nutrition","N/A","number of available food groups, dietary diversity score","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936591,"KV","2018-02-23","Nath TK, Jashimuddin M, Hasan MK, Shahjahan M, and Pretty J. (2016). The sustainable intensification of agroforestry in shifting cultivation areas of Bangladesh. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 90(3), pp.405-416.","Journal article","Tapan Kumar Nath . M. Jashimuddin .\nMd. Kamrul Hasan . Md. Shahjahan .\nJules Pretty",2016,"The sustainable intensification of agroforestry in shifting cultivation areas of Bangladesh","Agroforestry Systems",90,"School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham\nMalaysia Campus, Semenyih, Malaysia","Malaysia","Government of Bangladesh and\nWorld Bank","In this paper, drawing empirical data from a community-based agroforestry development project, we present how the sustainable intensification of agroforestry in shifting cultivation areas was promoted in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. We examine farmers’ perceptions and their participation in the project, and the challenges of intensification.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Wagga union of Kaptai upazila (sub-district) in Rangamati hill district","Tropical","None",30,"plots","N/A","Agriculture","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Net benefit per year, crop biodiversity,  overall agroforestry perception of  farmers","Both","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32243723,"KV","2018-02-23","Klein AM Steffan-Dewenter, I Tscharntke, and T. (2002). Predator-prey ratios on cocoa along a land-use gradient in Indonesia. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 11(4), pp.683 - 693.","Journal article","ALEXANDRA-MARIA KLEIN, INGOLF STEFFAN-DEWENTER\nand TEJA TSCHARNTKE",2001,"Predator–prey ratios on cocoa along a land-use gradient in Indonesia","Biodiversity and Conservation",11,"Institute of Agroecology, University of Göttingen, Waldweg 26, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany;","Germany","N/A","sampled arthropods\non cocoa in a gradient of land-use intensity from extensively used forest gardens to intensively\nused agroforestry systems","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Lore-Lindu National Park near Palu","Tropical","None",12,"Study plots","Changes in abiotic conditons, stress from\ninsect attack","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","predator–prey ratio","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32243723,"KV","2018-02-23","Klein AM Steffan-Dewenter, I Tscharntke, and T. (2002). Predator-prey ratios on cocoa along a land-use gradient in Indonesia. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION, 11(4), pp.683 - 693.","Journal article","ALEXANDRA-MARIA KLEIN, INGOLF STEFFAN-DEWENTER\nand TEJA TSCHARNTKE",2001,"Predator–prey ratios on cocoa along a land-use gradient in Indonesia","Biodiversity and Conservation",11,"Institute of Agroecology, University of Göttingen, Waldweg 26, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany;","Germany","N/A","sampled arthropods\non cocoa in a gradient of land-use intensity from extensively used forest gardens to intensively\nused agroforestry systems","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Lore-Lindu National Park near Palu","Tropical","None",12,"Study plots","Changes in abiotic conditons, stress from\ninsect attack","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Total species number","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936850,"KV","2018-03-15","Kotowska MM, Leuschner C, Triadiati T, Meriem S, and Hertel D. (2015). Quantifying above- and belowground biomass carbon loss with forest conversion in tropical lowlands of Sumatra (Indonesia). GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 21(10), pp.3620-3634.","Journal article","MARTYNA M. KOTOWSKA 1 , CHRISTOPH LEUSCHNER1 , TRIADIATI TRIADIATI 2 ,\nSELIS MERIEM 2 and D IETR ICH HERTEL1",2015,"Quantifying above- and belowground biomass carbon loss with forest conversion in tropical lowlands of Sumatra Indonesia","Global Change Biology ",21,"Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of G€ottingen, Untere Karspule 2, 37073 G € €ottingen, Germany","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","We measured above- and belowground carbon pools in tree biomass\ntogether with NPPtotal in natural old-growth forests, ‘jungle rubber’ agroforests under natural tree cover, and\nrubber and oil palm monocultures in Sumatra. I","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia"," Jambi Province","Tropical","None",32,"plots","Did not measure the biomass of\ncoarse roots and root stock in study plots","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Total biomass (below and above ground)","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936850,"KV","2018-03-15","Kotowska MM, Leuschner C, Triadiati T, Meriem S, and Hertel D. (2015). Quantifying above- and belowground biomass carbon loss with forest conversion in tropical lowlands of Sumatra (Indonesia). GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 21(10), pp.3620-3634.","Journal article","MARTYNA M. KOTOWSKA 1 , CHRISTOPH LEUSCHNER1 , TRIADIATI TRIADIATI 2 ,\nSELIS MERIEM 2 and D IETR ICH HERTEL1",2015,"Quantifying above- and belowground biomass carbon loss with forest conversion in tropical lowlands of Sumatra Indonesia","Global Change Biology ",21,"Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, University of G€ottingen, Untere Karspule 2, 37073 G € €ottingen, Germany","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","We measured above- and belowground carbon pools in tree biomass\ntogether with NPPtotal in natural old-growth forests, ‘jungle rubber’ agroforests under natural tree cover, and\nrubber and oil palm monocultures in Sumatra. I","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia"," Jambi Province","Tropical","None",32,"plots","Did not measure the biomass of coarse roots and root stock in study plots ","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Net primary production","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32370950,"KV","2018-03-17","Kurnianto A S, Batoro J, and Kurniawan N. (2017). Understanding bird preference on agroforestry system: is there a potential case for birdwatching development?. Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies, 5(2), pp..","Journal article","Agung Sih Kurnianto, Jati Batoro, Nia Kurniawan",2017,"Understanding Bird Preference on Agroforestry System: Is There a Potential Case for Birdwatching Development?","Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies",5,"Graduate School of Environment Sciences, University of Brawijaya,Malang, Indonesia","Indonesia","N/A"," To  understand  the  bird preference  on  the  different  types  of  agroforestry management  and  the  implication  on  the  development  of  birdwatching  as  a  potential  ecotourism.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Gubugklakah Village, Malang Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia","Tropical","None",25,"Point  sites","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Species number, Birds number","Quantitative","Positive"," In     contrary     with the     conventional agriculture  and  houses  area,  agroforestry  area has  more  species  and  higher  number  of  birds that  belong  as  native  species","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938616,"KV","2018-03-30","Kasongo RK, Van Ranst E, Verdoodt A, Kanyankagote P, and Baert G. (2009). Impact of Acacia auriculiformis on the chemical fertility of sandy soils on the Bateke plateau, DR Congo. SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT, 25(1), pp.21-27.","Journal article","Kasongo RK ; Van Ranst E ; Verdoodt A ; Kanyankagote P ; Baert G ; ",2009,"Impact of Acacia auriculiformis on the chemical fertility of sandy soils on the Bate´ke´ plateau, D.R. Congo ","Soil Use and Management",25,"Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of\nCongo","Democratic Republic of the Congo","N/A","A 17-year chronosequence of Acacia auriculiformis fallows on Arenosols of the Bate´ke´ Plateau (D.R.\nCongo) was surveyed and compared with virgin savannah soils to assess chemical soil fertility changes\ninduced by these N-fixing trees","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Democratic Republic of the Congo","Bate´ke´ Plateau","Tropical","None",24,"Soil sample sites"," long lag time of 7–9 years was required\nbefore any significant impact on soil N was seen","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","pH(H\n2\nO) & pH(KCl)","Quantitative","Negative","pH decreases with fallows","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938616,"KV","2018-03-30","Kasongo RK, Van Ranst E, Verdoodt A, Kanyankagote P, and Baert G. (2009). Impact of Acacia auriculiformis on the chemical fertility of sandy soils on the Bateke plateau, DR Congo. SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT, 25(1), pp.21-27.","Journal article","Kasongo RK ; Van Ranst E ; Verdoodt A ; Kanyankagote P ; Baert G ; ",2009,"Impact of Acacia auriculiformis on the chemical fertility of sandy soils on the Bate´ke´ plateau, D.R. Congo ","Soil Use and Management",25,"Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of\nCongo","Democratic Republic of the Congo","N/A","A 17-year chronosequence of Acacia auriculiformis fallows on Arenosols of the Bate´ke´ Plateau (D.R.\nCongo) was surveyed and compared with virgin savannah soils to assess chemical soil fertility changes\ninduced by these N-fixing trees","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Democratic Republic of the Congo","Bate´ke´ Plateau","Tropical","None",24,"Soil sample sites"," long lag time of 7–9 years was required\nbefore any significant impact on soil N was seen","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Organic carbon","Quantitative","Positive","Organic carbon increases","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938616,"KV","2018-03-30","Kasongo RK, Van Ranst E, Verdoodt A, Kanyankagote P, and Baert G. (2009). Impact of Acacia auriculiformis on the chemical fertility of sandy soils on the Bateke plateau, DR Congo. SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT, 25(1), pp.21-27.","Journal article","Kasongo RK ; Van Ranst E ; Verdoodt A ; Kanyankagote P ; Baert G ; ",2009,"Impact of Acacia auriculiformis on the chemical fertility of sandy soils on the Bate´ke´ plateau, D.R. Congo ","Soil Use and Management",25,"Laboratory of Soil Science, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Kinshasa, BP 190 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of\nCongo","Democratic Republic of the Congo","N/A","A 17-year chronosequence of Acacia auriculiformis fallows on Arenosols of the Bate´ke´ Plateau (D.R.\nCongo) was surveyed and compared with virgin savannah soils to assess chemical soil fertility changes\ninduced by these N-fixing trees","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Democratic Republic of the Congo","Bate´ke´ Plateau","Tropical","None",24,"Soil sample sites","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Nitrogren content","Quantitative","Positive","Nitrogen content increases","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32392615,"KV","2018-03-31","Kassa Henok, Amaury Frankl, Jan Nyssen, Jean Poesen, and Stefaan Dondeyne. (2017). Impact of deforestation on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks: the case of the Gacheb catchment in the White Nile Basin, Ethiopia.. Agriculture, and ecosystems & environment., , pp..","Journal article","Henok Kassaa, Stefaan Dondeynec, Jean Poesenc, Amaury Franklb, Jan Nyssen",2017,"Impact of deforestation on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks: the case of the Gacheb catchment in the White Nile Basin, Ethiopia.","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",247,"Department of Natural Resources Management, Mizan-Tepi University, PO Box 391, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia","Ethiopia","NUFFIC (Netherlands)","The objectives of this study are: (i)\nto determine the impact of deforestation on soil fertility, (ii) to quantify\nthe effect of deforestation on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and (iii) to\nlink deforestation induced loss of organic carbon to the climate change\ndebate. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia"," upper Gacheb catchment, located in the headwaters of the White Nile in southwest Ethiopia","Tropical","None",360,"Soil samples","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32392615,"KV","2018-03-31","Kassa Henok, Amaury Frankl, Jan Nyssen, Jean Poesen, and Stefaan Dondeyne. (2017). Impact of deforestation on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks: the case of the Gacheb catchment in the White Nile Basin, Ethiopia.. Agriculture, and ecosystems & environment., , pp..","Journal article","Henok Kassaa, Stefaan Dondeynec, Jean Poesenc, Amaury Franklb, Jan Nyssen",2017,"Impact of deforestation on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks: the case of the Gacheb catchment in the White Nile Basin, Ethiopia.","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",247,"Department of Natural Resources Management, Mizan-Tepi University, PO Box 391, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia","Ethiopia","NUFFIC (Netherlands)","The objectives of this study are: (i)\nto determine the impact of deforestation on soil fertility, (ii) to quantify\nthe effect of deforestation on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and (iii) to\nlink deforestation induced loss of organic carbon to the climate change\ndebate. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia"," upper Gacheb catchment, located in the headwaters of the White Nile in southwest Ethiopia","Tropical","None",360,"Soil samples","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Nitrogren content","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32392615,"KV","2018-03-31","Kassa Henok, Amaury Frankl, Jan Nyssen, Jean Poesen, and Stefaan Dondeyne. (2017). Impact of deforestation on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks: the case of the Gacheb catchment in the White Nile Basin, Ethiopia.. Agriculture, and ecosystems & environment., , pp..","Journal article","Henok Kassaa, Stefaan Dondeynec, Jean Poesenc, Amaury Franklb, Jan Nyssen",2017,"Impact of deforestation on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks: the case of the Gacheb catchment in the White Nile Basin, Ethiopia.","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",247,"Department of Natural Resources Management, Mizan-Tepi University, PO Box 391, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia","Ethiopia","NUFFIC (Netherlands)","The objectives of this study are: (i)\nto determine the impact of deforestation on soil fertility, (ii) to quantify\nthe effect of deforestation on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and (iii) to\nlink deforestation induced loss of organic carbon to the climate change\ndebate. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia"," upper Gacheb catchment, located in the headwaters of the White Nile in southwest Ethiopia","Tropical","None",360,"Soil samples","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil organic carbon","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32374782,"KV","2018-04-07","Kibria M G, and Narayan Saha. (2011). Analysis of existing agroforestry practices in Madhupur Sal forest: an assessment based on ecological and economic perspectives.. Journal of Forestry Research, 22(4), pp..","Journal article","Mohammad Golam Kibria, Narayan Saha ",2011,"Analysis of existing agroforestry practices in Madhupur Sal forest: an assessment based on ecological and economic perspectives ","Journal of Forestry Research ",22,"Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, School of Agriculture and Mineral Sciences Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet Bangladesh","Bangladesh","N/A"," This study was carried out with a view to explore\necologically and economically suitable agroforestry practices in\nthe study area. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Madhupur Sal forest is situated in the Madhupur upazila (Subdistrict)\nof Tangail district","Tropical","None",40,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Margalef and Shannon Weiner index values, tree biomass,  soil pH, moisture content, organic matter, organic carbon, phosphorus, and total nitrogen, bulk density, particle density, sulphur and potassium","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938940,"KV","2018-04-07","Kirby KR, and Potvin C. (2007). Variation in carbon storage among tree species: Implications for the management of a small-scale carbon sink project. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, 246(2-3), pp.208-221.","Journal article","Kathryn R. Kirby, Catherine Potvin",2007,"Variation in carbon storage among tree species: Implications for the management of a small-scale carbon sink project","Forest Ecology and Management ",246,"Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Av. Dr. Penfield, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada","Canada","Fondo Canada-Panama\nand NSERC (CP)","We worked with a community in Eastern Panama to determine the average above- and below-ground C stocks of three land-use types in their territory: managed forest, agroforests and\npasture","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Panama","Ipet?´-Embera´ in eastern Panama Province, Panama","Tropical","None",48,"Plots","Forest sites were more likely to be located on hillsides than were agroforests or pastures","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Jaccard index, soil C stocks","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32375412,"KV","2018-04-08","Kishimoto-Yamada K, Itioka T, Nakagawa M, Momose K, and Nakashizuka T. (2011). Phytophagous scarabaeid diversity in swidden cultivation landscapes in Sarawak, Malaysia.. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 59(2), pp..","Journal article","Keiko KISHIMOTO-YAMADA, Takao ITIOKA, Michiko NAKAGAWA, Kuniyasu MOMOSE, Tohru NAKASHIZUKA",2011,"Phytophagous scarabaeid diversity in swidden cultivation landscapes in Sarawak, Malaysia","The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology",59,"Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, JAPAN","Japan","Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (Project D-04) ","We compared the species diversity of phytophagous scarabaeids collected by light trapping among 20 study plots in the following six forest types in Sarawak, Malaysia: primary forest, isolated primary forests, rubber gardens, old fallows, young fallows, and new fallows. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malaysia","Bakon River basin in Sarawak, Malaysia","Tropical","None",20,"Study plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","scarabaeid diversity (measured by three indices: estimated species richness, evenness, and species composition)","Both","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937434,"KV","2018-04-12","Koko LK, Snoeck D, Lekadou TT, and Assiri AA. (2013). Cacao-fruit tree intercropping effects on cocoa yield, plant vigour and light interception in Cte d'Ivoire. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS, 87(5), pp.1043-1052.","Journal article","Louis Kan Koko, Didier Snoeck,\nTacra Thierry Lekadou, Assiri Alexis Assiri",2013,"Cacao-fruit tree intercropping effects on cocoa yield, plant vigour and light interception in Coˆte d’Ivoire","Agroforest Systems",87,"CNRA (Centre National de Recherche Agronomique) Divo, Divo, Ivory Coast","Cote d’Ivoire","N/A","This study\nwas conducted to measure the incident light, growth,\nvigour and cocoa yield in cacao–orange, cacao–\navocado and cacao monocrop in order to assess\nwhether the streamlined planting of fruit trees at low\ndensity, in association with cacao, is compatible with\nsustained cacao growth, vigour and yields","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Cote d’Ivoire","Garango (0701’N,\n0547’W), a village located in the Bouafle´ department\nin the Centre–West region of Coˆte d’Ivoire","Tropical","None",12,"treatment plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","cocoa yields.","Quantitative","Negative","Results reveal that it is possible to obtain good cocoa\nyields when growing cacao under fruit trees","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936887,"KV","2018-04-12","Krashevska V, Klarner B, Widyastuti R, Maraun M, and Scheu S. (2015). Impact of tropical lowland rainforest conversion into rubber and oil palm plantations on soil microbial communities. BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS, 51(6), pp.697-705.","Journal article","Valentyna Krashevska & Bernhard Klarner & Rahayu Widyastuti &\nMark Maraun & Stefan Scheu",2015,"Impact of tropical lowland rainforest conversion into rubber\nand oil palm plantations on soil microbial communities","Biology and Fertility of Soils",51,"J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg\nAugust University Göttingen, Berliner Str. 28,\n37073 Göttingen, Germany","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG) in the framework of\nthe collaborative German-Indonesian research project CRC990\n(EFForTS).","We investigated effects of the conversion\nof rainforests into rubber agroforests (Bjungle\nrubber^), intensive rubber, and oil palm plantations on the\ncommunities of litter and soil microorganisms and identified\nfactors responsible for these changes.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Jambi\nprovince in southwest Sumatra","Tropical","None",32,"sampling sites","Low concentrations of fungi in rainforest soils were\nassociated by high concentrations of bacteria, suggesting that\nthe latter are more effective in exploiting resources in\nrainforest as compared to the studied production systems.","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Water content, pH, soil C, soil microbial biomass","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937344,"KV","2018-04-17","Kuwano BH, Knob A, Fagotti DSL, Melem NJ, Godoy L, Diehl RC, Krawulski CC, Andrade G, Zangaro W, Tavares J, and Nogueira MA. (2014). SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS IN A RHODIC KANDIUDULT UNDER DIFFERENT USES IN NORTHERN PARANA, BRAZIL. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO SOLO, 38(1), pp.50-59.","Journal article","Biana Harumi Kuwano, Adriana Knob, Dáfila Santos Lima Fagotti, Nagib JorgeMelém Júnior, Leandro Godoy, Raquel Cátia Diehl, Cristina Célia Krawulski,Galdino Andrade Filho(4), Waldemar Zangaro Filho(4), João Tavares-Filho(5) & MarcoAntonio Nogueira(6)",2013,"SOIL  QUALITY  INDICATORS  IN A  RHODIC  KANDIUDULTUNDER DIFFERENT USES IN NORTHERN PARANA, BRAZIL","Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo",38,"Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL).","Brazil","CAPES and the CNPq","The aim of this study was to investigate chemical, microbiological andbiochemical properties of soil associated with C, N and P under different land uses in a farm property with diversified activity in northern Parana, Brazil. S","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Brazil","Rolandia, PR","Tropical","None",7,"sampling sites","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Concentrations of organic  carbon, microbial biomass, enzyme activities, metabolic coefficient,  content of water-dispersible clay","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937160,"KV","2018-04-19","Lagerlof J, Adolfsson L, Borjesson G, Ehlers K, Vinyoles GP, and Sundh I. (2014). Land-use intensification and agroforestry in the Kenyan highland: Impacts on soil microbial community composition and functional capacity. APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY, 82, pp.93-99.","Journal article","Jan Lagerlöf, Lena Adolfsson, Gunnar Börjesson, Knut Ehlers,\nGlòria Palarès Vinyoles, Ingvar Sundh",2014,"Land-use intensification and agroforestry in the Kenyan highland: Impacts on soil microbial community composition and functional capacity","Applied Soil Ecology",82,"SLU, Department of Ecology, P.O. Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden","Sweden","Minor Field Study scholarship from Sida/Internationella\nprogramkontoret in Sweden and by a research grant from Formas/\nSida for work at CIAT – a CGIAR Institute","This study investigates microbial communities in soil from sites under different land use in Kenya. We sampled natural forest, forest plantations, agricultural fields of agroforestry farms, agricultural fields with traditional farming and eroded soil on the slopes of Mount Elgon, Kenya.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Kenya","Mt Elgon, west of Kitale in\nRift Valley province, Kenya","Multiple","None",40,"sampling locations","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","pH, total soil nitrogen (N), total soil carbon (C), plant available phosphorus (P), nitrate, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), substrate utilisation capacity","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373148,"KV","2018-04-21","Latifah A M, Gabriel T W, and Les Met. (2014). Plant species diversity in different forest ecosystem of Bungoh catchment, Sarawak, Malaysia.. International Journal of Current Science, (10), pp..","Journal article","Latifah A.M, Gabriel T.W, and Les Met",2014,"Plant species diversity in different forest ecosystem of Bungoh Catchment, Sarawak, Malaysia","International Journal of Current Science",10,"Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies,University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia","Malaysia","N/A","A  study  was  conducted  to  determine  species  diversity  and  species  richness  of  plants  in  three major types of forest ecosystem. The major vegetation included primary forest (PF), secondary forest (SF) and agroforestry (AF). ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Malaysia","  Bungoh  catchment which is a segment of Sarawak Kiri River catchment areas and  upstream  of  Bungoh dam","Tropical","None",394,"individual trees","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","relative frequency (Rf), relative density (Rd), relative dominance (Rd) and important value index (IVI) of tree species.  Simpson’s  index  of  diversity  and  Shannon-Weiner  index  were  used  to  measure  species  diversity.","Quantitative","Positive","The results  indicate  that  the  tree species   diversity   can   recover   naturally   after   selected logging  and  other  anthropogenic  activities. ","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32372765,"KV","2018-04-21","Lemes P G, Anjos N dos, Souza R M, and Jorge I R. (2014). Effect of intercropping on predation of Oncideres ocularis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Brazilian Acacia mangium plantations.. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, 40(1), pp..","Journal article","Pedro G. Lemes, Norivaldo dos Anjos, Rodolfo M. Souza and Isaac R. Jorge",2014,"Effect of intercropping on predation of Oncideres ocularis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Brazilian Acacia mangium plantations","Revista Colombiana de Entomología",40,"Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil,","Brazil","Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)"," The objective of this work was to verify if the number of larvae and the action of natural enemies of this twig girdler vary along the girdled branch and with the different plantation methods.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Brazil","Coimbra, State of Minas\nGerais, Brazil","Tropical","None",3060,"individual trees","It was not possible to identify the cause of death for the larvae\nnot killed by predators. Thus, only the number of living\nlarvae and preyed larvae were discussed in this work. Another factor that could explain the lower survival and\nhigher predation rates in monoculture compared to intercropped\nplantation would be that both are young plantations. ","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A"," the total number of larvae (dead and living larvae), preyed larvae, parasitized larvae and total number of dead larvae (sum of the number of preyed, parasitized, and dead due to unknown\nreasons larvae)","Quantitative","Mixed","Because no predator was observed or collected, the spatial\nand temporal diversity of these agents and the effect of diversification\nof the agrosystem in interfering with the survival\nof larvae remain unknown.","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936446,"KV","2018-04-23","Lemos ECM, Vasconcelos SS, Santiago WR, de Oliveira MCM, and Souza CMD. (2016). The responses of soil, litter and root carbon stocks to the conversion of forest regrowth to crop and tree production systems used by smallholder farmers in eastern Amazonia. SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT, 32(4), pp.504-514.","Journal article","Lemos ECM ; Vasconcelos SS ; Santiago WR ; de Oliveira MCM ; Souza CMD ; ",2016,"The responses of soil, litter and root carbon stocks to theconversion of forest regrowth to crop and tree productionsystems used by smallholder farmers in eastern Amazonia","Soil Use and Management",32,"Universidade Federal do Par\u0001a, Rua Augusto Correa, n°01, 66075-110 Bel\u0001em, Par\u0001a, Brazil","Brazil","Embrapa","Here, we quantify the stocks of C in soil (0–100 cm depth), aboveground litter and coarse roots of traditional (slash-and-burn)  and  alternative  (Schizolobium  amazonicum-planted  forest  and  silvopastoral  system)smallholder agricultural systems, which were compared with a reference area (forest regrowth) in the eastern Amazonia.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Brazil","Mae do Rio, located in eastern Para State, eastern Amazonia","Tropical","None",16,"treatment plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil C stock, Fine litter and root C stock, ","Quantitative","Mixed"," Overall, forest regrowth conversion to slash-and-burn, silvopastoral andS. amazonicum- planted forests led to declines of 23, 26 and 46%, respectively, in thesum of soil, litter and root C stocks","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32375697,"KV","2018-04-27","Leyequien E, Boer W F. de, and Toledo V M. (2010). Bird community composition in a shaded coffee agro-ecological matrix in Puebla, Mexico: the effects of landscape heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales.. Biotropica, 42(2), pp..","Journal article","Eury?dice Leyequien, W.F. de Boer, and V?ctor M. Toledo",2010,"Bird Community Composition in a Shaded Coffee Agro-ecological Matrix in Puebla, Mexico: The Effects of Landscape Heterogeneity at Multiple Spatial Scales","BIOTROPICA",42,"Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands","The Netherlands","CONACYT grant 149557 and the fellowship granted by the\nFoundation for Scientific Research in the Tropics to E. Leyequien","This study examined the importance of habitat heterogeneity on the avian community composition, and investigated the scale at which species abundances respond to\nhabitat variables","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Mexico","Cuetzalan region in the Northern\nMountain Range of Puebla, Mexico","Tropical","None",36,"sample landscapes","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","bird species composition, variables: plot-level (i.e.,\nstructural and compositional vegetation variables), patch-level (i.e.,\npatch metrics) and landscape-level (i.e., composition metrics: proportion\nof different land cover types)","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376955,"KV","2018-05-03","Lopez-Gomez A M, Williams-Linera G, and Manson R H. (2008). Tree species diversity and vegetation structure in shade coffee farms in Veracruz, Mexico.. Agriculture, and Ecosystems & Environment, 124(3/4), pp..","Journal article","Ana M. Lo pez-Gómez, Guadalupe Williams-Linera, Robert H. Manson",2008,"Tree species diversity and vegetation structure in shadecoffee farms in Veracruz, Mexico","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",124,"Instituto de Ecolog?a, A.C., km 2.5 carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, Mexico","Mexico","Project  BIOCAFE funded  by  SEMARNAT-CONACyT,  2002-C01-0194,  and was  supported  in  part  by  the  Department  of  Functional Ecology, Instituto de Ecolog? ?a, A.C. (IE 902-11)","We evaluated how tree vegetation structure andrichness changed as a function of management type and compared to that remnant forest fragments. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Mexico"," Coatepec-Huatusco region in central Veracruz,\nMexico","Tropical","None",144,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Tree density, Basal area","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32376955,"KV","2018-05-03","Lopez-Gomez A M, Williams-Linera G, and Manson R H. (2008). Tree species diversity and vegetation structure in shade coffee farms in Veracruz, Mexico.. Agriculture, and Ecosystems & Environment, 124(3/4), pp..","Journal article","Ana M. Lo pez-Gómez, Guadalupe Williams-Linera, Robert H. Manson",2008,"Tree species diversity and vegetation structure in shadecoffee farms in Veracruz, Mexico","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",124,"Instituto de Ecolog?a, A.C., km 2.5 carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, Mexico","Mexico","Project  BIOCAFE funded  by  SEMARNAT-CONACyT,  2002-C01-0194,  and was  supported  in  part  by  the  Department  of  Functional Ecology, Instituto de Ecolog? ?a, A.C. (IE 902-11)","We evaluated how tree vegetation structure andrichness changed as a function of management type and compared to that remnant forest fragments. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Mexico"," Coatepec-Huatusco region in central Veracruz,\nMexico","Tropical","None",144,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Mean tree height","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32373082,"KV","2018-05-11","MacLaren C, Buckley H L, and Hale R J. (2014). Conservation of forest biodiversity and ecosystem properties in a pastoral landscape of the Ecuadorian Andes.. Agroforestry Systems, 88(2), pp..","Journal article","Chloe MacLaren,\nHannah L. Buckley,\nRoddy J. Hale",2014,"Conservation of forest biodiversity and ecosystem properties in a pastoral landscape of the Ecuadorian Andes","Agroforest Systems",88,"Department of Ecology, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand","New Zealand","Lincoln University postgraduate scholarship","This paper explores whether impacts on woody plantbiodiversity and four ecosystem properties (woodyplant species richness, juvenile timber tree abundance,soil organic matter content and soil moisture) fromconverting forest to pasture can be mitigated if somewoodyforest vegetation ismaintainedwithinpastures.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Ecuador","upper Papallacta valley, Ecuadorian Andes","Tropical","None",83,"sampling sites","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","variability in plant abundances between sites, species richness, timber regeneration, soil organic matter and soil moisture content.","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937704,"KV","2018-05-11","Mao R, Zeng DH, Li LJ, and Hu YL. (2012). Changes in labile soil organic matter fractions following land use change from monocropping to poplar-based agroforestry systems in a semiarid region of Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT, 184(11), pp.6845-6853.","Journal article","Rong Mao & De-Hui Zeng & Lu-Jun Li & Ya-Lin Hu",2012,"Changes in labile soil organic matter fractions following land\nuse change from monocropping to poplar-based agroforestry\nsystems in a semiarid region of Northeast China","Environmental Monitoring and Assessment",184,"State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology,\nInstitute of Applied Ecology,\nChinese Academy of Sciences,\nShenyang 110164, China","China","National\nKey Technologies R&D Program of China (nos.\n2011BAD38B0203 and 2006BAD03A0502) and the National\nNatural Science Foundation of China (no. 31000297)","In order to test the effects of land use change from monocropping to agroforestry systems on labile SOM fractions, we investigated soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N, particulate organic matter C (POMC) and N (POMN), as well as total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN) in the 0- to 15-cm and the 15- to 30-cm layers in 4-yearold poplar-based agroforestry systems and adjoining monocropping systems with two different soil textures\n(sandy loam and sandy clay loam) in a semiarid\nregion of Northeast China.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","China"," Jianping County, west of Liaoning\nProvince, Northeast China","Temperate","None",12,"sample plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and N, particulate organic matter C (POMC) and N (POMN), as well as total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN)","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31937651,"KV","2018-05-11","Mao R, and Zeng DH. (2013). Effect of land-use change from cropland to poplar-based agroforestry on soil properties in a semiarid region of northeast China. FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN, 22(4A), pp.1077-1084.","Journal article","Rong Mao & De-Hui Zeng ",2013,"Effect of land-use change from cropland to poplar-based agroforestry on soil properties in a semiarid region of northeast China"," Fresenius Environmental Bulletin",22,"State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology,\nInstitute of Applied Ecology,\nChinese Academy of Sciences,\nShenyang 110164, China","China"," National\nKey Technologies R&D Program of China (Nos.\n2011BAD38B0203 and 2006BAD03A0502), the Ministry\nof Land and Resources Program “Special foundation for\nscientific research on public causes” (Nos. 201111023 and\nGZH201100203) and Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon\nResources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of\nLand and Resources (No. MRE201101)"," In order to examine the effect of agroforestry practices on soil quality, we investigated thechanges in selected soil physical, chemical and microbial properties in 0–15 and 15–30 cm layers following 5 years of land-use change from croplands to poplar (Populus euramericana cv. ‘N3016’)-based agroforestry systems in a semiarid temperate area of Northeast China. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","China"," Jianping County, west of Liaoning\nProvince, Northeast China","Temperate","None",12,"sample plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Mean DBH and tree height for poplar,  Poplar litter mass, soil bulk density,  soil TOC and TN,  soil pH,  soil microbial biomass, BR\nand qCO2soil, soil NH4+-N, NO3--N and PNM","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936781,"KV","2018-05-15","Guzman A, Link A, Castillo JA, and Botero JE. (2016). Agroecosystems and primate conservation: Shade coffee as potential habitat for the conservation of Andean night monkeys in the northern Andes. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 215, pp.57-67.","Journal article","Adriana Guzmán, Andrés Link, Jaime A. Castillo, Jorge E. Botero",2015,"Agroecosystems and primate conservation: Shade coffee as potential habitat for the conservation of Andean night monkeys in the northern Andes","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",215,"Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café, Cenicafé, Km. 4 vía antigua Chinchiná-Manizales, Caldas, Colombia","Colombia",": Rainforest Alliance, Cenicafé, San Vicente de Chucurí\nFNC Extension Service and Fundacion Natura.","The principal aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of shade coffee plantations on the\nconservation of Andean night monkeys (Aotus lemurinus) in the Colombian highlands","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Colombia","San Vicente del Chucurí,\nSantander, on the western slope of Serranía de Los Yariguies in the\nnorth-eastern Andean cordillera of Colombia","Tropical","None",60,"hours of behavioral sampling per month","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Time spent by primates in the habitat, Number of tree species","Quantitative","Negative","Primates spent more time in forests","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936781,"KV","2018-05-15","Guzman A, Link A, Castillo JA, and Botero JE. (2016). Agroecosystems and primate conservation: Shade coffee as potential habitat for the conservation of Andean night monkeys in the northern Andes. AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT, 215, pp.57-67.","Journal article","Adriana Guzmán, Andrés Link, Jaime A. Castillo, Jorge E. Botero",2015,"Agroecosystems and primate conservation: Shade coffee as potential habitat for the conservation of Andean night monkeys in the northern Andes","Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment",215,"Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café, Cenicafé, Km. 4 vía antigua Chinchiná-Manizales, Caldas, Colombia","Colombia",": Rainforest Alliance, Cenicafé, San Vicente de Chucurí\nFNC Extension Service and Fundacion Natura.","The principal aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of shade coffee plantations on the\nconservation of Andean night monkeys (Aotus lemurinus) in the Colombian highlands","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Colombia","San Vicente del Chucurí,\nSantander, on the western slope of Serranía de Los Yariguies in the\nnorth-eastern Andean cordillera of Colombia","Tropical","None",30,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Total fruit production per ha","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938192,"KV","2018-05-22","Hanisch S, Dara Z, Brinkmann K, and Buerkert A. (2011). Soil fertility and nutrient status of traditional Gayo coffee agroforestry systems in the Takengon region, Aceh Province, Indonesia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE TROPICS AND SUBTROPICS, 112(2), pp.87-100.","Journal article","Susan Hanisch, Zaitun Dara, Katja Brinkmann, Andreas Buerkert ",2011,"Soil fertility and nutrient status of traditional Gayo coffee agroforestry systems in the Takengon region, Aceh Province, Indonesia","Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics",112,"Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics (OPATS), University of Kassel, Germany","Germany","N/A","Based on field observations and farmer interviews, 14 representative agroforestry coffee plantations of different age classes (60–70 years, 30–40 years, and 20 years) as well as seven\nadjacent grassland and native forest sites were selected for this study, and soil and coffee leaf samples collected for nutrient analysis.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Indonesia","north of Lake Laut Tawar\nin the district of Aceh Tengah, Aceh Province","Tropical","None",21,"sample plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH, exchangeable Na and Ca concentrations,  Soil C, N, plant available P, exchangeable K, and Mg concentrations, Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations of coffee leaves, zinc (Zn) contents","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32378702,"KV","2018-05-24","Hossain M A, Alam M A, Rahman M M, Rahaman M A, and Nobi M N. (2006). Financial variability of shifting cultivation versus agroforestry project: a case study in Chittagong Hill Tracts.. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 8(1), pp..","Journal article","M.A. HOSSAIN\n, M.A. ALAM, M.M. RAHMAN, M.A. RAHAMAN AND M.N. NOBI",2006,"Financial Variability of Shifting Cultivation Versus Agroforestry Project: A Case Study in Chittagong Hill Tracts","INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY",8,"Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh","Bangladesh","N/A","The present study compares the financial variability of shifting cultivation and agroforestry system practised in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) of Bangladesh.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Bangladesh","Thanchi upazilla of Bandarban Hill District","Tropical","None",20,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Profitability","N/A","Present Net Worth, average cost of production and yield, Component composition","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32244012,"KV","2018-05-31","Wick B Tiessen, H Menezes, and RSC. (2000). Land quality changes following the conversion of the natural vegetation into silvo-pastoral systems in semi-arid NE Brazil. PLANT AND SOIL, 222(1-2), pp.59 - 70.","Journal article","Barbara Wick, Holm Tiessen, and Romulo S.C. Menezes",2000,"Land quality changes following the conversion of the natural vegetation into silvo-pastoral systems in semi-arid NE Brazil","Plant and Soil",222,"Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, Georg August University Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen,\nGermany","Germany","InterAmerican Institute\nfor Global Change Research (IAI) and the Canadian\nInternational Development Agency","We evaluated soil quality changes associated with the conversion of a native thorn forest (caatinga) into silvo-pastoral systems in semiarid NE Brazil. ","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Brazil","Custodia, Pernambuco, NE Brazil","Tropical","None",9,"Plots","N/A","Primary forest","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil nutrients, organic matter, microbial biomass and soil enzymes","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938801,"KV","2018-05-31","Wick B, and Tiessen H. (2008). Organic matter turnover in light fraction and whole soil under silvopastoral land use in semiarid northeast Brazil. RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, 61(3), pp.275-283.","Journal article","Barbara Wick and Holm Tiessen",2008,"Organic Matter Turnover in Light Fraction and Whole Soil Under Silvopastoral Land Use in Semiarid Northeast Brazil"," Rangeland Ecology & Management",61,"Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Soil Science and Site Science, 10115 Berlin, Germany","Germany","N/A","The change in vegetation cover\nfrom caatinga, a semideciduous thorn forest (principally C3 metabolism) to buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) pasture (C4\nmetabolism) was used to quantify in situ input and turnover rates of organic carbon 14 yr after land-use changes.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Brazil","Custodia, Pernambuco, NE Brazil","Tropical","None",7,"sampling sites","N/A","Primary forest","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","in situ input and turnover rates of organic carbon","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31938131,"KV","2018-05-31","Williams-Guillen K, and Perfecto I. (2011). Ensemble Composition and Activity Levels of Insectivorous Bats in Response to Management Intensification in Coffee Agroforestry Systems. PLOS ONE, 6(1), pp..","Journal article","Kimberly Williams-Guillen, Ivette Perfecto",2011,"Ensemble Composition and Activity Levels of Insectivorous Bats in Response to Management Intensification in Coffee Agroforestry Systems","PLoS ONE",6,"University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources & Environment, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America","USA","N/A","we studied their diversity and activity in southern Chiapas, Mexico, a landscape dominated by coffee agroforestry. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Mexico","Soconusco region of Chiapas, Mexico","Tropical","None",4,"land use types","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","insectivorous bat ensemble, diversity and activity","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[31936258,"KV","2018-05-31","Zhang X, Zhao GS, Zhang XZ, Li X, Yu ZR, Liu YH, and Liang HB. (2017). Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Diversity and Body-Size Variation in Four Land Use Types in a Mountainous Area Near Beijing, China. COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN, 71(2), pp.402-412.","Journal article"," Xin Zhang, Guishen Zhao, Xuzhu Zhang, Xiao Li, Zhenrong Yu,\nYunhui Liu and Hongbin Liang",2017,"GROUND BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) DIVERSITY AND BODY-SIZE VARIATION IN FOUR LAND USE TYPES IN A MOUNTAINOUS AREA NEAR BEIJING, CHINA","The Coleopterists Bulletin",71,"College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,\nChina Agricultural University, Beijing ","China","the National Natural\nScience Foundation of China (31470514) and the\nKey Project of the Beijing Science and Technology\nCommission (D101105046210002)","To evaluate the effects of agricultural land use and woody crop intercropping on carabid diversity in mountainous regions, we compared the diversity of carabid beetles and their body size compositions in two walnut plantations (monoculture and newly established intercropping system) and two secondary succession habitats (secondary forest and grassland) in 2011\nand 2012.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","China","Puwa Town in the Fangshan District southwest of\nBeijing, China","Sub-tropical","None",16,"plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A"," carabid diversity and  body size composition","Quantitative","Neutral","the concept that the walnut-chrysanthemum intercropping system could serve as a\ntrade-off between production and biodiversity conservation will require long-term monitoring","No","N/A","N/A","N/A"]
[32377837,"NM","2019-03-06","Harteveld, M., Hertel, D., Wiens, M. and Leuschner, C., 2007. Spatial and temporal variability of fine root abundance and growth in tropical moist forests and agroforestry systems (Sulawesi, Indonesia). Ecotropica, 13, pp.111-120.","Journal article","Harteveld M ; Hertel D ; Wiens M ; Leuschner ",2007,"Spatial and temporal variability of fine root abundance and growth in tropical moist forests and agroforestry systems (Sulawesi, Indonesia).","Ecotropica",13,"University of Göttingen","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","A selection of four forests for fine root abundance and fine root production with temporal and spatial  variability. Trying to increase the forest disturbance for the fine root systems for a higher spatial variability or water and nutrient fluxes and carbon sequestration along with fine root biomass. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Toro Village The Lore Lindu National Park","Sub-tropical","None",4,"Forests","Management intensities","Primary forest","Temporal","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","fine root biomass, fine root necromass","Both","Mixed","directional outcome dependent on variable, and seson. seasonal variation had a smaller effect on agroforestry than comparator forests, and while seasons affected the forest sites all at the same time, seasonal change did not affect agroforestry at the same time. Seasons only affected FRB levels in all stands. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377837,"NM","2019-03-06","Harteveld, M., Hertel, D., Wiens, M. and Leuschner, C., 2007. Spatial and temporal variability of fine root abundance and growth in tropical moist forests and agroforestry systems (Sulawesi, Indonesia). Ecotropica, 13, pp.111-120.","Journal article","Harteveld M ; Hertel D ; Wiens M ; Leuschner ",2007,"Spatial and temporal variability of fine root abundance and growth in tropical moist forests and agroforestry systems (Sulawesi, Indonesia).","Ecotropica",13,"University of Göttingen","Germany","German Research Foundation (DFG)","A selection of four forests for fine root abundance and fine root production with temporal and spatial  variability. Trying to increase the forest disturbance for the fine root systems for a higher spatial variability or water and nutrient fluxes and carbon sequestration along with fine root biomass. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Toro Village The Lore Lindu National Park","Sub-tropical","None",4,"Forests","Management intensities","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","fine root biomass, fine root necromass","Both","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938943,"NM","2019-03-07","Harvey, C.A. and Villalobos, J.A.G., 2007. Agroforestry systems conserve species-rich but modified assemblages of tropical birds and bats. Biodiversity and Conservation, 16(8), pp.2257-2292.","Journal article","Harvey CA ; Villalobos JAG ; ",2007,"Agroforestry systems conserve species-rich but modified assemblages of tropical birds and bats","BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION",16,"Department of Agriculture and AgroforestryCATIETurrialbaCosta Rica","Costa Rica","Conservation International","Evaluates the contribution of agroforestry, cocoa and banana trees, on biodiversity conservation. It looks at the conservation of bats and birds diversity across the land uses of the agroforestry in Talamanca, Costa Rica. ","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Trees integrated in crop fields","Costa Rica","BriBri and Cabecar indigenous reserves in the Talamanca\rregion, in southeastern Costa Rica","Tropical","None",35,"Forest sites","Inclement Weather","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","Bird and bat abundace, species and richness diversity ","Both","Mixed","The correlation between the abundance and diversity from the birds to the vegetation charateristics were highly correlated and significant. The correlation between the abundance and diversity from the bats to the vegetation charateristics was weakly correlated and showed no relationships. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936378,"NM","2019-03-26","He, Jun, and Jianchu Xu. \"Is there decentralization in North Korea? Evidence and lessons from the sloping land management program 2004–2014.\" Land use policy 61(2017):113-125. Web.","Journal article","He J ; Xu JC ; ",2017,"Is there decentralization in North Korea? Evidence and lessons from the sloping land management program 2004-2014","LAND USE POLICY",61,"National Centre for Borderland Ethnic Studies in Southwest China, Yunnan University","China","World Agroforestry Centre","It is a literature review on the process of the Sloping Management Program (SLMP) to explore different outcomes. THe outcomes focused on the reform from environmental, socioeconomic, and policy perspectives. It also reviews the decentralization of natural resource management. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Korea, Democratic People's Republic of","North Hwanghae Province","Temperate","None",120,"SLMP stakeholders","discussion on land acces to user groups","Agriculture","Spatial","No","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","Slope Land User Groups","Interviewee questions and responses tailored to the land usage","Both","Positive","There was a positive environmental outcomes at the study sites along with positive socioeconomic outcomes, and push for land policy that has gotten attention.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936912,"NM","2019-03-27","Helbig Bonitz, M., Ferger, S. W., Böhning Gaese, K., Tschapka, M., Howell, K., & Kalko. (2015). Bats are Not Birds - Different Responses to Human Land-use on a Tropical Mountain. BIOTROPICA, 47(4), 497-508.","Journal article","Helbig-Bonitz M ; Ferger SW ; Bohning-Gaese K ; Tschapka M ; Howell K ; Kalko EKV ; ",2015,"Bats are Not Birds - Different Responses to Human Land-use on a Tropical Mountain","BIOTROPICA",47,"Institute of Experimental Ecology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, United Kingdom","United Kingdom ","German Research Foundation (DFG)","Bats and Birds were studied because of the lack of within land use. There is a gap in the bat and bird responses from their communities. Land use intesification was looked on bats and birds for their richness and and community composition and how it changes with land-use internsification. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","United Republic of Tanzania","Mount Kilimanjaro","Tropical","None",3,"plots - land-use type","Low quality calls","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Bat sonotype richness and occurance, overall bird abundance and species richness","Quantitative","Mixed","occurrence and sonotype richness negative for bats,  nuetral for birds","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32244060,"NM","2019-03-28","Soto-Pinto, L., Perfecto, I. and Caballero-Nieto, J., 2002. Shade over coffee: its effects on berry borer, leaf rust and spontaneous herbs in Chiapas, Mexico. Agroforestry systems, 55(1), pp.37-45.","Journal article","Soto-Pinto L Perfecto, I Caballero-Nieto, J; ",2002,"Shade over coffee: its effects on berry borer, leaf rust and spontaneous herbs in Chiapas, Mexico","Agroforestry Systems",55,"El Colegio de la Frontera Sur San Cristobal Mexico","Mexico","El Colegio de la Frontera Sur and the CONABIO-McAuthor Foundation","Since there has been coffee berry borer in many shaded trees, the study was to see the process of of reducing or elimination of shaded trees. This is to see the effect of coffe leaf rust based off shaded trees of ecological effects on the incidence of coffee berry borer.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Mexico","3 communities in Chiapas, Mexico: Muquenal, Alan K'antajal, & Segundo Cololteel","Sub-tropical","None",36,"plots","Altitude, slope, and aspect of the recording plots ","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","leaf rust incidences, berry borer, and spontaneous herb cover","Quantitative","Uncertain","leaf rust incidnences negatively correlated with agroforestry, tbe other two variables had no correlation to agroforestry","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936997,"NM","2019-04-03","de Fernandes Souza, V., de Assis Bomfim, J., Fontoura, T. and Cazetta, E., 2015. Richness and Abundance of Aechmea and Hohenbergia (Bromeliaceae) in Forest Fragments and Shade Cocoa Plantations in Two Contrasting Landscapes in Southern Bahia, Brazil. Tropical Conservation Science, 8(1), pp.58-75.","Journal article","Souza VD ; Bomfim JD ; Fontoura T ; Cazetta E ; ",2015,"Richness and abundance of Aechmea and Hohenbergia (Bromeliaceae) in forest fragments and shade cocoa plantations in two contrasting landscapes in southern Bahia, Brazil","TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE",8,"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz","Bazil","Lion Tamarins Fund and the Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz","It has been shown that agroforestry is an important factor to biodiversity. The point of the study was to test that on two different types of landscapesand test the richness and abundance of Aechmea and hohenbergia type of species. The two different landscapes being just forest and the other cocoa plantations. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Southern Bahia ","Tropical","None",2,"Landscapes - cocoa plantations and forest ","interactions between habitat and landscape","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","Landscape, habitat, and landscape*habitat","Quantitative","Neutral","There was a lower richness in landscae B - coffee plantations and is something that should be emphazied to have more advanced forests ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937487,"NM","2019-04-03","Sreekar, R., Mohan, A., Das, S., Agarwal, P. and Vivek, R., 2013. Natural windbreaks sustain bird diversity in a tea-dominated landscape. PloS one, 8(7), p.e70379.","Journal article","Sreekar R ; Mohan A ; Das S ; Agarwal P ; Vivek R ; ",2013,"Natural Windbreaks Sustain Bird Diversity in a Tea-Dominated Landscape","Plos One",8,"Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology","China","Academy of Conservation Sciences and Sustainable Studies, Ashoka Trust for Research in\nEcology and the Environment","The study is comparing the effect of windbreaks by birds in a tropical production lanscape by comparing the bird richness and abundance that are found in the primary forests. They also compare it to western ghats endemic species across the landscape features. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","India","Nalmukh and in the surrounding primary\nforests at Kakachi","Tropical","None",20,"plots - in each habitat type ","N/A","Primary forest","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","Primary forest and windbreak","Quantitative","Positive","Pool of birds make use of natural windbreaks ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938982,"NM","2019-04-03","Steffan-Dewenter, I., Kessler, M., Barkmann, J., Bos, M.M., Buchori, D., Erasmi, S., Faust, H., Gerold, G., Glenk, K., Gradstein, S.R. and Guhardja, E., 2007. Tradeoffs between income, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning during tropical rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(12), pp.4973-4978.","Journal article","Steffan-Dewenter I ; Kessler M ; Barkmann J ; Bos MM ; Buchori D ; Erasmi S ; Faust H ; Gerold G ; Glenk K ; Gradstein SR ; Guhardja E ; Harteveld M ; Hertel D ; Hohn P ; Kappas M ; Kohler S ; Leuschner C ; Maertens M ; Marggraf R ; Migge-Kleian S ; Mogea J ; Pitopang R ; Schaefer M ; Schwarze S ; Sporn SG ; Steingrebe A ; Tjitrosoedirdjo SS ; Tjitrosoemito S ; Twele A ; Weber R ; Woltmann L ; Zeller M ; Tscharntke T ; ",2007,"Tradeoffs between income, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning during tropical rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification","PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA",104,"Department of Agroecology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen","Germany","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Grant","The study was to show the importance on shaded trees not only for biodiversity but through income. It was primarily done with shaded cultivated trees specifically cacao","Yes","None","Yes","Agroforestry (general)","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Toro village in the Kulawi, Lore Lindu National Park","Tropical","None",12,"villages","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","annual net returns","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938982,"NM","2019-04-03","Steffan-Dewenter, I., Kessler, M., Barkmann, J., Bos, M.M., Buchori, D., Erasmi, S., Faust, H., Gerold, G., Glenk, K., Gradstein, S.R. and Guhardja, E., 2007. Tradeoffs between income, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning during tropical rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(12), pp.4973-4978.","Journal article","Steffan-Dewenter I ; Kessler M ; Barkmann J ; Bos MM ; Buchori D ; Erasmi S ; Faust H ; Gerold G ; Glenk K ; Gradstein SR ; Guhardja E ; Harteveld M ; Hertel D ; Hohn P ; Kappas M ; Kohler S ; Leuschner C ; Maertens M ; Marggraf R ; Migge-Kleian S ; Mogea J ; Pitopang R ; Schaefer M ; Schwarze S ; Sporn SG ; Steingrebe A ; Tjitrosoedirdjo SS ; Tjitrosoemito S ; Twele A ; Weber R ; Woltmann L ; Zeller M ; Tscharntke T ; ",2007,"Tradeoffs between income, biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning during tropical rainforest conversion and agroforestry intensification","PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA",104,"Department of Agroecology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen","Germany","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Grant","The study was to show the importance on shaded trees not only for biodiversity but through income. It was primarily done with shaded cultivated trees specifically cacao","Yes","None","Yes","Agroforestry with fish/insects","Entomoforestry","Indonesia","Toro village in the Kulawi, Lore Lindu National Park","Tropical","None",12,"agroforestry plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Above ground vegetation biomass, fineroot biomass & annual productivity, effective cation exchange capacity","Quantitative","Positive","The results document that the conversion of rainforest to extensive\ncacao agroforestry with high shading levels strongly impacts\nplant biomass and carbon storage as well as diversity of forest-using\nplant and insect species.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937949,"NM","2019-04-04","Stille, L., Smeets, E., Wicke, B., Singh, R. and Singh, G., 2011. The economic performance of four (agro-) forestry systems on alkaline soils in the state of Haryana in India. Energy for Sustainable Development, 15(4), pp.388-397.","Journal article","Stille L ; Smeets E ; Wicke B ; Singh R ; Singh G ; ",2011,"The economic performance of four (agro-) forestry systems on alkaline soils in the state of Haryana in India","Energy for sustainable development",15,"Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Department of Science, Technology and Society","Netherlands","N/A","The paper is based of finding the economic performance on agroforestry plantations on alkaline soils in semi arid-regions. The economic performance is calculated by calculating the NPV of the production of biomass and compared to the opportunity costs before conservation. ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","India","villages of Gudha, Kohand, Nain and Sutana in the districts Karnal,\nPanipat and Jhaijar","Temperate","None",4,"agroforestry plantations ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","NPV, Cost of Production ","Quantitative","positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937949,"NM","2019-04-04","Stille, L., Smeets, E., Wicke, B., Singh, R. and Singh, G., 2011. The economic performance of four (agro-) forestry systems on alkaline soils in the state of Haryana in India. Energy for Sustainable Development, 15(4), pp.388-397.","Journal article","Stille L ; Smeets E ; Wicke B ; Singh R ; Singh G ; ",2011,"The economic performance of four (agro-) forestry systems on alkaline soils in the state of Haryana in India","Energy for sustainable development",15,"Utrecht University, Copernicus Institute, Department of Science, Technology and Society","Netherlands","N/A","The paper is based of finding the economic performance on agroforestry plantations on alkaline soils in semi arid-regions. The economic performance is calculated by calculating the NPV of the production of biomass and compared to the opportunity costs before conservation. ","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","India","villages of Gudha, Kohand, Nain and Sutana in the districts Karnal,\nPanipat and Jhaijar","Temperate","None",4,"agroforestry plantations ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Non-randomized BACI","No","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","soil ph, organic carbon, soil to water suspension","Quantitative","Uncertain","The uncertainties of the research is not known but the results will be carried out to other sensitivity analysis to carry out the benefits of those. Article does state that farmers reported improved soil qualities but quantitative results are uncertain.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375483,"NM","2019-04-04","Strobl, S., Fetene, M. and Beck, E.H., 2011. Analysis of the “shelter tree-effect” of natural and exotic forest canopies on the growth of young Podocarpus falcatus trees in southern Ethiopia. Trees, 25(5), p.769.","Journal article","Strobl S ; Masresha Fetene ; Beck E H; ",2011,"Analysis of the \"shelter tree-effect\" of natural and exotic forest canopies on the growth of young Podocarpus falcatus trees in southern Ethiopia.","Trees: Structure and Function",25,"Department of Plant Physiology and Bayreuth Centre for Ecology and Environmental Research","Germany","Grant Be 473/35-2 from the German Research Foundation","The study is to see the performance of the saplings in the Munessa-Shashemene natural forests and exotic tree plantations of the varrying patterns of irridance and different contributions of sunflecks to the total understorey photosynthetic photon flux density","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Ethiopia","Munessa-Shashemene\nstate forest","Tropical","None",11,"P. Falcatus saplings","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","relative humidity, air\ntemperature, visible radiation, and photosynthetic active\nradiation","Quantitative","Negative","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32370945,"NM","2019-04-05","Sudeshna Bhattacharjya, Debarati Bhaduri, Swati Chauhan, Ramesh Chandra, Raverkar K P, and Navneet Pareek. (2017). Comparative evaluation of three contrasting land use systems for soil carbon, microbial and biochemical indicators in North-Western Himalaya.. Ecological Engineering, 103(Part A), pp..","Journal article","Sudeshna Bhattacharjya ; Debarati Bhaduri ; Swati Chauhan ; Ramesh Chandra ; Raverkar K P; Navneet Pareek ; ",2017,"Comparative evaluation of three contrasting land use systems for soil carbon, microbial and biochemical indicators in North-Western Himalaya.","Ecological Engineering",103,"Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, G B Pant University of Agriculture & Technology","India","N/A","The point of the study was to identify the most ecologically variable ecosystem with 3 different land use systems; agriculture, agroforestry, and horticulture based of selected soil carbon fractions to find a more sustainable and ecological viability","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Pantnagar lies in Terai plains of ‘Shiv-alik’ range of Himalayas","Sub-tropical","None",3,"Landuse systems - agriculture,agroforestry, and horticulture (mango)","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","EEGRSP: easily extractable glomalin related soil protein, TEGRSP: total extractable glomalin related soil protein, LTFE: rice-wheat cropping system","Quantitative","Positive","an increase in atmospheric temperature shows the reason of loss in carbon soil. Based on what was tested that could change if there is no-rill farming with good soil and tilth and improving the soil quality ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371844,"NM","2019-04-06","Sun YiRong, Zhu JiaoJun, Yan QiaoLing, Hu ZhiBin, and Zheng Xiao. (2016). Changes in vegetation carbon stocks between 1978 and 2007 in central Loess Plateau, China.. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(4), pp..","Journal article","Sun YiRong ; Zhu JiaoJun ; Yan QiaoLing ; Hu ZhiBin ; Zheng Xiao ; ",2016,"Changes in vegetation carbon stocks between 1978 and 2007 in central Loess Plateau, China.","Environmental Earth Sciences",75,"Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangChina","China","Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Knowledge Innovation Program of The Chinese Academy of Sciences","The objective of the sutdy was based of a previous program (TNSFP) that has show a decrease in soil erosion while quantifyin C sequestration and C stocks. Now, they are trying to change the vegetation in C stocks  and asses potential C stocks by the shelter forests","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","China","northern\nShaanxi - Central Losses Plateau","Temperate","None",163,"Survey plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","Aboveground biomass, diameter of breast height, stand height, stand age","Both","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379288,"NM","2019-04-09","Sukhjinder Singh, and Dhaliwal H S. (2005). An economic analysis of poplar based agroforestry systems in Punjab, India.. Indian Journal of Forestry, 28(4), pp..","Journal article","Sukhjinder Singh ; Dhaliwal H S; ",2005,"An economic analysis of poplar based agroforestry systems in Punjab, India.","Indian Journal of Forestry",28,"Department of Economics and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana ","India","N/A","This study was studying the effects of Poplar trees in India as they are a well known type of tree to grow in India. The study will be studying the economies of poplar cultivation and other farm alternative along with contrainsts being faced by the Poplar growers and suggest policy makers. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Lidhiana and Ropar Districts of Punjab","Temperate","None",50,"farmers  ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Profitability","N/A","NPV, IRR","Quantitative","Positive","Positive in the 4th, 5th and 6th year.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372702,"NM","2019-04-09","Supriyadi, S., 2014. Impact of Watershed Restoration Based Agroforestry on Soil Quality in the Sub-Watershed Keduang, Wonogiri, Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Development, 7(6), p.223.","Journal article","Supriyadi  ; ",2014,"Impact of watershed restoration based agroforestry on soil quality in the sub-watershed Keduang, Wonogiri, Indonesia.","Journal of Sustainable Development",7,"Climate Change and Biodiversity Research Group, Research and Development Center, Biotechnology and\nBiodiversity, Research Institutions and Devotion to the Public, Sebelas Maret University","Indonesia","Hibah Penelitian Unggulan 2012 Project of\nSebelas Maret University, Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesian Republic.","The objective of this research was to identify appropriate indicators for assessing\nthe impact of longterm agroforestry systems on soil quality. The Soil Quality Index is determined by collecting data on indicators that have been selected for each soil\nfunction or Minimum Data Set ","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Trees integrated in crop fields","Indonesia","Keduang river basin of Wonogiri Central of Java province","Tropical","None",9,"plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil aggregate stability, Bulk density, effective soil depth, available water capacity, soil ph, total organic carbon, available  phosphorous, soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon","Quantitative","Mixed","Dependant on comparator and variable","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371249,"NM","2019-04-09","Supriyadi, S., Hartati, S. and Machfiroh, N., 2016. Soil Quality Index in the Upstream of Bengawan Solo River Basin According to the Soil Function in Nutrient Cycling Based on Soybean Production in Agroforestry. Agrivita, 38(1), p.55.","Journal article","Supriyadi  ; Hartati S ; Machfiroh N ; Ustiatik R ; ",2016,"Soil quality index in the upstream of Bengawan Solo river basin according to the soil function in nutrient cycling based on soybean production in agroforestry.","AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science",38,"Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sebelas Mare","Indonesia","Indone- sia Higher Ministry of Education of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta","This study was conducted to determine the soil fertility and the soil quality index in agroforestry land in the upstream of Bengawan Solo river basin.This study also to quantify the crop biomass, nodulationand grain yield of soybean, to analyze crop growth in agroforestry system.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Indonesia","Bengawan, Soloriver basin","Tropical","None",14,"types of agroforestry","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","organic-C, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total-N, available-P, available-K, Na, Ca, Mg, base saturation and electrical conductivity (EC)","Quantitative","Neutral","Bengawan Solo river basin has insufficient in improving soil fertility. If all three types of agroforestry are compared, soil quality index of silvopastural is closest to secondary forest. Soil quality on all three types of agroforestry can be improved by the addition of organic matter inputs in the form of cover crop and by minimizing tillage.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371249,"NM","2019-04-09","Supriyadi, S., Hartati, S. and Machfiroh, N., 2016. Soil Quality Index in the Upstream of Bengawan Solo River Basin According to the Soil Function in Nutrient Cycling Based on Soybean Production in Agroforestry. Agrivita, 38(1), p.55.","Journal article","Supriyadi  ; Hartati S ; Machfiroh N ; Ustiatik R ; ",2016,"Soil quality index in the upstream of Bengawan Solo river basin according to the soil function in nutrient cycling based on soybean production in agroforestry.","AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science",38,"Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sebelas Mare","Indonesia","Indone- sia Higher Ministry of Education of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta","This study was conducted to determine the soil fertility and the soil quality index in agroforestry land in the upstream of Bengawan Solo river basin.This study also to quantify the crop biomass, nodulationand grain yield of soybean, to analyze crop growth in agroforestry system.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Not specified","Indonesia","Bengawan, Soloriver basin","Tropical","None",14,"types of agroforestry","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","organic-C, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total-N, available-P, available-K, Na, Ca, Mg, base saturation and electrical conductivity (EC)","Quantitative","Neutral","Bengawan Solo river basin has insufficient in improving soil fertility. If all three types of agroforestry are compared, soil quality index of silvopastural is closest to secondary forest. Soil quality on all three types of agroforestry can be improved by the addition of organic matter inputs in the form of cover crop and by minimizing tillage.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371249,"NM","2019-04-09","Supriyadi, S., Hartati, S. and Machfiroh, N., 2016. Soil Quality Index in the Upstream of Bengawan Solo River Basin According to the Soil Function in Nutrient Cycling Based on Soybean Production in Agroforestry. Agrivita, 38(1), p.55.","Journal article","Supriyadi  ; Hartati S ; Machfiroh N ; Ustiatik R ; ",2016,"Soil quality index in the upstream of Bengawan Solo river basin according to the soil function in nutrient cycling based on soybean production in agroforestry.","AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science",38,"Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sebelas Mare","Indonesia","Indone- sia Higher Ministry of Education of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta","This study was conducted to determine the soil fertility and the soil quality index in agroforestry land in the upstream of Bengawan Solo river basin.This study also to quantify the crop biomass, nodulationand grain yield of soybean, to analyze crop growth in agroforestry system.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Indonesia","Bengawan, Soloriver basin","Tropical","None",14,"types of agroforestry","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","organic-C, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total-N, available-P, available-K, Na, Ca, Mg, base saturation and electrical conductivity (EC)","Quantitative","Neutral","Bengawan Solo river basin has insufficient in improving soil fertility. If all three types of agroforestry are compared, soil quality index of silvopastural is closest to secondary forest. Soil quality on all three types of agroforestry can be improved by the addition of organic matter inputs in the form of cover crop and by minimizing tillage.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381438,"NM","2019-04-10","Swinkels, R.A., Franzel, S., Shepherd, K.D., Ohlsson, E. and Ndufa, J.K., 2002. The adoption potential of short rotation improved tree fallows: Evidence from western Kenya (pp. 65-88). New York: Cabi Publishing.","Book chapter","Swinkels R A; Franzel S ; Shepherd K D; Ohlsson E ; Ndufa J K; ",2002,"The adoption potential of short rotation improved tree fallows: evidence from Western Kenya.","Trees on the farm: assessing the adoption potential of agroforestry practices in Africa","N/A","nternational Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF), National Agroforestry Research Centre (NARC)","Kenya","Rockefeller Foundation,\nwhile DGIS of The Netherlands Government supported the first\nauthor and the Swedish International Development Association financed the\nfourth author.","The study asses the extent of fallows in the farming system and see what different problems might occur with the farming management. The fallow was also used to asses the economic cost according to yield to cover costs with the result of implementing better management with technology.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Maseno in western Kenya","Temperate","None",20,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","Women","yield, household characteristics, farm size and labour\navailable for agricultural work.*","Both","Mixed","Due to different managing systems among farmers there is a mixed reslts of yield ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32381438,"NM","2019-04-10","Swinkels, R.A., Franzel, S., Shepherd, K.D., Ohlsson, E. and Ndufa, J.K., 2002. The adoption potential of short rotation improved tree fallows: Evidence from western Kenya (pp. 65-88). New York: Cabi Publishing.","Book chapter","Swinkels R A; Franzel S ; Shepherd K D; Ohlsson E ; Ndufa J K; ",2002,"The adoption potential of short rotation improved tree fallows: evidence from Western Kenya.","Trees on the farm: assessing the adoption potential of agroforestry practices in Africa","N/A","nternational Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF), National Agroforestry Research Centre (NARC)","Kenya","Rockefeller Foundation,\nwhile DGIS of The Netherlands Government supported the first\nauthor and the Swedish International Development Association financed the\nfourth author.","The study asses the extent of fallows in the farming system and see what different problems might occur with the farming management. The fallow was also used to asses the economic cost according to yield to cover costs with the result of implementing better management with technology.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Kenya","Maseno in western Kenya","Temperate","None",20,"Households","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","Yes","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","Women","household characteristics, farm size and labour\navailable for agricultural work.*","Both","Mixed","Due to different managing systems among farmers there is a mixed reslts of yield ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32244062,"NM","2019-04-10","Su, Y.Z. and Zhao, H.L., 2002. Characteristics of soil degradation as affected by long-term land use and management systems in a semi-arid sandy soil in North China. Annals of Arid Zone, 41(2), pp.109-118.","Journal article","Su YZ Zhao, HL; ",2002,"Characteristics of soil degradation as affected by long-term land use and management systems in a semi-arid sandy soil in North China","ANNALS OF ARID ZONE",41,"Cold and Arid regions Enviromental and Engineering Research Institute, Chines Academy of Sciences","China","China National Key Projects","The study is looking at the different effects of land use and management to see how the soil responds to on soil degradation","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","China","Horqin Sandy Land","Temperate","None",4,"Landuse systems ","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Catalase, urease, neutral phosphate, alkaline phosphatase","Quantitative","Mixed","This dependend on the land use and the physical, chemical, and biological properties.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938329,"NM","2019-04-10","Sysouphanthong, P., Thongkantha, S., Zhao, R., Soytong, K. and Hyde, K.D., 2010. Mushroom diversity in sustainable shade tea forest and the effect of fire damage. Biodiversity and conservation, 19(5), pp.1401-1415.","Journal article","Sysouphanthong P ; Thongkantha S ; Zhao RL ; Soytong K ; Hyde KD ; ",2010,"Mushroom diversity in sustainable shade tea forest and the effect of fire damage","BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION",19,"School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University","Thailand","N/A","The study was comparing the\nmacrofungal diversity and edible fungi production in operational and abandoned shade tea\nforests as compared to a monocrop tea garden in the same region. It also establish the\neffect on burning on macrofungi diversity and edible fungi production in an abandoned\nburnt shade tea forest.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Thailand","Pha Deng Village, Pa Pae sub-district, Mae Taeng District,\nChiang Mai Province","Tropical","None",4,"plots - tea garden, cultivated sustainable tea forest, abandoned sustainable tea forest, fire damaged sustainable tea forest ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","Fresh weight of wild edible fungi, Occorrence frequency on species, ","Quantitative","Positive","There were limitations to the study because it was not possible to select shade tree species that were the same nor their history is the same","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938329,"NM","2019-04-10","Sysouphanthong, P., Thongkantha, S., Zhao, R., Soytong, K. and Hyde, K.D., 2010. Mushroom diversity in sustainable shade tea forest and the effect of fire damage. Biodiversity and conservation, 19(5), pp.1401-1415.","Journal article","Sysouphanthong P ; Thongkantha S ; Zhao RL ; Soytong K ; Hyde KD ; ",2010,"Mushroom diversity in sustainable shade tea forest and the effect of fire damage","BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION",19,"School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University","Thailand","N/A","The study was comparing the\nmacrofungal diversity and edible fungi production in operational and abandoned shade tea\nforests as compared to a monocrop tea garden in the same region. It also establish the\neffect on burning on macrofungi diversity and edible fungi production in an abandoned\nburnt shade tea forest.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Thailand","Pha Deng Village, Pa Pae sub-district, Mae Taeng District,\nChiang Mai Province","Tropical","None",4,"plots - tea garden, cultivated sustainable tea forest, abandoned sustainable tea forest, fire damaged sustainable tea forest ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Fresh weight of wild edible fungi, Occorrence frequency on species, ","Quantitative","Positive","There were limitations to the study because it was not possible to select shade tree species that were the same nor their history is the same","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937125,"NM","2019-04-10","Tadele, D. and Teketay, D., 2014. Growth and yield of two grain crops on sites former covered with eucalypt plantations in Koga Watershed, northwestern Ethiopia. Journal of forestry research, 25(4), pp.935-940.","Journal article","Tadele D ; Teketay D ; ",2014,"Growth and yield of two grain crops on sites former covered with eucalypt plantations in Koga Watershed, northwestern Ethiopia","JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH",25,"Bahir Dar UniversityBahir Dar","Ethiopia","Bahir Dar\nUniversity Research and Community Service","The point of the study was to see how Eucalyptus can be restored for annual crop production as they are a common species grown in the area. They were examining th growth on yield of 2 crops, barley and finger millet. These were all examined on different cultivated lands. ","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Ethiopia","Koga watershed,\nMecha District","Sub-tropical","None",30,"farmers with test crops ","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","yield","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937125,"NM","2019-04-10","Tadele, D. and Teketay, D., 2014. Growth and yield of two grain crops on sites former covered with eucalypt plantations in Koga Watershed, northwestern Ethiopia. Journal of forestry research, 25(4), pp.935-940.","Journal article","Tadele D ; Teketay D ; ",2014,"Growth and yield of two grain crops on sites former covered with eucalypt plantations in Koga Watershed, northwestern Ethiopia","JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH",25,"Bahir Dar UniversityBahir Dar","Ethiopia","Bahir Dar\nUniversity Research and Community Service","The point of the study was to see how Eucalyptus can be restored for annual crop production as they are a common species grown in the area. They were examining th growth on yield of 2 crops, barley and finger millet. These were all examined on different cultivated lands. ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Ethiopia","Koga watershed,\nMecha District","Sub-tropical","None",30,"farmers with test crops ","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","aboveground dry matter","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374656,"NM","2019-04-12","Souza H N. de. (2012). Biodiversity and key ecosystem services in agroforestry coffee systems in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest biome.. In: , ed., Biodiversity and key ecosystem services in agroforestry coffee systems in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest biome. Wageningen, Netherlands: Wageningen Universiteit (Wageningen University), pp..","Thesis","Souza H N. de; ",2012,"Biodiversity and key ecosystem services in agroforestry coffee systems in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest biome.","Biodiversity and key ecosystem services in agroforestry coffee systems in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest biome","N/A","Wageningen University","Netherlands","Coordenação de Pessoal de Ensino Superior","The study wanted to gain knowledge on different management systems with different landscape matrixs with respect to the farmers. Long term effects on coffee agroforestry, full-sun cofee, systems and surrounding reference forest fragments were assesed on the success of the agroforestry.  ","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest of Minas Gerais\nstate","Tropical","None",3,"Land use types","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","biomass production","Both","Positive","N/A","Yes","Selecting species: crops and trees leads to planned diversity which promotes functions and services","Results chain","Validating model with data"]
[31939366,"NM","2019-04-12","Suyanto, S., Permana, R.P., Khususiyah, N. and Joshi, L., 2005. Land tenure, agroforestry adoption, and reduction of fire hazard in a forest zone: A case study from Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia. Agroforestry Systems, 65(1), pp.1-11.","Journal article","Suyanto S ; Permana RP ; Khususiyah N ; Joshi L ; ",2005,"Land tenure, agroforestry adoption, and reduction of fire hazard in a forest zone: A case study from Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",65,"World Agroforestry CentreSoutheast Asia Regional OfficeBogor","Indonesia","N/A","The purpose of the study was to build a more sustainable land use practice with the use of land tenure rights but with the use of wild fires. The purpose was to see how farmers would use these practices for coffee plantations","No","Institutional and policy change","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Lampung Province, Sumatra","Sub-tropical","None",40,"households","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Tenure,age of household head, schooling of head, walking time, no. of male and female workers, dependency ratio, plot location, ","Quantitative","Positive","With the hypothetical government decision to stop farming activities in the protected forest areas before and after there was a posite significance in % of tenure. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937123,"NM","2019-04-12","Tadesse, G., Zavaleta, E. and Shennan, C., 2014. Effects of land-use changes on woody species distribution and above-ground carbon storage of forest-coffee systems. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 197, pp.21-30.","Journal article","Tadesse G ; Zavaleta E ; Shennan C ; ",2014,"Effects of land-use changes on woody species distribution and above-ground carbon storage of forest-coffee systems","AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT",197,"University of California","United States","Christensen Fund","The study was trying to prove that dense wood species decline when forests are converted into agriculture landscapes ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","southwest Ethiopia namely, Yeki and Decha","Tropical","None",71,"Woody species","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","Growth rate \nSize (height and DBH) \nCrown size \nSuccession stage\nSurvivorship \nResistance to herbivore, pathogens and\nfire \nResistance to fragmentation and disturbance \nEffects of human\nfilters","Both","Mixed","The woody densities varied from species to species","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937110,"NM","2019-04-13","Tadu, Z., Djiéto-Lordon, C., Youbi, E.M., Aléné, C.D., Fomena, A. and Babin, R., 2014. Ant mosaics in cocoa agroforestry systems of Southern Cameroon: influence of shade on the occurrence and spatial distribution of dominant ants. Agroforestry systems, 88(6), pp.1067-1079.","Journal article","Tadu Z ; Djieto-Lordon C ; Yede  ; Youbi EM ; Alene CD ; Fomena A ; Babin R ; ",2014,"Ant mosaics in cocoa agroforestry systems of Southern Cameroon: influence of shade on the occurrence and spatial distribution of dominant ants","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",88,"Laboratory of Zoology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé IYaoundé","Cameroon"," French Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the REPARAC project","This study is trying to combat pest infestation particular with ants. This will be done with the shade of trees of cocoa plantations but the ants with be sampled with certain conditions","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Cameroon","Bokito, Obala and\nNgomedzap","Tropical","None",4,"Plantation plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of waste, toxics and other","N/A","% transmitted sunlight, parameters for density, ","Quantitative","Mixed","There were some different outcomes on the types of tree species where some showed a negative relationship between density and transmitted light while other show to be significant.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937309,"NM","2019-04-13","Takano, K.T., Nakagawa, M., Itioka, T., Kishimoto-Yamada, K., Yamashita, S., Tanaka, H.O., Fukuda, D., Nagamasu, H., Ichikawa, M., Kato, Y. and Momose, K., 2014. The Extent of Biodiversity Recovery During Reforestation After Swidden Cultivation and the Impacts of Land-Use Changes on the Biodiversity of a Tropical Rainforest Region in Borneo. In Social-Ecological Systems in Transition (pp. 27-49). Springer Japan.","Book chapter","Takano KT ; Nakagawa M ; Itioka T ; Kishimoto-Yamada K ; Yamashita S ; Tanaka HO ; Fukuda D ; Nagamasu H ; Ichikawa M ; Kato Y ; Momose K ; Nakashizuka T ; Sakai S ; ",2014,"The Extent of Biodiversity Recovery During Reforestation After Swidden Cultivation and the Impacts of Land-Use Changes on the Biodiversity of a Tropical Rainforest Region in Borneo","SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS IN TRANSITION","N/A","Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku University","Japan","N/A","The aim of study was to focus on the recovery of diversity during reforestation. This was done by looking at fallows but also other lan-use types and the changes in biodiversity. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Malaysia","Lambir Hills National Park","Tropical","None",46,"study plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","canopy openness,\nwater potential, amount and composition of coarse woody debris, litter mass,\ntree basal area, and tree species composition","Both","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938384,"NM","2019-04-13","Torres, A.B., Marchant, R., Lovett, J.C., Smart, J.C. and Tipper, R., 2010. Analysis of the carbon sequestration costs of afforestation and reforestation agroforestry practices and the use of cost curves to evaluate their potential for implementation of climate change mitigation. Ecological economics, 69(3), pp.469-477.","Journal article","Torres AB ; Marchant R ; Lovett JC ; Smart JCR ; Tipper R ; ",2010,"Analysis of the carbon sequestration costs of afforestation and reforestation agroforestry practices and the use of cost curves to evaluate their potential for implementation of climate change mitigation","ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS",69,"Environment Department, University of York","United Kingdon","FIDERH (Banco de México) and FUNED A.C. for their support in 2006–2007 and SEP and CONACYT","this paper is to analyze the sequestration costs of agroforestry afforestation and reforestation projects (ARPs)\nfollowing a partial market equilibrium using average cost curves and economic break even analysis to\nidentify the supply costs.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Mexico","Chiapas Mexico","Tropical","None",7,"sequestration options","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Opportunity costs, transaction cost, production yield, harvested area, price paid per ton, production cost reported","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938384,"NM","2019-04-13","Torres, A.B., Marchant, R., Lovett, J.C., Smart, J.C. and Tipper, R., 2010. Analysis of the carbon sequestration costs of afforestation and reforestation agroforestry practices and the use of cost curves to evaluate their potential for implementation of climate change mitigation. Ecological economics, 69(3), pp.469-477.","Journal article","Torres AB ; Marchant R ; Lovett JC ; Smart JCR ; Tipper R ; ",2010,"Analysis of the carbon sequestration costs of afforestation and reforestation agroforestry practices and the use of cost curves to evaluate their potential for implementation of climate change mitigation","ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS",69,"Environment Department, University of York","United Kingdon","FIDERH (Banco de México) and FUNED A.C. for their support in 2006–2007 and SEP and CONACYT","this paper is to analyze the sequestration costs of agroforestry afforestation and reforestation projects (ARPs)\nfollowing a partial market equilibrium using average cost curves and economic break even analysis to\nidentify the supply costs.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Mexico","Chiapas Mexico","Tropical","None",7,"sequestration options","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Opportunity costs, transaction cost, production yield, harvested area, price paid per ton, production cost reported","Quantitative","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371412,"NM","2019-04-15","Takoutsing, B., Weber, J.C., Tchoundjeu, Z. and Shepherd, K., 2016. Soil chemical properties dynamics as affected by land use change in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Agroforestry Systems, 90(6), pp.1089-1102.","Journal article","Takoutsing B ; Weber J C; Tchoundjeu Z ; Shepherd K ; ",2016,"Soil chemical properties dynamics as affected by land use change in the humid forest zone of Cameroon.","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",90,"World Agroforestry Centre, West and Central Africa Regional Office","Cameroon","N/A","The objective for this paper was to asses the soil prorperties of the different land uses types and see if the correlations of the chemical properties were similar to those of the land use types. These all properties were looked into to see the soil property affect soil fertility and productivity in density for agriculture and tree systems","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Cameroon","Cameroon","Tropical","None",192,"soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","total carbon (TC), soil organic carbon\n(SOC), total nitrogen (TN), cation exchange capacity\n(CEC), boron (B), calcium (Ca), potassium (K) magnesium\n(Mg), and pH, while MIR spectroscopy was\nthen used to estimate these properties in the remaining\n134 samples.","Quantitative","Positive","The effect of land-use types was significant on all 4 properties. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371412,"NM","2019-04-15","Takoutsing, B., Weber, J.C., Tchoundjeu, Z. and Shepherd, K., 2016. Soil chemical properties dynamics as affected by land use change in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Agroforestry Systems, 90(6), pp.1089-1102.","Journal article","Takoutsing B ; Weber J C; Tchoundjeu Z ; Shepherd K ; ",2016,"Soil chemical properties dynamics as affected by land use change in the humid forest zone of Cameroon.","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",90,"World Agroforestry Centre, West and Central Africa Regional Office","Cameroon","N/A","The objective for this paper was to asses the soil prorperties of the different land uses types and see if the correlations of the chemical properties were similar to those of the land use types. These all properties were looked into to see the soil property affect soil fertility and productivity in density for agriculture and tree systems","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Cameroon","Cameroon","Tropical","None",192,"soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","total carbon (TC), soil organic carbon\n(SOC), total nitrogen (TN), cation exchange capacity\n(CEC), boron (B), calcium (Ca), potassium (K) magnesium\n(Mg), and pH, while MIR spectroscopy was\nthen used to estimate these properties in the remaining\n134 samples.","Quantitative","Positive","The effect of land-use types was significant on all 4 properties. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371412,"NM","2019-04-15","Takoutsing, B., Weber, J.C., Tchoundjeu, Z. and Shepherd, K., 2016. Soil chemical properties dynamics as affected by land use change in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Agroforestry Systems, 90(6), pp.1089-1102.","Journal article","Takoutsing B ; Weber J C; Tchoundjeu Z ; Shepherd K ; ",2016,"Soil chemical properties dynamics as affected by land use change in the humid forest zone of Cameroon.","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",90,"World Agroforestry Centre, West and Central Africa Regional Office","Cameroon","N/A","The objective for this paper was to asses the soil prorperties of the different land uses types and see if the correlations of the chemical properties were similar to those of the land use types. These all properties were looked into to see the soil property affect soil fertility and productivity in density for agriculture and tree systems","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Cameroon","Cameroon","Tropical","None",192,"soil samples","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","total carbon (TC), soil organic carbon\n(SOC), total nitrogen (TN), cation exchange capacity\n(CEC), boron (B), calcium (Ca), potassium (K) magnesium\n(Mg), and pH, while MIR spectroscopy was\nthen used to estimate these properties in the remaining\n134 samples.","Quantitative","Positive","The effect of land-use types was significant on all 4 properties. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938222,"NM","2019-04-15","Teodoro, A.V., Sousa-Souto, L., Klein, A.M. and Tscharntke, T., 2010. Seasonal contrasts in the response of coffee ants to agroforestry shade-tree management. Environmental entomology, 39(6), pp.1744-1750.","Journal article","Teodoro AV ; Sousa-Souto L ; Klein AM ; Tscharntke T ; ",2010,"Seasonal Contrasts in the Response of Coffee Ants to Agroforestry Shade-Tree Management","ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY",39,"Agroecology, University ofGÖttingen","Germany","German Ministry of Education and\nResearch (BMBF, Bioteam program)","we tested the hypothesis that higher levels of shade and associated\nhumidity in agroforestry enhance coffee ant richness more during the dry than rainy season, comparing\nant richness in 22 plots of three coffee agroforestry types in coastal Ecuador: which were simple shade, complx shade, and abonded cofee agroforests","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ecuador","coffee-growing region of Jipijapa, a province of Manabi, Ecuador.","Tropical","None",22,"Study sidtes on the different Agroforestry types","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","abiotic\n(temperature and relative humidity) and biotic (canopy\ncover, tree diversity, tree density and coffee density)","Both","Positive","Ant species richness was affected by agroforestry\nmanagement and season, but no substantial change in\nant community composition was observed","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32378948,"NM","2019-04-16","Thakur, N.S., Gupta, N.K. and Gupta, B., 2005. Biomass partitioning of Khair trees (Acacia catechu Willd.) under different agroforestry systems in western Himalayas–a case study. Short rotation forestry for industrial and rural development, pp.208-214.","Book chapter","Thakur N S; Gupta N K; Gupta B ; ",2006,"Biomass partitioning of khair trees (Acacia catechu Willd.) under different agroforestry systems in Western Himalayas - a case study.","Short rotation forestry for industrial and rural development. Proceedings of the IUFRO-ISTS-UHF International Conference on World Perspective on Short Rotation Forestry for Industrial and Rural Development, Nauni, Solan, India, 7-13 September 2003.","N/A","Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry ","India","N/A","This paper was to analyze and study the biomass of multipurpose tree species including Acacia catechu and in different agroforestry systems. The biomass was studied for its production in every part of the tree. ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Kuthar and Arla-Kalyana villages of Kuthar Forest Range of Solan District ","Tropical","None",3,"Agroforestry Systems ","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","biomass of heartwood, stem, root, heartwood in root, bark, and sapwood in stem and root, leaves ","Quantitative","Mixed","Each variable that was measured on its biomass increased with and increase diameter in each system","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32378948,"NM","2019-04-16","Thakur, N.S., Gupta, N.K. and Gupta, B., 2005. Biomass partitioning of Khair trees (Acacia catechu Willd.) under different agroforestry systems in western Himalayas–a case study. Short rotation forestry for industrial and rural development, pp.208-214.","Book chapter","Thakur N S; Gupta N K; Gupta B ; ",2006,"Biomass partitioning of khair trees (Acacia catechu Willd.) under different agroforestry systems in Western Himalayas - a case study.","Short rotation forestry for industrial and rural development. Proceedings of the IUFRO-ISTS-UHF International Conference on World Perspective on Short Rotation Forestry for Industrial and Rural Development, Nauni, Solan, India, 7-13 September 2003.","N/A","Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry ","India","N/A","This paper was to analyze and study the biomass of multipurpose tree species including Acacia catechu and in different agroforestry systems. The biomass was studied for its production in every part of the tree. ","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Woody hedgerows for browse, green manure, soil conservation","Indonesia","Kuthar and Arla-Kalyana villages of Kuthar Forest Range of Solan District ","Tropical","None",3,"Agroforestry Systems ","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","biomass of heartwood, stem, root, heartwood in root, bark, and sapwood in stem and root, leaves ","Quantitative","Mixed","Each variable that was measured on its biomass increased with and increase diameter in each system","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374322,"NM","2019-04-16","Thorlakson, T. and Neufeldt, H., 2012. Reducing subsistence farmers’ vulnerability to climate change: evaluating the potential contributions of agroforestry in western Kenya. Agriculture & Food Security, 1(1), p.15.","Journal article","Thorlakson T ; Neufeldt H ; ",2012,"Reducing subsistence farmers' vulnerability to climate change: evaluating the potential contributions of agroforestry in western Kenya.","Agriculture and Food Security",1,"Sustainability Science Program, Harvard University","United States","Comart Foundation and the Harvard University Weatherhead Center","The main purpose of this paper is to see how farmers are reacting to climate change and how agroforestry systems can help farmers adapt to exposure to climate -related hazards","Yes","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Kenya","Nyando District (Nyanza Province)","Tropical","None",119,"households","Ethnicity, market access, land size","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Other","N/A","Household size, head sex, education of household head, land size, Holds title to land","Both","Positive","The findings \nshowed that farmers expressed an interest in improving\ntheir well-being, but with a particular emphasis on the\nneed to reduce vulnerability when exposed to outside\nshocks and stresses. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374322,"NM","2019-04-16","Thorlakson, T. and Neufeldt, H., 2012. Reducing subsistence farmers’ vulnerability to climate change: evaluating the potential contributions of agroforestry in western Kenya. Agriculture & Food Security, 1(1), p.15.","Journal article","Thorlakson T ; Neufeldt H ; ",2012,"Reducing subsistence farmers' vulnerability to climate change: evaluating the potential contributions of agroforestry in western Kenya.","Agriculture and Food Security",1,"Sustainability Science Program, Harvard University","United States","Comart Foundation and the Harvard University Weatherhead Center","The main purpose of this paper is to see how farmers are reacting to climate change and how agroforestry systems can help farmers adapt to exposure to climate -related hazards","Yes","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Kenya","Nyando District (Nyanza Province)","Tropical","None",119,"households","Ethnicity, market access, land size","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Household size, head sex, education of household head, land size, Holds title to land","Both","Positive","The findings \nshowed that farmers expressed an interest in improving\ntheir well-being, but with a particular emphasis on the\nneed to reduce vulnerability when exposed to outside\nshocks and stresses. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376269,"NM","2019-04-16","Torrico, J.C. and Janssens, M., 2009. Biomass and Energy Assessment of Different Natural and Agricultural Systems in Brazil. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 74(1), pp.7-12.","Journal article","Torrico J C; Janssens M ; ",2009,"Biomass and energy assessment of different natural and agricultural systems in Brazil.","Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus (Poljoprivredna Znanstvena Smotra)",74,"University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Institute for Technology in the Tropics","Germany","N/A","Th e main objective of the present study is to compare natural\nwith agricultural systems through common energy and\ncarbon indicators. For each of the natural and agricultural\nsystems, the carbon sequestration capacity will be calculated\nas well as the energy ratio, the energy production, the energy\nconsumption, and the energy accumulation.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","municipality of Teresópolis - Rio de Janeiro","Tropical","None",6,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Above ground dry matter stock and yearly phytomass production of different farm systems ","Quantitative","Mixed","The agr iculture in the region is characterized by intensive,\nsmall (less than one ha) but oft en irrigated horticultural\nproduction systems.Soil erosion has also taken into affect into the study ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376269,"NM","2019-04-16","Torrico, J.C. and Janssens, M., 2009. Biomass and Energy Assessment of Different Natural and Agricultural Systems in Brazil. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 74(1), pp.7-12.","Journal article","Torrico J C; Janssens M ; ",2009,"Biomass and energy assessment of different natural and agricultural systems in Brazil.","Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus (Poljoprivredna Znanstvena Smotra)",74,"University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Institute for Technology in the Tropics","Germany","N/A","Th e main objective of the present study is to compare natural\nwith agricultural systems through common energy and\ncarbon indicators. For each of the natural and agricultural\nsystems, the carbon sequestration capacity will be calculated\nas well as the energy ratio, the energy production, the energy\nconsumption, and the energy accumulation.","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Brazil","municipality of Teresópolis - Rio de Janeiro","Tropical","None",6,"plots","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Above ground dry matter stock and yearly phytomass production of different farm systems ","Quantitative","Mixed","The agr iculture in the region is characterized by intensive,\nsmall (less than one ha) but oft en irrigated horticultural\nproduction systems.Soil erosion has also taken into affect into the study ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243814,"NM","2019-04-17","Tian, G., Salako, F.K. and Ishida, F., 2001. Replenishment of C, N, and P in a degraded alfisol under humid tropical conditions: effect of fallow species and litter polyphenols. Soil Science, 166(9), pp.614-621.","Journal article","Tian G Salako, FK Ishida, F; ",2001,"Replenishment of C, N, and P in a degraded alfisol under humid tropical conditions: Effect of fallow species and litter polyphenols","SOIL SCIENCE",166,"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture","England","N/A","The study was seeking to test the C, N, and P replenishment in the degraded soil differs among the fallow species and that polyphenols in organic materials encourage soil organic\nmatter formation. it was also looking to do so by comparing SOC, N, and P in a degraded Alfisol that received litterfall from fallow species with contrasting levels of extractable polyphenols for 7 years.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Nigeria","International Institute of Tropi- cal Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria ","Tropical","None",15,"(herbaceous, shrub, and woody) species","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","grain yield, fresh tuber yield, available phosporous, soil nitrogen stock, siol organic stock,  ","Quantitative","Mixed","All fallow plots contained generally higher amounts of SOC than the continuous cropping, although the differences were signifi- cant only for Senna and Leucaena fallow","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243814,"NM","2019-04-17","Tian, G., Salako, F.K. and Ishida, F., 2001. Replenishment of C, N, and P in a degraded alfisol under humid tropical conditions: effect of fallow species and litter polyphenols. Soil Science, 166(9), pp.614-621.","Journal article","Tian G Salako, FK Ishida, F; ",2001,"Replenishment of C, N, and P in a degraded alfisol under humid tropical conditions: Effect of fallow species and litter polyphenols","SOIL SCIENCE",166,"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture","England","N/A","The study was seeking to test the C, N, and P replenishment in the degraded soil differs among the fallow species and that polyphenols in organic materials encourage soil organic\nmatter formation. it was also looking to do so by comparing SOC, N, and P in a degraded Alfisol that received litterfall from fallow species with contrasting levels of extractable polyphenols for 7 years.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","International Institute of Tropi- cal Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria ","Tropical","None",15,"(herbaceous, shrub, and woody) species","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","grain yield, fresh tuber yield, available phosporous, soil nitrogen stock, siol organic stock,  ","Quantitative","Mixed","All fallow plots contained generally higher amounts of SOC than the continuous cropping, although the differences were signifi- cant only for Senna and Leucaena fallow","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243814,"NM","2019-04-17","Tian, G., Salako, F.K. and Ishida, F., 2001. Replenishment of C, N, and P in a degraded alfisol under humid tropical conditions: effect of fallow species and litter polyphenols. Soil Science, 166(9), pp.614-621.","Journal article","Tian G Salako, FK Ishida, F; ",2001,"Replenishment of C, N, and P in a degraded alfisol under humid tropical conditions: Effect of fallow species and litter polyphenols","SOIL SCIENCE",166,"International Institute of Tropical Agriculture","England","N/A","The study was seeking to test the C, N, and P replenishment in the degraded soil differs among the fallow species and that polyphenols in organic materials encourage soil organic\nmatter formation. it was also looking to do so by comparing SOC, N, and P in a degraded Alfisol that received litterfall from fallow species with contrasting levels of extractable polyphenols for 7 years.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Woody hedgerows for browse, green manure, soil conservation","Nigeria","International Institute of Tropi- cal Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria ","Tropical","None",15,"(herbaceous, shrub, and woody) species","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","grain yield, fresh tuber yield, available phosporous, soil nitrogen stock, siol organic stock,  ","Quantitative","Mixed","All fallow plots contained generally higher amounts of SOC than the continuous cropping, although the differences were signifi- cant only for Senna and Leucaena fallow","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375318,"NM","2019-04-17","Tonucci, R.G., Nair, P.K., Nair, V.D., Garcia, R. and Bernardino, F.S., 2011. Soil carbon storage in silvopasture and related land-use systems in the Brazilian Cerrado. Journal of environmental quality, 40(3), pp.833-841.","Journal article","Tonucci R G; Nair P K. R; Nair V D; Garcia R ; Bernardino F S; ",2011,"Soil carbon storage in silvopasture and related land-use systems in the Brazilian Cerrado.","Journal of Environmental Quality",40,"Animal Science Dep., Federal Univ. of Viçosa, P.H. Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil","Brazil","FAPEMIG (Fundação\nde Amparo à Pesqueisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brazil), and CAPES\n(Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil)","The objective of the study was to\ndetermine the extent of soil carbon storage in various aggregate\nsize fractions at diff erent depths under eucalyptus-based silvopastoral\nsystems in comparison with sole stands of eucalyptus,\nopen pasture as well as a native forest","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Not specified","Brazil","the municipality of Paracatu, Minas\nGerais, Brazil","Tropical","None",6,"Land-use system ","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","SOC\nin whole soil, macrosized, microsized, and silt + clay–sized\nfractions.","Quantitative","Mixed","While determinations of C\nin a soil give an indication of its current status of C stock, that\nalone may not give much insight into the long-term C sequestration\npotential of the soil and the LUS it supports.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375639,"NM","2019-04-17","Torrico, J.C. and Janssens, M.J., 2010. Rapid assessment methods of resilience for natural and agricultural systems. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 82(4), pp.1095-1105.","Journal article","Torrico J C; Janssens M J. J; ",2010,"Rapid Assessment Methods of resilience for natural and agricultural systems.","Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias",82,"University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Institute for Technology in the Tropics, Betzdorferstr ","Germany","N/A","The study wanted to address two things that being eco-volume is an\neffective and important parameter to measure the ecological\nfunction and the quality of natural systems, and\ntheir interactions with agricultural systems. The second thing being eco-volume\nmakes possible to measure resilience of agricultural\nand natural systems, as well as comparisons between\nboth systems","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","Brazil","municipality of Teresópolis, in the mountainous\nregion of the Atlantic Forest","Tropical","None",6,"land cover","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Resilience, richness, eco-volume efficiency (Ve), yield expressed\nin dry matter (ton DM), or energy (MJ)","Both","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375639,"NM","2019-04-17","Torrico, J.C. and Janssens, M.J., 2010. Rapid assessment methods of resilience for natural and agricultural systems. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 82(4), pp.1095-1105.","Journal article","Torrico J C; Janssens M J. J; ",2010,"Rapid Assessment Methods of resilience for natural and agricultural systems.","Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias",82,"University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Institute for Technology in the Tropics, Betzdorferstr ","Germany","N/A","The study wanted to address two things that being eco-volume is an\neffective and important parameter to measure the ecological\nfunction and the quality of natural systems, and\ntheir interactions with agricultural systems. The second thing being eco-volume\nmakes possible to measure resilience of agricultural\nand natural systems, as well as comparisons between\nboth systems","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Brazil","municipality of Teresópolis, in the mountainous\nregion of the Atlantic Forest","Tropical","None",6,"land cover","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Resilience, richness, eco-volume efficiency (Ve), yield expressed\nin dry matter (ton DM), or energy (MJ)","Both","Mixed","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372477,"NM","2019-04-17","Tremblay, S., Lucotte, M., Revéret, J.P., Davidson, R., Mertens, F., Passos, C.J.S. and Romana, C.A., 2015. Agroforestry systems as a profitable alternative to slash and burn practices in small-scale agriculture of the Brazilian Amazon. Agroforestry Systems, 89(2), pp.193-204.","Journal article","Tremblay S ; Lucotte M ; Reveret J P; Davidson R ; Mertens F ; Passos C J. S; Romana C A; ",2015,"Agroforestry systems as a profitable alternative to slash and burn practices in small-scale agriculture of the Brazilian Amazon.","Agroforestry Systems",89,"PUniversité du Québec À Montréal ","Canada","N/A","The main objective of this study’s economic\nanalysis is to determine whether small-scale agroforestry\nsystems can serve as a model for other farmers\nand communities in the region. It is also comparing other agroforestry practices to the traditional slash and burn in income or profitability. ","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","municipality of Aveiro, in the midregion\nof the Rio Tapajo´s in the state of Para´, Brazil","Tropical","None",17,"tree species ","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","Plantations","Material, fertilizer, Hardware, total cost of materials, labor, and total cost of labor","Both","Positive","The resultshows a positive NPV for certain\ncrops that are grown using slash-and-burn techniques\n(beans, cassava and rice), the NPVs calculated for the\ntwo agroforestry systems suggest a higher added\nvalue, this indistinctly for the HO or the MO.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375148,"NM","2019-04-18","Triadiati, S., Tjitrosemito, E., Guhardja, E., Sudarsono, H., Qayim, I. and Leuschner, C., 2011. Litterfall production and leaf-litter decomposition at natural forest and cacao agroforestry in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Asian Journal of biological sciences, 4(3), pp.221-234.","Journal article","Triadiati  ; Tjitrosemito S ; Guhardja E ; Sudarsono  ; Qayim I ; Leuschner C ; ",2011,"Litterfall production and leaf-litter decomposition at natural forest and cacao agroforestry in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.","Asian Journal of Biological Sciences",4,"N/A","Indonesia","German Research Foundation (DFG) and the","The objective of the study is to see if the litterfall production in relation to\r land use types and season. To investigate the leaf-litter decomposition associated with land use\rtypes. Lastly to see the nitrogen and carbon released during leaf-litter decomposition in the land\ruse types.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi","Tropical","None",3,"landuse types","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","Carbon and nitrogen realeased, mass remaining, temperature, air humidity, windspeed, precipitation, Litter, litterfall","Quantitative","Mixed","The annual litterfall and the release of carbon and nitrogen varied significantly throughout landuse type. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379191,"NM","2019-04-18","Tripathi, G. and Sharma, B.M., 2005. Impact of land use practices on faunal abundance, nutrient dynamics and biochemical properties of desert pedoecosystem. Environmental technology, 26(11), pp.1205-1216.","Journal article","Tripathi G ; Sharma B M; ",2005,"Impact of land use practices on faunal abundance, nutrient dynamics and biochemical properties of desert pedoecosystem.","Environmental Technology",26,"Department of Zoology, J.N.V. University","India","Indian Council of\nAgricultural Research (ICAR)","The specific objective was to analyze\nland use system-dependent changes in densities of different\ngroups of soil fauna (Acari, Myriapoda, Coleoptera,\nCollembola, other arthropods, total fauna), soil nutrients\n(NO3-N, NH4-N, PO4-P) and biochemical characteristics (soil\nrespiration and dehydrogenase activity) of desert\npedoecosystem.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Bilara\nvillage of Bilara Tehsil of Jodhpur district","Tropical","None",5,"sites of different tree/plant species","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","ph, moisture, temperature, organic carbon, respiration, dh activity, ","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936196,"NM","2019-04-18","Tu, J., Wang, B., McGrouther, K., Wang, H., Ma, T., Qiao, J. and Wu, L., 2017. Soil quality assessment under different Paulownia fortunei plantations in mid-subtropical China. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 17(9), pp.2371-2382.","Journal article","Tu J ; Wang BP ; McGrouther K ; Wang HL ; Ma TL ; Qiao J ; Wu LC ; ",2017,"Soil quality assessment under different Paulownia fortunei plantations in mid-subtropical China","JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS",17,"Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of EducationCentral South University of Forestry and Technology","China","National Science\nand Technology Support Project of China,\nthe Central Government Forestry S & T Achievement Extension Project of\nChina, and the National Agricultural Science and\nTechnology Achievements Transformation Project of China. ","The purpose of the study was to identify a minimum data set for Soil quality assessment\nin P. fortunei plantations; compute a Soil quality index parameter,\nand a suitable way of classifying and grading each plantation;\nand investigate the effect of different stand types\non potential Soil quality","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Central south Hunan","Sub-tropical","None",8,"P. fortunei plantations","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","total nitrogen, available phosphorus, area, age, stem density, \nand soil organic matter tree height, ph of water, total nitrogen","Quantitative","Positive","The soil qulaity was able grew well in the deeper soil and the moderate slope characteristics of first calss soils.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32378724,"NM","2019-04-19","Tiku N E, Agbogo E A, and Mbu J E. (2006). Analysis of economic benefits of rural communities' participation in sustainable agroforestry practices in central cross River State.. Journal of Agriculture, and Forestry and Social Sciences, 4(2), pp..","Journal article","Tiku N E; Agbogo E A; Mbu J E; ",2006,"Analysis of economic benefits of rural communities' participation in sustainable agroforestry practices in central cross River State.","Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Social Sciences",4,"Department Agriculture, Economics and exension, Cross River  University of Technology","Nigeria","N/A","The point of this study was to see the economic benefits of rural communities to determine the extent of involvement of rural communities in agroforestry. It is also to see the economic returns to land participating in agroforestry ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Nigeria","Etung, Ikom and Bokal local government areas or Cross River State","Tropical","None",12,"villages","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","total revenue in the production of cocoa, plantain banana, and palm oil, cost of production, ","Both","Positive","Based of the analysis people are better off when participating in agroforestry practices than people who are just cropping","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939259,"NM","2019-04-19","Tylianakis, J.M., Klein, A.M. and Tscharntke, T., 2005. Spatiotemporal variation in the diversity of Hymenoptera across a tropical habitat gradient. Ecology, 86(12), pp.3296-3302.","Journal article","Tylianakis JM ; Klein AM ; Tscharntke T ; ",2005,"Spatiotemporal variation in the diversity of hymenoptera across a tropical habitat gradient","ECOLOGY",86,"Agroecology, Georg-August-University","Germany","Federal Ministry of Education\nand Research, Germany","The study looks if the partitioned biodiversity in the region show\ntemporal variation, and is this variation consistent\nacross habitats. If the different habitat types show\ncomplementarity in partitioned biodiversity. Is there\na seasonal shift of species between habitats, and\nare there significant differences in the specific species\ncomposition of each habitat, such that species may be\nspecific to just one type. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ecuador","province of Manabi","Tropical","None",5,"habitat plots","Seasons","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Habitat abundance, richness, diversity, ","Quantitative","Mixed","some of the habitat systems did not maintain high species richness than with other managed crops, but there was considerable\noverlap in community composition between habitats,\nrather than high complementarity. Season had a strong effect on species richness, and contributed to results by identifying high species turnover which without recognizing would have given different results.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938753,"NM","2019-04-22","Uezu, A., Beyer, D.D. and Metzger, J.P., 2008. Can agroforest woodlots work as stepping stones for birds in the Atlantic forest region?. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17(8), pp.1907-1922.","Journal article","Uezu A ; Beyer DD ; Metzger JP ; ",2008,"Can agroforest woodlots work as stepping stones for birds in the Atlantic forest region?","BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION",17,"Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São Paulo","Brazil","FAPESP (The State of São Paulo Research Foundation) and the Idea Wild and Association of Field Ornithologists.","The study was to evaluate the eVects of these agroforest woodlots on the\ncomposition, abundance, and richness of the avifauna, over two diVerent scales. Also, at the same scale, they compared the birdspecies composition in different landscape elements: the matrix of pasture, the agroforestwoodlots, and other potential connection elements. Lastly, they saw if there were any connections from the sampling points to the bird species","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","Brazilian Atlantic Forest region","Tropical","None",90,"landscape area sample points","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Species composition and species, landscape elements, ","Quantitative","Mixed","Several factors may explain why we could not verify any eVect of the agroforest woodlots\nat this wider scale.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936491,"NM","2019-04-22","Utomo, B., Prawoto, A.A., Bonnet, S., Bangviwat, A. and Gheewala, S.H., 2016. Environmental performance of cocoa production from monoculture and agroforestry systems in Indonesia. Journal of Cleaner Production, 134, pp.583-591.","Journal article","Utomo B ; Prawoto AA ; Bonnet S ; Bangviwat A ; Gheewala SH ; ",2016,"Environmental performance of cocoa production from monoculture and agroforestry systems in Indonesia","JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION",134,"The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","Thailand","King Mongkut's University of Technology\nThonburi","This research aims at evaluating environmental\nperformance of cocoa production from cocoa monoculture and\ncocoa-agroforestry systems in order to promote sustainable agricultural\npractices in cocoa cultivation.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Kali Kempit\ndistrict","Tropical","None",5,"plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil organic matter (SOM) as indicator for life support\nfunction (LSF), soil organic (OC) and soil\nmicrobes","Quantitative","Positive","The results\nof the study showed that cocoaecoconut agroforestry system had\nbetter environmental performance than other cocoa monoculture\nand cocoaerubber agroforestry systems in all categories of environmental\nimpact analyzed under this study. On the contrary,\ncocoaerubber agroforestry has relatively the same values as the\ncocoa monoculture and","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936491,"NM","2019-04-22","Utomo, B., Prawoto, A.A., Bonnet, S., Bangviwat, A. and Gheewala, S.H., 2016. Environmental performance of cocoa production from monoculture and agroforestry systems in Indonesia. Journal of Cleaner Production, 134, pp.583-591.","Journal article","Utomo B ; Prawoto AA ; Bonnet S ; Bangviwat A ; Gheewala SH ; ",2016,"Environmental performance of cocoa production from monoculture and agroforestry systems in Indonesia","JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION",134,"The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","Thailand","King Mongkut's University of Technology\nThonburi","This research aims at evaluating environmental\nperformance of cocoa production from cocoa monoculture and\ncocoa-agroforestry systems in order to promote sustainable agricultural\npractices in cocoa cultivation.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Alley cropping","Indonesia","Kali Kempit\ndistrict","Tropical","None",5,"plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil organic matter (SOM) as indicator for life support\nfunction (LSF), soil organic (OC) and soil\nmicrobes","Quantitative","Positive","The results\nof the study showed that cocoaecoconut agroforestry system had\nbetter environmental performance than other cocoa monoculture\nand cocoaerubber agroforestry systems in all categories of environmental\nimpact analyzed under this study. On the contrary,\ncocoaerubber agroforestry has relatively the same values as the\ncocoa monoculture and","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375832,"NM","2019-04-23","Tripathi, K.P. and Bajrang, S., 2010. Impact of different forest plantations and cropping systems on reclamation of sodic soils. Indian Journal of Forestry, 33(2), pp.135-142.","Journal article","Tripathi K P; Bajrang Singh ; ",2010,"Impact of different forest plantations and cropping systems on reclamation of sodic soils.","Indian Journal of Forestry",33,"Restoration Ecology Division, National Botanic Research Institute","India","N/A","The research in this study is looking at different land use types and the results of the soil over time. This was done while applying different organic ammendments and noting their soil yield for productivity ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Varanasi, Jaunpur, Azamgarh, Sultanpur, Pratapgarh, Rae Bareli, Unnao, Allahabad, Fatepur, Kanpur,Etah,Ethawah, Mainpuri, HArdoi, and Aligarh","Tropical","None",4,"land plantations","Time (years)","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil pH, EC (dSm^-1), organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, mineralised nitrogen, C/N, ESP, CEC, Total Phosphorous, Exchangeable Potassium, exchangeable calcium, Exchangable Sodium, MBC (mg kg^-1), MBN (mg kg^-1), MBP (mg kg -1)","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on variable","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375832,"NM","2019-04-23","Tripathi, K.P. and Bajrang, S., 2010. Impact of different forest plantations and cropping systems on reclamation of sodic soils. Indian Journal of Forestry, 33(2), pp.135-142.","Journal article","Tripathi K P; Bajrang Singh ; ",2010,"Impact of different forest plantations and cropping systems on reclamation of sodic soils.","Indian Journal of Forestry",33,"Restoration Ecology Division, National Botanic Research Institute","India","N/A","The research in this study is looking at different land use types and the results of the soil over time. This was done while applying different organic ammendments and noting their soil yield for productivity ","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","India","Varanasi, Jaunpur, Azamgarh, Sultanpur, Pratapgarh, Rae Bareli, Unnao, Allahabad, Fatepur, Kanpur,Etah,Ethawah, Mainpuri, HArdoi, and Aligarh","Tropical","None",4,"land plantations","Time (years)","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil pH, EC (dSm^-1), organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, mineralised nitrogen, C/N, ESP, CEC, Total Phosphorous, Exchangeable Potassium, exchangeable calcium, Exchangable Sodium, MBC (mg kg^-1), MBN (mg kg^-1), MBP (mg kg -1)","Quantitative","Mixed","dependent on variable","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937689,"NM","2019-04-23","Sircely, J. and Naeem, S., 2012. Biodiversity and ecosystem multi-functionality: observed relationships in smallholder fallows in Western Kenya. PloS one, 7(11), p.e50152.","Journal article","Sircely J ; Naeem S ; ",2012,"Biodiversity and Ecosystem Multi-Functionality: Observed Relationships in Smallholder Fallows in Western Kenya","PLOS ONE",7,"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University","United States","N/A","The study examined whether plant diversity improves the capacity of agroecosystems to sustain multiple\necosystem services—production of wood and forage, and two elements of soil formation—in two types of smallholder\nfallows. There was grazed and improved fallows that were looked at.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Kenya","Sauri MVP site in Siaya District","Tropical","None",39,"fallows","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","plant diversity variable (functional\ndiversity, species richness) and each environmental variable (soil\ncarbon, grazing intensity","Quantitative","Neutral","mean percentage excess cannot, by\ndefinition, differ on average among fallow types. Only one\nimproved fallow sustained more than two functions above 75%\nof maxima.\nGrazed fallows had substantially higher plant diversity than\nimproved fallows, both in terms of the species richness","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937689,"NM","2019-04-23","Sircely, J. and Naeem, S., 2012. Biodiversity and ecosystem multi-functionality: observed relationships in smallholder fallows in Western Kenya. PloS one, 7(11), p.e50152.","Journal article","Sircely J ; Naeem S ; ",2012,"Biodiversity and Ecosystem Multi-Functionality: Observed Relationships in Smallholder Fallows in Western Kenya","PLOS ONE",7,"Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University","United States","N/A","The study examined whether plant diversity improves the capacity of agroecosystems to sustain multiple\necosystem services—production of wood and forage, and two elements of soil formation—in two types of smallholder\nfallows. There was grazed and improved fallows that were looked at.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Woody hedgerows for browse, green manure, soil conservation","Kenya","Sauri MVP site in Siaya District","Tropical","None",39,"fallows","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","plant diversity variable (functional\ndiversity, species richness) and each environmental variable (soil\ncarbon, grazing intensity","Quantitative","Neutral","mean percentage excess cannot, by\ndefinition, differ on average among fallow types. Only one\nimproved fallow sustained more than two functions above 75%\nof maxima.\nGrazed fallows had substantially higher plant diversity than\nimproved fallows, both in terms of the species richness","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377881,"NM","2019-04-26","Siregar, U.J., Rachmi, A., Massijaya, M.Y., Ishibashi, N. and Ando, K., 2007. Economic analysis of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) community forest plantation, a fast growing species in East Java, Indonesia. Forest Policy and Economics, 9(7), pp.822-829.","Journal article","Siregar U J; Rachmi A ; Massijaya M Y; Ishibashi N ; Ando K ; ",2007,"Economic analysis of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) community forest plantation, a fast growing species in East Java, Indonesia.","Forest Policy and Economics",9,"Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University","Indonesia","FORDA-JICA Project on Carbon Fixing Forest Management","The objective of this paper is to examine sengon\ncommunity forests in Kediri, East Java, using a simple\neconomic analysis that consists of NPV and benefit–\ncost ratio, in order to find out some reasons for its\nsustainability, as opposed to the failure of most community\nforestry outside Java.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","3 sub-districts, namely Pandantoyo, Manggis\nand Jatirejo","Tropical","None",5,"type of mixed plantion","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","Mixed plantation, PV cost, PV income,  NPV, B/C ratio","Both","Positive","it is always profitable because all you need is a small investment","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938879,"NM","2019-04-26","Snelder, D.J., 2008. Smallholder tree growing in Philippine back yards: homegarden characteristics in different environmental settings. In Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services (pp. 37-74). Springer Netherlands.","Book chapter","Snelder DJ ; ",2008,"Smallholder Tree Growing in Philippine Back Yards: Homegarden Characteristics in Different Environmental Settings","SMALLHOLDER TREE GROWING FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES: LESSONS FROM ASIA",5,"Department of Environment and Development, Institute of Environmental Sciences","Netherlands","N/A","The objective of this study is to explore and explain, in terms of biophysical and\nsocio-economic characteristics, the dynamics and diversity among homegardens in\nthe Cagayan Valley.","No","Enhancing access to tree germplasm","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Indonesia","Cagayan Valley in Northeast Luzon.","Tropical","None",57,"home gardens ","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","species richness","Quantitative","Neutral","As people move to a more populated area there is less tendency to bring livestock to help with the home gardens","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374849,"NM","2019-05-01","Somboonsuke, B., Wetayaprasit, P., Chernchom, P. and Pacheerat, K., 2011. Diversification of smallholding rubber agroforestry system (SRAS) Thailand. Kasetsart Journal (Soc. Sci), 32, pp.327-339.","Journal article","Somboonsuke B ; Wetayaprasit P ; Chernchom P ; Pacheerat K ; ",2011,"Diversification of smallholding rubber agroforestry system (SRAS) ","Kasetsart Journal, Social Sciences",32,"Department of Agricultural Development, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University","Thailand","N/A","This study is to describe the demographic data,\nmain current agricultural production system, and the\nmajor constraints of three rubber-based farming\nsystems: rubber-food crops, rubber-fruit tree and\nrubber timber species,","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Thailand","South, east, northeast Thailand","Tropical","None",300,"rubber plantations","Labor shortage, Lack of knowledge and skills, Discontinuous extension service and\ninefficient extension plan and policy implication\nabout biodiversity, lack of intergrity among other rubber planters, inneficient plan and policy implication, inefficient marketing,  system, community leaders are less concerned with drainage of biodiversity, age, sex, education (years), farming system experience","Agriculture","Spatial","No","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","higher income due to the income returns ","no. of farm labor, agriculture labor, non-agriculture labor, hired labor, labor wage, total area, agriculture area, farm size","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374849,"NM","2019-05-01","Somboonsuke, B., Wetayaprasit, P., Chernchom, P. and Pacheerat, K., 2011. Diversification of smallholding rubber agroforestry system (SRAS) Thailand. Kasetsart Journal (Soc. Sci), 32, pp.327-339.","Journal article","Somboonsuke B ; Wetayaprasit P ; Chernchom P ; Pacheerat K ; ",2011,"Diversification of smallholding rubber agroforestry system (SRAS) ","Kasetsart Journal, Social Sciences",32,"Department of Agricultural Development, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University","Thailand","N/A","This study is to describe the demographic data,\nmain current agricultural production system, and the\nmajor constraints of three rubber-based farming\nsystems: rubber-food crops, rubber-fruit tree and\nrubber timber species,","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Thailand","South, east, northeast Thailand","Tropical","None",300,"rubber plantations","Labor shortage, Lack of knowledge and skills, Discontinuous extension service and\ninefficient extension plan and policy implication\nabout biodiversity, lack of intergrity among other rubber planters, inneficient plan and policy implication, inefficient marketing,  system, community leaders are less concerned with drainage of biodiversity, age, sex, education (years), farming system experience","Agriculture","Spatial","No","Yes","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","higher income due to the income returns ","no. of farm labor, agriculture labor, non-agriculture labor, hired labor, labor wage, total area, agriculture area, farm size","Quantitative","Neutral","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936281,"NM","2019-05-07","Cuni Sanchez, A. and Lindsell, J.A., 2017. The role of remnant trees in carbon sequestration, vegetation structure and tree diversity of early succession regrowing fallows in eastern Sierra Leone. African Journal of Ecology, 55(2), pp.188-197.","Journal article","Sanchez AC ; Lindsell JA ; ",2017,"The role of remnant trees in carbon sequestration, vegetation structure and tree diversity of early succession regrowing fallows in eastern Sierra Leone","AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY",55,"Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen","Denmark","RSPB","This study looked at many different plots aged 2–10 years with and without\nremnant trees and compared their above-ground carbon\nstocks, vegetation structure (stem density, basal area) and\ntree diversity. This was to see the effect on above-ground carbon stocks.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Sierra Leone","Gola Rainforest National\nPark (GRNP) in eastern Sierra Leone","Tropical","None",99,"plots","fallow age","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","carbon stock","Both","Neutral","fallow age greatest predictor","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936281,"NM","2019-05-07","Cuni Sanchez, A. and Lindsell, J.A., 2017. The role of remnant trees in carbon sequestration, vegetation structure and tree diversity of early succession regrowing fallows in eastern Sierra Leone. African Journal of Ecology, 55(2), pp.188-197.","Journal article","Sanchez AC ; Lindsell JA ; ",2017,"The role of remnant trees in carbon sequestration, vegetation structure and tree diversity of early succession regrowing fallows in eastern Sierra Leone","AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY",55,"Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen","Denmark","RSPB","This study looked at many different plots aged 2–10 years with and without\nremnant trees and compared their above-ground carbon\nstocks, vegetation structure (stem density, basal area) and\ntree diversity. This was to see the effect on above-ground carbon stocks.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Sierra Leone","Gola Rainforest National\nPark (GRNP) in eastern Sierra Leone","Tropical","None",99,"plots","fallow age","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","stem density and basal area","Both","Neutral","fallow age greatest predictor","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936281,"NM","2019-05-07","Cuni Sanchez, A. and Lindsell, J.A., 2017. The role of remnant trees in carbon sequestration, vegetation structure and tree diversity of early succession regrowing fallows in eastern Sierra Leone. African Journal of Ecology, 55(2), pp.188-197.","Journal article","Sanchez AC ; Lindsell JA ; ",2017,"The role of remnant trees in carbon sequestration, vegetation structure and tree diversity of early succession regrowing fallows in eastern Sierra Leone","AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY",55,"Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen","Denmark","RSPB","This study looked at many different plots aged 2–10 years with and without\nremnant trees and compared their above-ground carbon\nstocks, vegetation structure (stem density, basal area) and\ntree diversity. This was to see the effect on above-ground carbon stocks.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","Sierra Leone","Gola Rainforest National\nPark (GRNP) in eastern Sierra Leone","Tropical","None",99,"plots","fallow age","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Species Richness and Shannon index","Both","Positive","Species richness and Shannon indices also increased withfallow age.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372626,"NM","2019-05-07","S?ndoiu, I. and COJOCARIU, L., 2014. THE INFLUENCE OF FRUIT TREES ON THE AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. SPECIES IN THE SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS OF DISADVANTAGED AREAS. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(4), pp.168-173.","Journal article","Sandoiu I ; Cojocariu L ; ",2014,"The influence of fruit trees on the Agrostis capillaris L. species in the silvopastoral systems of disadvantaged areas.","Research Journal of Agricultural Science",46,"Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine","Romania","N/A","The study was made for establishing the behaviour of species Agrostis capillaris L. under the influence of the canopy of fruit trees (apple trees) on the pasture belonging to the village. It was also observed the externalization of some quantitative characteristics of species Agrostis capillaris L. in areas shaded and not shaded by the tree crowns in the pasture under analysis","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Romania","Cara?ova village, in Aninei Mountains","Temperate","None",5,"trees","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shade area, shade area free, height, diameter, number of tillers, ","Quantitative","Neutral","In the relation tree-grass, the available light under the trees is considered the main factor that determines the grass yield under trees. The grass yield can be higher than the yield in an open area.\n","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32372626,"NM","2019-05-07","S?ndoiu, I. and COJOCARIU, L., 2014. THE INFLUENCE OF FRUIT TREES ON THE AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. SPECIES IN THE SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS OF DISADVANTAGED AREAS. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(4), pp.168-173.","Journal article","Sandoiu I ; Cojocariu L ; ",2014,"The influence of fruit trees on the Agrostis capillaris L. species in the silvopastoral systems of disadvantaged areas.","Research Journal of Agricultural Science",46,"Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine","Romania","N/A","The study was made for establishing the behaviour of species Agrostis capillaris L. under the influence of the canopy of fruit trees (apple trees) on the pasture belonging to the village. It was also observed the externalization of some quantitative characteristics of species Agrostis capillaris L. in areas shaded and not shaded by the tree crowns in the pasture under analysis","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Romania","Cara?ova village, in Aninei Mountains","Temperate","None",5,"trees","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Shade area, shade area free, height, diameter, number of tillers, ","Quantitative","Neutral","In the relation tree-grass, the available light under the trees is considered the main factor that determines the grass yield under trees. The grass yield can be higher than the yield in an open area.\n","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936813,"NM","2019-05-08","Worku, M., Lindner, A. and Berger, U., 2015. Management effects on woody species diversity and vegetation structure of coffee-based agroforestry systems in Ethiopia. Small-scale forestry, 14(4), pp.531-551.","Journal article","Worku M ; Lindner A ; Berger U ; ",2015,"Management Effects on Woody Species Diversity and Vegetation Structure of Coffee-based Agroforestry Systems in Ethiopia","SMALL-SCALE FORESTRY",14,"Department of Horticulture and Plant SciencesJimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine","Ethiopia","Technische Universität Dresden","The objective of\nthis study has been to assess and compare the diversity and composition of woody\nspecies, and vegetation structure in Ethiopian CPSs, and thereby to show the\nimpacts of management on ecosystems of a CAFS.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","Ethiopia","Yayu, Berhane-Kontir, Bonga, Gera, Garuke, Feche,\nGumer and Kossa areas","Tropical","None",4,"published studies","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","(number of individual trees and coffee shrubs per hectare, number of tree\nstems at breast height per hectare, diameter at breast height","Quantitative","Uncertain","woody\nspecies diversity decreases sharply with increasing intensity and age of management. The population structures of many species including coffee are modified\nthrough management, and  vegetation structure of the coffee agroforestry system\nbecome simplified over the management gradien","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375389,"NM","2019-05-08","Dian-Ming, W.U., Yuan-Chun, Y.U., Li-Zhong, X.I.A., Shi-Xue, Y.I.N. and Lin-Zhang, Y.A.N.G., 2011. Soil fertility indices of citrus orchard land along topographic gradients in the Three Gorges Area of China. Pedosphere, 21(6), pp.782-792.","Journal article","Wu DianMing ; Yu YuanChun ; Xia LiZhong ; Yin ShiXue ; Yang LinZhang ; ",2011,"Soil fertility indices of citrus orchard land along topographic gradients in the Three Gorges area of China.","Pedosphere",21,"College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University","China","N/A","This study was undertaken\nto compare various protective management practices\non soil fertility along topographic gradients of land\nused for citrus production in the Three Gorges area\nof China","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Zigui County, Hubei\nProvince","Tropical","None",108,"soil samples","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","total nitrogen, phosporus, potassium, available nitrogen, phosporus, potassium","Quantitative","Positive","After 10 years of citrus production, citrus mulched\nwith straw was the most effective approach to improve\nsoil fertility among the five protective management\npractices.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936405,"NM","2019-05-09","Saj, S., Durot, C., Mvondo Sakouma, K., Tayo Gamo, K. and Avana-Tientcheu, M.L., 2017. Contribution of associated trees to long-term species conservation, carbon storage and sustainability: a functional analysis of tree communities in cacao plantations of Central Cameroon. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(3), pp.282-302.","Journal article","Saj S ; Durot C ; Sakouma KM ; Gamo KT ; Avana-Tientcheu ML ; ",2017,"Contribution of associated trees to long-term species conservation, carbon storage and sustainability: a functional analysis of tree communities in cacao plantations of Central Cameroon","INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY",15,"UMR System, Montpellier SupAgro","France","N/A","In this study they investigated different species level along with their C Storage. Then they checked for the contribution made by those species to AFS Storage. Then tried to see the AFS tree species conservation potential and tradeoffs between the C Storage. ","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Cameroon","Bokito, Ngomedzap, and Talba","Tropical","None",118,"AFS Plots","agroforestry site age","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","species richness","Quantitative","Mixed","Of the different plots and sections some seem to have high richness and get positive results with a positive relationship when others did not","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936405,"NM","2019-05-09","Saj, S., Durot, C., Mvondo Sakouma, K., Tayo Gamo, K. and Avana-Tientcheu, M.L., 2017. Contribution of associated trees to long-term species conservation, carbon storage and sustainability: a functional analysis of tree communities in cacao plantations of Central Cameroon. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(3), pp.282-302.","Journal article","Saj S ; Durot C ; Sakouma KM ; Gamo KT ; Avana-Tientcheu ML ; ",2017,"Contribution of associated trees to long-term species conservation, carbon storage and sustainability: a functional analysis of tree communities in cacao plantations of Central Cameroon","INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY",15,"UMR System, Montpellier SupAgro","France","N/A","In this study they investigated different species level along with their C Storage. Then they checked for the contribution made by those species to AFS Storage. Then tried to see the AFS tree species conservation potential and tradeoffs between the C Storage. ","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","Cameroon","Bokito, Ngomedzap, and Talba","Tropical","None",118,"AFS Plots","agroforestry site age","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Materials","N/A","tree density, BA and Biomass","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938098,"NM","2019-05-09","Yadav, R.S., Yadav, B.L., Chhipa, B.R., Dhyani, S.K. and Ram, M., 2011. Soil biological properties under different tree based traditional agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India. Agroforestry systems, 81(3), pp.195-202.","Journal article","Yadav RS ; Yadav BL ; Chhipa BR ; Dhyani SK ; Ram M ; ",2011,"Soil biological properties under different tree based traditional agroforestry systems in a semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",81,"National Research Centre for Agroforestry","India","N/A","the\ninvestigation was undertaken to evaluate\ndifferent MPTs based agroforestry land uses for\nimprovement in soil microbial biomass, nutrient\nfluxes and enzymatic activities at farmers’ field.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","India","Phulera Tehsil, Jaipur","Temperate","None",20,"soil samples","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","the production of\ntriphenyl formazan (TPF), land use, microlab biomass C,N,P (carbon sequestration)","Quantitative","Positive","Microbial biomass plays a key role in the processes\nof soil organic matter dynamics and soil nutrient\navailability in the agricultural ecosystems.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375806,"NM","2019-05-09","Kanime, N., Kaushal, R., Tewari, S.K., Raverkar, K.P., Chaturvedi, S. and Chaturvedi, O.P., 2013. Biomass production and carbon sequestration in different tree-based systems of Central Himalayan Tarai region. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 22(1), pp.38-50.","Journal article","Yadava A K; ",2010,"Biomass production and carbon sequestration in different agroforestry systems in Tarai Region of Central Himalaya.","India Forester",136,"University of Agriculture and TEchnology","India","N/A","The study was looking at biomass, carbon storage and carbon dioxide mitigation potential of plantations of Populus deltoides, Eucalyptus tereticornis, Dalbergia sissoo, Mangifera indica, Litchi chinensis and Prunus salicina were assessed.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","India","Bagawala, Udham Singh Nagar","Sub-tropical","None",4,"Agroforestry Systems ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Carbon Storage","Quantitative","Positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380923,"NM","2019-05-09","Yamada, M. and Gholz, H.L., 2002. An evaluation of agroforestry systems as a rural development option for the Brazilian Amazon. Agroforestry Systems, 55(2), pp.81-87.","Journal article","Yamada M ; Gholz H L; ",2002,"An evaluation of agroforestry systems as a rural development option for the Brazilian Amazon.","Agroforestry Systems",55,"Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science (IEAS)Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","Japan","International Development\nCenter of Japan, the Foundation for Advanced Studies\nof International Development (Japan), the International\nInstitute of Tropical Forestry of the U.S. Forest\nService, the Tropical Conservation and Development\nProgram at the University of Florida, the Florida-Japan\nInstitute, and the National Geographic Society","The study is identifying both economically viable\nand more sustainable development alternatives within the Brazilian state of Pará. There, local farmers of Japanese\ndescent have developed a variety of agroforestry systems in which 10 to 20 hectare (ha) fields yield incomes\ncomparable to 400 to 1,200 ha pastures.","No","None","Yes","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Brazil","The municipality of Tomé-\nAçu","Tropical","None",9,"production systems","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","annual per hectere, annual gross, net income, area field","Quantitative","Negative","There was low income returns on most of the 9 production systems even with its different intercropping of different species. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32380923,"NM","2019-05-09","Yamada, M. and Gholz, H.L., 2002. An evaluation of agroforestry systems as a rural development option for the Brazilian Amazon. Agroforestry Systems, 55(2), pp.81-87.","Journal article","Yamada M ; Gholz H L; ",2002,"An evaluation of agroforestry systems as a rural development option for the Brazilian Amazon.","Agroforestry Systems",55,"Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science (IEAS)Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","Japan","International Development\nCenter of Japan, the Foundation for Advanced Studies\nof International Development (Japan), the International\nInstitute of Tropical Forestry of the U.S. Forest\nService, the Tropical Conservation and Development\nProgram at the University of Florida, the Florida-Japan\nInstitute, and the National Geographic Society","The study is identifying both economically viable\nand more sustainable development alternatives within the Brazilian state of Pará. There, local farmers of Japanese\ndescent have developed a variety of agroforestry systems in which 10 to 20 hectare (ha) fields yield incomes\ncomparable to 400 to 1,200 ha pastures.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Brazil","The municipality of Tomé-\nAçu","Tropical","None",9,"production systems","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","annual per hectere, annual gross, net income, area field","Quantitative","Negative","There was low income returns on most of the 9 production systems even with its different intercropping of different species. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938967,"NM","2019-05-09","Yamamoto, W., Ap Dewi, I. and Ibrahim, M., 2007. Effects of silvopastoral areas on milk production at dual-purpose cattle farms at the semi-humid old agricultural frontier in central Nicaragua. Agricultural Systems, 94(2), pp.368-375.","Journal article","Yamamoto W ; Ap Dewi I; Ibrahim M ; ",2007,"Effects of silvopastoral areas on milk production at dual-purpose cattle farms at the semi-humid old agricultural frontier in central Nicaragua","AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS",94,"CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center)","Costa Rica","CATIE and NITLAPAN under the scheme of\nGlobal Environment Facility (GEF) of the World Bank","The aim of the study was to quantify the effects of silvopastoral\nareas on production at dual-purpose cattle farms in the semi-humid lowlands of central Nicaragua. The objective\rof this paper is to quantify the effects of silvopastoral\rareas on milk production in dual-purpose cattle production\rsystems.","No","None","No","Agrosilvopastoral","Integrated production of animals, crops, and wood","Costa Rica","Matiguas Municipality\nin the Matagalpa Department","Tropical","None",130,"farms","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Nutrition","N/A","number of cattle (particularly lactating\ncows), (2) types of cattle (breeds, health condition,\netc.), (3) feed, and (4) management","Quantitative","Positive","The regression analysis for saleable milk production\nwith initial variables showed the positive effects of the four\nland use parameters","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32377585,"NM","2019-05-18","Harmand, J.M., Hergoualc'h, K., Miguel, S.D., Dzib, B., Siles, P. and Vaast, P., 2007. Carbon sequestration in coffee agroforestry plantations of Central America. In 21st International Conference on Coffee Science, Montpellier, France, 11-15 September, 2006 (pp. 1071-1074). Association Scientifique Internationale du Café (ASIC).","Book chapter","Harmand J M; Hergoualc'h K ; Miguel S de; Dzib B ; Siles P ; Vaast P ; ",2007,"Carbon sequestration in coffee agroforestry plantations of Central America.","21st International Conference on Coffee Science, Montpellier, France, 11-15 September, 2006","N/A","Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ","France","European Commission and the Science and Cultural Cooperation Centre of the French\nembassy in Costa Rica","This stude presents some results from research undertaken during the last five years on the\npotential of shade trees introduced in coffee plantations in Central America\nto increase plant biomass and litter, and hence C sequestration. The work focused on\ngathering data from selected coffee systems (with or without shade trees) used as long term\nexperiments and inventories of tree cover in coffee farms of Costa Rica. ","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Costa Rica","La Suiza  Barba de Heredia in the Central Valley","Tropical","None",2,"Agroforestry Systems ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","carbon in aerial phytomass","Quantitative","Positive","AGF system showed the interest of coffee AGF management for global warming\nmitigation. For approximately a ten year period, results from our experiments and published\nliterature showed that the conversion of coffee monoculture to AGF system resulted in an\nadditional mean annual increment in aerial phytomass varying from 1 t C ha–1 y–1 in the case\nof regulated shading by E. poeppigiana, to (1.7-3.1) C ha–1 y–1 in the case of shade timber tree\ndepending on tree species and their planting density.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936387,"NM","2019-05-18","Hartel, T., Réti, K.O. and Craioveanu, C., 2017. Valuing scattered trees from wood-pastures by farmers in a traditional rural region of Eastern Europe. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 236, pp.304-311.","Journal article","Hartel T ; Reti KO ; Craioveanu C ; ",2017,"Valuing scattered trees from wood-pastures by farmers in a traditional rural region of Eastern Europe","AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT",236,"Ecosystem Services Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences","Romania","Alexander von Humboldt foundation (2012-2013) and the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 613520 ","The study was aiming to explore the values associated with scattered, mature trees with intact crown on oak dominated wood-pastures as perceived by the farmers. It was also to explore the values associated with large, old oak trees with intact trunk and crown from wood-pastures, and to explore the perceptions of farmers related to the old trees which collapsed on pastures.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Trees/shrubs on pasture","Romania","Saxon cultural region of Southern Transylvania ","Multiple","None",22,"Interviewees","Contradictions on translation","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Cultural - Interactions with environmental settings","N/A","Tree species on pasture, mature scattered trees on pasture, The use of leaves and acorn as nutrient source for livestock, large and old oaks, collapsed trees on pasture","Qualitative","Neutral","There was many metions on the different use of trees but ‘Shadow for livestock’ was the most commonly cited role for scattered mature trees on the pastures. There was also many mentions on the variables that were measured. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375935,"NM","2019-05-21","Xu, Q., Wang, T., Li, Z., Cai, C., Shi, Z. and Jiang, C., 2010. Effect of soil conservation measurements on runoff, erosion and plant production: a case study on steeplands from the Three Gorges Area, China. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 8(3/4 part 2), pp.980-984.","Journal article","Xu QinXue ; Wang TianWei ; Li ZhaoXia ; Cai ChongFa ; Shi ZhiHua ; Jiang Chen ; ",2010,"Effect of soil conservation measurements on runoff, erosion and plant production: a case study on steeplands from the Three Gorges Area, China.","Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment",8,"Key Lab of Subtropical Agriculture & Environment of Ministry of Agriculture","China","Major state basi research development program of the people's republic of China & The National Natural Science Foundation of China","The aim of the study was to was to find a new concept of the influence or terracing and contour hedgerows conservation techniques on runoff, erosion, and plant production under natural rainfall.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","China","Wangjiaqiao, Zigui county, Hubei Province","Multiple","None",7,"Plots","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Mediation of flows","N/A","Year, rainfall amount, soil erosion rate, soil loss","Both","Positive","Throughou the years the erosion rate and the runoff compared to the rainfall was decreasing over time and was effective over time. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375942,"NM","2019-05-21","You, W.Z., Zeng, D.H., Liu, M.G., Yun, L.L., Ye, Y.H. and Zhang, Y., 2010. Spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture in three types of agroforestry boundaries in the Loess Plateau, China. Journal of Forestry Research, 21(4), pp.415-422.","Journal article","You WenZhong ; Zeng DeHui ; Liu MingGuo ; Yun LiLi ; Ye YanHui ; Zhang Yong ; ",2010,"Spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture in three types of agroforestry boundaries in the Loess Plateau, China.","Journal of Forestry Research",21,"Liaoning Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences","China","N/A","In this study, they examined soil moisture\ncontent within three agroforestry landscape boundaries to analyze analyze\nthe spatial and temporal characteristics of soil moisture, and\nto determine the DEI of soil moisture.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","China","Mafang Forestry Center, Yongshou,\nShannxi Province","Temperate","None",3,"Agroforestry Systems ","sampling time","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Aspect, Slope,  Age, Density, DBH, Average height, Canopy density, soil moisture content","Both","Mixed","Soil moisture in three types of agroforestry landscape boundaries\nhad similar characteristics in the vertical distribution within. Among the three boundaries, soil moisture at 0–110 cm depth\nof forest-grassland landscape boundary was the highest in dry\nseason (June), while there was no difference in soil moisture\nbetween the forest-cropland and shelterbelt-cropland landscape\nboundaries","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32375942,"NM","2019-05-21","You, W.Z., Zeng, D.H., Liu, M.G., Yun, L.L., Ye, Y.H. and Zhang, Y., 2010. Spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture in three types of agroforestry boundaries in the Loess Plateau, China. Journal of Forestry Research, 21(4), pp.415-422.","Journal article","You WenZhong ; Zeng DeHui ; Liu MingGuo ; Yun LiLi ; Ye YanHui ; Zhang Yong ; ",2010,"Spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture in three types of agroforestry boundaries in the Loess Plateau, China.","Journal of Forestry Research",21,"Liaoning Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences","China","N/A","In this study, they examined soil moisture\ncontent within three agroforestry landscape boundaries to analyze analyze\nthe spatial and temporal characteristics of soil moisture, and\nto determine the DEI of soil moisture.","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","China","Mafang Forestry Center, Yongshou,\nShannxi Province","Temperate","None",3,"Agroforestry Systems ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Provisioning - Energy","N/A","Aspect, Slope,  Age, Density, DBH, Average height, Canopy density","Both","Mixed","Soil moisture in three types of agroforestry landscape boundaries\nhad similar characteristics in the vertical distribution within. Among the three boundaries, soil moisture at 0–110 cm depth\nof forest-grassland landscape boundary was the highest in dry\nseason (June), while there was no difference in soil moisture\nbetween the forest-cropland and shelterbelt-cropland landscape\nboundaries","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936971,"NM","2019-05-21","Zake, J., Pietsch, S.A., Friedel, J.K. and Zechmeister?Boltenstern, S., 2015. Can agroforestry improve soil fertility and carbon storage in smallholder banana farming systems?. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 178(2), pp.237-249.","Journal article","Zake J ; Pietsch SA ; Friedel JK ; Zechmeister-Boltenstern S ; ",2015,"Can agroforestry improve soil fertility and carbon storage in smallholder banana farming systems?","JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE",178,"Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna;","Austria","Austrian Partnership\nProgramme in Higher Education and Research for Development\n(APPEAR)","In this study they evaluated the soil fertility status and C pools\nof smallholder BM and BCA farming systems in Central Uganda\namidst climate variability impacts. Specifically, soil physical\nproperties and the chemical\nproperties","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Uganda","Mpigi district. 2 sub counties: Nkozi and Kituntu","Temperate","None",20,"Farms","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","total SOM, total soil C, total N, plant-available\nP, exchangeable K, pH, and texture","Quantitative","Mixed","Each variable corresponded differently on each sample. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936677,"NM","2019-05-22","Zheng, X., Zhu, J. and Xing, Z., 2016. Assessment of the effects of shelterbelts on crop yields at the regional scale in Northeast China. Agricultural Systems, 143, pp.49-60.","Journal article","Zheng X ; Zhu JJ ; Xing ZF ; ",2016,"Assessment of the effects of shelterbelts on crop yields at the regional scale in Northeast China","Agricultural Systems",143,"Key Laboratory for Management of No-commercial Forests","China","The National Nature Science\nFoundation of China (31400614), the Youth Innovation Promotion\nAssociation of Chinese Academyof Sciences (2015155) and the Institute\nof Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (TSS2015-0102).","The purpose of this study is to describe crop\npotential productivity using multi-sensor remote sensing data. Also, it wans to\nestimate crop yield with a sufficient level of accuracy and reliability in\nNortheast China, and to propose a new methodology to quantify the\nlevel of protection provided to farmland by shelterbelts at the regional\nscale. Finally it also wants to assess the effects of shelterbelts on crop yields at the\nregional scale across a climatic potential crop productivity gradient.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","China","Four provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin,\nLiaoning and Inner Mongolia ","Temperate","None",58,"Plots","Seasons","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","Maize yields, Stand age, height, average level of protection, average annual GPP, harvest index, biomass","Both","Mixed","In the different climatic potential productivity zones, the positive effects\nof the shelterbelts on the crop yields were found to differ.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939604,"NM","2019-05-23","Zhang, H. and Shao, X., 2003. Improving agroforestry in sandy subhumid northwestern Shandong, China. Land degradation & development, 14(4), pp.421-429.","Journal article","Zhang H ; Shao X ; ",2003,"Improving agroforestry in sandy subhumid northwestern Shandong, China","LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT",14,"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","China","N/A","The study was to increase profitability and optimize wind erosion prevention, by changing the proportions of forest and cropland and applying various intercropping systems. The project emphasizes an integrated approach with full cooperation of the\nfarmers.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Shelterbelts","China"," Gaotang County in the northwestern region of Shandong Province","Temperate","None",5,"Type of land use","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","Conditions of land use, number of trees per ha, years, profits from crops, timber, ","Both","Mixed","There are different variables that vary for the profitability and the different management practices to increase profitability and sustainability. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32379957,"NM","2019-05-24","Yang JingCheng, Huang JianHui, Pan QingMin, Tang JianWei, and Han XingGuo. (2004). Long-term impacts of land-use change on dynamics of tropical soil carbon and nitrogen pools.. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 16(2), pp..","Journal article","Yang JingCheng ; Huang JianHui ; Pan QingMin ; Tang JianWei ; Han XingGuo ; ",2004,"Long-term impacts of land-use change on dynamics of tropical soil carbon and nitrogen pools.","Journal of Environmental Sciences",16,"Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences","China","N/A","The objective of the study was to determine concentrations and pools of SOC and different forms of soil nitrogen under different land use patterns. This was to see the different effect of land-use change on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. It was also looked into the different dynamics between soil carbon and nitrogen after the land-use change","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","China","Xishuangbanna & Guanlei","Tropical","None",5,"Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Land-use type, bulk density, soil organic carbon, total soil nitrogen, ration of SOC to TSN","Quantitative","Mixed","On some of the plantions were either higher or lower on soil pH than the secondary plantations. This also went for the other varibales measured.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374338,"NM","2019-05-24","Yun, L., Bi, H., Gao, L., Zhu, Q., Ma, W., Cui, Z. and Wilcox, B.P., 2012. Soil moisture and soil nutrient content in walnut-crop intercropping systems in the Loess Plateau of China. Arid land research and management, 26(4), pp.285-296.","Journal article","Yun Lei ; Bi HuaXing ; Gao LuBo ; Zhu QingKe ; Ma WenJing ; Cui ZheWei ; Wilcox B P; ",2012,"Soil moisture and soil nutrient content in walnut-crop intercropping systems in the Loess Plateau of China.","Arid Land Research and Management",26,"College of water and soil conservation","China","Central Universities Fund for\nScientific Research and Action (HJ2010-24), the National Scientific and Technology Program\nof China (No.2011BAD38B02)","The objectives of the study were to quantitatively\ninvestigate competitions of soil moisture and nutrients at tree-crop interface, so\nas to enrich the field of interspecies relationship. Also, to identify ways to minimize the\ncompetition between trees and crops and maximize resource utilization, and to\nimprove the management theories of agroforestry in this region.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Jixian county & Shanxi province","Multiple","None",5,"Sampling locations","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","total nitrogen, available phosphorus, vertical gradient of organic matter, available potassium, soil moisture content","Quantitative","Mixed","Positive for soil nutrients, negative for soil moisture content","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374338,"NM","2019-05-24","Yun, L., Bi, H., Gao, L., Zhu, Q., Ma, W., Cui, Z. and Wilcox, B.P., 2012. Soil moisture and soil nutrient content in walnut-crop intercropping systems in the Loess Plateau of China. Arid land research and management, 26(4), pp.285-296.","Journal article","Yun Lei ; Bi HuaXing ; Gao LuBo ; Zhu QingKe ; Ma WenJing ; Cui ZheWei ; Wilcox B P; ",2012,"Soil moisture and soil nutrient content in walnut-crop intercropping systems in the Loess Plateau of China.","Arid Land Research and Management",26,"College of water and soil conservation","China","Central Universities Fund for\nScientific Research and Action (HJ2010-24), the National Scientific and Technology Program\nof China (No.2011BAD38B02)","The objectives of the study were to quantitatively\ninvestigate competitions of soil moisture and nutrients at tree-crop interface, so\nas to enrich the field of interspecies relationship. Also, to identify ways to minimize the\ncompetition between trees and crops and maximize resource utilization, and to\nimprove the management theories of agroforestry in this region.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Jixian county & Shanxi province","Multiple","None",5,"Sampling locations","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","crop yield","Quantitative","mixed","positive for peanut and soybean, nuetral for walnut, ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374338,"NM","2019-05-24","Yun, L., Bi, H., Gao, L., Zhu, Q., Ma, W., Cui, Z. and Wilcox, B.P., 2012. Soil moisture and soil nutrient content in walnut-crop intercropping systems in the Loess Plateau of China. Arid land research and management, 26(4), pp.285-296.","Journal article","Yun Lei ; Bi HuaXing ; Gao LuBo ; Zhu QingKe ; Ma WenJing ; Cui ZheWei ; Wilcox B P; ",2012,"Soil moisture and soil nutrient content in walnut-crop intercropping systems in the Loess Plateau of China.","Arid Land Research and Management",26,"College of water and soil conservation","China","Central Universities Fund for\nScientific Research and Action (HJ2010-24), the National Scientific and Technology Program\nof China (No.2011BAD38B02)","The objectives of the study were to quantitatively\ninvestigate competitions of soil moisture and nutrients at tree-crop interface, so\nas to enrich the field of interspecies relationship. Also, to identify ways to minimize the\ncompetition between trees and crops and maximize resource utilization, and to\nimprove the management theories of agroforestry in this region.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","China","Jixian county & Shanxi province","Multiple","None",5,"Sampling locations","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Profitability","N/A","crop yield, local crop prices","Quantitative","positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243928,"NM","2019-05-25","Viswanath, S., Nair, P.K.R., Kaushik, P.K. and Prakasam, U., 2000. Acacia nilotica trees in rice fields: A traditional agroforestry system in central India. Agroforestry systems, 50(2), pp.157-177.","Journal article","Viswanath S Nair, PKR Kaushik, PK Prakasam, U; ",2000,"Acacia nilotica trees in rice fields: A traditional agroforestry system in central India","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",50,"Agroforestry DivisionTropical Forest Research Institute","India","World-\nBank supported ‘Forestry Research, Education and Extension’ Project of the\nIndian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh,\nIndia.","The overall objective,\nthis paper presents a farming-system analysis to describe the structure\nand functioning of the A. nilotica-based agroforestry system, and examines\nthe close relationship that exists between the tree, agricultural crop, and\ndomestic animals in local farming practices. With these observations it was also looked to see income base on these type of systems based on each observation","No","None","Yes","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated in crop fields","India","Khamariya, Champa, Mungeli and Ratanpur in Bilaspur district of\nChhattisgarh region.","Multiple","None",25,"Villages","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","size of holding, number of babul trees and trees other than babul, percentage\nof unirrigated land in the total holding, average yield per ha of rice\n– the major crop, distance to nearest market, annual non-farm income, and\nfamily size.","Quantitative","Mixed","Depending on which farms had more or less of Babul trees resulted with higher or less returns which generated to income. With the other observations made also varied within farmland","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32243928,"NM","2019-05-25","Viswanath, S., Nair, P.K.R., Kaushik, P.K. and Prakasam, U., 2000. Acacia nilotica trees in rice fields: A traditional agroforestry system in central India. Agroforestry systems, 50(2), pp.157-177.","Journal article","Viswanath S Nair, PKR Kaushik, PK Prakasam, U; ",2000,"Acacia nilotica trees in rice fields: A traditional agroforestry system in central India","AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS",50,"Agroforestry DivisionTropical Forest Research Institute","India","World-\nBank supported ‘Forestry Research, Education and Extension’ Project of the\nIndian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehra Dun, Uttar Pradesh,\nIndia.","The overall objective,\nthis paper presents a farming-system analysis to describe the structure\nand functioning of the A. nilotica-based agroforestry system, and examines\nthe close relationship that exists between the tree, agricultural crop, and\ndomestic animals in local farming practices. With these observations it was also looked to see income base on these type of systems based on each observation","No","None","Yes","Silvopastoral","Integrated production of animals and wood","India","Khamariya, Champa, Mungeli and Ratanpur in Bilaspur district of\nChhattisgarh region.","Multiple","None",25,"Villages","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Human well-being","Income and household expenditure","N/A","size of holding, number of babul trees and trees other than babul, percentage\nof unirrigated land in the total holding, average yield per ha of rice\n– the major crop, distance to nearest market, annual non-farm income, and\nfamily size.","Quantitative","Mixed","Depending on which farms had more or less of Babul trees resulted with higher or less returns which generated to income. With the other observations made also varied within farmland","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939627,"NM","2019-05-25","Zhijun, W. and Young, S.S., 2003. Differences in bird diversity between two swidden agricultural sites in mountainous terrain, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. Biological Conservation, 110(2), pp.231-243.","Journal article","Wang ZJ ; Young SS ; ",2003,"Differences in bird diversity between two swidden agricultural sites in mountainous terrain, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China","BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION",110,"Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences","China","Natural Science\nFoundation of Yunnan Province (No. C0082M)."," This study looks at the bird diversity of the two regions and tries to take\ninto account how humans can extract economic benefits while preserving ecological benefits, such as a landscape that allows biodiversity\nto thrive. One of the regions is doing a traditional swidden management scheme while the other is in transition to a more sedentary style of agricultire","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Improved or rotational fallow","China","southern Yunnan","Multiple","None",2,"Study areas ","N/A","Primary forest","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","bird richness and diversity","Both","Neutral","The forest type with the greatest differences in richness\nand diversity between the Mengsong and Jinuo\nsites was the economic forest, with the Mengsong site\nhaving a greater richness and diversity.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936191,"NM","2019-05-25","Wang, J., Ren, C., Cheng, H., Zou, Y., Bughio, M.A. and Li, Q., 2017. Conversion of rainforest into agroforestry and monoculture plantation in China: Consequences for soil phosphorus forms and microbial community. Science of the Total Environment, 595, pp.769-778.","Journal article","Wang JC ; Ren CQ ; Cheng HT ; Zou YK ; Bughio MA ; Li QF ; ",2017,"Conversion of rainforest into agroforestry andmonoculture plantation in China: Consequences for soil phosphorus forms and microbial community","SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT",595,"Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences","China","National Natural Science Foundation\nof China (31640014), Central Public-interest Scientific Institution\nBasal Research Fund for Innovative Research Team Program of CATAS\n(NO. 17CXTD-04), the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province\n(317235) and the Fundamental Research Funds for Environment and\nPlant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences\n(NO. 2015hzs1J012).","The objective of the study was to determine the effects of forest conversion\ninto rubber-based systems on soil P stock and fractions. It was also looking to\ntest whether forest conversion alter the composition of soil microbial\ncommunities. Ultimately it wanted to to provide some\nsuggestions for rubber plantation nutrient management, especially P\nfertilization.","No","None","No","Agroforestry (general)","Not specified","China","Hainan province","Multiple","None",12,"Study Plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil moisture content, Soil microbial biomass P and acid phosphatase, microbial biomass","Quantitative","Mixed","Of the selected soil physicochemical characteristics, soil total nitrogen\n and moisture content were not affected by forest conversion.Whereas, the soil exchangeable potassiumcontentwas significantly\nhigher in natural forest than inmature rubber and agroforestry\nsystems, while there was no significant difference from\nbetween young rubber and NF.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31938318,"NM","2019-05-29","Wanger, T.C., Iskandar, D.T., Motzke, I., Brook, B.W., Sodhi, N.S., Clough, Y. and Tscharntke, T., 2010. Effects of Land?Use Change on Community Composition of Tropical Amphibians and Reptiles in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Conservation Biology, 24(3), pp.795-802.","Journal article","Wanger TC ; Iskandar DT; Motzke I ; Brook BW ; Sodhi NS ; Clough Y ; Tscharntke T ; ",2010,"Effects of Land-Use Change on Community Composition of Tropical Amphibians and Reptiles in Sulawesi, Indonesia","CONSERVATION BIOLOGY",24,"Environment Institute and School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide","Australia","Endeavour International Post Graduate Research scholarship and a University of Adelaide Scholarship","The study determines the pattern in amphibian and reptile species richness, abundance, and community composition across land use modification gradient in Indonesia","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Indonesia","Village of Toro in the Kulawi valley","Tropical","None",31,"Plots","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Amphibian and reptile species richness and species abundance","Quantitative","Neutral","Our results show that amphibians in Sulawesi were more strongly affected by land-use changes than reptiles. Am- phibian species richness and abundance declined as disturbance increased from pristine forest to open ar- eas.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32374910,"NM","2019-05-30","Suryanto, P., Hamzah, M.Z., Mohamed, A. and Alias, M.A., 2011. Silviculture Agroforestry Regime: Compatible Management in Southern Gunung Merapi National Park, Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Biology, 3(2), p.115.","Journal article","Suryanto P ; Hamzah M Z; Mohamed A ; Alias M A; ",2011,"Silviculture agroforestry regime: compatible management in southern Gunung Merapi National Park, Java, Indonesia.","International Journal of Biology",3,"ulty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University,","Indonesia","N/A","This study was\naimed at arranging silviculture agroforestry regime model based on the synergized intensive agroforestry outside\nthe national park that is compatible with the forest rehabilitation and renewal zoning system in GMNP.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Tree gardens","Indonesia","Kaliadem and Jambu Villages, and Cangkringan","Tropical","None",51,"Respondents","N/A","Multiple","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","ratio grass productivity at private land with grass necessity, grass productivity at private\nland, tree volume, grass percentage, grass productivity, grass\nnecessity and the ratio for the land productivity-grass necessity","Both","Mixed","Silviculture Agroforestry Regime (SAR) was designed to increase the productivity of agroforestry to be\ncompatible with forest rehabilitation and renewal of zoning system at GMNP. This design is simultaneously\ndone between intensive agroforestry and management of GMNP. So some of the results vary.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937221,"NM","2019-05-30","Tadesse, G., Zavaleta, E., Shennan, C. and FitzSimmons, M., 2014. Prospects for forest-based ecosystem services in forest-coffee mosaics as forest loss continues in southwestern Ethiopia. Applied Geography, 50, pp.144-151.","Journal article","Tadesse G ; Zavaleta E ; Shennan C ; FitzSimmons M ; ",2014,"Prospects for forest-based ecosystem services in forest-coffee mosaics as forest loss continues in southwestern Ethiopia","APPLIED GEOGRAPHY",50,"University of California, Department of Environmental Studies","United States","Christensen Fund (Grant reference # 2010-\n5908018) and Center for Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems\n(CASFS-UCSC)","This study examines the potentials and limitations\nof coffee agroforests in sustaining forest-based ecosystem\nservices in southwest Ethiopia.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ethiopia","Yeki and Decha district","Tropical","None","114 (20m\nby 20 m) plots in 16 forests fragments and 79 (20 m by 20 m) plots\nin small-scale coffee agroforests and plantations","Plots and Plantations","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Cultural - Interactions with environmental settings","N/A","abundance of ecosystem services or their providers,\nmainly for wild/semi-wild coffee, spices, construction lianas, honeybee\nhives in the forests and coffee agroforests.","Both","Negative","Coffee farms sustained about 40% of the main marketed forest- based ecosystem services, 67% of provisioning and <50% of cultural and regulating services found in forest fragments. ","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32371761,"NM","2019-06-06","Tegha, K.C. and Sendze, Y.G., 2016. Soil organic carbon stocks in Mount Cameroon National Park under different land uses. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, 8(3), pp.20-30.","Journal article","Tegha K C; Sendze Y G; ",2016,"Soil organic carbon stocks in Mount Cameroon National Park under different land uses.","Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environmental",8,"Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Buea","Cameroon","N/A","This\nstudy objective is to determine a baseline for SOC\nunder different land use typesc(under rubber, virgin forest reserve, oil palm,\rcassava, mixed cropping, tea, maize, banana and sugar cane) in the southern parts of the\nMCNP, and to calculate CO2 equivalents of SOC in each\nof these land use types. The working hypothesis is that\nchanging from forest land use to cultivated agricultural\nland uses leads to significant changes in SOC.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Cameroon","Mt. Cameroon","Multiple","None",9,"Land use types","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","pH, bulk density\n(BD), cation exchange capacity (CEC), weatherable elemental ions\n(Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, K+, Na+, etc.), available P, total N and SOC\ncontent","Quantitative","Mixed","Particle size analysis revealed variability in the textural\nproperties in the soils of the land use types.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31937151,"NM","2019-06-06","Theobald, T.F., Mussgnug, F. and Becker, M., 2014. Live fences–a hidden resource of soil fertility in West Kenya. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 177(5), pp.758-765.","Journal article","Theobald TFH ; Mussgnug F ; Becker M ; ",2014,"Live fences - a hidden resource of soil fertility in West Kenya","JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE",177,"Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering","Germany","N/A","The study is observing  that the areas covered by live fences represent not only an important land\nresource, but are also largely untapped sites characterized by high soil fertility in an otherwise\nlargely degraded environment.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Living fences and shelterbelts","Kenya","Kakamega District in the Western\nProvince of Kenya.","Sub-tropical","None",24,"farms","N/A","Agriculture","spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","Soil pH, liability index, C stocks, bulk density, ","Quantitative","Neutral","The productivity of fence line soils appears\nto be related to both the quantity and the quality of the\nsoil organic matter.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32392625,"NM","2019-06-07","Tiruneh Asaye, Z., 2017. Effects of scattered Acacia tortilis (Forssk) hayne on soil properties in different land uses in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 36(2), pp.164-176.","Journal article","Tiruneh Asaye ; Zeleke  ; ",2017,"Effects of scattered Acacia tortilis (Forssk) hayne on soil properties in different land uses in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia","Journal of sustainable forestry.",36,"Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center,","Ethiopia","Oromia Agricultural Research Institute through Adami Tulu Research Center","The aim of the study was to determine the effects of A.\ntortilis on soil fertility variations along a gradient from the tree base\nto open area in different land use types so as to assess the species’ potential and suitability for use in Parkland agroforestry\rsystems..","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","Ethiopia","Central\nRift Valley areas of Oromia National Regional State","Tropical","None",3,"landuse types","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil texture, soil moisture %, soil pH, group relative density and frequency, organic matter, soil temperature at soil depth, available nitrogen, soil water content, ","Quantitative","Mixed","Soil pH varied among the soils of different land use types. At 0.5 m distance from the base\nof the tree, soil pH was slightly lower in croplands (7.25) and controlled grazing lands\n(6.66) than the communal open grazing lands (7.38)","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[32376439,"NM","2019-06-07","Tripathi, G., Ram, S., Sharma, B.M. and Singh, G., 2009. Fauna-associated changes in soil biochemical properties beneath isolated trees in a desert pastureland of India and their importance in soil restoration. The Environmentalist, 29(3), pp.318-329.","Journal article","Tripathi G ; Ram S ; Sharma B M; Singh G ; ",2009,"Fauna-associated changes in soil biochemical properties beneath isolated trees in a desert pastureland of India and their importance in soil restoration.","Enviromentalist",29,"Department of ZoologyJai Narayan Vyas University","India","AP Cess Fund Research\nProject","The objective of this study was to analyze functional\nrelationship between belowground faunal resources and\nsoil biochemical properties, specifically, how do enzyme\nactivities and soil respiration differ between the soils of\ntree species associated with grasses? Enhancing productivity\nof pastureland in dry areas is the ultimate goal.","No","None","No","Silvopastoral","Multipurpose fodder trees or shrubs around farmlands","India","Village of Artia Kala","Sub-tropical","None",72,"plots within 6 different treatments ","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil temperature, soil water content, soil organic matter, soil respiration, fauna population, soil dehydrogenase activity","Quantitative","Mixed","Populations of various major\ngroups of soil arthropods depended upon the quality of\nfood resources available in the silvipastoral systems.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936782,"NM","2019-06-07","Tully, K.L., Wood, S.A., Almaraz, M., Neill, C. and Palm, C., 2015. The effect of mineral and organic nutrient input on yields and nitrogen balances in western Kenya. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 214, pp.10-20.\n","Journal article","Tully KL ; Wood SA ; Almaraz M ; Neill C ; Palm C ; ",2015,"The effect of mineral and organic nutrient input on yields and nitrogen balances in western Kenya","AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT",214,"Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture","United States","Earth Institute at Columbia\nUniversity Cross-Cutting Initiative Grant, a National Science\nFoundation PIRE grant (IIA-0968211), and by the Bill and Melinda\nGates Foundation","The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of farm\nmanagement practices (e.g., fertilizer and legume rotations) on\ngrain yields and nitrogen balances in smallholder maize farms in\nEast Africa. To test these hypotheses, we surveyed farmers participating in\nthe Sauri Millennium Village Project, where agroforestry and\nrotational legume technology and trainings have been promoted\nsince the early 1990s and where fertilizer subsidy programs were\npromoted from 2005 to 2008.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Kenya","the Sauri village\ncluster of the Millennium Village Project (MVP) in Yala Division,\nSiaya District, Nyanza Province","Sub-tropical","None",24,"Maize farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Agricultural productivity","Productivity (yield)","N/A","yield","Quantitative","positive","N/A","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31936782,"NM","2019-06-07","Tully, K.L., Wood, S.A., Almaraz, M., Neill, C. and Palm, C., 2015. The effect of mineral and organic nutrient input on yields and nitrogen balances in western Kenya. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 214, pp.10-20.\n","Journal article","Tully KL ; Wood SA ; Almaraz M ; Neill C ; Palm C ; ",2015,"The effect of mineral and organic nutrient input on yields and nitrogen balances in western Kenya","AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT",214,"Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture","United States","Earth Institute at Columbia\nUniversity Cross-Cutting Initiative Grant, a National Science\nFoundation PIRE grant (IIA-0968211), and by the Bill and Melinda\nGates Foundation","The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of farm\nmanagement practices (e.g., fertilizer and legume rotations) on\ngrain yields and nitrogen balances in smallholder maize farms in\nEast Africa. To test these hypotheses, we surveyed farmers participating in\nthe Sauri Millennium Village Project, where agroforestry and\nrotational legume technology and trainings have been promoted\nsince the early 1990s and where fertilizer subsidy programs were\npromoted from 2005 to 2008.","No","Farmer capacity development","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Kenya","the Sauri village\ncluster of the Millennium Village Project (MVP) in Yala Division,\nSiaya District, Nyanza Province","Sub-tropical","None",24,"Maize farms","N/A","Agriculture","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","soil properties\n(WHC, pH, % clay, bulk density) and soil nutrients (% C and % N)","Quantitative","Uncertain","The\nresults demonstrate a great deal of variation in inputs and outputs\nwithin farms from year to year, and that a snapshot approach may not adequately capture the inter-annual variability in N dynamics\nin smallholder farming systems.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]
[31939158,"NM","2019-06-08","Tylianakis, J.M., Klein, A.M., Lozada, T. and Tscharntke, T., 2006. Spatial scale of observation affects ?, ? and ? diversity of cavity?nesting bees and wasps across a tropical land?use gradient. Journal of Biogeography, 33(7), pp.1295-1304.","Journal article","Tylianakis JM ; Klein AM ; Lozada T ; Tscharntke T ; ",2006,"Spatial scale of observation affects alpha, beta and gamma diversity of cavity-nesting bees and wasps across a tropical land-use gradient","JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY",33,"Agroecology, Georg-August-University,","Germany","Federal Ministry of Education and\nResearch","The study aimed to determine whether land-use intensity negatively\naffects species richness of cavity-nesting Hymenoptera. It wanted to see the beta diversity, both\nwithin and between plots, is higher in more natural systems, and if the species richness\nof flowering herbs correlates positively with species richness of Hymenoptera\nwithin and across habitats. Also, it wanted to determine the richness of cavity-nesting Hymenoptera in highly\nmodified habitats declines with increasing distance from natural or semi-natural\nhabitats, and the effects of land use, herb diversity and forest distance on\nHymenoptera alpha and beta diversity vary at different spatial scales. With that it wanted to see the bees and\nwasps respond to land use in a similar way.","No","None","No","Agrisilvicultural ","Trees integrated with plantation crops","Ecuador","Manabi","Tropical","None",48,"plots","N/A","Secondary forest/plantation","Spatial","No","No","No","No","Ecosystem services","Reg & Main - Physical, chemical, biological cond.","N/A","species rihness per trap & plot of bees and wasps ","Quantitative","Neutral","The effects of land use on species richness were highly\ndependent on spatial scale. Subplot-scale analyses showed that rice and pasture\ncontained the highest species diversity, whereas plot-scale analyses showed no\nsignificant difference in the diversity of different land-use types.","No","N/A","Not applicable","Not applicable"]