MarchioroMatteoFaccoliMassimoDal CortivoMarialuisaBrancoManuelaRoquesAlainGarciaAndréRuzzierEnricoNew species and new records of exotic Scolytinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in EuropeBiodivers Data J211020221010.3897/BDJ.10.e93995 8CD7E56C-62E0-5741-ABAB-DFF3B70B7555 Cnestus mutilatus https://www.gbif.org/species/6132425 (Blandford, 1894)Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: C. Bellò, M. Attorino; individualCount: 2; sex: females; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 6FD1A1F1-FA44-5C1A-97AF-BED03D0743E6; Taxon: scientificName: Cnestusmutilatus (Blandford, 1894); Location: continent: Europe; country: Italy; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: Veneto; county: Treviso; municipality: Maser; locality: strada per Forcella Moscaccin; decimalLatitude: 45.813500; decimalLongitude: 11.970306; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Enrico Ruzzier; Event: eventTime: 2022-02-03; Record Level: collectionID: CBPC

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: M. Marchioro; individualCount: 2; sex: females; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: FAB6D080-EA94-535C-BBFF-04FCEA3B4024; Taxon: scientificName: Cnestusmutilatus (Blandford, 1894); Location: continent: Europe; country: Italy; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: Veneto; county: Treviso; municipality: Nervesa della Battaglia; locality: bosco del Montello; decimalLatitude: 45.829772; decimalLongitude: 12.171981; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Enrico Ruzzier; Event: eventTime: 2021-08-15; Record Level: collectionID: EDUP

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: M. Marchioro; individualCount: 2; sex: females; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 73D8A4F2-4D98-57B8-9A40-D16F7C9DB7AA; Taxon: scientificName: Cnestusmutilatus (Blandford, 1894); Location: continent: Europe; country: Italy; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: Veneto; county: Treviso; municipality: Nervesa della Battaglia; locality: bosco del Montello; decimalLatitude: 45.813500; decimalLongitude: 11.970306; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Enrico Ruzzier; Event: eventTime: 2021-08-15; Record Level: collectionID: EDUP

Distribution

This species, native to the Oriental and Eastern Palearctic Regions, is now introduced and established in North America (Gomez et al. 2018, Smith et al. 2020). Cnestusmutilatus has been recently recorded in Europe (Italy) on the basis of a single specimen collected in NE Italy (Colombari et al. 2022). The discovery of the species in two sites located at about 20 km from the record mentioned above clearly indicates its establishment in the Veneto Region (NE Italy)(Fig. 2)

Notes

Cnestusmutilatus from Maser (“strada per forcella Moscaccin”, Treviso -Italy) was collected by sifting forest litter under Quercus sp. during wintertime (Fig. 9). The other specimens were collected during a survey conducted in Veneto Region using black multi-funnel traps baited with ethanol and alpha-pinene.

Hosts

For C.mutilatus, more than forty host plant species have been recorded, mostly belonging to Fabaceae (5 species), Fagaceae (4 species), Lauraceae (7 species) and Sapindaceae (5 species) (Wood and Bright 1992, Mandelshtam et al. 2018, Smith et al. 2020). Amongst the reported host plants, some are also present in Europe and have economic significance (i.e. Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae), Morusalba L. (Moraceae), Prunusserotina Ehrh (Rosaceae) and Vitisrotundifolia Michx. (Vitaceae)) (Mandelshtam et al. 2018, Smith et al. 2020, Ruzzier et al. 2021b).

Identification remarks

The haplotype network indicates the Eastern Palaearctic origin of the C.mutilatus Italian population; in particular, the 100% identity between the Italian GBMNF53732-22, sequenced by Colombari et al. (2022) and GBMNB27741-2, sequenced by Cognato et al. (2020), indicates Shanghai (China) as the possible point of origin (Fig. 10).

56FCB7A3-9FEE-5957-950D-52157117C40A10.3897/BDJ.10.e93995.figure2

Distribution records of non-native scolytine species in Italy: Cnestusmutilatus (Blandford, 1894) [light green]; Dryoxylononoharaense (Murayama, 1934) [dark green]; Phloeotribusliminaris (Harris, 1852) [red]; Xyleborinusattenuatus (Blandford, 1894) [purple].

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/744494871350E8-A6B1-5E34-829E-627FAE8170AB10.3897/BDJ.10.e93995.figure9

Cnestusmutilatus collected in Maser (February 2022), photographed in nature (photocredit: Pietro Berton).

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/72311900FD9646-EAB7-5EB5-A776-8A270967466B10.3897/BDJ.10.e93995.figure10

Haplotype network of Cnestusmutilatus COI sequences available on BOLD Systems; network constructed using the Minimum Spanning Network approach (image credit: Enrico Ruzzier).

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/723574GomezDemian F.RabagliaRobert J.FairbanksKatherine E. O.HulcrJiri2018North American Xyleborini north of Mexico: a review and key to genera and species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)ZooKeys768196810.3897/zookeys.768.24697SmithSarah MBeaverRoger ACognatoAnthony I2020A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China.ZooKeys983144210.3897/zookeys.983.52630ColombariFernandaMartinez‐SañudoIsabelBattistiAndrea2022First report of the alien ambrosia beetle Cnestusmutilatus and further finding of Anisandrusmaiche in the European part of the EPPO region (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini)EPPO Bulletin01510.1111/epp.12840WoodStephen L.BrightDonald E.1992A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2: Taxonomic Index. Volume AGreat Basin Naturalist Memoirs1321833http://zoobank.org/01aee5c0-e0c1-4a0b-84d0-b43dbd1d5812MandelshtamM. Yu.YakushkinE. A.PetrovA. V.2018Oriental ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae): new inhabitants of Primorsky Krai in RussiaRussian Journal of Biological Invasions9435536510.1134/s2075111718040082RuzzierEnricoPrazaruStefan CristianFaccoliMassimoDusoCarlo2021Xylosandrusgermanus (Blandford, 1894) on grapevines in Italy with a compilation of world Scolytine weevils developing on VitaceaeInsects121010.3390/insects12100869CognatoAnthony I.SariGinaSmithSarah M.BeaverRoger A.LiYouHulcrJiriJordalBjarte H.KajimuraHisashiLinChing-ShanPhamThai HongSinghSudhirSittichayaWisut2020The essential role of taxonomic expertise in the creation of DNA databases for the identification and delimitation of Southeast Asian ambrosia beetle species (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini)Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution811710.3389/fevo.2020.00027