Effect of mPFC infusion of AMPA receptor endocytosis blocker Tat-GluR23Y on extinction memory in sham and nVH lesioned animals. A, shows extinction learning curve of rats infused with either scrambled peptide (Scr Pep, 15 pmoles) or Tat-GluR23Y peptide (Tat-Pep, 15 pmoles) bilaterally into infralimbic PFC, 30 minutes before the session (arrow sign). B, Bar diagram of mean (± SEM) freezing response at the last block of 2 trials in the four groups of animals. Lesion-Scr Pep animals show increased freezing compared to sham-Scr Pep (#p<0.001) indicating resistance to extinction. Tat-GluR23Y peptide infusion caused increased freezing in sham animals (*p=0.005 vs sham-Scrambled peptide). However, the Tat-GluR23Y peptide has no significant effect in lesioned animals. C, Freezing responses of the animals during the extinction recall session. D, Mean ± SEM of freezing responses at the last block of 2 tone trials during recall. Lesioned animals with scrambled peptide infusion show impaired recall memory compared to sham animals with scrambled peptide (*, main effect of lesion, p=0.0002). Tat-GluR23Y peptide had no significant effect on extinction recall in sham or nVH lesioned animals.