Table III. Knee and hip pain (VAS) differences at baseline, and changes immediately after, and 12 months after exercise therapy and education between participants with and without comorbidities.
| Baseline VAS Mean mm (95% CI) |
3 mo. VAS Mean mm (95% CI) |
Change 3 mo. VAS Mean mmm (95% CI) |
12 mo. VAS Mean mm (95% CI) |
Change 12 mo. VAS Mean mm (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No comor, n=12,128 | 45.9 (45.5 to 46.3) | 33.2 (32.7 to 33.6) | -12.7 (-13.2 to -12.2) | 32.0 (31.6 to 32.5) | -13.8 (-14.3 to -13.4) |
| Difference at baseline | Difference in change at 3 months | Difference in change at 12 months | |||
| Mean mm (95% CI) |
Unadjusted mean mm (95% CI) |
Adjusted* mean mm (95% CI) |
Unadjusted mean mm (95% CI) | Adjusted* mean mm (95% CI) |
|
| HT, n=5,716 | 2.1 (1.4 to 2.9) | 0.3 (-0.6 to 1.1) | 0.3 (-0.6 to 1.1) | 1.2 (0.3 to 2.1) | 1.3 (0.4 to 2.2) |
| HT + DM, n=729 | 4.5 (2.8 to 6.2) | 1.5 (-0.5 to 3.5) | 1.5 (-0.5 to 3.5) | 2.5 (0.4 to 4.7) | 2.6 (0.4 to 4.8) |
| HT + HD, n=630 | 3.2 (1.4 to 5.0) | -0.0 (-2.1 to 2.1) | 0.0 (-2.1 to 2.1) | 1.2 (-1.2 to 3.6) | 1.2 (-1.2 to 3.6) |
| Resp, n=558 | 2.7 (0.8 to 4.6) | 0.2 (-2.1 to 2.5) | 0.2 (-2.1 to 2.5) | 1.5 (-1.0 to 4.1) | 1.6 (-1.0 to 4.1) |
| HD, n=551 | -0.6 (-2.5 to 1.4) | 3.5 (1.3 to 5.8) | 3.5 (1.3 to 5.8) | 4.0 (1.4 to 6.6) | 4.0 (1.4 to 6.6) |
| Neu, n=508 | 3.9 (1.9 to 5.9) | -1.5 (-3.8 to 0.9) | -1.3 (-3.6 to 1.1) | -0.6 (-3.8 to 0.9) | -0.6 (-3.2 to 2.0) |
| RA, n=501 | 3.5 (1.5 to 5.5) | -1.2 (-3.8 to 1.3) | -1.1 (-3.7 to 1.4) | -0.8 (-3.4 to 1.9) | -0.7 (-3.4 to 2.0) |
| Ulcer, n=447 | 5.7 (3.6 to 7.9) | -1.1 (-3.7 to 1.6) | -1.0 (-3.7 to 1.6) | -0.1 (-3.0 to 2.8) | -0.2 (-3.1 to 2.7) |
| Dep, n=408 | 6.6 (4.4 to 8.9) | 0.4 (-2.5 to 3.2) | 0.3 (-2.5 to 3.2) | 2.7 (-0.8 to 6.2) | 2.7 (-0.8 to 6.2) |
| DM, n=358 | 2.5 (0.2 to 4.9) | 0.3 (-2.5 to 3.2) | 0.3 (-2.5 to 3.2) | -0.6 (-3.9 to 2.8) | -0.5 (-3.9 to 2.8) |
| HT + Resp, n=323 | 3.0 (0.5 to 5.5) | 3.0 (0.0 to 5.9) | 3.0 (0.0 to 5.9) | 0.4 (-3.0 to 3.9) | 0.4 (-3.0 to 3.8) |
| HT + RA, n=275 | 3.9 (1.2 to 6.6) | 1.9 (-1.4 to 5.1) | 1.9 (-1.4 to 5.1) | 2.4 (-1.2 to 6.0) | 2.4 (-1.2 to 6.0) |
| HT + Neu, n=274 | 2.2 (-0.5 to 4.9) | 5.1 (1.8 to 8.4) | 5.0 (1.7 to 8.3) | 7.2 (3.7 to 10.7) | 7.1 (3.6 to 10.6) |
| HT + Ulcer, n=254 | 7.5 (4.7 to 10.3) | -0.5 (-4.0 to 3.0) | -0.3 (-3.8 to 3.3) | 2.7 (-1.1 to 6.6) | 2.9 (-0.9 to 6.8) |
| Cancer, n=234 | 1.4 (-1.5 to 4.3) | 2.5 (-1.1 to 6.0) | 2.5 (-1.1 to 6.0) | 2.9 (-0.8 to 6.7) | 2.9 (-0.8 to 6.7) |
| HT + Dep, n=203 | 7.7 (4.5 to 10.8) | -1.3 (-6.0 to 2.6) | -1.3 (-5.2 to 2.7) | 2.3 (-2.3 to 6.9) | 2.4 (-2.3 to 7.0) |
| HT + Cancer, n=137 | 1.0 (-2.8 to 4.8) | 5.3 (0.8 to 9.9) | 5.4 (0.9 to 10.0) | 0.2 (-4.9 to 5.3) | 0.3 (-4.8 to 5.4) |
| HT + HD + DM, n=117 | 6.6 (2.5 to 10.7) | 0.2 (-5.5 to 5.1) | 0.1 (-5.5 to 5.2) | -1.4 (-8.4 to 5.6) | -1.4 (-8.4 to 5.6) |
| Anemia, n=83 | 2.7 (-2.1 to 7.6) | -1.2 (-7.0 to 4.6) | -1.2 (-7.0 to 4.6) | -2.8 (-9.2 to 3.6) | -2.7 (-9.1 to 3.6) |
| HT + Ren/Liv. n=79 | 2.9 (-2.1 to 7.9) | -0.2 (-6.4 to 5.9) | -0.2 (-6.4 to 5.9) | 3.0 (-3.7 to 9.8) | 3.1 (-3.7 to 9.8) |
| Number of comorbidities | |||||
| 1 comorbidity, n=9,441 | 2.6 (1.9 to 3.2) | 0.2 (-0.5 to 0.0) | 0.2 (-0.5 to 0.9) | 1.1 (0.3 to 1.9) | 1.1 (0.4 to 1.9) |
| 2 comorbidities, n=3,838 | 4.5 (3.7 to 5.4) | 1.4 (0.4 to 2.3) | 1.4 (0.4 to 2.3) | 1.9 (0.9 to 2.9) | 1.9 (0.9 to 2.9) |
| 3 comorbidities, n=1,173 | 7.5 (6.1 to 8.8) | 0.5 (-1.1 to 2.0) | 0.5 (-1.1 to 2.1) | 1.3 (-0.6 to 3.1) | 1.3 (-0.6 to 3.1) |
| ≥4 comorbidities, n=392 | 11.8 (9.5 to 14.1) | 2.6 (-0.2 to 5.4) | 2.7 (-0.1 to 5.5) | 0.3 (-3.1 to 3.7) | 0.3 (-3.1 to 3.8) |
n: Number, CI: Confidence interval. Comor: Comorbidities, HT: Hypertension, DM: Diabetes mellitus 1 and 2, Resp: Respiratory disease, HD: Heart disease, Neu: Neurologic disease, RA: Rheumatoid arthritis, Dep: Depression, Ren/Liv: Renal and/or liver disease.
*
Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, educational level, not born in Denmark, civil status, physical activity, problems in other joints, use of analgesics, and number of bodily pain areas. Estimates in bold reflect statistical significance (p < 0.05).