. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 6.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e2415–e2423. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1141

Table 3. Linear Regression Analysis of Markers of Parasite Biomass Among Patients With Severe Malaria.

			Adjusted Multivariate Linear Regression^a
Marker by Malaria Group	Patients, No.	GM Value (95% CI)	Exponentiated Coefficient (95% CI)	P Value
Parasite density, parasites/μL
UM	198	111 064 (86 798–141 819)	Reference
CM	871	39 046 (33 121–46 030)	0.38 (.26–.56)	<.001
SMA	331	40 901 (32 193–51 964)	0.35 (.24–.52)	<.001
RD	473	57 158 (46 172–70 757)	0.54 (.36–.78)	. 001
Other SM	320	32 587 (24 756–42 896)	0.28 (.19–.43)	<.001
PfHRP2 (ng/ml)
UM	198	842 (655–1084)	Reference
CM	881	1297 (1143–1472)	1.5 (1.1–2.0)	.006
SMA	335	2565 (2137–3078)	3.2 (2.3–4.5)	<.001
RD	477	1728 (1466–2037)	2.1 (1.5–2.8)	<.001
Other SM	330	1026 (829–1270)	1.1 (.9–1.6	.46
Total biomass parasites/child
UM	191	5.2 × 10¹¹ (4.0 × 10¹¹ to 6.8 × 10¹¹)	Reference
CM	876	1.2 × 10¹² (1.0 × 10¹² to 1.4 × 10¹²)	2.2 (1.6–3.0)	<.001
SMA	335	2.3 × 10¹² (1.9 × 10¹² to 2.8 × 10¹²)	4.7 (3.3–6.5)	<.001
RD	473	1.5 × 10¹² (1.3 × 10¹² to 1.8 × 10¹²)	2.9 (2.1–4.1)	<.001
Other SM	328	1.1 × 10¹² (8.5 × 10¹¹ to 1.3 × 10¹²⁾	1.9 (1.3–2.7)	.001
SI
UM	191	4.9 (3.5–6.8)	Reference
CM	875	38.7 (32.6–46.0)	72 (4.8–11.0)	<.001
SMA	335	82.4 (64.5–105)	18.2 (11.8–28.2)	<.001
RD	473	36.1 (28.6–45.5)	74 (4.8–11.2)	<.001
Other SM	327	35.8 (27.4–46.7)	76 (4.9–12.0)	<.001

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CM, cerebral malaria; GM, geometric mean; PfHRP2, Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2; RD, respiratory distress; SI, sequestration index; SM, severe malaria; SMA, severe malarial anemia; UM, uncomplicated malaria.

Linear regression analysis was adjusted for Hemoglobin S genotype (HbS), α-thalassemia genotype, and ethnicity. Values show the exponentiated coefficients of the log₁₀-transformed data.