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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 23.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Aspects Med. 2021 Jul 23;81:101004. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101004

Fig. 4. Mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics and viral infections.

Fig. 4

Viruses act on mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics for driving their replication and for inducing host cell apoptosis which in turn helps in viral exit. For example, HBV, HCV and HEV target mPTP, MCU and VDAC respectively for enhancing their replication. While HIV and PV stimulate VDAC and MCU activity thereby increasing mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration. The rise in mitochondrial Ca2+ levels leads to host cell apoptosis.