Table 1. Clinical characteristics of BOCABS Study participants pre- and post-RYGB and of non-obese Controls.
| Obese pre-RYGB (n=22) | Obese post-RYGB (n=22) | Non-obese Controls (n=20) | P-value; pre-RYGB vs Controls | P-value; pre- vs post-RYGB | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* | 47 (1.2) | - | 46 (2.6) | 0.720 | - |
| Sex N (%) | |||||
| Female | 18 (82) | - | 12 (60) | 0.175† | - |
| Male | 4 (18) | - | 8 (40) | ||
| Smoking N | |||||
| Daily | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0.002 † | <0.001 ‡ |
| Occasional | 0 | 11 | 1 | ||
| Ex-smoker | 11 | 9 | 2 | ||
| Never smoked | 10 | 0 | 12 | ||
| Missing data | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| NSAID Administration N | |||||
| Yes | 10 | 1 | 5 | 0.209† | 0.004 § |
| No | 12 | 21 | 15 | ||
| Cholecystectomy N | |||||
| Yes | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0.665† | - |
| No | 18 | 22 | 18 | ||
| Diabetes Mellitus N | |||||
| Yes | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0.679† | 1.0§ |
| No | 18 | 19 | 9 | ||
| Missing data | 0 | 1 | 11 | ||
| Weight (kg)* | 114.8 (3.7) | 87.7 (3.5) | 71.8 (2.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 41.7 (1.4) | 31.8 (1.1) | 25.4 (0.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Body fat (%)* | 47.6 (1.0) | 36.5 (1.5) | 30.3 (1.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Waist: Hip ratio* | 0.92 (0.0) | 0.87 (0.0) | 0.86 (0.0) | 0.039 | 0.001 |
| Female | 0.89 (0.0) | 0.84 (0.0) | 0.82 (0.0) | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Male | 1.07 (0.0) | 0.99 (0.0) | 0.93 (0.0) | 0.001 | 0.067 |
| FPG (mmol/L)* | 5.8 (0.4) | 4.9 (0.4) | 4.5 (0.1) | 0.003 ¶ | 0.001 ‡ |
| hsCRP (mg/L)* | 5.5 (0.9) | 1.6 (0.4) | 3.6 (1.2) | 0.190¶ | <0.001 ‡ |
| HbA1c (mmol/-mol)* | 42.2 (2.9) | 38.5 (2.4) | 36.6 (0.8) | 0.194¶ | 0.001 ‡ |
| Insulin (pmol/L)* | 117.1 (19.6) | 54.3 (7.8) | 64.6 (10.6) | 0.025 ¶ | 0.001 ‡ |
| HOMA-IR* | 2.1 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.1) | 1.2 (0.2) | 0.014 ¶ | <0.001 ‡ |
| Leptin (ng/mL)* | 62.5 (14.3) | 15.6 (3.9) | 11.2 (3.2) | 0.002 ¶ | 0.003 ‡ |
*
Data presented as Mean (SEM)
†
Fisher’s exact test
§
Related sample McNemar test
An unpaired t-test was used for comparisons between pre-RYGB and non-obese Controls unless otherwise stated as ¶ Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric data
A paired t-test was used for comparison between pre- and post-RYGB unless otherwise stated as ‡Wilcoxon signed rank test for non-parametric data
FPG, Fasting Plasma Glucose; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance.