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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 12.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychopharmacology. 2022 Feb 9;47(10):1798–1807. doi: 10.1038/s41386-022-01283-8

Figure 4. Effects of morphine administration on social reward processing after stress exposure.

Figure 4

(A) Morphine administration resulted in significantly greater wanting for the high social reward (6 cm/s, CT-optimal touch), compared to placebo. No significant drug effects were observed on (B) ratings of liking (although greater liking of high and low social rewards was observed following morphine administration) and (C) force exerted to obtain the social rewards. Error bars represent standard error of the mean; black dots represent group means; colored dots represent individual means; asterisks indicate significant differences between conditions (* p < .05). VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; MVC, Maximum Voluntary Contraction.