Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Microbiology (Reading). 2023 Aug 1;169(8):10.1099/mic.0.001338. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.001338

Figure 1. Biofilms across the scales of life:

Figure 1

The central schematic shows the arrangement of mixed species of microbes embedded within an extracellular matrix. The typical materials found in the matrix are highlighted in a side box and cover both those that are produced and those that accumulate. The top panel of images showcases biofilms in the natural and built environment, which cross many scales. The lower panel of images highlight the emergent properties that arise when individual cells are in proximity within the protected community.