Table 3. Metabolite levels.
| Baseline | Left Thalamus | Anterior Cingulate Cortex | Left thalamus | Anterior Cingulate Cortex | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control N = 55 | UHR N = 75 | P* | Control N = 55 | UHR N = 75 | P* | UHR-R N = 22 | UHR-NR N = 29 | P** | UHR-R N = 22 | UHR-NR N = 29 | P** | |
| Glutamate | 7.6 ± 1.5 | 7.0 ± 1.4 | 0.03 | 13.2 ± 2.3 | 13.1 ± 2.8 | 0.97 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 6.6 ± 1.3 | 0.003 | 13.0 ± 2.8 | 13.4 ± 3.1 | 0.36 |
| Glx | 9.3 ± 2.4 | 8.8 ± 2.0 | 0.20 | 18.0 ± 4.1 | 18.1 ± 5.6 | 0.98 | 9.7+2.1 | 8.1 ± 1.9 | 0.01 | 17.6 ± 5.9 | 18.8 ± 6.1 | 0.27 |
| NAA | 12.4 ± 0.9 | 12.1 ± 1.2 | 0.10 | 13.0 ± 2.1 | 12.9 ± 2.0 | 0.80 | 12.2 ± 1.8 | 12.1 ± 0.8 | 0.65 | 12.6 ± 2.2 | 13.2 ± 2.0 | 0.14 |
| Cr | 7.2 ± 0.8 | 6.9 ± 0.8 | 0.11 | 10.1 ± 1.7 | 10.0 ± 1.7 | 0.91 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 6.9 ± 0.7 | 0.33 | 9.8 ± 2.2 | 10.2 ± 1.6 | 0.23 |
| mI | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 1.5 | 0.28 | 8.4 ± 1.4 | 8.2 ± 1.7 | 0.45 | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 4.4 ± 1.3 | 0.88 | 7.9 ± 2.0 | 8.5 ± 1.7 | 0.13 |
| TCho | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 0.01 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 0.24 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.03 | 2.6 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 0.29 |
| Follow-up | ||||||||||||
| Control N = 33 | UHR N = 47 | P*** | Control N = 33 | UHR N = 47 | P*** | UHR-R N = 22 | UHR-NR N = 26 | P*** | UHR-R N = 21 | UHR-NR N = 26 | P*** | |
| Glutamate | 7.1 ± 1.7 | 6.9 ± 1.4 | 0.49 | 13.2 ± 2.4 | 12.0 ± 2.3 | 0.13 | 6.8 ± 1.4 | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 0.07 | 11.8 ± 2.4 | 12.1 ± 2.4 | 0.52 |
| Glx | 8.7 ± 2.3 | 8.5 ± 2.1 | 0.26 | 17.8 ± 3.7 | 16.4 ± 3.5 | 0.56 | 8.8 ± 2.6 | 8.2 ± 1.5 | 0.02 | 16.5 ± 3.7 | 16.4 ± 3.4 | 0.56 |
| NAA | 11.6 ± 1.6 | 11.8 ± 1.1 | 0.09 | 13.0 ± 1.5 | 12.4 ± 1.5 | 0.14 | 11.6 ± 1.3 | 12.0 ± 0.9 | 0.48 | 12.2 ± 1.3 | 12.6 ± 1.6 | 0.21 |
| Cr | 6.9 ± 0.6 | 6.9 ± 6.2 | 0.99 | 9.6 ± 1.4 | 9.7 ± 1.4 | 0.38 | 6.9 ± 0.6 | 6.9 ± 0.6 | 0.58 | 9.3 ± 1.5 | 10.0 ± 1.3 | 0.13 |
| mI | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 0.07 | 8.7 ± 2.2 | 8.0 ± 1.6 | 0.27 | 4.1 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 0.67 | 7.7 ± 1.6 | 8.3 ± 1.6 | 0.10 |
| TCho | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.17 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 0.09 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 0.11 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 0.63 |
Abbreviations. UHR: Ultra High Risk, R: Remission, NR: No Remission NAA+NAA: N-acetyl aspartate (NAA plus NAAG); Cr: creatine; mI: myo-inositol; TCho: total choline.
P*
P-value determined by independent samples t-test;
P**
P-value determined by binary logistic regression;
P***
P -value relating to main effect of group on follow-up metabolite level determined using linear mixed models.