Table 1. Characteristics of the participants of UK Biobank, EPIC-InterAct, and EPIC-Norfolk included in this study.
| Study | UK Biobank | EPIC-InterAct | EPIC-InterAct | EPIC-Norfolk |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study group | Cohort | Incident type 2 diabetes | Non-cases | Cohort |
| Country | United Kingdom | Multiple European countries | Multiple European countries | United Kingdom |
| Genotyping chip | Affymetrix UK BiLEVE and UK Biobank Axiom arrays | Illumina 660w quad and Illumina CoreExome chip | Illumina 660w quad and Illumina CoreExome chip | Affymetrix UK Biobank Axiom array |
| Imputation panel | Haplotype Reference Consortium | Haplotype Reference Consortium | Haplotype Reference Consortium | Haplotype Reference Consortium, UK10K and 1000 Genomes |
| Participants, N | 352,070 | 9,400 | 11,593 | 19,157 |
| Age at baseline, mean years (SD) | 57 (8) | 55 (7) | 52 (9) | 59 (9) |
| Female sex, N (%) | 189,755 (54) | 4,754 (51) | 7,231 (62) | 10,175 (53) |
| Smoking status, current smokers N (%) | 36,464 (10) | 2,733 (29) | 3,115 (27) | 2,174 (11) |
| BMI in kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.4 (4.8) | 29.8 (4.8) | 25.8 (4.1) | 26.3 (3.8) |
| Waist-to-hip ratio, mean (SD) | 0.87 (0.09) | 0.92 (0.09) | 0.85 (0.09) | 0.86 (0.09) |
| Systolic blood pressure in mmHg, mean (SD) | 138 (19) | 144 (20) | 132 (19) | 135 (18) |
| Diastolic blood pressure in mmHg, mean (SD) | 82 (10) | 87 (11) | 81 (11) | 83 (11) |
| LDL cholesterol in mmol/L, mean (SD) | NAa | 4.0 (1) | 3.8 (1) | 4.0 (1) |
| HDL cholesterol in mmol/L, mean (SD) | NAa | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.4) |
| Triglycerides in mmol/L, median (IQR) | NAa | 1.7 (1.2 – 2.4) |
1.1 (0.8 – 1.6) |
1.5 (1.1 – 2.2) |
Abbreviations: N, number of participants; BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not available.
a
Blood lipids concentrations are still being measured in the UK Biobank study and results are not currently available.