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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 19.
Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2018 Jul 17;90(4):1333–1349. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13124

Table 1. Family Sociodemographic and Fertility Treatment Characteristics by Family Type.

Egg donation (N = 85)
IVF (N = 65)
Independent samples t test
M SD M SD t p d
Mother’s age (years) 42.45 4.27 36.95 4.20 7.87 < .001 1.30
Father’s age (years) 43.26 6.23 40.35 6.02 2.87  .01 0.47
Child’s age (months) 11.34 2.15   9.68 1.97 4.88 < .001 0.80
Relationship (years) 12.06 5.25 11.89 4.70 0.21  .83 0.03

Chi-square
N (%) N (%) χ2 df p

Sex of child
   Female 40 (47) 27 (42)   0.45 1   .50
   Male 45 (53) 38 (58)
Multiple rate
   Singleton 73 (86) 56 (86)   0.01 1   .94
   Twin pair 12 (14)   9 (14)
No. of siblings
   0 60 (71) 21 (32) 21.73 1 < .001
   1 or more 25 (29) 44 (68)
Mother’s education
   School education 20 (27) 20 (32)   0.43 1   .51
   Higher education 55 (73) 43 (68)
Father’s education
   School education 27 (36) 21 (33)   0.15 1   .70
   Higher education 47 (64) 42 (67)

Mann–Whitney U test
M SD M SD U p d

Fertility treatment
   Decision to have child (years) 6.41 2.97 4.15 2.64 1,433.00 < .001 0.90
   No. IVF cycles to conceive child 3.32 2.22 1.78 1.15 1,558.00 < .001 0.80

Note. IVF = in vitro fertilization.