Table 2. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illicit Drug Use in Students Based on Nonmedical Use of Prescription Sedative/Tranquilizers.
| Variable | Students who currently misuse prescription Sedative/Tranquilizer (n= 73) |
Students who have misused prescription Sedative/Tranquilizer in the past (n=94) |
Students who have never misused prescription Sedative/Tranquilizer (n=3358) |
Statistic Likelihood Ratio |
P-Value | Effect Size Cramer’s V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at first use of cigarettes or nicotine | ||||||
| • Never used | 10(13.7) | 13(13.8) | 2094(62.4) | LR=215.254 df=6 | <.001 * | .197 |
| • Less than 14 years | 15(21.9) | 28(29.8) | 156(4.6) | |||
| • 15-17 years | 34(46.6) | 34(36.2) | 479(14.3) | |||
| • 18 years or older | 13(17.8) | 19(20.2) | 628(18.7) | |||
| Frequency of e-cigarette use | ||||||
| • Never | 15(23.8) | 28(34.6) | 733(58.1) | LR=73.390 df=8 | <.001 * | .195 |
| • Not within past year | 12(19.0) | 29(35.8) | 260(20.6) | |||
| • Rarely | 19(30.2) | 13(16.0) | 199(15.8) | |||
| • Occasionally | 6(9.5) | 9(11.1) | 46(3.6) | |||
| • Daily | 11(17.5) | 2(2.5) | 23(1.8) | |||
| Frequency of alcohol consumption | ||||||
| • Never | ||||||
| • Monthly or less | 4(5.5) | 10(10.6) | 649(19.3) | LR=64.542 df=8 | <.001 * | .105 |
| • 2-4 times a month | 7(9.6) | 10(10.6) | 654(19.5) | |||
| • 2-3 times a week | 16(21.9) | 28(29.8) | 1092(32.5) | |||
| • 4+ times a week | 27(37.0) | 35(37.2) | 740(22.1) | |||
| 19(26.0) | 11(11.9) | 221(6.6) | ||||
| AUDIT score ≥8 (%) | 51(69.9) | 48(51.1) | 768(22.9) | LR=101.643 df=2 | <.001 * | .186 |
| DAST-10 score ≥3 (%) | 48(65.8) | 40(42.6) | 201(6.0) | LR=255.421 df=2 | <.001 * | .373 |
| Non-prescription amphetamines | ||||||
| 57(78.1) | 65(69.1) | 1206(97.2) | LR=126.089 df=8 | <.001 * | .297 | |
| • Never | 4(5.5) | 24(25.5) | 18(1.5) 13(1.0) |
|||
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 7(9.6) | 2(2.1) | 1(0.1) | |||
| • Rarely | 3(4.1) | 3(3.2) | 3(0.2) | |||
| • Occasionally | 2(2.7) | 0(0.0) | ||||
| • Daily | ||||||
| Cocaine | ||||||
| • Never | 36(49.3) | 29(31.2) | 1059(86.2) | LR=178.490 df=6 | <.001 * | .295 |
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 16(21.9) | 45(48.4) | 99(8.1) 58(4.7) |
|||
| • Rarely | 15(20.5) | 16(17.2) | 16(17.2) | |||
| • Occasionally | 6(8.2) | 3(3.2) | 0(0.0) | |||
| • Daily | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | ||||
| Opiates | ||||||
| • Never | 57(78.1) | 75(80.6) | 1223(98.6) | LR=103.662 df= 8 | <.001 * | .272 |
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 8(11.0) | 17(18.3) | 12(1.0) 1(0.1) |
|||
| • Rarely | 4(5.5) | 1(1.1) | 2(0.2) | |||
| • Occasionally | 1(1.4) | 0(0.0) | 2(0.2) | |||
| • Daily | 3(4.1) | 0(0.0) | ||||
| Inhalants | ||||||
| • Never | 58(79.5) | 80(86.0) | 1210(98.1) | LR=74.952 df= 6 | <.001 * | .236 |
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 8(11.0) | 13(14.0) | 18(1.5) 3(0.2) |
|||
| • Rarely | 7(9.6) | 0(0.0) | 3(0.2) | |||
| • Occasionally | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | |||
| • Daily | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | ||||
| Hallucinogens | ||||||
| • Never | 23(31.5) | 26(27.7) | 964(77.9) | LR=178.086 df=8 | <.001 * | .293 |
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 17(23.3) | 47(50.0) | 161(13.0) | |||
| • Rarely | 21(28.8) | 18(19.1) | 76(6.1) | |||
| • Occasionally | 10(13.7) | 3(3.2) | 37(3.0) | |||
| • Daily | 2(2.7) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | |||
| Marijuana | ||||||
| • Never | 3(4.1) | 0(0.0) | 42(3.4) | LR=85.914 df=8 | <.001 * | .186 |
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 16(21.9) | 37(39.4) | 328(26.4) | |||
| • Rarely | 5(6.8) | 21(22.3) | 444(35.7) | |||
| • Occasionally | 24(32.9) | 19(20.2) | 341(27.5) | |||
| • Daily | 25(34.2) | 17(18.1) | 87(7.0) | |||
| Prescription pain medication | ||||||
| • Never | 25(34.2) | 22(23.7) | 1097(88.5) | LR=333.028 df=8 | <.001 * | .457 |
| • In past, not within past 12 months | 13(17.9) | 63(67.7) | 110(8.9) | |||
| • Rarely | 23(31.5) | 7(7.5) | 29(2.3) | |||
| • Occasionally | 9(12.3) | 0(0.0) | 3(0.2) | |||
| • Daily | 3(4.1) | 1(1.1) | 1(0.1) | |||
Data refer to N (percentage).
*
p<0.05, Bonferroni corrected.