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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry. 2020 Mar 31;88(6):459–469. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.03.010

Figure 3. Associations of the average overlapping gray matter volume, ADHD symptoms and dyssomnia.

Figure 3

Mediation model using the average overlapping GMV as the predictor, ADHD as the mediator and dyssomnia as the dependent variable. Age, sex, handedness, race, puberty, BMI, site, household income, parental education, head motion and TIV were used as covariates of no interest. Path a measures the association between the predictor and the mediator; path b represents the effect of the mediator on the dependent variable while controlling for the predictor; path c measures the total relationship between the predictor and the dependent variable; path c’ measures the direct effect; the mediation effect is the product of path a and path b (a*b).

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.