Table 3. Adjusted associations of maternal mid-gestation FPG with birthweight and birthweight z-score stratified by placental inositol tertiles.

FPG (mmol/L)		Birthweight (g)†		Birthweight z-score (SDs)‡
P for interaction *		0.028		0.012
Tertiles of inositol	Inositol z-score, range	β § (95% CI)	P value	β § (95% CI)	P value
Whole sample
Lowest (n=245 ‖ )	-3.337, -0.470	174.2 (81.2, 267.2)	<0.001	0.6 (0.3, 0.9)	<0.001
Middle (n=240 ‖ )	-0.469, 0.336	202.0 (103.8, 300.1)	<0.001	0.7 (0.4, 1.0)	<0.001
Highest (n=239 ‖ )	0.337, 3.990	81.0 (-21.2, 183.2)	0.120	0.2 (-0.1, 0.6)	0.177
Cases of normoglycaemia #
Lowest (n=189 ‖ )	-3.337, -0.470	175.0 (54.4, 295.6)	0.005	0.6 (0.2, 1)	0.003
Middle (n=198 ‖ )	-0.469, 0.336	136.9 (1.1, 272.7)	0.048	0.5 (0, 0.9)	0.041
Highest (n=199 ‖ )	0.337, 3.914	114.0 (-24.1, 252)	0.105	0.3 (-0.1, 0.7)	0.193
Cases of gestational diabetes (GDM) ††
Lowest (n=56 ‖ )	-3.096, -0.481	239.3 (64.0, 414.6)	0.009	0.9 (0.3, 1.5)	0.002
Middle (n=42 ‖ )	-0.436, 0.315	181.9 (4.3, 359.4)	0.045	0.6 (0, 1.1)	0.040
Highest (n=40 ‖ )	0.355, 3.990	-78.9 (-308.2, 150.5)	0.488	-0.4 (-1.2, 0.4)	0.280

^†Adjusted for maternal age, ethnicity, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, tobacco smoke exposure, gestational age, and neonatal sex.

^‡Adjusted for maternal age, ethnicity, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, and tobacco smoke exposure.

^*Interaction between placental inositol tertiles and FPG on birthweight/birthweight z-score with adjustment for covariates in the whole sample.

^§Beta (β) represents the change in g or SDs per mmol/L increase in FPG.

^‖Only cases with full data sets available are presented.

^#Defined as those with normal oral glucose tolerance test by the WHO 1999 criteria.

^††Abnormal oral glucose tolerance test by the WHO 1999 criteria (FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2hPG ≥7.8 mmol/L) FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus.