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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 29.
Published in final edited form as: Stud Fam Plann. 2018 Nov 20;49(4):295–317. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12073

Table A5.

Robustness of main impacts to attrition using Lee bounds

Male Female
Panel A: Malawi [Social
Cash Transfer Program]
Ever married or cohabitated Ever married or cohabitated Ever pregnant Currently pregnant Ever given birth
Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower

Treatment status −0.02 −0.01 −0.04 −0.00 0.01 −0.03 0.00 0.02 −0.02 −0.02 −0.01 −0.06 0.02 0.04 −0.01
(0.01)* (0.01) (0.01)*** (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.03) (0.03) (0.03) (0.01) (0.02) (0.01)*** (0.02) (0.03) (0.02)
Observations 1,023 970 970 878 851 850 917 888 888 917 889 889 917 890 888
R-squared 0.40 0.40 0.38 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.44 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.43 0.43 0.45
Endline control mean 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.266 0.266 0.266 0.410 0.410 0.410 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.347 0.347 0.347

Male Female

Panel B: Zambia
[Multiple Category
Targeted Grant]
Ever married or cohabitated Ever married or cohabitated Ever pregnant Currently pregnant Ever given birth
Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower Beta Upper Lower

Treatment status −0.00 0.00 −0.02 0.01 0.02 −0.04 −0.00 0.01 −0.04 −0.01 −0.01 −0.04 0.00 0.01 −0.05
(0.01) (0.01) (0.01)*** (0.01) (0.02) (0.01)*** (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)** (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)*** (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)**
Observations 1,296 1,239 1,241 1,070 1,027 1,027 1,210 1,157 1,162 1,210 1,159 1,159 1,210 1,159 1,159
R-squared 0.17 0.17 0.11 0.42 0.42 0.45 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.42 0.42 0.44
Endline control mean 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.17 0.17 0.17

NOTES: Estimations use ANCOVA modeling. Robust standard errors in parentheses corrected for clustering.

***

p<0.01,

**

p<0.05,

*

p<0.1.

Spec used in equation (1) and all controls are measured at baseline and include stratifying indicators used for the randomization (traditional authorities dummies weights have been applied in Malawi