Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| Variable | Study 1 (N=84) | Study 2 (N=48) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | r [95% CI] with age | YA M (SD) | MA M (SD) | Group t-value [95% CI] | |
| Age | 49.43 (17.64) | 25.78 (2.61) | 55.65 (3.72) | ||
| Gender | 48F/36M | 12F/11M | 10F/10M | ||
| Digit Spana | 16.12 (3.96) | −0.28 [−0.47, −0.07] | 20.52 (3.95) | 21.85 (4.13) | 1.07 [−1.18, 3.83] |
| Numeracya | 11.81 (3.24) | −0.27 [–0.46, −0.06] | 12.52 (1.5) | 15.35 (7.88) | 1.58 [−0.9, 6.56] |
| Paired Associates Delayed Recallb | 5.85 (2.34) | −0.61 [–0.73, −0.45] | 7.22 (1.62) | 5.95 (2.14) | −2.16 [–2.46, –0.08] |
| Shipley Vocabulary Subscalea | 33.67 (5.39) | 0.15 [−0.07, 0.35] | 33.3 (3.46) | 32.1 (9) | −0.56 [−5.62, 3.21] |
Notes. Digit Span and Paired Associates Delayed Recall from the WMS-III, Wechsler Memory Scale- Third Edition, (Wechsler, 1997); Numeracy, (Peters, Dieckmann, Dixon, Hibbard, & Mertz, 2007); Shipley Vocabulary Subscale, (Shipley, 1940); Trails Test, (Corrigan & Hinkeldey, 1987).
YA = Younger adults; MA = older Middle Aged adults
Significant correlations denoted in bold.
No significant group differences in Study 2.
a
Digit Span, Vocabulary, and Numeracy were not recorded for one participant in Study 1.
b
Delayed Recall not recorded for five participants in Study 1.