Table 1.
Identified Prognostic Factors by LASSO and ALASSO in the Training Set
| Description of variable (variable name) | Cox model | LASSO | ALASSO |
|---|---|---|---|
| Site of Metastases: Bone (DS 2) | 0.234 | - | 0.058 |
| Visceral (DS 3) | 0.400 | 0.056 | 0.293 |
| Liver (LIVER) | 0.013 | - | - |
| Lung (LUNG) | 0.199 | - | - |
| Opioid analgesic use (PAIN) | 0.136 | 0.077 | 0.088 |
| Age in years (AGE) | −0.003 | - | - |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | −0.021 | - | - |
| Race (Caucasian) | 0.034 | - | - |
| ECOG Performance Status (ECOG) | 0.278 | 0.190 | 0.305 |
| Comorbidity (Comorb) | 0.070 | - | - |
| Gleason Score (GLEAST) | 0.052 | - | - |
| Prior treatment with radiotherapy (Radio) | 0.105 | - | - |
| LDH ≥ ULN (LDH.High) | 0.325 | 0.203 | 0.335 |
| Albumin (ALB) | −0.133 | −0.080 | −0.122 |
| Bilirubin (BILI) | −0.017 | - | - |
| Hemoglobin (HGB) | −0.094 | −0.085 | −0.065 |
| Platelets (PLT) | 0.000 | - | - |
| White blood cells (WBC) | 0.055 | - | - |
| Alkaline Phosphatase (ALKPHOS) | 0.145 | 0.138 | 0.145 |
| Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) | 0.025 | - | - |
| Prostate Specific Antigen(PSA) | 0.063 | 0.026 | 0.015 |
| Testosterone (TESTO) | −0.088 | - | - |
| Training C-index | 0.662 | 0.660 | |
| Integrated Time AUC | 0.742 | 0.740 |