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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2009 Feb;19(1):61–73. doi: 10.1089/cap.2008.044

FIG. 5.

FIG. 5

Weekly Positive and Negative Symptom Scale for Schizophrenia-4 (PANSS-4) results in SMD youths randomized to lithium versus placebo. PANSS-4 = Sum of excitement (hyperactivity), hostility, uncooperativeness, and poor impulse control.