Table 1:
Population characteristics and longitudinal lung function
| Bronchodilator PFT Study Population N=2,137 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | WTCd-exposed No Bronchodilator PFTa N=7,404 |
Post- Bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7 N=1,823 |
Post- Bronchodilator FEV1/FVC< 0.7 N=314 |
Subpopulation with serum biomarkers N=215 |
Pr |
| Age on 9/11b | 39.9 ± 7.6 | 40.5 ± 6.7 | 44.0 ± 6.8 | 41.0 ± 6.8 | <0.001 |
| BMIbc | 28.7 ± 3.4 | 29.2 ± 3.5 | 28.5 ± 3.3 | 28.7 ± 3.3 | <0.001 |
| Smoking status, N (%)c | |||||
| Never | 5,031 (67.9) | 1,229 (67.4) | 142 (45.2) | 185 (86.0) | |
| Former | 2,143 (28.9) | 542 (29.7) | 148 (47.1) | 22 (10.2) | <0.001 |
| Current | 230 (3.1) | 52 (2.9) | 24 (7.6) | 8 (3.7) | |
| Race, N (%) | |||||
| White | 6,971 (94.2) | 1,719 (94.3) | 299 (95.2) | 208 (96.7) | |
| Black | 174 (2.3) | 36 (2.0) | 10 (3.2) | 4 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 234 (3.2) | 66 (3.6) | 5 (1.6) | 3 (1.4) | |
| Other | 25 (0.3) | 2 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | |
| WTCd Arrival Time, N (%) | |||||
| Morning of 9/11 | 1,129 (15.3) | 366 (20.1) | 52 (16.6) | 37 (17.2) | |
| Afternoon on 9/11–9/12 | 5,322 (71.9) | 1,295 (71.0) | 223 (71.0) | 168 (78.1) | <0.001 |
| 9/13–9/24 | 953 (12.9) | 162 (8.9) | 39 (12.4) | 10 (4.7) | |
| Pre-9/11 Spirometry | |||||
| FEV1e (L)b | 4.43 ± 0.68g | 4.38 ± 0.69j | 3.94 ± 0.74jm | 4.32 ± 0.69p | <0.001 |
| FEV1 % predictedb | 105.9 ± 13.3g | 104.3 ± 13.7j | 95.2 ± 15.4jm | 103.3 ± 14.2p | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVCf | 0.85 ± 0.05g | 0.85 ± 0.05j | 0.78 ± 0.07jm | 0.84 ± 0.05p | <0.001 |
| Post-9/11 Spirometry | |||||
| FEV1 (L)bc | 4.05 ± 0.65 | 3.96 ± 0.65 | 3.46 ± 0.73 | 3.92 ± 0.70 | <0.001 |
| FEV1 % predictedbc | 97.8 ± 12.9 | 95.4 ± 13.5 | 85.2 ± 15.3 | 94.4 ± 14.4 | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.84 ± 0.05 | 0.84 ± 0.05 | 0.74 ± 0.07 | 0.83 ± 0.06 | <0.001 |
| Post-9/11 FEV1 slope (ml/yr)b |
−35.1 ± 30.8 | −37.8 ± 32.4 | −47.5 ± 36.3 | −41.1 ± 37.0 | <0.001 |
| Blood eosinophil concentration | |||||
| Pre-9/11 eos/μl | 154 ± 109h | 162 ± 117k | 186 ± 144n | 153 ± 104q | <0.001 |
| Post-9/11 eos/μlbc | 184 ± 1.26i | 194 ± 1.36l | 231 ± 1.75o | 198 ± 132 | <0.001 |
a
Pulmonary function test
b
Mean ± standard deviation
c
Value on first post-9/11 monitoring exam
d
World Trade Center
e
Forced expiratory volume in one second
f
Forced vital capacity
g
N=6,836
h
N=3,295
i
N=7,388
j
N=1,686
k
N=857
l
N=1,780
m
N=285
n
N=151
o
N=304
p
N=209
q
N=109
r
ANOVA or chi square test comparing values in first three columns