Table 4a.
Mean annualized change in the standardized rate x1000* of cognitive decline over a median follow-up of 11.8 years, across quartiles of total and 6 classes of flavonoid intake: Global function cognitive domain†
| Flavonoid quartiles | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | ||||||
| Flavonoid class | Mean | (95% CIs) | Mean | (95% CIs) | Mean | (95% CIs) | Mean | (95% CIs) | P-trend‡ |
| Total flavonoids§ | −18.5 | (−22.8,−14.1) | −18.3 | (−22.3,−14.3) | −14.8 | (−18.9,−10.6) | −14.9 | (−19.1,−10.7) | 0.19 |
| Flavonols | −20.1 | (−24.4,−15.9) | −17.8 | (−21.9,−13.7) | −14.8 | (−18.9,−10.7) | −13.9 | (−18.0,−9.7) | 0.04 |
| Flavones | −16.0 | (−20.2,−11.9) | −16.1 | (−20.1,−12.0) | −16.8 | (−20.9,−12.7) | −17.6 | (−21.8,−13.4) | 0.58 |
| Flavanones | −15.4 | (−19.5,−11.3) | −15.7 | (−19.7,−11.6) | −17.9 | (−21.9,−13.8) | −17.6 | (−22.0,−13.3) | 0.36 |
| Flavan-3-ols | −20.6 | (−24.8,−16.3) | −17.0 | (−21.0,−12.9) | −15.3 | (−19.4,−11.2) | −13.7 | (−17.8,−9.6) | 0.04 |
| Anthocyanins | −15.9 | (−20.3,−11.5) | −16.3 | (−20.4,−12.2) | −17.3 | (−21.3,−13.3) | −16.9 | (−20.9,−12.9) | 0.77 |
| Flavonoid polymers | −18.4 | (−22.8,−14.0) | −20.0 | (−24.0,−16.0) | −13.5 | (−17.6,−9.5) | −14.6 | (−18.7,−10.5) | 0.10 |
All values are mean least squares annualized change in the global function cognitive domain score multiplied by 1000; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in parentheses.
Of the total 2672 observations, there was 2255 complete data for the global function cognitive domain.
P values for the test of linear trend across quartile categories were based on linear regression models with the median intake of each quartile category assigned to individuals with intake in that category, and this quartile median variable was used as a continuous measure in regression models.
Adjusted for age, sex, education, total energy intake, Apolipoprotein E ε4, and global function score at the beginning of the exam interval (model 1).