Table 1.
Preclinical and Clinical Studies Showing Involvement of miRNAs in ELS and Associated Depression and Suicidality
| Study | Species/Model or Human Sample | Brain Areas or Source | Participating miRNAs | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rat, 180-minute maternal separation combined with chronic restraint | Medial PFC | miR- 132, miR-124, miR-9, miR-29a | Uchida et. al.52 | |
| 2 | Rat,360-minute maternal separation | Hippocampus | miR-16 | Bai et. al. 36 | |
| 3 | Rat, 180-minute maternal separation, fluoxetine, ECT, and ketamine treatment | Hippocampus | Fluoxetine: 2 miRNAs | O’Connor et. al. 37,33 | |
| ECT: 10 miRNAs | |||||
| Ketamine: 14 miRNAs | |||||
| All: miR-598-5p and miR-451 | |||||
| 4 | Rat, 360-minute maternal separation and adult chronic variable stress | Nucleus accumbens | miR-504 | Zhang et. al.53 | |
| 5 | Rat, 360-minute maternal separation and adult chronic variable stress | Nucleus accumbens and striatum | miR-9, miR-326 | Zhang et. al.59 | |
| 6 | Rat, 90-minute maternal separation and miR-124 lentiviral injection | Dentate gyrus | miR-124 | Bahi54 | |
| 7 | Mouse, chronic variable stress | PFC | 23 downregulated miRNAs including miR-200c | Morrison et. al.74 | |
| 8 | Rat, inescapable shock | PFC and hippocampus | PFC: miR-125 | Liu et. al.76 | |
| Hipp: miR-16 | |||||
| 9 | Rat, chronic variable stress or dexamethasone treatment | Basolateral amygdala | miR-124a, miR-18a | Xu et. al.73 | |
| 10 | Rat, 15-minute maternal separation (augmented maternal care) | Hypothalamus | miR-488, miR-144, miR-542-5p, miR-421, miR-376b-5p | Vogel Ciernia et. al.69 | |
| 11 | Rat, chronic variable stress or dexamethasone treatment | PFC and hippocampus | miR-124a, miR18a | Xu et. al.75 | |
| 12 | Rat, prenatal restraint stress | Hippocampus | miR-125-1-3p | Cattane et. al.77 | |
| 13 | Human, 40 men with high reported childhood abuse | Whole blood | Methylation at promoter region of miR-514, miR-520c, miR-215, miR-519a, miR-519e, mir-203, and let7d | Suderman et. al.80 | |
| 14 | Human, patients with borderline personality disorder | Blood leukocytes | Methylation near promoter for miR-124-3 | Prados et. al.81 | |
| 12 | Human, 52 healthy adults characterized by childhood trauma score | Whole blood | 80 miRNAs including miR-125-1-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-200b-5p, miR-641, miR-146b-5p, miR-497, and miR-330-3p | Cattane et. al.77 | |