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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 2.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2020 May 7;181(5):1131–1145.e21. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.015

Figure 5. Map summarizing genetic exchanges in the Central Andes.

Figure 5.

(1) Bi-directional mixture between the North and Central Coasts and the Northwest Amazon. (2) Genetic exchange between NorthPeruCoast and NorthPeruHighlands. (3) Genetic interaction between CentralPeruCoast and NorthPeru.Highlands_Lau.ricocha before ~5800 BP. (4) Genetic exchange between NorthPeruHighlands and SouthPeruHighlands. (5) Individuals of NorthPeruCoast and Titicaca Basin-related ancestry found in Cusco (Torontoy) during the Inca Empire (~450 BP). (6) Spread of SouthPeruHighlands-related ancestry into the Cusco region 450 BP-present. (7) Genetic exchange between SouthPeruHighlands and Titicaca Basin before 1700 BP. (8) Greater allele sharing between Tiwanaku and SouthPeruHighlands relative to other individuals in Titicaca Basin during the Tiwanaku period (~1000 BP). (9) SouthPeruHighlands-related ancestry found in Pukara in Northern Chile ~700 BP. (10) Genetic exchange between NorthChile and Titicaca Basin before ~1700 BP. (11) NorthPeruCoast-related ancestry found in an Inca sacrifice victim in Argentina. (12) Gene flow between NorthChile or SouthPeruHighlands and the Pampas region of Argentina.