Table 1.
Demographic and treatment characteristics of matched cardiomyopathy cases and controls
| Characteristics | Cases | Controls | P-value2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| N=50 | N=50 | ||
| Female, n (%) | 18 (36) | 22 (44) | 0.414 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 26 (56) | 27 (63) | 0.5473 |
| Black | 7 (15) | 4 (9) | |
| Asian | 7 (15) | 7 (16) | |
| Hispanic | 4 (9) | 5 (12) | |
| Multiracial | 2 (4) | 0 | |
| Unknown | 4 (8) | 7 914) | |
| Mean age at cancer diagnosis, years (SD) | 8.0 (5.5) | 7.2 (4.6) | 0.431 |
| Year of cancer diagnosis, n (%) | 0.773 | ||
| 1991–1999 | 8 (16) | 7 (14) | |
| 2000–2005 | 17 (34) | 15 (30) | |
| 2006–2009 | 17 (34) | 22 (44) | |
| 2010–2015 | 8 (16) | 6 (12) | |
| Cancer diagnosis, n (%) | 0.127 | ||
| Leukemia | 14 (28) | 14 (28) | |
| Lymphoma | 11 (22) | 15 (30) | |
| Sarcoma | 14 (28) | 18 (36) | |
| Other solid tumor | 11 (22) | 3 (6) | |
| Doxorubicin exposure, n (%) | 41 (82) | 42 (84) | 0.790 |
| Median dose, mg/m2 (IQR) | 260 (225–375) | 300 (200–375) | 0.934 |
| Daunorubicin exposure, n (%) | 17 (34) | 14 (28) | 0.516 |
| Median dose, mg/m2 (IQR) | 120 (95–300) | 100 (100–300) | 0.732 |
| Mitoxantrone exposure, n (%) | 5 (10) | 5 (10) | 1.000 |
| Median dose, mg/m2 (IQR) | 48 (48–50) | 48 (48–48) | n-e |
| Idarubicin exposure, n (%) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.557 |
| Cumulative anthracycline dose, mg/m2 (IQR)1 | 280 (200–450) | 300 (200–450) | 0.994 |
| Radiotherapy affecting the heart, n (%) | 22 (44) | 21 (42) | 0.839 |
| Years of follow-up (cancer diagnosis to last follow-up), n (%) | 0.588 | ||
| <10 yrs | 23 (46) | 29 (58) | |
| 10+ | 27 (54) | 21 (42) | |
| Years of follow-up from cancer diagnosis to 1st abnormal echo, n (%) | n/a | ||
| <2 | 17 (34) | n/a | |
| 2–9 | 17 (34) | n/a | |
| 10+ | 16 (32) | n/a | |
| Age at 1st abnormal echo in years, n (%) | |||
| 0–9 | 7 (14) | n/a | |
| 10–14 | 17 (34) | n/a | |
| 15–19 | 20 (40) | n/a | |
| 20–24 | 4 (8) | n/a | |
| 25–35 | 2 (4) | n/a | |
| Treated for cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 27 (54) | n/a | |
| History of heart transplant, n (%) | 1 (2) | n/a | |
| Mean age at last follow-up, years (SD) | 18.3 (5.2) | 17.2 (4.4) | 0.224 |
Abbreviations: n/a, not applicable; n-e, not estimable
1
Based on the following conversion for doxorubicin equivalence (daunorubicin 0.5, epirubicin 0.67, idarubicin 3.0, and mitoxantrone 10.0)
2
Comparison of cases and controls based on chi-square test for categorical values; t-test or Wilcoxon for continuous values
3
White non-Hispanic vs. other