Table 1.
Pharmacology of selected COVID-19 treatments under investigation. Resources: () FDA, WHO, Clinical trials.gov.
| Drugs | Mechanism of action |
|---|---|
| Anti-inflammatory therapies for COVID-19 infection | |
| Actemra | IL-6 inhibitor |
| Lenzilumab | anti-GM-CSF |
| CD24Fc | IL-6 inhibitor |
| Colchicine | Tubulin disruption |
| Kevzara | IL-6 inhibitor |
| Leronlimab | CCR5 antagonist |
| Aviptadil | IL-6 inhibitor |
| SNG001 | IFN-β-1α |
| Gilenya | sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator |
| Mesenchymal stem cells | Tissue regeneration |
| Gimsilumab | Anti-GM-CSF |
| Sylvant | IL-6 inhibitor |
| Anti-viral therapies for COVID-19 infection | |
| Remdesivir | Adenosine analog |
| Kaletra | HIV protease inhibitor |
| Arbidol | Broad-spectrum antiviral |
| Chloroquine/ Hydroxychloroquine ACE-2 inhibitor | |
| Avigan | RNA polymerase inhibitor |
| Pneumonia therapies for COVID-19 infection | |
| Ganovo-Ritonavir | Hepatitis C/HIV protease inhibitors |
| Prezcobix | HIV-1 protease inhibitor + CYP3A inhibitor + CYP3A inhibitor |
| Avastin | VEGF inhibitor |
| Airuika | PD-1 inhibitor |
| Plasma therapies for COVID-19 infection | |
| Plasmapheresis | Antibodies from recovered patients |
| Therapies for organ failure with COVID-19 infection | |
| Losartan | AT1R inhibitor |
| Vaccines under investigation for COVID-19 infection | |
| mRNA-1273 | S-protein mRNA vaccine |
| Ad5-nCoV | Non-replicating viral vector |
| ChAdOxl nCoV-19 | Non-replicating viral vector |
| LV-SMENP-DC | Lentiviral |
| BCG Vaccine | Live attenuated Virus |